KR20180104668A - 플루오로중합체의 적층 가공 - Google Patents
플루오로중합체의 적층 가공 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20180104668A KR20180104668A KR1020187023708A KR20187023708A KR20180104668A KR 20180104668 A KR20180104668 A KR 20180104668A KR 1020187023708 A KR1020187023708 A KR 1020187023708A KR 20187023708 A KR20187023708 A KR 20187023708A KR 20180104668 A KR20180104668 A KR 20180104668A
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 생성된 물품이 대칭이 아니어서, 생성된 물품의 직경을 결정하는 것을 나타내는 예시적인 도이다.
도 3a 내지 도 3d는 다양한 제조 단계에서의 플루오로중합체 물품의 사진이다.
Claims (43)
- 플루오로중합체 물품의 제조 방법으로서, 플루오로중합체 입자들을 포함하는 조성물이 적어도 하나의 에너지원을 포함하는 적층 가공 장치(additive processing device)에서 적층 가공을 받게 하는 단계를 포함하고, 조성물은 적층 가공 장치의 에너지원에 노출된 조성물의 부분에서 플루오로중합체 입자들을 결합시켜 층을 형성할 수 있는 적어도 하나의 결합제 재료를 포함하고, 상기 방법은 조성물의 부분이 에너지원에 노출되게 하여 층을 형성하는 단계를 포함하고, 결합제 재료는 중합가능하고, 적층 가공 장치의 에너지원에의 조성물의 노출 시 중합을 통해 고화되는, 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 에너지원은 전자기 조사(electromagnetic irradiation)로부터 선택되는, 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 조성물은 z-평균 입자 크기가 약 50 내지 500 nm인 플루오로중합체 입자들을 포함하는, 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 조성물은 플루오로중합체 입자들의 수성 분산액을 포함하는, 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 조성물은 압출가능 페이스트인, 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 플루오로중합체는 테트라플루오로에텐 단일중합체, 1 중량% 이하의 퍼플루오르화 알파-올레핀 공단량체를 함유하는 테트라플루오로에텐 공중합체, 및 중합체의 중량을 기준으로 1 중량% 초과 30 중량% 이하의 퍼플루오르화 공단량체, 부분 플루오르화 공단량체 및 비-플루오르화 공단량체를 함유하는 테트라플루오로에텐 공중합체로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는, 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 플루오로중합체는 372℃ 및 5 ㎏ 하중에서의 용융 유동 지수(melt flow index)가 1 g/10 min 미만인, 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 플루오로중합체는 372℃ 및 5 ㎏ 하중에서의 용융 유동 지수가 0.1 g/10 min 미만인, 제조 방법.
- 제 항에 있어서, 플루오로중합체는 372℃ 및 5 ㎏ 하중에서의 용융 유동 지수가 1 내지 50 g/10 min인, 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 플루오로중합체는 중합체의 중량을 기준으로 1 중량% 초과 30 중량% 이하의 퍼플루오르화 공단량체, 부분 플루오르화 공단량체 및 비-플루오르화 공단량체를 함유하는 테트라플루오로에텐 공중합체이며, 플루오로중합체는 융점이 260℃ 내지 315℃인, 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 결합제 재료는 중합가능 불포화 결합을 포함하는, 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 결합제 재료는 아크릴레이트 및 메타크릴레이트로부터 선택되는 중합가능 기를 포함하는, 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 결합제 재료는 분자량이 5,000 g/몰 미만인, 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 조성물은 다른 성분을 추가로 포함하는, 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 바람직하게는 플루오로중합체의 소결을 포함한, 결합제 재료를 제거하기 위한 적어도 하나의 열처리를 추가로 포함하는, 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,
(i) 플루오로중합체 입자들 및 결합제 재료 및 선택적으로 다른 성분을 함유하는 조성물을 제공하는 단계;
(v) (a): 적층 제조 장치의 에너지원으로부터의 에너지를 3D-인쇄가능 조성물의 선택된 위치로 지향시키고, 결합제 재료가 중합 및 고화되게 하여 플루오로중합체 입자들을 결합시키는 것, 또는 (b): 3D-인쇄가능 조성물의 선택된 위치를 에너지원으로 지향시키고, 결합제 재료가 중합 및 고화되게 하여 플루오로중합체 입자들을 결합시키는 것, 또는 (a)와 (b)의 조합에 의해, 결합제 재료가 중합 및 고화되게 하여 플루오로중합체 입자들을 결합시키는 단계;
(vi) (c) 에너지원을 3D-인쇄가능 조성물로부터 멀어지는 쪽으로 지향시키거나, 또는 (d) 3D-인쇄가능 조성물을 에너지원으로부터 멀어지는 쪽으로 지향시키거나, 또는 둘 모두를 하여, 결합제 재료가 비-선택된 위치에서 중합되는 것을 방지하는 단계, 또는 (c)와 (d)의 조합;
(vii) 단계 (ii) 및 단계 (iii), 및 필요한 경우 또한 단계 (i)을 반복하여, 다수의 층을 형성하여 물품을 생성하는 단계
를 포함하는, 제조 방법. - 적층 가공에 의해 물품을 제조하기 위한 조성물로서, 플루오로중합체 입자들을 포함하고, 적층 가공 장치의 에너지원으로부터의 에너지에의 조성물의 노출 시 플루오로중합체 입자들을 결합시키도록 중합 및 고화됨으로써 플루오로중합체 입자들을 결합시킬 수 있는 중합가능 결합제 재료를 포함하는, 조성물.
- 제17항에 있어서, 플루오로중합체 입자들의 수성 분산액을 포함하는, 조성물.
- 제17항에 있어서, 평균 입자 크기가 약 50 내지 500 nm (Z-평균)인 플루오로중합체 입자들을 포함하는, 조성물.
- 제17항에 있어서, 압출가능 페이스트인, 조성물.
- 제17항에 있어서, 에너지원은 전자기 조사인, 조성물.
- 제17항에 있어서, 플루오로중합체는 테트라플루오로에텐 단일중합체, 1 중량% 이하의 퍼플루오르화 알파-올레핀 공단량체를 함유하는 테트라플루오로에텐 공중합체, 및 중합체의 중량을 기준으로 1 중량% 초과 30 중량% 이하의 퍼플루오르화 공단량체, 부분 플루오르화 공단량체 및 비-플루오르화 공단량체를 함유하는 테트라플루오로에텐 공중합체로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는, 조성물.
- 제17항에 있어서, 플루오로중합체는 372℃ 및 5 ㎏ 하중에서의 용융 유동 지수가 1 g/10 min 미만인, 조성물.
- 제17항에 있어서, 플루오로중합체는 372℃ 및 5 ㎏ 하중에서의 용융 유동 지수가 0.1 g/10 min 미만인, 조성물.
- 제17항에 있어서, 플루오로중합체는 372℃ 및 5 ㎏ 하중에서의 용융 유동 지수가 1 내지 50 g/10 min인, 조성물.
- 제17항에 있어서, 플루오로중합체는 중합체의 중량을 기준으로 1 중량% 초과 30 중량% 이하의 퍼플루오르화 공단량체, 부분 플루오르화 공단량체 및 비-플루오르화 공단량체를 함유하는 테트라플루오로에텐 공중합체이며, 플루오로중합체는 융점이 260℃ 내지 315℃인, 조성물.
- 제17항에 있어서, 결합제 재료는 중합가능 불포화 결합을 포함하는, 조성물.
- 제17항에 있어서, 결합제 재료는 아크릴레이트 및 메타크릴레이트로부터 선택되는 중합가능 기를 포함하는, 조성물.
- 제17항에 있어서, 결합제 재료는 분자량이 5,000 g/몰 미만인, 조성물.
- 제17항에 있어서, 다른 성분을 추가로 포함하는, 조성물.
- 적층 가공에서의 제17항의 조성물의 용도.
- 밀도가 2.00 g/㎤ 초과이고/이거나 공극 함량(void content)이 200% 미만, 바람직하게는 1% 내지 185%, 더욱 바람직하게는 20% 미만, 가장 바람직하게는 1% 내지 15%이고, 372℃ 및 5 ㎏ 하중에서의 용융 유동 지수가 50 g/10 min 미만, 바람직하게는 1 g/10 min 미만, 더욱 바람직하게는 0.1 g/10 min 미만인, 3D-인쇄된 플루오로중합체.
- 제32항에 있어서, 편광 현미경법에 의해 측정할 때 적어도 하나의 평면 배향에서의 배향도가 20% 이하, 바람직하게는 10% 이하인, 3D-인쇄된 플루오로중합체.
- 제32항에 있어서, x-y 평면에서의 이방성이 그 평면의 x 및 y 방향에서의 SVI 지수들의 비에 의해 결정할 때 50% 미만, 바람직하게는 20% 미만인, 3D-인쇄된 플루오로중합체.
- 제32항에 있어서, 파단 연신율(elongation at break)이 100% 이상이고/이거나 인장 강도가 5 MPa 이상인, 3D-인쇄된 플루오로중합체.
- 제32항에 있어서, 플루오로중합체는 테트라플루오로에텐 단일중합체, 1 중량% 이하의 퍼플루오르화 알파-올레핀 공단량체를 함유하는 테트라플루오로에텐 공중합체, 및 중합체의 중량을 기준으로 1 중량% 초과 30 중량% 이하의 퍼플루오르화 공단량체, 부분 플루오르화 공단량체 및 비-플루오르화 공단량체를 함유하는 테트라플루오로에텐 공중합체로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는, 3D-인쇄된 플루오로중합체.
- 제32항에 있어서, 제1항의 방법에 의해 수득될 수 있는, 3D-인쇄된 플루오로중합체.
- 제32항의 3D-인쇄된 플루오로중합체를 포함하는 물품.
- 제38항에 있어서, 일체형 물품인, 물품.
- 제38항에 있어서, 베어링, 가스켓, 시일(seal), 밸브, 밸브 시트(valve seat), 커넥터, 뚜껑, 용기; 의료용 임플란트, 화학 반응기, 스크루, 톱니바퀴, 조인트, 볼트, 펌프, 전극, 열 교환기, 혼합기, 터빈, 전기 변압기, 전기 절연체 및 압출기 또는 구성요소로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는, 물품.
- 제38항에 있어서, 플루오로중합체는 하나 이상의 채널, 하나 이상의 언더컷(undercut), 하나 또는 하나 초과의 천공, 및 이들의 조합을 포함하도록 형상화되는, 물품.
- 제38항에 있어서, 물품은 일체형 물품이며, 형상화된 플루오로중합체는 벌집 구조 및 본질적으로 중공인 구조로부터 선택되는 하나 이상의 구조를 포함하는, 물품.
- 제38항에 있어서, 제1항의 방법에 의해 수득될 수 있는, 물품.
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06262693A (ja) * | 1993-03-11 | 1994-09-20 | Daikin Ind Ltd | フッ素樹脂焼結体の製造法 |
| WO2007133912A2 (en) * | 2006-05-10 | 2007-11-22 | Arkema Inc. | Use of fluoropolymers in laser sintering |
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