RU2237044C1 - Hydrogen-oxygen mixture generator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: device has at least one cylinder with cooling jacket, outlet and inlet valves, piston and cylinder head forming closed volume in the cylinder, crank gear connected to drive and device supplying working mixture. The outlet valve is of self-acting type. The piston has accessible sealed cavity having self-acting inlet valve and cavitation member mounted in inlet canal, electrolyzer supplying constant electric current to its electrodes from power supply source, injector having cavitation member allowing cycle electrolyte dose to be supplied from high pressure pump kinematically linked to the crank gear.

EFFECT: enhanced effectiveness in producing ecologically pure fuel.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to technology for electrochemical production, namely, devices for electrolysis of water, and can be widely used to produce environmentally friendly fuel, mainly for heat supply to the population.

Mankind has a huge supply of water energy / H ₂ O / - hydrogen fuel and an oxidizing agent, you only need to create an acceptable device for its decomposition into its constituent parts. Known used for the electrochemical decomposition of water is an electrolyzer that contains a cylindrical body — an anode, a hollow cathode installed coaxially with the body, a nozzle for introducing an electrolyte and a nozzle with a cut-off for gas outlet, between the anode and the cathode there are concentrically mounted conductive partitions fixed from the ends by dielectric spacers, and a direct current source.

/ RF patent, No. 2034934, C 25 V 9/00, 1/02, 1995 / [1]

A disadvantage of the known cell is the increased energy costs of the electrochemical reaction and low productivity.

The closest in essence to the present invention is a device for producing synthesis gas, which contains a chemical reactor based on an internal combustion engine, including at least one cylinder with a cooling jacket, a piston, a cylinder head, an intake valve for supplying a working mixture, an exhaust valve for removal of reaction products forming a closed volume of the cylinder, a crank mechanism associated with the drive, and a device for supplying the working mixture to the cylinder.

/ RF patent, No. 2119888, 01 B 3/36, 1998 / [2]

The disadvantage of this device is its inappropriateness for the electrochemical decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen.

The technical problem solved by the invention is to create a generator to generate cheap and environmentally friendly fuel.

The problem is solved in that in a generator of a hydrogen-oxygen mixture containing at least one cylinder with a cooling jacket, intake, exhaust valves, a piston and a cylinder head forming a closed cylinder volume, a crank mechanism associated with the drive, for example, from an electric motor, and a device for supplying the working mixture, the exhaust valve is made self-acting, for example, in the form of a compressor discharge valve. The piston is made with a sealed cavity and with access to it, for example, through a detachable, bolted, fixed cover in its bottom. The sealed piston cavity has: an inlet valve made self-acting, the spring stiffness of which is designed to introduce a small, for example 10%, delay in opening the valve. The inlet channel of the inlet valve can be made with a cavitator, for example, made in the form of a streamlined body on the partitions, creating a local narrowing of the channel - nozzle; the electrolyzer is configured to supply direct current to its electrodes from a source, for example, from a battery. The electrodes of the electrolyzer are, for example, made of nickel mesh in the form of a hollow cylinder, which fit into the hermetic cavity of the piston with a gap, which are secured in the piston cavity by dielectric gaskets; the nozzle is made with a cavitator made, for example, in the form of a local narrowing of the channel-nozzle and with the possibility of supplying to the electrolyzer a cyclic dose of the working mixture in the form, for example, of an aqueous solution of caustic potassium, via a spiral electrolyte line, from a pressure source, such as a high-pressure fuel pump, made kinematically connected with a crank mechanism. To monitor the operation of the generator used control devices and automation.

The invention is shown in the drawings, where:

figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a generator;

figure 2 shows a diagram of the creation of cavitation zones in the channels of the nozzle and intake valve.

An example of the implementation of the proposed solution.

The hydrogen-oxygen mixture generator comprises at least one cylinder with a cooling jacket 1 / Fig. 1/, a cylinder head 2 with a self-acting exhaust valve 3, and a piston 4 forming a closed volume of cylinder 5. The piston is made with a sealed cavity 6 and with access to it through a removable piston cover, where installed: inlet valve 7, made self-acting and with a cavitator made on the partitions 8 in the inlet channel; an electrolyzer 9 with cylindrical hollow electrodes 10, to which direct current is supplied through a spiral current path 11 from a current source 12; nozzle 13, made with a cavitator 14 / Fig. 2/, to which the electrolyte for spraying into the electrolyzer comes from a high pressure pump 15, kinematically connected to the crank mechanism 16 through a spiral electrolyte conduit 17. Electrolyte tank 18, drive 19, for example an electric motor, cutter 20 / water seal /, consumer 21, cavitator, made in the form of local narrowing of the channel - nozzle 22, with a cavitation zone 23.

The hydrogen-oxygen mixture generator operates as follows.

Before switching on, the electrolyte tank 18 (Fig. 1) is charged with an electrolyte, for example, an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide. The inclusion of automation on the electrodes 10 of the electrolyzer 9 through the current lead 11 serves direct current from the source 12. Then turn on the drive motor 19, connected to the crank mechanism 16. The piston 4 from TDC moves to the BDC. The outlet discharge valve 3 and the inlet self-acting valve 7 are closed. In the closed volume 5 of the cylinder with the cooling jacket 1, a vacuum is created, and in the cavity 6 of the piston 4 in the electrolyzer 9, the pressure remains the same - excessive, due to which the self-acting inlet valve 7, having overcome the resistance of its spring, opens and the hydrogen-oxygen mixture obtained in the electrolyzer 9 by electrolysis and dissociation of water by the cavitator 14 of the nozzle 13, through the cavitator on the partitions 8 of the inlet channel enters the closed volume of the cylinder 5. In this case, cavitation created by the flow on the partitions 8 of the inlet channel leads to additional dissociation of water and to additional finest atomization of its droplets, which increases the productivity of the device and improves the removal of 5 residual cyclic doses of electrolyte from the cylinder. After balancing the pressure in the cavities 6 of the piston 4 and the closed volume of the cylinder 5, the self-acting inlet valve 7 is closed by the spring force. Immediately then, from the electrolyte tank 18, the fuel pump 15 picks up the cyclic dose of electrolyte and, through the spiral electrolyte line 17, the nozzle 13 with the cavitator 14 / Fig. 2/ under pressure, for example, 2 MPa injects into the electrolyzer 9. The speed of the injected electrolyte in the cavitator 14 of the nozzle 13, in local narrowing 22, increases sharply, and pressure drops to a critical value, and the collapse of the bubbles formed in the cavitation zone 23 leads to the dissociation of water into hydrogen and oxygen and to the finest atomization of the electrolyte in electrolyzer 9. Then when a direct current flows to the electrodes 10 through a spiral current path 11 from a current source 12, electrolysis takes place through atomized electrolyte — decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen. The piston 4 from the BDC moves to the TDC. The outlet discharge valve 3 is open, the inlet self-acting valve 7 is closed. A portion of the hydrogen-oxygen mixture formed in the closed volume of the cylinder 5 and in the electrolyzer 9 under the discharge pressure and through the shut-off device 20 is thrown out by the piston 4 into the discharge line and fed to the consumer 21. And the operating cycles are repeated.

The proposed generator of hydrogen-oxygen mixture in operation is absolutely safe. It will make it possible to widely use cheap and environmentally friendly energy of water / H ₂ O / in the production of thermal energy for the population.

Sources of information

1. RF patent No. 2034934, C 25 B 9/00, 1/02, 1995

2. RF patent No. 2119888, C 01 B 3/36, 1998 - prototype.

Claims (2)

1. The generator of the hydrogen-oxygen mixture containing at least one cylinder with a cooling jacket, inlet, exhaust valves, piston and cylinder head, forming a closed cylinder volume, a crank mechanism associated with the drive, and a device for feeding the working mixture, characterized in that the exhaust valve is made self-acting, the piston is made with a sealed cavity and can be accessed into it, where an inlet valve made self-acting, an electrolyzer configured to continuously supply are installed the current to its electrodes from the current source, and a nozzle made with a cavitator and with the possibility of feeding into the electrolyzer a cyclic dose of electrolyte from a high pressure pump made kinematically connected with a crank mechanism. 2. The generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet channel of the inlet valve is made with a cavitator.

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