RU1790379C - Feed additive for cows - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to feed production. SUBSTANCE: meal of thistle fruit is used as a feed additive for cows - a waste product of the drug Silibor, which is fed in addition to the main diet, which consists of hay, straw, silage and grain mix.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to cow feeds.

A known feed additive for cows, which is used as a waste product from the production of food yeast - centrate.

The disadvantages of the prototype include a limited source of feed additives - only waste production of food yeast.

The aim of the invention is to expand the animal feed base and increase the milk production of cows.

This goal is achieved through the use of thistle fruit thistle meal, the waste product of the drug Silibor, as a feed additive for cows.

The beneficial effect of using the invention will be obtained by expanding the animal feed base, improving the well-being of cows and increasing milk yield.

Wastes for the manufacture of a medicinal product silibor are fed in addition to the main diet of animals, consisting of hay, straw, silage and grain mixtures in an amount up to 10% of the daily ration.

The meal in the manufacture of the drug Silibor from the fruits of milk thistle is obtained as follows. The preparation of the alcohol-water extract of milk thistle fruit is carried out according to the countercurrent principle in the extraction battery. The crushed fruits of milk thistle with a particle size of 0.5-2 mm are loaded into four series-connected extractors. Extraction was carried out with 80% alcohol. In each extractor, the raw material is insisted 18 ± 2 hours. The saturated extract is collected from the fourth extractor. A fifth fresh feed extractor is used as a substitute. After extraction, depleted raw materials are processed

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evaporated to distill off alcohol residues. In this case, the temperature of the feed rises to 90-96 ° C. The distillation of alcohol is stopped if the strength of the distillation alcohol is not higher than 1-2%. The remaining waste material - meal, upon reaching a temperature of 30-40 ° C, is discharged from the extractor and disposed of in a landfill. Up to 410 kg of meal from one plant, which amounts to hundreds of tons per year, are thrown into a landfill per day.

Wastes from the production of silibor calculated on absolutely dry matter contain,%: moisture 5.70; dry matter 94.30; nitrogen 2.76; protein 17.22; ash 4.98; fiber 42.74; fat 22.90; Bev 6.46. One kilogram of waste contains: feed units 0.69 kg, digestible protein 146.37 g, calcium 9.60, phosphorus 6.70 g. Based on natural moisture, meal contains,%: total moisture 41.27; moisture moisture 5.70; dry matter 58.73; nitrogen 1.62; protein 10.12; ash 2.93: fiber 25.12; fat 13.45; Bev 7.11. One kilogram contains: feed units 0.42 kg, digestible protein 86.02 g, calcium 5.70 g, phosphorus 3.90 g. Carotene, hydrogen ions, lactic acid and acetic acid were not found in the waste.

The use of waste from the production of silibor as a feed additive in the diet of cows is favored by the prolonged heat treatment of meal with steam at 90-96 ° С. In this case, cellulose swelling and loosening, an increase in the volume of submicroscopic capillaries, which contributes to better digestion of this additive, and together with it (due to the high content of total moisture) and the rest of the feed. In addition, this supplement has a medicinal and prophylactic effect on cows, as it contains up to 0.2% flavolignans.

Testing of silibor production waste as a feed additive was carried out on five experimental groups of cows in an amount of 50 animals each. The control group of cows in the amount of 50 goals received a generally accepted diet consisting of hay,

straw, silage and grain mixtures, and the experimental groups received additional waste from the production of silibor. In the first experimental group of cows, this waste was given instead of part of the meadow hay, in the second - instead

part of barley straw, in the third - instead of part of the corn silage, in the fourth - instead of part of the grain mixture, in the fifth - in addition to the diet. Within 30 days 1 kg of silibor production waste was added to the feed, followed by another 30 days. 2 kg and another 30 days. 3 kg per head per day. For all groups, milk yield per cow per day was controlled.

Based on the conducted OP.

it can be concluded that feeding dairy cows as a feed additive for the production waste of the drug Silibor will expand the feed base of animal husbandry and increase

milk productivity of cows by 0.4-13% with a decrease in their incidence.

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The claimed invention is of considerable interest.

for the national economy, since it allows expanding the feed base of animal husbandry, replacing part of the deficient feed in the diet of cows (especially in winter and spring), and increasing the milk productivity of cows,

Dispose of the waste products from the manufacture of the medicinal product Silibor not polluting the environment.

In addition, the use of a substance containing residues of the active drug substance as a feed additive has a beneficial effect on the health of cows, especially young animals.