RU2033323C1 - Processing line for manufacturing of constructional products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: manufacturing of constructional products. SUBSTANCE: processing line has quarts sand hopper 1, water vessel, alkaline additive vessel, filler hopper 4, sand and water meters 5, 6, quarts sand dryer 7, filling sand hopper 8, dried sand meter 9, tube mill 10, stabilizer 11, viscous suspension meter 12, mixer 13, molding unit 14, automatic charger 15, drier 16, automated layer 17. Tube mill 10 and stabilizer 11 making the base of the processing line provide for obtaining of viscous suspension from natural quarts sands. EFFECT: increased quality of constructional products by obtaining viscous suspensions with predetermined technology parameters. 1 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to a technology for the manufacture of building materials based on natural quartz sand, which is both a filler and a binder, and can be used in the building materials industry.

Known technological line for the production of silicate brick. It is designed for the use of lime-siliceous binder and includes the preparation of lime-siliceous binder and the formation of silicate brick on its basis. Silicate brick production line includes lime and sand silos, lime grinders, sand screens, crushed lime and fractionated sand batchers, a sand and lime mixer, a mill for co-grinding lime and sand and lime-silica binders, binders and sand batchers -filler, twin-shaft mixer for binder and sand, a reactor for extinguishing the mixture, a core mixer, a press with an automatic brick stacker, and then delivering it to the finished goods warehouse [1]
The disadvantages of this line are high metal consumption and low productivity due to the long preparation of knitting and heat treatment, in addition, the technological capabilities of the line are low (it produces only one type of product).

 The closest technical solution to the invention is a technological line for the production of silicate brick using a lime-silica binder.

The line includes a scraper conveyor for feeding lime to the crusher, a sand hopper, a belt feeder for sand to a screen, a vertical bucket elevator for feeding lime to a hopper for sand, a belt feeder for sand from a screen to a hopper for lime and sand, a plate feeder, a tube mill, a screw feeder, an air pump , binder bin, sand and binder mixer, belt conveyor, silo, core mixer belt conveyor, press, automatic stacker, parking trolley, autoclave, crane for loading finished products [2]
The disadvantage of the production line is its high metal consumption due to the large number of processing equipment, low productivity, increased energy costs due to additional processing (binder processing, heat treatment, etc.), the inability to produce a wide range of products, and also the use of scarce and expensive binder (lime, cement).

 The aim of the invention is to expand the technological capabilities of the line.

 The technological line technology is based on the ability of quartz sand crystals to form an active surface layer during tribochemical processing.

After its dehydration during drying, the crystals stick together to form a monolithic, moisture-resistant material with a compressive strength of up to 300 kg / cm ² .

The introduction of various fillers allows you to get building materials with a wide range of properties: high acid and heat resistance, moisture resistance, heat and sound insulation, a wide range of density changes (600-2100 kg / m ³ ). The proposed technology ensures environmental cleanliness at all stages of production, the absence of shrinkage during the drying process and the elimination of the firing operation.

 The tribochemical method of processing sand is characterized by the simplicity of hardware implementation. The basis of the technological complex is a specially developed commercially available tube ball mill. The developed technology can be adapted to almost any sand. The only limiting factor is the presence of iron oxides in the sand, which should not exceed 2%. Adaptation of the technology consists in making some changes in the design of hardware and operating modes.

 The drawing shows a process diagram of a line for the production of wall blocks.

 It contains a silica sand bin 1, a water tank 2, an alkaline additive tank 3, a silo hopper 4, sand and water batchers 5, 6, a quartz sand dryer 7, a sand filler 8 after drying 8, a dried sand batcher 9 .

 Water dispenser DVK-40 type commercially available device. Sand and aggregate batchers are commercially available with volumetric dosing and automatic control. Ball tube mill 10, designed for mixing and grinding of the starting components. According to technological requirements, special mill devices allow for portioned discharge of the suspension during its continuous operation. The stabilizer 11 is a drum made of sheet steel with a thickness of 20 mm A drum having a loading and unloading device rotates on roller bearings with a friction drive through a gearbox through one of the pairs of support rollers. The batching agent dispenser 12 is commercially available. The mixer 13 (serial, stationary, cyclic concrete mixer type SB-80, SB-62) provides a mixture of filler and binder suspension. The forming unit 14 is a multi-position device, including a number of dispensers of the molding mixture, vibrating tables, molding accessories, a mechanism for removing and pushing products from the forming zone.

 Automatic machine 15 (commercially available type SMK-127A) provides laying products on drying trolleys. Trolleys using means 16 for transporting products enter the dryer 17, the design of which depends on the selected energy source and the drying temperature of the products.

 The automatic baler 18 puts the products in a transport bag to send to the warehouse of finished products.

 The technological line works as follows.

 Sand from the quarry is delivered by any means of transport to hopper 1. Part of the sand enters the dryer 7 for drying. Sand is dried in different ways: natural, in a tumble dryer, microwave drying, etc. Dried sand is used as a filler. Another part of the sand of natural humidity enters the site of preparation of the binder concentrated binder suspension (PBC), through a volume or weight batcher 5, and then into a ball mill 10. From another batcher 6, water is supplied from the tank 2 from the tank 2. To accelerate the process of activating the disperse system (sand and water) with one of the components, 3 alkaline additives are introduced from the tank, comprising up to 0.8% of the total mass of the material and providing an alkaline environment of pH 8-10. Thus, the mechanochemical activation of the dispersed system with the formation of a colloidal component is achieved. The mill operates in a continuous mode, the loading of materials and the unloading of the FAC using special devices is carried out portionwise directly during the operation of the unit. A condensing device is installed in the loading part of the mill to prevent steam emissions from the grinding unit.

 From the mill, the cooked FAC enters the stabilizer 11, which is a drive drum with loading and unloading devices. Mechanical gravitational mixing allows you to qualitatively change the properties of the FAC: viscosity and dilatancy, sedimentation stability of the suspension, as well as remove the air captured during grinding of the material. In addition, the stabilizer acts as a FAC drive. The table shows the dependence of the strength of the samples and the viscosity of the PIC on temporary stabilization obtained as a result of research on quartz sand of the Olshansky deposit in the Belgorod region.

 After the stabilizer, the FAC is fed through the batcher 12 to the mixer 13, into which the filler (dry sand) is also loaded. In addition to these components, expanded clay, expanded perlite, or other artificial porous aggregates from hopper 4 can also be loaded. The mixer must ensure thorough mixing of the mixture components and prevent its clumping. The supply of PIC from the mill to the stabilizer and from the stabilizer to the mixer is carried out using a mortar pump, by gravity or in another way.

 From the mixer, the prepared mixture enters the hopper of the forming unit 14. The installation provides the molding of products in the molds by vibrocompression, semi-dry pressing, rolling, or in another way.

The selection of products for their transfer to the dryer 17 is carried out manually or by a automatic machine 15. Depending on the drying method (convective, radiation, microwave, etc.), the design of the dryer and the type of transportation means of the molded products 16, trolleys, conveyors of different designs and etc. With the convective method of drying, the temperature of the drying agent reaches 150 ^about C.

 Unloading and packaging of finished products is carried out manually or by an automatic baler 18.

 The specificity of the manufacturing technology of building materials from quartz sand allows you to create products with a wide range of technical characteristics and operational indicators, provides through the use of various fillers a change in density, thermal conductivity, frost resistance, as well as color and surface quality.

 The almost complete absence of shrinkage of the material allows to obtain products of complex and accurate shape with the presence of profiled surfaces.

 The listed properties of materials based on quartz sand allow you to get a wide variety of building products and structures without the use of binders.

Claims (1)

 A TECHNOLOGICAL LINE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS, containing bins for sand, fillers, water containers, sand dispensers, water, a filler, dried sand, a binder, a dryer, a mixer, a molding unit with a hopper for the molding mixture, an automatic machine, transport for products, a chamber for heat treatment of products, an automatic baler, characterized in that it is equipped with a tube ball mill, a stabilizer, a path for supplying alkaline additives with a dispenser, moreover, pipes Single ball mill is located downstream of the sand supply path, and the stabilizer after the tubular ball mill, wherein the heat treatment chamber is formed as a product of the drying tunnel.

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