RU171217U1 - Grain Separator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering. The separator of the grain mixture contains a receiving and loading device connected through a window with a separating channel, in which the upper part is connected to the reception chamber of light impurities with a fan, and in the lower part there is a device for outputting refined grain and a multi-feed belt auger. The working surface of the multi-feed tape auger is framed with bristle elements of elastic material for contact with the inner surface of the sieve, coaxially placed under the multi-feed tape auger located in the separating channel. The cross-sectional area of the lower part of the separation channel is larger than the cross-sectional area of the upper part. At the same time, the multi-start tape auger is sequentially located in the separating channel and the device for removing large impurities. Rods - agitators are radially mounted on the shaft of the multi-feed tape auger, and its part, located in the device for removing large impurities, is placed in a cylindrical sieve, supported by rollers, one of which is connected with a mechanical drive. A cleaning device is mounted on the inner surface of the large impurity output device with the possibility of contact with the outer surface of the cylindrical sieve. The inventive utility model solves the problem of increasing the efficiency of cleaning the grain mixture. 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, and in particular to devices for cleaning the grain mixture.

A known grain mixture separator comprising a loading and receiving device, a screw, a separation channel connected by its upper end to a light impurity reception chamber with a diametrical fan installed in the upper part, the discharge pipe of which is connected through the air supply channel to the lower part of the separation channel in which the output device is located purified grain, a throttle valve located in the air supply channel. In this case, the auger is located sequentially in the receiving-loading device, the separating channel and the device for removing large impurities. Elements for mixing the grain mixture are rigidly fixed on a section of the screw located in the separating channel, a sieve is coaxially placed under it, and a deflector is installed below (Patent RU No. 2428001, IPC A01F 12/44, B07B 4/00, published 2011).

The disadvantage of the described separator is the low efficiency of cleaning the grain mixture, due to the difficulty of separating part of the light impurities due to the grain mixture entering the sieve in a dense stream, which facilitates the capture and removal of a certain part of light impurities from the separator along with cleaned grain, as well as an increase in the speed of the air flow passing through openings of the sieve, due to the implementation of the separating channel with a constant cross-sectional area, creating additional air resistance ear due to the use of a screw of the described design and the presence of accumulation of straw impurities on the sieve, preventing the passage of clean grain through the sieve.

Closest to the proposed utility model in terms of technical nature and the achieved result (prototype) is a grain separator containing a pick-and-place device connected through a window with a separating channel communicated by the upper part with a light impurities receiving chamber with a diametrical fan installed in the upper part, and a discharge the nozzle of which is connected through the air supply channel to the lower part of the separating channel, in which the device for outputting refined grain is located, throttle a flap placed in the air supply channel, and a screw, under which the sieve is coaxially placed, the screw is taped and installed in the lower part of the separating channel, the cross-sectional area of which is larger than the cross-sectional area of its upper part, while a guide element is located in the separating channel between the window and the screw . In addition, the tape auger can be multi-start, and the working surface of the tape auger can be framed by bristle elements made of elastic material designed to contact the inner surface of the sieve (Patent RU No. 2503169, IPC A01F 12/44, B07 / B4 / 00 publ. 2013).

The disadvantage of the described separator is the low efficiency of cleaning the grain mixture due to the movement of the grain mixture towards the wall of the separating channel, which leads to the accumulation of the grain mixture at the wall and further descent from the sieve together with large impurities, increasing grain loss.

The proposed utility model solves the problem of increasing the efficiency of cleaning the grain mixture.

To achieve this technical result, the separator of the grain mixture containing the receiving and loading device, connected through a window with a separating channel, in which the upper part is connected to the reception chamber of light impurities with a fan, and in the lower part there is a device for removing purified grain and a multi-feed belt auger, working the surface of which is framed with bristle elements of elastic material for contact with the inner surface of the sieve, coaxially placed under the section one tape auger located in the separating channel, the cross-sectional area of the lower part of which is larger than the cross-sectional area of the upper part, while the multi-feed tape screw is sequentially located in the separating channel and the output device of large impurities, equipped with agitator rods radially mounted on the shaft of the multi-feed tape screw, part which, located in the output device of large impurities, is placed in a cylindrical sieve, supported by rollers, one of which is connected with a mechanical drive, and and on the inner surface of the device for removing large impurities, a cleaning device is fixed with the possibility of contact with the outer surface of the cylindrical sieve.

Improving the efficiency of cleaning the grain mixture, due to the creation of conditions for uniform distribution of the grain mixture along the sieve and eliminating its accumulation at the wall of the separating channel, as well as the presence of additional separation of the grain mixture when passing through the cylindrical sieve, is achieved by the fact that the separator is equipped with agitator rods radially fixed on the shaft of a multi-feed tape auger, a part of which is located in the output device of large impurities, is placed in a cylindrical sieve supported I’m on rollers, one of which is connected with a mechanical drive, and on the inner surface of the device for removing large impurities, a cleaning device is fixed with the possibility of contact with the outer surface of the cylindrical sieve.

The proposed utility model is illustrated in the drawing, where in FIG. 1 shows a grain mixture separator, front view; in FIG. 2 is the same, section AA, in FIG. 3 - the same, section BB.

In addition, in FIG. 1, 2 and 3 arrows show:

зерновая смесь;

grain mixture;

воздушный поток;

air flow;

легкие примеси;

light impurities;

очищенное зерно;

refined grain;

крупные примеси;

large impurities;

направление вращения шнека, цилиндрического решета и ролика.

direction of rotation of the screw, cylindrical sieve and roller.

The separator of the grain mixture contains a pick-and-place device 1 connected through a window 2 with a separating channel 3. The window 2 can be made across the width of the separating channel 3, in which the upper part is connected to the camera 4 for receiving light impurities with a fan 5 installed in the upper part. at the bottom of the separating channel 3 there is a device 6 for output of refined grain and a multi-feed belt auger 7, the working surface of which is framed with bristle elements 8 of elastic material for contact with the inner the surface of the sieve 9, coaxially placed under the site of the multi-feed tape screw 7, located in the separating channel 3, the cross-sectional area of the lower part of which is larger than the cross-sectional area of its upper part. In this case, the multi-start tape screw 7 is sequentially located in the separating channel 3 and the large impurity output device 10. The grain mixture separator is equipped with agitator rods 11 radially mounted on the shaft 12 of the multi-feed tape screw 7, part of which is located in the large impurity output device 10 into a cylindrical sieve 13, based on rollers 14, one of which is connected with a mechanical drive (not shown in the drawing) and leads to the rotation of the cylindrical sieve 13 in the opposite direction to a multiple screw conveyor screw 7. On the inner surface of the device 10 output large impurities fixed cleaning device 15, for example a brush, with the possibility of contact with the outer surface of the cylindrical sieve 13.

The discharge pipe of the fan 5 is connected to the atmosphere through filters 16 (Fig. 1). At the bottom of the chamber 4 receiving light impurities is a device 17 output light impurities, such as a lock gate. In the lower part of the receiving-loading device is located feeder 18.

The grain separator works as follows.

The grain mixture from the receiving-loading device 1 through the feeder 18 is thrown through the window 2 into the separation channel 3. The upward air flow created by the fan 5 blows the grain mixture. Light particles are carried away by air upward and, passing through the upper part of the separation channel 3, fall into the chamber 4 for receiving light impurities. Since the cross section of the chamber 4 for receiving light impurities is several times larger than the cross section of the upper part of the separating channel 3, the air velocity decreases sharply, while the light particles sink to the bottom of the chamber 4 and enter the device 17 for output of light impurities. The remaining processed material, together with large impurities having a soaring speed greater than the air speed in the separating channel 3, enters the sieve 9, and then move along it with the screw 7, being placed in a thin layer. Since the screw 7 is installed in the lower part of the separating channel 3, the cross-sectional area of which in the installation area of the screw 7 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the upper part, the air velocity above the sieve 9 is reduced, allowing the material to be lowered onto the sieve 9. The air velocity in the holes of the sieve 9 becomes higher than the rate of rotation of the straw fraction of the processed material, but lower than the rate of grain flow, ensuring the passage of the latter through the openings of the sieve 9. When moving the grain mixture through the sieve 9, agitator rods 11 additional mixing of the grain mixture is prevented, which prevents the creation of a layer of coarse impurities on the sieve 9, which impedes the passage of refined grain through the openings of the sieve 9. Large impurities with a part of the grain go into the placement zone of the cylindrical sieve 13, which rotates in the direction opposite to the screw 7 rotation, providing additional separation of grain. The cleaned grain through the holes of the cylindrical sieve 13 enters the device 6 output of cleaned grain (Fig. 1), and large impurities screw 7 are carried away in the device 10 output large impurities (Fig. 2).

Thus, the use of the proposed utility model improves the efficiency of cleaning the grain mixture.

Claims (1)

Grain mixture separator containing a loading device connected through a window with a separating channel, in which the upper part is connected to a light impurity receiving chamber with a fan, and the purified grain output device and a multi-feed belt auger, the working surface of which is framed, are located in the lower part bristles made of elastic material for contact with the inner surface of the sieve, coaxially placed under the section of the multiple feed belt screw located in the separator the channel, the cross-sectional area of the lower part of which is larger than the cross-sectional area of the upper part, while the multi-feed tape auger is sequentially located in the separating channel and the output device of large impurities, characterized in that it is equipped with agitator rods radially mounted on the shaft of the multi-feed tape auger, part of which located in the output device of large impurities, is placed in a cylindrical sieve, supported by rollers, one of which is connected with a mechanical drive, and on the inner surface large impurity output devices, a cleaning device is fixed with the possibility of contact with the outer surface of the cylindrical sieve.

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