RU2240098C1 - Method for doing respiratory children exercises - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: method involves doing deep inspirations and prolonged expirations and pronouncing various sounds in expiring air and doing the respiratory exercises in combination with physical training exercises. The respiratory exercises are executed in known sequence. Preparative stage is carried out first of all. It involves executing deep inspirations and prolonged expirations with certain resistance to breathing created in throat. Then, the respiratory exercises are executed in combination with physical training exercises in rhythmically alternating inspirations raising arms up above the head and expirations accompanied by moving arms down with fists pressed against shoulders. The next stage is the main one. It involves breathing in the following manner. Two short inspirations are executed through the nose and two short expirations with HA-HA sounds being pronounced followed by more two short expirations with HOO-HOO sounds being pronounced. This makes one full breathing cycle. Breathing is carried out in several cycles the number of which depends on age and individual specific of children. The stage is completed with transition to breathing through the nose only in executing two short inspirations and two short expirations following an individual rhythm frequency.

EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness in stimulating physiological systems of organism and strengthening health.

4 cl

Description

The invention relates to the field of pediatrics, and, in particular, to physiotherapy exercises for children with the aim of general improvement of their body and the prevention of diseases.

Currently, much attention is paid to the methods of healing people using breathing techniques or techniques. Eastern methods of ancient yogis are becoming more widespread.

In patent sources, methods of healing the human body using elements of yoga exercises are increasingly found (for example, RF application for invention No.2000118449/14 by R.S. Minvaleev, publ. In BIPM No. 27, 2002), the method includes the implementation of standard oriental wellness poses hatha yoga systems with additional loads in certain poses.

A known method of performing respiratory gymnastics for the general healing of the body, based on the elements of yoga (RF application No.2000117304 / 14, A 61 N 1/00, publ. 08/29/2002), including breathing in three parts of the lungs: lower, middle and upper according to the system breathing of yogis, while breathing is performed with resistance to breathing in the throat with each inhalation and exhalation, and also control breathing in each of the departments by sequentially arranging hands on each of the departments, after which breathing exercises are performed with a certain rhythm in Ethnias with a hand movement in the form of “forging a fur” (bhastrika) and at the main stage perform rhythmic cleansing breath (Sudarshan Kriyu) with three different rhythms, performed in several circles, each rhythm including a system of breaths and breaths performed in a given ratio of duration inhalation - exhalation and pace.

This complex is designed for adults and for children is overly complex, monotonous, requiring increased attention and breathing under the control of consciousness, which for children is boring and difficult.

Closest to the proposed is a technique for performing breathing exercises based on pranayama exercises for children (Sat. Yoga for children, parents and teachers. - Publishing House “Janus.” - 2000. P.234-236. - Transl. From English) . This technique includes several breathing exercises that can be combined into a single complex, performed, for example, in the following sequence: in a rhythmic pace, inhale and exhale while sitting in a comfortable position, using fingers or hands, then take deep breaths, and when doing various exhalations make various sounds: AA, UU, AI with an attempt to determine the airway section, when exhaling from which a certain sound sounds, while the AA sound sounds when exhaling from the lower (abdominal) section, the sound of UU sounds teaches when exhaling from the thoracic region and the sound of AI sounds when exhaling from the clavicular region, at the same time they perform the exercise with hands that raise it high with the sound of AI and gradually lower it to the lower starting position with the sound of AA. Five such cycles are performed rhythmically.

This technique, on the one hand, is complicated by the attempt to familiarize children with the respiratory tract by making certain sounds in each of them and by trying to perform full yoga breathing, which may not be possible for all children involved, but on the other hand, it is not effective enough disclosing the body's reserves of the child to perform cleansing breath, which plays the main healing role of the body.

The objective of the invention is to develop a method of breathing exercises based on the elements of breathing in the yoga system (pranayama, kriya), available for children 8-16 years old, the result of which is the stimulation of the respiratory, cardiovascular and other systems and organs of the child’s body and its general strengthening and wellness.

The problem is solved due to the fact that when performing breathing exercises by children on the basis of yoga elements, including performing deep breaths and long exhalations, and performing inspirations and exhalations with pronouncing various sounds on the exhale, as well as performing breathing exercises in combination with physical ones, it is proposed to perform breathing exercises in a certain sequence: first they carry out the preparatory phase, at which deep breaths and long exhalations are performed with resistance Niemi breathing in the throat; then breathing exercises are performed in combination with physical ones in the form of energetic rhythmically alternating breaths with raising hands above the head and exhaling with lowering hands with fists to the shoulders; after which the main stage of breathing exercises is carried out in the following sequence: perform two short breaths through the nose, accompanied by two short exhalations with the pronunciation of sounds HA-HA, then again perform two short breaths through the nose, accompanied by two short exhalations with the pronunciation of sounds HU-HU; this is one circle of breathing, the number of which depends on the age and individual characteristics of the children; the stage is completed by transfer to breathing only through the nose, performed by two short breaths and two short exhalations with an individual rhythm frequency.

At the same time, at the preparatory stage, 15-20 deep breaths and long exhalations with breathing resistance in the throat are carried out by children 13-16 years old, followed by rest.

A combination of breathing exercises with physical ones in the form of energetic rhythmically alternating breaths with raising arms and unclenching fingers with exhalations and lowering hands with fists to the shoulders is performed in a rhythm of 0.5 s for each breath and exhale for 15 breaths in each circle, all groups of children perform up to three circles when observing the health of children.

In this case, breathing exercises by young children (8-12 years) are performed for 3-7 minutes, and older children (13-16 years) - up to 10 minutes, after which breathing is transferred to normal.

The essence of the proposed method is as follows.

There are certain limitations in teaching children the art of breathing. For example, according to Vedic traditions, it is not recommended to teach children such complex theoretical concepts of yoga as the art of breathing - pranayama and kriya (i.e., exercises performed with the conscious control of breathing by the will), since the child’s psyche is not prepared to accept the high demands of self-deepening, endurance, seriousness, giving the desired result when performing these exercises (Sat. Yoga for children, parents and teachers. - Publishing House “Janus.” - 2000. - P.191, 203-205. Transl. from English). In addition to psychological, there are also anatomical and physiological characteristics of the respiratory tract of the child's body, which impede breathing exercises by all parts of the lungs. The upper respiratory tract, including the nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx, trachea, are associated with the lower respiratory tract: bronchi and lungs. The anatomical and physiological characteristics of the airways in young and young children are characterized by a comparative narrowness of the airways, increased sensitivity of their mucous membranes to temperature, microbial, mechanical and chemical irritants, which can lead to impaired respiratory function of all parts of the respiratory system (L.K. Efimova Physiotherapy exercises for diseases of the respiratory system in children. - Kiev. - 1988. - P.3-6).

In addition, the ribs of the chest in a small child are located more horizontally, almost at right angles to the spine. They are always in a state of maximum inspiration, so increasing the capacity of the chest during breathing is impossible due to raising the ribs. The child is not able to increase the volume of each individual breath and in this regard only makes breathing quicker. This state of the respiratory system lasts up to 7-8 years of life. With age, the shape of the chest and the position of the ribs gradually change, the upper hole and ribs take an inclined position, and other physiological changes take place. By this time, the number of alveoli in the lungs ceases to reproduce due to cell division, they only begin to increase in size. Therefore, doctors believe that the eighth year of life is the ideal age for the primary familiarization of children with breathing exercises (pranayama). The cardiovascular system and the respiratory apparatus receive a systematic training that gives the child a high level of resistance and endurance at all stages of life.

Our practice has shown, taking into account the modern development of children in physiological and psychological terms, that the developed technique of simplified breathing exercises based on the yoga system, which does not include the complex breathing of yogis by all departments of the respiratory tract, allows children to perform them easily and freely. Performing deep breaths and long exhalations with resistance to breathing in the throat can significantly extend inhalations and exhalations, reducing their number per minute, which makes it possible to improve gas exchange conditions in the lungs, promotes blood flow to the heart and oxygen saturation of the body. Performing exercises of bhastrika - “blacksmith's fur” also does not cause special difficulties for healthy children, and with sick children, increased attention to their condition is required. A decrease in the rhythm rate and its variation for individual groups of children and individually also gives a good result when performing this type of exercise.

Despite the fact that the exercises of cleansing breathing - Kriya are not recommended for children (Sat. Yoga for children, parents and teachers, - Publishing House “Janus. - 2000. - P.205), the proposed technique for its implementation - children's Sudarshan Kriya - performed by two short breaths and two short exhalations with pronouncing sounds on the exhale in one case of HA and in the other case, XU does not cause difficulties in children. Children enjoy breathing sounds. Performing breathing with sound combines the benefits of breathing with the healing effect of sound vibrations. Children's Sudarshan Kriya has a cleansing and healing effect, primarily on various parts of the respiratory tract. Because they interact with various organs and systems (organs of hearing, vision, abdominal cavity, cardiovascular system, humoral, ANS, central nervous system, etc.), when performing cleansing exercises, these organs and systems interact, saturate them with oxygen and charge them with energy organism. The practice of applying this technique shows a general improvement in the well-being and health of children. Cases of vision recovery (in two cases) from 0.8 to 1.0 were also noted.

Breathing exercises are performed as follows.

When performing the preparatory phase in the age group of children, starting from 13 years old, breathing with a squeezed throat is performed. Otherwise, it can be defined as breathing, carried out with resistance to the flow of inhaled and exhaled air in the throat. The breathing mechanism with resistance is as follows: airflow resistance is created at the place where the posterior pharyngeal wall passes into the larynx (respiratory throat) when the epiglottis partially overlaps the laryngeal opening. The throat contracts slightly, as if a person choked, with the difference that this does not happen for a short time, but constantly throughout the entire breath on inhalation and exhalation. The hands are located throughout the breath in a certain position - the palms are open, lie on the knees with the back side up. 15-20 long breaths are made with further rest and observation of changes in the state of the body.

Breathing exercises are supplemented by physical ones performed by the movement of the hands, reminiscent of the forging of a blacksmith’s fur (called “Bhastrika” - blacksmith’s fur). When performing exercises, normal breathing through the nose is used, hands are clenched into a fist and set at shoulder level, elbows are pressed to the chest. On inhalation, the arms vigorously lift up, palms open, fingers extended. On exhalation, the elbows fall to the sides and the hands are again clenched into fists at shoulder level. The rhythm is performed: for inhalation and exhalation for about 0.5 seconds. Perform 3 exercise circles of 15 breaths in each, with short breaks after each round. Bhastrika helps cleanse the nasal passages, quickly saturates the body with energy. At this preparatory stage ends. The body is prepared for the main stage of cleansing breathing - children's Sudarshan Kriya. Sudarshan Kriyu (SK) is carried out in a well-ventilated area, sitting in a relaxed position. SC is performed from 3 to 10 minutes, depending on the age and fitness of the group, followed by rest. In the age group of children from 8 to 12 years, the time for SC is reduced relative to the group of adolescents 13-16 years and takes 3-7 minutes with subsequent rest. In adolescents 13-16 years, the time increases to 8-10 minutes and then the necessary rest follows.

SC is performed as follows.

Two consecutive breaths are made with a short rhythm through the nose and the sounds of HA-HA are pronounced on two consecutive exhalations, then again two consecutive breaths are made through the nose in a short rhythm through the nose and the sounds of ХУ-ХУ are pronounced on two consecutive exhalations. This is a single circle or cycle and runs as many cycles as it corresponds to the age and readiness of the group. Time is determined by the instructor conducting the SC, but not more than 3-7 minutes. Then follows the transition to breathing only through the nose with short breaths and exhalations, alternating 2 consecutive inspirations and 2 consecutive exhalations, the frequency set by the child himself in a rhythm comfortable for him. The time and rhythm of the performance is individual, but varies from 3 to 7 minutes, in a more prepared group of older age, the time can be lengthened, but the total duration of the SC should not exceed more than 10 minutes. The instructor puts the group into normal breathing through the nose and offers relaxation.

There is a home version of SC for children after familiarization with the methodology in the group. It is carried out independently, without the help of an instructor. The peculiarity of this option is that first 9-12 cycles are performed (breathing with sounds), then breathing through the nose (2 breaths, 2 exhalations) with an individual rhythm inherent in each and subsequent relaxation for 5-10 minutes.

Claims (4)

1. A method of performing breathing exercises for children, including performing deep breaths and long exhalations and performing inspirations and exhalations with pronouncing various sounds on the exhale, as well as performing breathing exercises in combination with physical ones, characterized in that the breathing exercises are performed in a certain sequence: first carry out the preparatory phase, in which deep breaths and long exhalations are performed with resistance to breathing in the throat, then breathing exercises are performed. they are taken in combination with physical ones in the form of rhythmically alternating breaths with raising hands above the head and exhaling with lowering hands with fists to the shoulders, after which the main stage of breathing exercises is carried out in the following sequence: two short breaths through the nose and two short breaths with pronouncing sounds HA-HA , then two short breaths through the nose and two short exhalations with the pronunciation of sounds HU-HU; this is one circle of breathing, which is performed in several circles, the number of which depends on the age and individual characteristics of the children; the stage is completed by transfer to breathing only through the nose, performed by two short breaths and two short exhalations with an individual rhythm frequency. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at the preparatory stage spend 15-20 deep breaths and long exhalations with breathing resistance in the throat of children 13-16 years old with subsequent rest. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the combination of breaths with raising arms and unclenching fingers with exhalations and lowering the hands with fists to the shoulders is carried out in a rhythm of 0.5 s for each breath and exhale of 15 breaths-exhalations per one A circle of up to three circles performed by children of all ages. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that breathing exercises by children of 8-12 years old are performed for 3-7 minutes, and by children 13-16 years old - up to 10 minutes.