KR20190035717A - 니켈망간 복합 수산화물과 그 제조 방법, 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질과 그 제조 방법, 및 비수계 전해질 이차 전지 - Google Patents
니켈망간 복합 수산화물과 그 제조 방법, 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질과 그 제조 방법, 및 비수계 전해질 이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20190035717A KR20190035717A KR1020197002955A KR20197002955A KR20190035717A KR 20190035717 A KR20190035717 A KR 20190035717A KR 1020197002955 A KR1020197002955 A KR 1020197002955A KR 20197002955 A KR20197002955 A KR 20197002955A KR 20190035717 A KR20190035717 A KR 20190035717A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- positive electrode
- nickel
- complex hydroxide
- active material
- electrode active
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 194
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- ZAUUZASCMSWKGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese nickel Chemical compound [Mn].[Ni] ZAUUZASCMSWKGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 122
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- ZYXUQEDFWHDILZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ni].[Mn].[Li] Chemical compound [Ni].[Mn].[Li] ZYXUQEDFWHDILZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
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- KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Mn].[Co].[Ni] KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 10
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- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
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- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni] RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001428 transition metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
일반식 (1): NixMnyMz(OH)2+α로 표시되고, 복수의 1차 입자가 응집한 2차 입자로 구성된 니켈망간 복합 수산화물이며, X선 회절 측정에 의해 얻어지는 (001)면의 회절 피크의 반가폭이 0.10° 이상 0.40° 이하이고, 〔(2차 입자 내부의 공극 면적/2차 입자의 단면적)×100〕(%)로 표현되는 소밀도가 0.5% 이상 10% 이하인 니켈망간 복합 수산화물 및 그 제조 방법 등을 제공한다.
Description
도 2는, 본 실시 형태의 니켈망간 복합 수산화물의 제조 방법의 일례를 도시하는 도면이다.
도 3은, 본 실시 형태의 리튬니켈망간 복합 산화물의 일례를 도시하는 모식도이다.
도 4는, 본 실시 형태의 리튬니켈망간 복합 산화물의 제조 방법의 일례를 도시하는 도면이다.
도 5는, 본 실시 형태의 니켈망간 복합 수산화물의 외관 및 단면의 일례를 나타내는 사진이다.
도 6은, 본 실시 형태의 정극 활물질의 외관 및 단면의 일례를 나타내는 사진이다.
도 7은, 전자선 후방 산란 회절법(EBSD)을 사용하여 정극 활물질의 결정 배향성을 평가하는 방법의 설명도이다.
도 8은, 전지 특성의 평가에 사용한 코인형 전지의 개략 단면도이다.
도 9는, 교류 임피던스법에 의해 얻어지는 나이키스트 플롯의 일례를 도시하는 도면이다.
도 10은, 임피던스 평가의 해석에 사용한 등가 회로를 도시하는 개략 설명도이다.
2: 1차 입자(니켈망간 복합 수산화물)
3: 2차 입자(니켈망간 복합 수산화물)
4: 공극(니켈망간 복합 수산화물)
d: 2차 입자의 입경
10: 정극 활물질
11: 리튬니켈망간 복합 산화물
12: 1차 입자(리튬니켈망간 복합 산화물)
13: 2차 입자(리튬니켈망간 복합 산화물)
14: 공극(리튬니켈망간 복합 산화물)
C: 2차 입자의 중심 부분(리튬니켈망간 복합 산화물)
L: 1차 입자의 긴 직경 방향
R1: 방사 방향
R2: 외주로부터 입자 중심을 향하는 2차 입자의 반경 50%의 범위
Claims (17)
- 일반식 (1): NixMnyMz(OH)2+α(상기 식 (1) 중, M은, Co, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, Fe, 및 W 중에서 선택되는 1종 이상의 원소이며, x는, 0.1≤x≤0.9, y는, 0.05≤y≤0.8, z는, 0≤z≤0.8이며, 또한, x+y+z=1.0을 만족시키고, α는, 0≤α≤0.4이다.)로 표시되고, 복수의 1차 입자가 응집한 2차 입자로 구성된 니켈망간 복합 수산화물이며,
X선 회절 측정에 의해 얻어지는 (001)면의 회절 피크의 반가폭이 0.10° 이상 0.40° 이하이고, 〔(상기 2차 입자 내부의 공극 면적/상기 2차 입자의 단면적)×100〕(%)로 표현되는 소밀도가 0.5% 이상 10% 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈망간 복합 수산화물. - 제1항에 있어서, 질소 흡착법에 의해 측정되는 세공 용적이 0.01㎤/g 이상 0.04㎤/g 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈망간 복합 수산화물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 입도 분포의 퍼짐을 나타내는 지표인 〔(D90-D10)/평균 입경〕이 0.7 이상이며, 체적 평균 입경 MV가 5㎛ 이상 20㎛ 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈망간 복합 수산화물.
- 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 비표면적이 5㎡/g 이상 15㎡/g 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈망간 복합 수산화물.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 탭 밀도가 1.8g/㎤ 이상 2.5g/㎤ 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈망간 복합 수산화물.
- 일반식 (1): NixMnyMz(OH)2+α(상기 식 (1) 중, M은, Co, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, Fe, 및 W 중에서 선택되는 적어도 1종 이상의 원소이며, x는, 0.1≤x≤0.9, y는, 0.05≤y≤0.8, z는, 0≤z≤0.8이며, 또한, x+y+z=1.0을 만족시키고, α는, 0≤α≤0.4이다.)로 표시되고, 복수의 1차 입자가 응집한 2차 입자로 구성된 니켈망간 복합 수산화물의 제조 방법이며,
반응 수용액 중에서 적어도 니켈과 망간을 각각 포함하는 염을 중화하여 니켈망간 복합 수산화물을 생성시키는 정석 공정을 포함하고,
상기 정석 공정에 있어서, 반응 수용액 중의 용존 산소 농도를 0.2mg/L 이상 4.6mg/L 이하의 범위로 조정하고, 용해 니켈 농도를 700mg/L 이상 1500mg/L 이하의 범위로 조정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈망간 복합 수산화물의 제조 방법. - 제6항에 있어서, 상기 정석 공정에 있어서, 반응 수용액에 부하하는 교반 동력을 3kW/㎥ 이상 15kW/㎥ 이하의 범위로 조정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈망간 복합 수산화물의 제조 방법.
- 제6항 또는 제7항에 있어서, 상기 정석 공정에 있어서, 반응 수용액의 온도를 35℃ 이상 60℃ 이하의 범위로 조정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈망간 복합 수산화물의 제조 방법.
- 제6항 내지 제8항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 정석 공정에 있어서, 반응 수용액의 액온 25℃ 기준으로 하여 측정하는 pH값을 10.0 이상 13.0 이하의 범위로 조정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈망간 복합 수산화물의 제조 방법.
- 제6항 내지 제9항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 정석 공정은, 반응조에 니켈과 망간을 포함하는 혼합 수용액을 연속적으로 첨가하고, 중화시켜서 생성하는 니켈망간 복합 수산화물 입자를 포함하는 슬러리를 오버플로우시켜서 상기 2차 입자를 회수하는 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈망간 복합 수산화물의 제조 방법.
- 일반식 (2): Li1+tNixMnyMzO2+β(식 (2) 중, M은, Co, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, Fe, W 중에서 선택되는 적어도 1종 이상의 첨가 원소이며, t는, -0.05≤t≤0.5이며, x는, 0.1≤x≤0.9, y는, 0.05≤y≤0.8, z는, 0≤z≤0.8이며, 또한, x+y+z=1.0을 만족시키고, β는, 0≤β≤0.5이다.)로 표시되고, 1차 입자가 응집한 2차 입자를 포함하는 리튬니켈망간 복합 산화물로 구성된 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질이며,
〔(상기 2차 입자 내부의 공극 면적/상기 2차 입자 단면적)×100〕(%)로 표현되는 소밀도가 0.5% 이상 12% 이하이고, 또한, JIS K6217-4에 준거하여 측정되는 DBP 흡수량이 12㎤/100g 이상 20㎤/100g 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질. - 제11항에 있어서, 탭 밀도가 2.0g/㎤ 이상 2.7g/㎤ 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질.
- 제11항 또는 제12항에 있어서, X선 회절 측정에 의해 얻어지는 104면의 피크 강도 I(104)에 대한 003면의 회절 피크 강도 I(003)의 비 I(003)/I(104)가 1.7 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질.
- 제11항 내지 제13항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 2차 입자의 단면 중심부터 외측을 향하는 임의의 동경 방향을 x축 방향, 및 상기 x축 방향에 직교하는 방향을 y축 방향으로 한 경우, 상기 x축 방향, 및 상기 y축 방향 각각에 있어서, 전자선 후방 산란 회절법을 사용하여 측정되는 결정 ab면의 배향 비율이 55% 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질.
- 일반식 (2): Li1+tNixMnyMzO2+β(식 (2) 중, M은, Co, Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, Fe, 및 W 중에서 선택되는 적어도 1종 이상의 첨가 원소이며, t는, -0.05≤t≤0.5이며, x는, 0.1≤x≤0.9, y는, 0.05≤y≤0.8, z는, 0≤z≤0.8이며, 또한, x+y+z=1.0을 만족시키고, β는, 0≤β≤0.5이다.)로 표시되고, 1차 입자가 응집한 2차 입자를 포함하는 리튬니켈망간 복합 산화물로 구성된 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질의 제조 방법이며,
제1항 내지 제5항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 니켈망간 복합 수산화물과, 리튬 화합물을 혼합하여 혼합물을 얻는 공정과, 상기 혼합물을 소성하여 리튬니켈망간 복합 산화물을 얻는 공정을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질의 제조 방법. - 제15항에 있어서, 상기 니켈망간 복합 수산화물은, 제6항 내지 제10항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 제조 방법에 의해 얻는 것을 특징으로 하는 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제11항 내지 제14항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 비수계 전해질 이차 전지용 정극 활물질을 정극에 사용한 것을 특징으로 하는 비수계 전해질 이차 전지.
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- 2017-07-28 KR KR1020197002955A patent/KR102425186B1/ko active Active
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- 2017-07-28 CN CN202310436308.XA patent/CN116514184A/zh active Pending
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| WO2015115547A1 (ja) | 2014-01-31 | 2015-08-06 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | ニッケルマンガン複合水酸化物粒子とその製造方法、非水電解質二次電池用正極活物質とその製造方法、および非水電解質二次電池 |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20220049132A (ko) * | 2020-10-14 | 2022-04-21 | 주식회사 엘 앤 에프 | 양극 활물질용 복합 전이금속 전구체 및 그로부터 제조된 이차전지용 양극 활물질 |
| WO2022149933A1 (ko) * | 2021-01-08 | 2022-07-14 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 양극 활물질, 이를 포함하는 양극 및 리튬 이차전지 |
| KR20220100545A (ko) * | 2021-01-08 | 2022-07-15 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 양극 활물질, 이를 포함하는 양극 및 리튬 이차전지 |
| WO2024162810A1 (ko) * | 2023-02-03 | 2024-08-08 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 전이금속 수산화물, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 양극 활물질의 제조방법 |
| WO2025244463A1 (ko) * | 2024-05-24 | 2025-11-27 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 양극 활물질, 이를 포함하는 양극 및 리튬 이차전지 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20230253559A1 (en) | 2023-08-10 |
| US11658297B2 (en) | 2023-05-23 |
| WO2018021555A1 (ja) | 2018-02-01 |
| CN116514184A (zh) | 2023-08-01 |
| CN109803928A (zh) | 2019-05-24 |
| JP7215169B2 (ja) | 2023-01-31 |
| US20220041465A1 (en) | 2022-02-10 |
| US11296316B2 (en) | 2022-04-05 |
| US20190248673A1 (en) | 2019-08-15 |
| US12009517B2 (en) | 2024-06-11 |
| JPWO2018021555A1 (ja) | 2019-05-23 |
| CN116514185A (zh) | 2023-08-01 |
| KR102425186B1 (ko) | 2022-07-27 |
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