RU2241913C2 - Water boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water heating for heating and hot-water supply systems.

SUBSTANCE: proposed water boiler has combustion and convection sections formed by tube waterwalls and provided with common overhead waterwall, as well as horizontal inlet and outlet headers. Each waterwall tube has inlet and outlet bypass pipes providing communications between inlet and outlet headers and waterwall tubes; butt-ends of tubes of combustion and convection waterwalls are plugged. Slit-section pipes function as bearing members of waterwall tubes and are disposed on opposite ends of waterwall tube diameter tangentially to tube axes, section dimensions being related to waterwall tube diameter as follows: height, 1.3/2.4; width, 0.25/0.35; distance between axes of inlet and outlet pipes, not to exceed 15 diameters of waterwall tube. Waterwalls of combustion and convection sections are separated from one another by means of fire-proof partitions.

EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness of boiler burning high ash-content fuels; ability of developing heat-transfer surface in convection section.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a power system and can be used in boilers operating in heating systems and hot water supply.

Known hot water boiler described in the patent of the Russian Federation 2150047 in class 7 F 24 N 1/00.

In this design of the boiler, the liquid is sequentially introduced into the screen tubes through the tangential nozzles. The hydraulic resistance of the boiler increases in proportion to the number of active screen tubes.

The disadvantage of the design of this boiler is that such a design requires an increase in the power of the circulation pumps, and the performance limit of this boiler is due to the power of the pump group;

it is also impossible to use it when burning fuel with high ash content (milled peat), since ash quickly fills the space between horizontally arranged screen tubes and reduces the efficiency of the boiler.

Closest to the proposed invention is a hot water boiler, described in patent RU 2177117, F 24 H 1/00, 12.20.2001.

In patent RU 2177117, the boiler has a furnace and convection parts formed by screens made of pipes, horizontal inlet and outlet headers, each of the screen pipes having inlet and outlet bypass pipes, the ends of the screen pipes of the furnace and convection screens are plugged, and the furnace and convection parts have a common ceiling screen.

The disadvantage of this design is that to ensure effective swirling of the water flow, an increase in the mass flow rate of the liquid through the installation is required. This, in turn, reduces the time it takes for the water to pass through the boiler. Therefore, to ensure the required difference in water temperatures at the inlet and at the outlet of the installation, an increase in the length of the screen tubes and the dimensions of the boiler is required. Technical results of the invention:

1 - a significant increase in the efficiency of the boiler with the same dimensions of the boiler due to the effect of synchronous rotation of water in the screen pipes, due to the combination of the proportions of the pipes, while the effect of synchronous rotation is observed at reduced water flow through the boiler (the result was obtained experimentally);

2 - ensuring the high efficiency of the boiler on all types of solid fuel due to the efficient use of the heat exchange surface in the convective part.

Technical results are achieved due to differences in the fact that:

screen pipes are connected to the inlet and outlet horizontal collectors mentioned bypass pipes;

the nozzles are load-bearing elements of the screen tubes and are located on opposite sides of the diameter of the screen tube, tangentially to the axes of the screen tubes;

provide rotation of water in pipes;

the nozzles have a slit-shaped cross-section, where the cross-sectional dimensions relate to the diameter of the screen tube as: height - 1.3 / 2.4; width - 0.25 / 0.35, the distance between the axes of the inlet and outlet nozzles should not exceed 15 diameters of the screen tube;

the screens of the furnace and convection parts are separated from each other by partitions of fire-resistant material.

In figure 1. boiler design is shown;

figure 2 and 3 shows the nozzles connecting the screen tubes with collectors;

figure 4 shows the furnace and convective screens.

The hot water boiler contains:

furnace 1 and convective 2 parts in which furnace 3 and convective 4 screens are installed;

furnace 1 and convective 2 parts of the boiler have a common ceiling screen 5, where the nozzles 10 connecting the screen pipes to the collectors are located tangentially to the axes of the screen pipes, and have a slit-shaped cross section (see FIGS. 2 and 3). The boiler also contains a grate 6, a chimney 7, dispensing manifolds 8, input screen pipes 9, tangential pipes 10, output manifolds 11 separating the partitions 12. The input and output pipes entering and leaving each pipe are located on opposite sides of the screen diameter pipes. Furnace 3 and convective 4 screens have the same design and are shown in Fig.4.

The boiler operates as follows: water enters through the dispensing manifold 8 (FIGS. 1 and 4) into the input screen tubes 9 (FIGS. 1 and 4) of the right and left convection screens of the furnace part 4 (FIG. 1) through the tangential nozzles 10. The input tangential the nozzles 10 are shown in figure 2. Due to the tangential input, water receives a rotational movement about the axis of the screen tube and intensively washes the inner surface of the screen tubes. Moving through the pipes, water exits through the outlet pipes (Fig. 3) into the outlet manifold 11 (Fig. 4). Depending on the layout of the boiler, the input manifolds of both furnace 3 (figure 1) and convective 4 (figure 1) screens can be placed both at the top and bottom. From the output collectors of convective screens, water enters the input collectors of the furnace screens and through the tangential nozzles it enters the furnace screen pipes. Rotating, water moves through these pipes and enters the output manifold of the furnace screen. From the output collectors of the furnace screens, water enters the ceiling screen, flowing from one screen pipe to another through tangentially located nozzles.

The flue gases, moving upward, wash the pipes of the furnace screen 1, are reflected from the ceiling screen 5 and fall into the convective part 2 from opposite sides from the partitions 12 separating the furnace 3 and convective screens 4. Moving downwards, the gases wash the convection pipes and then go into the chimney 7. Thus, in all heat transfer pipes of the boiler, water moves with the rotation of the flow, providing intensive cooling of the entire surface of the pipes. Pipes that make up the vertical furnace 3 (figure 1) and convective screens 4 (figure 1) are located vertically and are held on the slotted nozzles 10 (figure 1), hanging over the firebox or chimney. In this case, optimal conditions are provided for shedding ash from the screen pipes to the grate 6 (Fig. 1) or into the chimney 7 (Fig. 1), and the ash is removed from the boiler through an ash removal system.

Claims (1)

The hot water boiler has a furnace and convection parts formed by screens made of pipes, horizontal inlet and outlet headers, each of the screen pipes having inlet and outlet bypass pipes, the ends of the screen pipes of the furnace and convection screens are muffled, and the furnace and convection parts have a common a ceiling screen, characterized in that the screen pipes are connected to the inlet and outlet headers by the said overflow pipes; the nozzles are load-bearing elements of the screen tubes and are located on opposite sides of the diameter of the screen tube, tangentially to the axes of the screen tubes; the nozzles have a slit-shaped cross-section, where the cross-sectional dimensions relate to the diameter of the screen tube as: height - 1.3 / 2.4; width - 0.25 / 0.35, the distance between the axes of the inlet and outlet nozzles should not exceed 15 diameters of the screen tube; the screens of the furnace and convection parts are separated from each other by partitions of fire-resistant material.

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