RU2164324C2 - Hot-water boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat power engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention may be used in boilers of heat generation plants, industrial boiler rooms and in heat-exchange apparatus. Hot-water boiler has a body which accommodates furnace with screens made of heat-exchange tubes. It also has water-flow twisting devices arranged in every heat-exchange tube. Devices are made as two tubular headpieces mounted on partitions at an angle to heat-exchange tube axis, in parallel to each other Diameter of tubular headpieces, tubular section length, slope angle of headpiece to axis of heat-exchange tube along with arrangement of twisting device in every tube provide for optimal flow rate and velocity of heat carrier. EFFECT: intensified heat exchange. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to a power system and can be used in boilers of heating plants, industrial boiler houses and boiler housing and communal facilities and heat exchangers.

 Known hot water boiler containing a vertical housing, which houses a firebox, a ceiling screen of pipes and side screens of radiation and convective panels. The convective panel is made of lowering and lifting pipes alternating between each other, while every two adjacent lifting and lowering pipes are tangentially connected to the corresponding pipe of the radiation panel. Tangential nozzles are arranged in tiers [1].

 In the known device, by creating a flow of swirling water in the screen tubes, provided by the introduction and removal of water through the tangential nozzles, a certain intensification of heat transfer is achieved. However, the swirling of the flow occurs only in the convective part, which does not significantly increase the efficiency of heat transfer. In addition, the lowering and lifting pipes are in the zone of high heat exposure, which leads to their rapid failure. Small diameter pipes are used, which leads to an increase in hydraulic resistance on the boiler.

 A known hot water boiler containing a combustion chamber shielded by pipes, a convective tube bundle, an economizer, while adjacent pipes of the screen, economizer, convective beam are interconnected by bypass pipes located tangentially to their axes. In the device, the intensification of heat transfer is ensured by swirling the water flow during the bypass of water from one heating pipe to the adjacent one through the bypass pipes [2].

 A disadvantage of the known device is the following: effective heat transfer due to the fact that the movement of water occurs sequentially through all the pipes of the screen is achieved with a high resistance of the boiler, which negatively affects the mode of its operation. In addition, the bypass pipes are located in a zone of high heat exposure, which leads to their failure.

 Closest to the proposed invention is a hot-water boiler containing a housing with a furnace, framing and intermediate screens from heat exchange pipes connected by collectors, pipes with systems for supplying and removing coolant, flues for the passage of combustion products with partitions. In heat transfer pipes, pipes with nozzles located in the narrowing zone of the annular channel, containing inclined half rings along the length, are eccentrically installed. The pipes are plugged behind the last nozzle by plugs. At the inlet, pipes with nozzles are connected to heat exchange pipes by partitions with holes [3].

 In the known device due to the placement of twisting devices in heat transfer pipes, the parameters of which are selected in such a way as to ensure effective heat transfer, a sufficiently intense heat transfer is achieved.

 However, the design of a twisting device containing screw elements significantly increases the hydraulic resistance on the boiler. In this case, the hydraulic resistance increases to a greater extent than the heat transfer is intensified. The increase in hydraulic resistance requires the installation of high-pressure pumps, which leads to additional energy consumption. The complexity of manufacturing, high metal consumption, difficulties in carrying out repair work should also be attributed to significant disadvantages of the known device.

 The objective of the invention is the intensification of heat transfer with adjustable hydraulic resistance, low metal consumption, ease of manufacture and operation.

 The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in a boiler containing a housing, a firebox with upper, rear and side shields from heat exchange tubes is placed in it, intermediate shields from heat exchange tubes are installed in the convection part, while the tubes of the shields are connected to respective collectors connected with a system for supplying and discharging water, as well as swirling devices for water flow installed in heat transfer pipes with partitions on the water inlet side, swirling devices placed in each heat transfer pipe It is in the form of two tubular nozzles mounted on the partition walls at an angle to the axis of the heat exchange tubes parallel to each other.

 The diameter of the tubular nozzles, the length of the tubular part, the angle of inclination of the nozzle to the axis of the heat exchange pipe, along with the placement of a twisting device in each pipe, provide optimal flow and speed of water, which allows to intensify heat transfer and regulate hydraulic resistance.

In FIG. 1 shows a frontal section of a boiler without a front wall of the housing; and also in an enlarged view, the view of the partition from above I and the section along the nozzle GG; in FIG. 2 is a section along BB of FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 is a section along AA (longitudinal) of FIG. 2;
The boiler includes a housing 1, a firebox 2 located in it with upper 3, rear 4 and side 5 framing screens connected to the upper 6 and lower 7 collectors, as well as a convective part consisting of intermediate screens 8 with upper 9 and lower 10 collectors. The radiation part is separated from the convective by fins 11, which have windows for the passage of flue gases 15. Screens 3, 4, 5, and 8 consist of heat exchange tubes 12, in each of which partitions 13 with two tubular nozzles 14 in each are installed at the water inlet. The nozzles are mounted tangentially to the wall of the heat exchanger pipe, at an angle to its axis parallel to each other. A flue gas duct 15 is provided for removing flue gases. Partitions are installed in the convection part to increase the path and speed of the flue gases 16. Water is supplied through a pipe 17 and a distributing manifold 18. A collection manifold 19 and a pipe 20 are used to drain water into the network.

 The boiler operates as follows. The combustion products from the furnace 2, around the fin wall 11, partitions 16, are washed by the pipes of the side screens 8 and 5 of the convective part. Flue gas removal is carried out through the flue gas duct 15.

 Water circulation and heat transfer in the boiler are carried out as follows.

 Water through the inlet pipe 17 and the collection manifold 18 enters the lower manifold 10, is distributed through the heat exchange pipes 12 of the side screen 8 through the partitions 13 with nozzles 14, rises upward, passing into the upper collector 9. In each pipe, water passing through two nozzles 14 of the partition 13 acquires a two-sided swirling direction with respect to the axis of the pipeline. Then, water enters the upper manifold 6, from where, descending through the partitions 13 with nozzles 14 through the pipes of the side screen 5, it enters the lower collector 7. From the lower collector, water flows through the partitions 13 with nozzles 14 into the pipes of the rear screen 4, and then through the partitions 13 with nozzles 14 - into the pipes of the upper screen 3. Water is discharged into the network from the collection manifold 19 through the pipe 20.

 In the present invention, due to the placement of a twisting device in each heat exchanger pipe, providing two-way rotation of the water flow, its parameters achieve effective heat transfer, the ability to adjust the hydraulic resistance. The proposed boiler is characterized by low metal consumption, easy to manufacture and operate.

Sources of information
1. RF patent 1760997, M.cl. F 24 H 31/34, publ. 1992

 2. RF patent 2059937, M.cl. F 24 H 1/00, publ. 1996 year

 3. RF patent 2018060, M.cl. F 24 H 1/14, publ. 1994 (prototype) t

Claims (1)

 A water boiler containing a housing, a firebox with upper, rear and side screens of heat exchange pipes, intermediate screens of heat exchange pipes installed in the convective part, the pipes of the screens are connected to the respective collectors connected to the water supply and drain system, and also water flow swirling devices installed in heat exchange tubes with baffles on the water inlet side, characterized in that the swirling devices are placed in each heat transfer tube, made in the form of a heap of tubular nozzles mounted on partitions at an angle to the axis of the heat exchanger pipe parallel to each other.

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