RU1782379C - Method of rootstock and offset weed control - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the protection of plants. The purpose of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of the control of rhizome and root shoot weeds by their more complete removal. By combining the methods of deep cultivating and cultivating weeds by pulling them over the aerial part, a high degree of field cleaning from weed rhizomes is achieved. Deep loosening ensures the complete extraction of rhizomes from the soil, without the remnants of the torn parts of the rhizomes. Fertilization provides weed extraction without skipping individual plants. 1 wpp, 5 ill.

Description

The invention relates to forestry and agricultural machinery, in particular to cultivators for continuous and inter-row tillage.

The preferred area of application is the cultivation of plantation forest and row crops in open areas without insurmountable obstacles in the form of stumps, deadwood, stones, etc.

Known methods of dealing with weeds, aimed at the physical destruction of it or depletion of nutrients in the rhizomes.

A known method of weed control by cutting their rhizomes with passive working bodies in the form of lancet paws and razor blades. The main disadvantage of this method, based on the principle of depletion of the supply of nutrients in the rhizomes by their repeated cutting, is the extremely large labor costs for repeated processing of one and a single season

the same area to kill weeds growing from the lower parts of the rhizome remaining in the soil after each cutting of their upper parts.

A known method of killing weeds by stripping off the topsoil and forming a ridge from it, followed by milling. The disadvantage of this method is low efficiency due to the possibility of subsequently abundant propagation of weeds by a vegetative method from many small roots obtained by cutting large rhizomes into parts.

A known method of inter-row cultivation of row crops by cutting weeds by rotary working bodies. A disadvantage of this method is also low efficiency due to the possibility of intensive development of weeds in the future due to the lower parts of the rhizomes remaining intact in the soil after cutting from the upper parts.

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ABOUT

There is a known method of weeding weeds by pulling them out of uncultivated soil. The disadvantage of this method is still low efficiency due to the possibility of intensive growth of weeds in the future, since the lower parts of the rhizomes remain intact in the soil after separation of the upper parts.

There is a known method of weeding weeds, which involves combing them onto the surface of the soil: ripening soil with a superficially CTHoiro soil layer with loosening paws. In spite of the rather high efficiency of the method for combing short roots due to preliminary surface loosening of the soil, this method is also not without quite significant drawbacks, consisting in incomplete combing of long rhizomes due to cutting by their cultivating paws and due to clipping | 6a following the preliminary loosening of the soil only to an extremely shallow depth. The possibility of preliminary loosening of y (yeva to the entire depth of the bulk of the root mass) is due to the destruction of the slopes of the ridges and also due to the inevitable cutting in cultivated plants of horizontal and horizontal sloping bumps that are located in the working area of the loosening legs the soil in the direction from top to bottom.As a result of this treatment, the possibility of abundant growth of weeds is not excluded in the future, and the possibility of their destruction in the late phases of development (with a large length of rhizomes) becomes a problem matichnoy

Closest to the invention, a technical solution is a method for controlling a creeping wheatgrass. The method includes deep plowless loosening of the soil by plane cutters and removing weeds from the soil by combing with KPG-250 rum V. NedzhgatSh ShssGkgG the effectiveness of weed control is determined only by their partial removal from the soil. In the irrigation system, weed and soil weeds have made it possible to locate the working organs in the area where the rhizomes are located in parallel with the direction of diving. High completeness of weeding is generally impossible due to the displacement of most of the weeds away from the chisels, without any extraction to the surface. With: a shallow depth of travel of the bits, their lower parts with an acute angle of entry into the soil really contribute to a fairly complete combing out of weeds located strictly in front of them with small lengths, i.e. finely spaced roots, but

however, the largest part of the largest rhizomes remains in the soil due to their horizontal cutting by the cutting edges of the bits. With a sufficiently large depth of the bit travel (below the level of the location of the main mass of rhizomes), although a partial rise of the main mass of rhizomes occurs, and significant cutting of them is excluded, it is also not possible to extract them to the soil surface due to its location at the level of its zero surface that part of the bits / which has a direct or negative angle of entry into the soil, In this case, the rhizomes, partially raised by the lower parts of the bits, are squeezed or pressed into the soil by the upper parts of the bits . In this case, the rhizomes inevitably become chiselled and the rhizomes are clogged with rhizomes, or the rhizomes are shifted away from the chisels, remaining in the soil without being removed to the surface. Thus, combing rhizomes with chisels does not achieve the main goal in weed control - the most complete removal of rhizomes from the soil.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of weed control by their more complete removal.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of controlling rhizome and root-weed weeds, including deep non-soil cultivation of weeds and removal of weeds from the soil, non-soil cultivation is carried out to the depth of the main mass of weed rhizomes in the direction from bottom to top, and wire weeds are removed t by pulling them out of the soil from bottom to top beyond the basal and / or above-ground part, followed by destruction or removal outside the cultivated area. In addition, in landings with a row crop placement, deep landless cultivation is carried out only under crop rows.

In FIG. 1 shows a variant of agrotechnical care of forest crops created at the level of the zero soil surface; in FIG. 2 - the same for crops that are on the roads; in FIG. 3 - the same for planting material grown in forest and fruit nurseries, as well as for vegetable crops grown in vegetable gardens; in FIG. 4 - the same for row crops; in FIG. 5 is a variant of weeding weeds during continuous cultivation of soil, for example, in pairs.

Example 1, In the process of weeding

weed 1 during agrotechnical care

forest crops 2, created at the level of the zero surface of the soil (Fig. 1), a flat-cutting worker, organ 4 for soilless loosening of soil is dragged under a row of crops 2 to the depth of the bulk of the rhizomes of weeds 1, and working bodies 5 for pulling ( weeding) weeds 1 - along the edges of the crop rows 2 above weeds 1. In this case, the soil is loosened loosely from bottom to top, and weeds are removed from the soil by pulling them (soaking) from the bottom up behind the basal and / or aerial part with after uyuschim destruction or removal beyond the treated area.

For example, a two-post plane cutter can be used as a working body for subsurface soil cultivation, and various rotary harrows, drums with teeth, etc. can be used as a working body for pulling (grazing) weeds.

As a result of the passage of the cultivator, the soil surface at the site of subsurface loosening b returns above the zero soil surface 3 by a. Due to loosening and swelling of the soil, the pulling out (weeding) of weeds 1 is facilitated, and at the same time, the air regime of the soil in the places of crop development is improved.

Example 2. In the process of weeding weeds 1 during agrotechnical care of forest crops 2, created on blocks 6 (Fig. 2), a plane-cutting working body 4 is dragged under the rowless cultivation of soil in the direction from bottom to top under crop row 2, and the working bodies 5 for pulling out (weaning) weeds 1 - along the edges of crop rows 2 above weeds 1. At the same time, the edge of each working body 5 abuts against the bottom of the draining groove 3, which ensures the stability of the cultivator travel along the width of the cultivator without cutting crops 2.

Due to loosening and swelling of the soil by means of the working body 4, pulling out of weeds is facilitated. 1. At the same time, the air regime of the soil in places of crop development is improved.

Example 3. In the process of weeding weeds 1 during agrotechnical care of planting material in forest and fruit nurseries, as well as for vegetable crops 2 in the gardens created on ridges 3, the plane-cutting working body 4 is dragged along the topsoil loosening soil from bottom to top roots of crops 2, and working bodies 5 for pulling out (grazing) weeds 1 - between crops 2 over weeds 1.

As a result of the passage of the cultivator, the surface of the soil at the site of the subsurface loose-5 laziness b rises above the initial surface of the row 3 by a. Due to loosening and swelling of the soil, pulling out the fertilization of any weeds, including rhizome and root-shoots, is facilitated. At the same time, the air regime of the soil is improved at the places where the planting material is developed.

Example 4. In the process of weeding weeds 1 during inter-row processing

5 row cultivated agricultural crops 2, created on ridges 6, a flat-cutting working body 4 is dragged under the roots of crops 2 along the moldless loosening of soil in the direction from bottom to top, and workers

0 organs 5 for pulling out (grazing) weeds 1 - on the slopes of ridges 6 over weeds 1.

Due to loosening and swelling of the soil, pulling out (weeding out) of weeds from the slopes of ridges b, as well as from the middle of inter-rows, from furrows 3 is facilitated. At the same time, the air regime of the soil in the places of crop development is improved.

Example 5. In the process of weeding

0 weeds 1 during continuous cultivation of the soil, for example in a steam field, a plane-cutting working body 4 is dragged under the roots of weeds 1 along the bottomless loosening of soil in the direction from bottom to top, and

5 working body 5 for pulling out (grazing) weeds 1 - above the soil (svrn kami 1).

As a result of the passage of the cultivator, the surface of the soil at the site of subsurface looseness 6 rises above the zero surface of the soil by a. Due to loosening and swelling of the soil, pulling out (grazing out) of any weeds, including rhizomes and rootstock 5, is facilitated.

Thus, in all cases of weeding of weeds 1, at first, the soil is loosened loosely to the depth of the bulk of the rhizomes

0 Then, the working body 5 pulls (pulls) weeds from deeply loosened soil.

The positive effect is to improve the quality of technological

Claims (2)

5 process and increase economic indicators by reducing the need for new techniques for weeding weeds, i.e. in reducing the total number of agrotechnical cares, the possibility of effective weed control in their late stages of development, by increasing the degree of loosening of VJ of arable soil, and also in increasing the productivity of crops (growth in forests and agricultural yields) by improving the degree of soil aeration in places of their development. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 1. A method for controlling rhizome and root shoot weeds, including deep soilless loosening and removal of weeds from the soil, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency weed control is carried out by more complete removal, dumping is carried out to the depth of the bulk of the rhizomes of weeds from bottom to top, and weeds are removed by pulling them from the bottom up above the aerial part and then destroying them or moving them outside the cultivated area. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that. that on plantings with a row of crops, deep landless cultivation is carried out only under rows  $ .2 4 Fiz. c5 i c & e. 4 W Jc h -...,. .and. -L A. -   g r .. - /. -l 7.: -J   I. XNV N AXVi XV / AXNWvX OEie. 5 ME Ј Jc LChU I I