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RU2010104010A - CARBON-FREE DISSOCIATION OF WATER AND THE RELATED PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN - Google Patents

CARBON-FREE DISSOCIATION OF WATER AND THE RELATED PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN Download PDF

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RU2010104010A
RU2010104010A RU2010104010/05A RU2010104010A RU2010104010A RU 2010104010 A RU2010104010 A RU 2010104010A RU 2010104010/05 A RU2010104010/05 A RU 2010104010/05A RU 2010104010 A RU2010104010 A RU 2010104010A RU 2010104010 A RU2010104010 A RU 2010104010A
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electrode
duct
cathode
anode
cathode electrode
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RU2010104010/05A
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Russian (ru)
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RU2436729C2 (en
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Джон У. ЭВАНС (US)
Джон У. ЭВАНС
Эдвард Л. КОЙЛ (US)
Эдвард Л. КОЙЛ
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ЭВАКО, ЭлЭлСи. (US)
ЭВАКО, ЭлЭлСи.
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    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • C01B3/042—Decomposition of water
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    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
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    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
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    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
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    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
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Abstract

1. Устройство для получения водорода и кислорода, включающее: ! (а) узел катода, включающий катодный электрод и патрубок электрода, окружающий катодный электрод, причем патрубок электрода имеет первую стенку и вторую стенку, образующие первый проток и второй проток; и ! (b) по меньшей мере, один узел анода, включающий анодный электрод и патрубок электрода, окружающий анодный электрод и образующий, по меньшей мере, один проток. ! 2. Устройство по п.1, в котором катодный электрод включает цилиндрическую основную часть и коническую носовую часть с проводящим наконечником. ! 3. Устройство по п.2, в котором цилиндрическая основная часть и коническая носовая часть изготовлены из одного из высокотемпературных керамических материалов или изолированных металлов, а наконечник изготовлен из вольфрама. ! 4. Устройство по п.1, дополнительно включающее средство внутреннего охлаждения катодного электрода и анодного электрода с использованием жидкого хладагента. ! 5. Устройство по п.4, в котором хладагент представляет собой неводный хладагент. ! 6. Устройство по п.1, дополнительно включающее генератор водяного пара. ! 7. Устройство по п.1, в котором множество анодных электродов размещены на одинаковом расстоянии от узла катода. ! 8. Устройство по п.1, в котором патрубки электрода изготовлены из меди, латуни или керамического материала. ! 9. Устройство для получения водорода, включающее: ! (а) полый цилиндр с ближним и дальним торцами, в котором ближнее торцевое отверстие цилиндра закрыто крышкой, а дальнее торцевое отверстие цилиндра открыто; ! (b) по меньшей мере, один мощный энергетический источник, функционально соединенный с полым цилин 1. A device for producing hydrogen and oxygen, including:! (a) a cathode assembly comprising a cathode electrode and an electrode nozzle surrounding a cathode electrode, the electrode nozzle having a first wall and a second wall forming a first duct and a second duct; and! (b) at least one anode assembly comprising an anode electrode and an electrode nozzle surrounding an anode electrode and forming at least one duct. ! 2. The device according to claim 1, in which the cathode electrode includes a cylindrical main part and a conical nose with a conductive tip. ! 3. The device according to claim 2, in which the cylindrical main part and the conical nose are made of one of high-temperature ceramic materials or insulated metals, and the tip is made of tungsten. ! 4. The device according to claim 1, further comprising means for internal cooling of the cathode electrode and the anode electrode using liquid refrigerant. ! 5. The device according to claim 4, in which the refrigerant is a non-aqueous refrigerant. ! 6. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a water vapor generator. ! 7. The device according to claim 1, in which many anode electrodes are placed at the same distance from the cathode assembly. ! 8. The device according to claim 1, in which the nozzles of the electrode are made of copper, brass or ceramic material. ! 9. A device for producing hydrogen, including:! (a) a hollow cylinder with proximal and distal ends, in which the proximal end hole of the cylinder is closed by a lid and the distal end hole of the cylinder is open; ! (b) at least one powerful energy source operably coupled to hollow qilin

Claims (20)

1. Устройство для получения водорода и кислорода, включающее:1. Device for producing hydrogen and oxygen, including: (а) узел катода, включающий катодный электрод и патрубок электрода, окружающий катодный электрод, причем патрубок электрода имеет первую стенку и вторую стенку, образующие первый проток и второй проток; и(a) a cathode assembly comprising a cathode electrode and an electrode nozzle surrounding a cathode electrode, the electrode nozzle having a first wall and a second wall forming a first duct and a second duct; and (b) по меньшей мере, один узел анода, включающий анодный электрод и патрубок электрода, окружающий анодный электрод и образующий, по меньшей мере, один проток.(b) at least one anode assembly comprising an anode electrode and an electrode nozzle surrounding an anode electrode and forming at least one duct. 2. Устройство по п.1, в котором катодный электрод включает цилиндрическую основную часть и коническую носовую часть с проводящим наконечником.2. The device according to claim 1, in which the cathode electrode includes a cylindrical main part and a conical nose with a conductive tip. 3. Устройство по п.2, в котором цилиндрическая основная часть и коническая носовая часть изготовлены из одного из высокотемпературных керамических материалов или изолированных металлов, а наконечник изготовлен из вольфрама.3. The device according to claim 2, in which the cylindrical main part and the conical nose are made of one of high-temperature ceramic materials or insulated metals, and the tip is made of tungsten. 4. Устройство по п.1, дополнительно включающее средство внутреннего охлаждения катодного электрода и анодного электрода с использованием жидкого хладагента.4. The device according to claim 1, further comprising means for internal cooling of the cathode electrode and the anode electrode using liquid refrigerant. 5. Устройство по п.4, в котором хладагент представляет собой неводный хладагент.5. The device according to claim 4, in which the refrigerant is a non-aqueous refrigerant. 6. Устройство по п.1, дополнительно включающее генератор водяного пара.6. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a water vapor generator. 7. Устройство по п.1, в котором множество анодных электродов размещены на одинаковом расстоянии от узла катода.7. The device according to claim 1, in which many anode electrodes are placed at the same distance from the cathode assembly. 8. Устройство по п.1, в котором патрубки электрода изготовлены из меди, латуни или керамического материала.8. The device according to claim 1, in which the nozzles of the electrode are made of copper, brass or ceramic material. 9. Устройство для получения водорода, включающее:9. A device for producing hydrogen, including: (а) полый цилиндр с ближним и дальним торцами, в котором ближнее торцевое отверстие цилиндра закрыто крышкой, а дальнее торцевое отверстие цилиндра открыто;(a) a hollow cylinder with proximal and distal ends, in which the proximal end hole of the cylinder is closed by a lid and the distal end hole of the cylinder is open; (b) по меньшей мере, один мощный энергетический источник, функционально соединенный с полым цилиндром и способный генерировать высокоэнергетическое поле во внутреннем пространстве полого цилиндра;(b) at least one powerful energy source operably connected to the hollow cylinder and capable of generating a high energy field in the interior of the hollow cylinder; (с) средство подачи в высокоэнергетическое поле во внутреннем пространстве полого цилиндра водяного пара.(c) a means of supplying a high-energy field in the interior of a hollow cylinder of water vapor. 10. Устройство по п.9, дополнительно включающее рубашку охлаждения, окружающую полый цилиндр.10. The device according to claim 9, further comprising a cooling jacket surrounding the hollow cylinder. 11. Устройство по п.9, в котором средство подачи в полый цилиндр пара включает испаритель воды.11. The device according to claim 9, in which the means of supplying a hollow cylinder of steam includes a water evaporator. 12. Устройство по п.9, в котором мощный энергетический источник подобран из группы, в которую входят лазер, высокочастотный радиоволновой излучатель, микроволновый генератор и мощный электромагнит.12. The device according to claim 9, in which a powerful energy source is selected from the group which includes a laser, a high-frequency radio wave emitter, a microwave generator and a powerful electromagnet. 13. Устройство по п.12, в котором полый цилиндр изготовлен из материала, подобранного из группы, в которую входят изолированная медь, изолированная латунь, изолированный алюминий или керамический материал.13. The device according to item 12, in which the hollow cylinder is made of a material selected from the group consisting of insulated copper, insulated brass, insulated aluminum or ceramic material. 14. Способ получения водорода и кислорода, включающий стадии:14. A method of producing hydrogen and oxygen, comprising the steps of: (а) обеспечение узла катода и, по меньшей мере, одного узла анода, где узел катода включает катодный электрод и патрубок электрода, окружающий катодный электрод, причем патрубок электрода имеет первую стенку и вторую стенку, образующие первый проток и второй проток; и где узел анода включает анодный электрод и патрубок электрода, окружающий анодный электрод и образующий, по меньшей мере, один проток;(a) providing a cathode assembly and at least one anode assembly, wherein the cathode assembly includes a cathode electrode and an electrode nozzle surrounding the cathode electrode, the electrode nozzle having a first wall and a second wall forming a first duct and a second duct; and where the anode assembly includes an anode electrode and an electrode nozzle surrounding the anode electrode and forming at least one duct; (b) подведение к катодному электроду электроэнергии с целью создания электрического тока между катодным электродом и, по меньшей мере, одним анодным электродом для образования индуцируемого магнитным полем электрического удерживающего поля;(b) supplying electricity to the cathode electrode to create an electric current between the cathode electrode and at least one anode electrode to form a magnetic field-induced electric confining field; (с) обеспечение потока инертного газа через первый проток в электрическое удерживающее поле с целью создания плазмы возле наконечника катодного электрода;(c) providing an inert gas flow through the first duct into an electric confining field to create a plasma near the tip of the cathode electrode; (d) обеспечение потока водяного пара через второй проток в электрическое удерживающее поле и плазму возле наконечника катодного электрода с целью производства элементарных водорода и кислорода.(d) providing a stream of water vapor through a second duct into an electric confining field and a plasma near the tip of the cathode electrode to produce elemental hydrogen and oxygen. 15. Способ по п.14, в котором инертный газ представляет собой аргон.15. The method according to 14, in which the inert gas is argon. 16. Способ по п.15, в котором аргон подают к каждому электроду с расходом от 8 до 10 станд. куб. футов в час (283-226,5 л/ч).16. The method according to clause 15, in which argon is supplied to each electrode with a flow rate of from 8 to 10 std. cube feet per hour (283-226.5 l / h). 17. Способ по п.15, в котором водяной пар подают, используя генератор водяного пара.17. The method according to clause 15, in which water vapor is supplied using a water vapor generator. 18. Способ по п.14, дополнительно включающий стадии:18. The method of claim 14, further comprising the steps of: (е) воспламенение элементарных водорода и кислорода на выходе из электрического удерживающего поля с целью выработки энергии из элементарного водорода.(e) ignition of elemental hydrogen and oxygen at the outlet of the electric confining field in order to generate energy from elemental hydrogen. 19. Способ по п.14, дополнительно включающий стадию:19. The method according to 14, further comprising a stage: (е) отделение, сбор и хранение элементарных водорода и кислорода, произведенных в электрическом удерживающем поле.(f) separating, collecting and storing elemental hydrogen and oxygen produced in an electric confining field. 20. Способ по п.18, дополнительно включающий стадию:20. The method of claim 18, further comprising the step of: (f) использование энергии, выделяемой элементарными водородом и кислородом, для выработки электроэнергии. (f) using energy released by elemental hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity.
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