RU2053439C1 - Solid fuel combustion furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: individual facilities. SUBSTANCE: water path and gas duct of furnace are made as single spiral channel with counterflow of coolant within it. Water path may be made in the form of spiral chute carrying loose material. Used as the latter is river sand, clay filler, or crushed metal chips. EFFECT: simplified design. 3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the combustion of fuel and can be used as a household stove designed to heat water, for example, drinking water in an individual household.

 A household stove type stove is widely known, made in the form of a thin-walled metal cylinder mounted vertically and equipped with a combustion chamber and an exhaust pipe. A variety of solid fuels were burned in such an oven. The furnace was quickly heated and also cooled rapidly.

 The main disadvantage of the furnace is its low profitability.

 The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed furnace is a solid fuel burning furnace selected as a prototype, comprising a vertically arranged cylindrical body with a combustion chamber, a loading pipe, a water jacket (water conduit) and a spiral heat conduit through which hot flue gases and which is wound around a central loading pipe.

 In the design of this furnace, the water jacket or conduit through which the heated water circulates is an annular cylindrical conduit that surrounds the spiral duct outside, which limits the possibility of heat transfer and, therefore, reduces the efficiency of the furnace.

 The technical task of the invention is to create a design of such a furnace, which would have high heat transfer properties due to more efficient use of the calorific value of combustible solid fuel.

 The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in a furnace for burning solid fuel containing a vertically arranged cylindrical body with a combustion chamber, a loading pipe, a water conduit and a spiral duct, the cavity of the conduit and the duct is made in the form of a single (common) spiral channel with a countercurrent in it of water and hot combustion products. The water conduit is also filled with an inert water-heating material, which can be used river sand, expanded clay, crushed metal chips or other suitable material.

 The proposed furnace differs from the prototype in that the cavity of the duct and the heat pipe are combined into one common spiral channel, in which there is an oncoming movement of the heated water and hot flue gases. At the same time, the water conduit is made in the form of separate segments-gutters, overlapped with each other, forming a continuous spiral wound around a central loading pipe. The spiral chute is filled with an inert water-heating material, such as river sand, expanded clay or crushed metal chips.

 During the operation of the furnace, hot flue gases rise up the labyrinth formed by the groove of the water conduit, wound in a spiral around the central loading pipe. In this case, the heated water moves towards the heat flow, circulating through an inclined conduit.

 Due to this, the residence time of hot combustion products in the furnace is extended, due to which the efficiency of the process of heating water increases. Sand or expanded clay, or other, inert to combustion, but long retaining heat material, filled up at the bottom of each segment of the grooved conduit, contributes to a more intense heating of the water, slowing down heat loss.

 Therefore, the features that distinguish the proposed furnace from the prototype are essential and sufficient to achieve a technical result.

 The following is an example of a specific embodiment of a solid fuel combustion furnace.

 In FIG. 1 schematically shows a solid fuel combustion furnace, cross section; in FIG. 2 wire frame for mounting segments of the spiral groove; in FIG. 3 separate segment of the spiral groove.

The solid fuel combustion furnace consists of a vertically arranged cylindrical body 1, which is a reinforced concrete well ring or a bar of wooden reinforcement coated with clay. Case 1 is mounted on four stone supports 2 at a distance of 10-20 cm above the ground. On the same supports 2, a grate 3 of the combustion chamber is mounted, under which an ash pan 4 made of tin is located. Inside the casing 1, a central loading pipe 5 made of ceramic and a wire frame 6 are installed. The pipe 6 is mounted in the hole provided in the reinforced concrete plate 7 mounted on the upper section of the housing 1. The frame 6 is also mounted on the upper section of the housing 1. On the wire jumpers frame 6 mounted tin channels 8, made in the form of separate segments connected to each other overlap so that in the assembled position the gutters form a spiral tray or channel with an angle of about 15 ^about , encircling the central loading pipe 5.

 In the bottom of each grooved segment 8, transverse corrugations 9 are made, protruding into the groove to a height of 3 mm and spaced 30 mm apart. The lower outlet of the spiral channel is equipped with a hose 10.

 In the upper plate 7, an opening 11 is provided for a water intake funnel 12 and an opening 13 for a chimney pipe 14. The upper opening of the loading pipe 5 is closed by a cover 15.

 The grooved spiral channel is filled with an inert water-heating material, for example river sand, at 1/3 of the height of the groove. The channel is closed from above by spiral segments-covers 16. Corrugations 9, made in the bottom of each segment-trough 8, prevent sand from pouring down under the action of a stream of water.

 A water tank 17 is installed on the stove 7, equipped with a hose 18 with a throttle valve 19. A tank 20 for collecting hot water is placed near the furnace.

 The furnace operates as follows.

 During ignition, solid fuel is loaded through the loading pipe 5 onto the grate 3, through which air enters the furnace chamber of the furnace. Firewood, coal, peat, wood chips, shavings, dung, waste paper and other combustible waste can be used as solid fuel. They set fire to the fuel, then direct the end of the hose 18 to the funnel 12 and open the throttle valve 19. Water begins to flow into the grooved spiral channel filled with sand, flowing down it into the lower part of the furnace. At the same time, hot flue gases rise up the labyrinth formed by the spiral chute and exit through the chimney 14. In this case, the spiral chute is intensely heated with the sand in it, as a result of which the water flowing through the chute is heated, which drains along the chute the hose 10 into the tank 20 for hot water.

 The fuel loaded into the pipe 5, burning, is gradually lowered into the combustion chamber. An ash collector 4 is used to remove ash.

 In addition to a significant increase in the efficiency of the proposed design due to the more efficient use of the calorific value of the combusted fuel, the proposed furnace design is simple and compact, which allows it to be widely used in individual farms, as well as in farms for quick heating of water and for heating of the utility room if the furnace is installed inside such premises.

 If instead of a prefabricated water pipe (pos. 8 and 16), it is made completely welded, and valve 19 is installed on the drain 10, then tanks 17 and 20 will not be required, and heated water will retain heat for a long time due to its thermal insulation by cylinder 1, stove 7 and pipe 5.

Claims (3)

 1. FURNACE FOR COMBUSTION OF SOLID FUEL, containing a vertically arranged cylindrical body with a combustion chamber, a loading pipe, a water duct, characterized in that the water path and duct is made in the form of a single spiral channel with a countercurrent in it of water and hot flue gases.  2. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the water path is made in the form of a spiral tray filled with bulk material.  3. The furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that river sand, or expanded clay, or crushed metal chips are used as bulk material.

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