RU2400566C1 - Electrolysis cell - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: electrolysis cell has a sealed housing - a cylindrical anode, a cathode, dielectric spacers fixed in the housing-anode cavity, and connection pipes for inlet of electrolyte (aqueous solution of electrolyte) and outlet of gas. The cathode is in form of a perforated cylinder and is concentrically mounted in housing-anode by dielectric perforated spacers. The connection pipe for inlet of electrolyte is made in form of a diffuser with possibility of constant circulatory supply of the electrolyte by a pump and spraying through a nozzle from a tank to the housing-anode, whose bottom part is linked to the tank through a down-flow pipe with a check valve. The connection pipe for outlet of gas is fitted with a drop catcher. ^ EFFECT: increased efficiency of the electrolysis cell. ^ 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the technology of electrochemical production, in particular to the designs of electrolyzers.

A known cell containing a cylindrical body, inside of which is placed a graphite anode with a conical cavity expanding upward and a hollow perforated conical cathode mounted rotatably from the turbine wheel, coaxially with the anode, a fitting for electrolyte inlet - outlet and gas outlet.

/ A.s. USSR, No. 1082866, С25В 9/00, 03/30/1984. [one].

A disadvantage of the known cell is the design complexity and increased power consumption due to the presence of a cathode drive.

Closest to the proposed invention is an electrolyzer containing a cylindrical anode body, a sealed hollow cathode, dielectric gaskets from the ends fixed in the cavity of the anode body, between which cylindrical bipolar electrodes and nozzles for introducing electrolyte and gas outlet are also concentrically mounted.

/ RF patent, No. 2034934, СВВ 9/00, 05/10/1995, /. [2].

A disadvantage of the closest analogue is the low efficiency of the electrolyzer, due to the high resistance to the flow of current through the electrolyte, due to increased gas filling of the electrolyte.

The technical problem solved by the invention is to increase the efficiency of the cell.

The problem is solved in that in an electrolyzer containing a sealed cylindrical anode casing, a cathode fixed with dielectric spacers in the cavity of the anode casing, and nozzles for introducing an electrolyte / aqueous electrolyte solution / and gas outlet, the cathode is made in the form of a perforated cylinder and concentric the anode housing from the ends is fixed in it by dielectric perforated gaskets. The nozzle for introducing the electrolyte is made in the form of a diffuser with the possibility of constantly circulating the pump and spraying the electrolyte nozzle from the electrolyte tank through the diffuser into the anode casing, the bottom of which is connected to the tank with an overflow pipe with a check valve. The pipe for the gas outlet is made equipped with a drop catcher, for example a nozzle made of ceramic rings.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing.

The cell contains a sealed housing-anode 1 of a cylindrical shape. The cathode 2, made in the form of a perforated cylinder and concentric to the anode casing, from the ends of the dielectric perforated gaskets 3 and 4 fixed in it, A pipe 5 for introducing an electrolyte / aqueous electrolyte solution /, made in the form of a diffuser with the possibility of continuously circulating pump 6 and spraying an electrolyte nozzle 7 from the electrolyte tank 8 to the anode casing, the bottom of which is overflow pipe 9 with a check valve 10 in communication with the tank. A pipe 11 for discharging gas from the anode casing is made provided with a drop catcher 12, for example a nozzle made of ceramic rings and a shut-off 13 / water seal /.

The cell operates as follows.

To start the electrolyzer in operation, the tank 8 is charged with an electrolyte, for example, an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide, and a constant electric current, regulated, for example, by the control unit, is supplied from the on-board battery to the electrodes anode 1, cathode 2, for example. Then, the pump 6 is turned on, which takes the electrolyte from the tank 8 under a predetermined pressure and in a constantly circulating mode, through the nozzle 7, feeds and sprays it into the diffuser 5. The electrolyte sprayed by the nozzle 7 in the diffuser 5 expands due to the pressure drop and increase in speed , its droplets are finest sprayed and in the form of fog enter the working cavity - to electrodes 1 and 2 of the electrolyzer. In the electrolyzer, due to the flow of electric current through the electrolyte, water decomposes into hydrogen and oxygen. Then, the resulting gas mixture passes through the perforated gasket 3, in the droplet eliminator 12 it is cleaned of droplets of water and passes through the pipe for the outlet of gas 11 with the cutoff 13 to the gas consumer. In this case, the electrolyte condensed in the bottom of the housing 1 through the overflow tube 9 with a check valve 10 is merged into the electrolyte tank 8 in a somotome and put into reuse.

Compared with the known electrolyzers [2], the proposed one does not have an interelectrode resistance to the flow of electric current through the electrolyte, which ensures an increased yield on the spent current of electrolysis products.

The proposed electrolyzer in operation is highly effective, will be widely used in various industries.

Information sources

1. A.S. USSR, No. 1082866, С25В 9/00, 03/30/1984

2. RF patent, No. 2034934. СВВ 9/00, 05/10/1995 - a prototype.

Claims (1)

An electrolyzer containing a sealed cylindrical anode body, a cathode fixed with dielectric gaskets in the cavity of the anode body, and nozzles for introducing an electrolyte (an aqueous electrolyte solution) and gas outlet, characterized in that the cathode is made in the form of a perforated cylinder and concentric with the anode body from the ends it is fixed in it with dielectric perforated gaskets, the nozzle for introducing the electrolyte is made in the form of a diffuser with the possibility of a continuously circulating pump feed and atomization by an electric nozzle ita from the tank into the housing, the anode, the bottom of which an overflow pipe with a check valve communicates with the tank for pipe provided with gas outlet configured kapleulavlivatelem.

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