JPH0845565A - Dissolution device for electrode plates and electrode plates of lead acid batteries - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Objective] To provide an electrode plate / electrode plate melting apparatus capable of increasing the recovery rate of lead alloys from waste plates and waste plate groups and reducing the amount of waste generated. [Configuration] A melted material charging chamber 13 for charging a melted material 6 composed of one or both of an electrode plate and an electrode plate group is provided in the upper portion of the melting furnace 1, and a material to be melted is provided in a lower portion of the melting furnace 1. Thing 6
A molten lead alloy recovery chamber 14 for recovering the molten lead alloy 7 obtained by heat-melting is prepared. The space between the chambers 13 and 14 is partitioned by a perforated separation plate 15 which separates the melted lead alloy 7 obtained by heating and melting the melted material 6 by dropping it from the holes 15a.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrode plate of a lead storage battery and a melting device of the electrode plate group for thermally melting and reusing the electrode plate and electrode plate group of the lead storage battery.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a thermal melting method using a melting furnace has been generally used as a method of reusing an electrode plate or a group of electrode plates of a lead storage battery. This is because the melted material consisting of either or both of the unformed electrode plate or electrode plate group that has been discarded due to a defect in the lead-acid battery manufacturing process is thermally melted and the alloy portion (lattice, strap, electrode) is melted. It is a method to collect pillars and reuse them as lead.

A waste plate consisting of an unformed electrode plate which has become defective in the process of assembling a lead-acid battery is an unactivated material containing lead monoxide (PbO) as a main component and Pb-containing the unactivated material. S
It is composed of a b-based or Pb-Ca-based lattice. On the other hand, a waste plate group consisting of unformed electrode plates is a group of a plurality of waste plates and ears that are group-welded with a Pb-Sb system strap and a pole.

FIG. 5 shows the structure of a conventional electrode plate and an electrode plate melting device for recovering a lead alloy composed of a grid, a strap, and a pole by thermally melting a material to be melted composed of a waste plate and a waste plate group. A) ~
This will be described with reference to (E). FIG. 5A shows a conventional electrode plate,
FIG. 5B shows a plan view of the melting device for the electrode plate group.
(E) shows the YY sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 5 (A). In the figure, 1 is a melting furnace, 1 a is a door provided above the melting furnace 1, 2 is a bottom plate in a melting chamber 3 of the melting furnace 1, and 4 is a bottom plate 2.
5, a heavy oil burner provided underneath, 5 is a melting bath obtained by heating the heavy oil burner 4, 6 is a waste plate put into the melting chamber 3, a substance to be melted consisting of a waste plate group, 7 is a waste plate, A molten lead alloy obtained by melting a material 6 to be melted composed of a waste plate group, 8 is an active material and an unmelted alloy floating on a melting bath 5, and 9 is a melting furnace 1.
A pump provided through the side wall of the pump, 10 is a suction pipe of the pump 9, 11 is a discharge pipe of the pump 9, and 12 is a recovery can disposed under the discharge pipe 11.

Next, the operation of the melting device for such an electrode plate or electrode plate group will be described. As shown in FIG. 5 (b), the Pb—Sb system lead is previously dissolved and solidified to form a dissolution bath 5 at the bottom of the dissolution chamber 3. Next, as shown in FIG. 5 (c), the door 1 a is opened in the melting furnace 1 and the material 6 to be melted consisting of a waste plate and a waste plate group is charged and heated by the heavy oil burner 4 to waste on the melting bath 5. The material 6 to be melted, which consists of plates and waste plates, is melted. When the temperature of the melting bath 5 reaches 480 to 500 ° C., the material 6 to be melted consisting of a waste plate and a waste plate group is crushed and stirred to obtain the state of FIG. 5 (d). The molten lead alloy 7 obtained by melting the material 6 to be melted composed of the waste plate and the waste plate group has fluidity and has a larger specific gravity than the active material, and therefore melts in the melting bath 5 through the gap of the active material. .
Then, as shown in FIG. 5E, the melting bath 5 and the molten lead alloy 7 are collected in the collecting can 12 by suction of the pump 9 from the suction pipe 10 previously introduced into the melting bath 5. Then, the active material and the undissolved alloy 8 floating on the dissolution bath 5 are collected, and the same operation is repeated. The active material and the unmelted alloy 8 are separately treated as waste.

[0006]

However, in such a conventional apparatus for dissolving an electrode plate or an electrode plate group of a lead storage battery, when the heavy oil burner 4 is used for heating, the dissolution bath 5 to which heat is easily transferred is first melted. Then, the melted material 6 consisting of waste plate and waste plate group 6
Since it takes a long time to dissolve, the lead alloy of the lattice holding the active material is oxidized and does not melt into the melting bath 5, but adheres to the active material and floats on the melting bath 5. Moreover, the recovery rate of the lead alloy from the waste plate and the waste plate group remained around 30%. Therefore, there is a problem in that a large amount of active material and unmelted alloy that are separately treated as waste are generated.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrode plate / electrode plate melting apparatus capable of increasing the recovery rate of a lead alloy from a waste plate / waste plate group and reducing the amount of waste generated.

[0008]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION A melting apparatus for a lead plate and an electrode group of a lead storage battery according to the present invention comprises an electrode plate or an electrode plate group, or an object to be melted, which is formed in an upper portion of a melting furnace. A melted material charging chamber for charging the melted lead alloy is provided in a lower portion of the melting furnace, and a melted lead alloy recovery room for recovering a melted lead alloy obtained by thermally melting the melted material is provided in both chambers. The space between the two is characterized by being divided by a perforated separation plate that heats and melts the material to be melted and drops the obtained molten lead alloy from the holes for separation.

In this case, the size of the holes of the perforated separation plate is preferably 0.7 to 3.8 mm.

In the melting furnace, it is preferable to provide a molten lead alloy recovery hole under the molten lead alloy recovery chamber.

Further, the perforated separation plate can be heated by an electric heater or an induction heating coil arranged outside the melting furnace.

Further, the perforated separation plate can be heated by a built-in electric heater.

[0013]

In this way, the perforated separation plate is arranged in the melting furnace, the material to be melted consisting of the electrode plate and the electrode plate group is placed thereon, and the material to be melted is directly heated by the perforated separation plate. Dissolution of the body occurs rapidly, and the amount of lead alloy that oxidizes and adheres to the active material decreases. Furthermore, only the active material is deposited on the perforated separation plate, and the molten lead alloy passes through the holes of the perforated separation plate and falls into the molten lead alloy recovery chamber below, facilitating the separation of the melted portion and the insoluble portion. become. According to the present invention, the lead alloy recovery rate increases due to the above-described actions.

In this case, the hole size of the perforated separation plate is 3.8.
If it is larger than mm, the active material may fall from the holes of the perforated separation plate and be mixed in the molten lead alloy, which is not preferable. If the hole size of the perforated separation plate is smaller than 0.7 mm, the molten lead alloy is difficult to pass through the holes of the perforated separation plate, which is not preferable.

If a molten lead alloy recovery hole is provided in the lower portion of the molten lead alloy recovery chamber, recovery of the molten lead alloy from the melting furnace becomes easy.

[0016]

1 (A) to 1 (C) show an embodiment of a melting device for a plate and a plate group of a lead storage battery according to the present invention. FIG. 1 (A) shows a plan view of the melting apparatus of this embodiment, and FIGS. 1 (B) and 1 (C) are XX of FIG. 1 (A).
A line sectional view is shown. In the figure, 1 is a melting furnace formed of stainless steel or the like, 1a is a door provided on the upper part of the melting furnace 1, and 13 is either an unfinished electrode plate or an electrode plate group in the upper part of the melting furnace 1. Alternatively, a melted substance charging chamber provided for charging the melted substance 6 composed of both of them, and 14 collects the molten lead alloy 7 obtained by thermally melting the melted substance 6 in the lower portion of the melting furnace 1. A molten lead alloy recovery room,
Reference numeral 15 denotes a perforated separation plate provided by partitioning both chambers 13 and 14 in order to heat and melt the material 6 to be melted and drop the obtained molten lead alloy 7 from the hole 15a.
Reference numeral 16 denotes an electric heater which is arranged on the outer periphery of the melting furnace 1 and heats the perforated separation plate 15. Reference numeral 17 denotes a molten lead alloy recovery hole provided in the melting furnace 1 under the molten lead alloy recovery chamber 14. Below the molten lead alloy recovery hole 17, the recovery can 12 is arranged. The melting furnace 1 has a bottom 1b formed in a funnel-shaped tapered shape, and a molten lead alloy recovery hole 17 is provided at the end of the tapered bottom 1b.

In this embodiment, the melting furnace 1 has an inner diameter of 250
mm, the depth from the upper end to the molten lead alloy recovery hole 17 is 250 mm
Has become. The perforated separation plate 15 is made of structural steel SS41. It should be noted that the material of the perforated separation plate 15 is particularly limited as long as it has a condition that it does not react with the molten lead alloy 7 and has a strength for holding the material to be melted 6 composed of the electrode plate and the electrode plate group to be melted. Not done. Hole 15 of perforated separation plate 15
The size of a was 2.0 mm. The angle of inclination of the bottom portion 1b of the melting furnace 1 was 120 ° with respect to the vertical direction. The inner diameter of the molten lead alloy recovery hole 17 was 30 mm. The electric heater 16 arranged on the outer periphery of the melting furnace 1 has a perforated separation plate 15 as far as possible.
It was placed in the vicinity of.

Next, the operation of the melting device for such an electrode plate or electrode plate group will be described. As shown in FIG. 1 (B), the door 1a is opened and 50 Kg of the melted material 6 consisting of a waste plate or a waste plate group having a lattice of Pb-Ca system is put into the melting furnace 1 and the electric heater 16 is charged. The perforated separation plate 15 was heated by applying electricity. The temperature of the perforated separation plate 15 was controlled to 500 ± 10 ° C. Perforated separation plate 1
With the temperature rise of 5, the melted material consisting of waste plates and waste plates 6
The grid, straps, and poles are melted from. Since the molten lead alloy 7 obtained by this melting has fluidity and has a larger specific gravity than the active material, it melts through the gap of the active material and the hole 15a of the perforated separation plate 15 as shown in FIG. 1 (C). It falls into the lead alloy recovery room 14. Molten lead alloy 7 is melting furnace 1
It flows into the molten lead alloy recovery hole 17 along the gradient of the bottom portion 1b of and is recovered in the recovery can 12. Further, in order to facilitate the flow of the molten lead alloy 7, the material 6 to be melted composed of a waste plate and a waste plate group is crushed and stirred. The active material and the undissolved alloy 8 remaining on the perforated separation plate 15 are recovered by opening the door 1a and horizontally scraping. Therefore, the lower end of the door 1a and the perforated separation plate 15 are arranged horizontally. After removing the active material remaining in the melting furnace 1 with compressed air or the like, the same operation is repeated. In this case, when the melting furnace 1 is also heated by the electric heater 16 or an auxiliary heater (not shown), the molten lead alloy 7 falling from the perforated separation plate 15
Can be prevented from hardening.

Table 1 shows the recovery rates of lead alloys in the conventional electrode plate / electrode plate melting device (referred to as a conventional device) and the electrode plates and electrode plate melting device according to the present invention (referred to as the present invention device). The result of comparison is shown. The number of tests is 5.

The recovery rate of the conventional device is based on the equation (1).

[Equation 1] Recovery rate (%) = (weight of thrown waste plate, material 6 to be melted consisting of waste plate-weight of recovered active material and undissolved alloy 8)
/ (Weight of lead alloy of melted material 6 consisting of waste plate and waste plate group) × 100 The recovery rate of the device of the present invention was calculated by Equation 2.

[Equation 2] Recovery rate (%) = (weight of recovered molten lead alloy 7) / (weight of lead alloy of melted material 6 consisting of input waste plate and waste plate group) × 100

[Table 1] From this, since the device of the present invention uses the perforated separation plate 15 that directly dissolves as described above, dissolution of the lattice body occurs promptly, the amount adhering to the oxidized active material decreases, and the dissolved portion and insoluble matter Since the parts can be separated easily, the recovery rate of the lead alloy is significantly increased compared to the conventional device.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing changes in the recovery rate of the lead alloy when the size of the holes 15a of the perforated separation plate 15 is changed. Numbers are the highest of 5 tests.

The size of the hole 15a of the perforated separation plate 15 is 1.0.
The recovery rate of the lead alloy sharply decreases in the range of mm or less because the surface tension of the molten lead alloy 7 causes the holes 15a of the perforated separation plate 15 to be separated.
This is because the molten lead alloy 7 becomes difficult to flow down.
Further, when the hole 15a of the perforated separation plate 15 becomes large, the active material also falls from between the holes 15a and mixes in the molten lead alloy 7. Since the active material is collected from the molten lead alloy 7 and separated, even if the hole 15a of the perforated separation plate 15 becomes large, the lead alloy recovery rate decreases. Therefore, the hole 15a of the perforated separation plate 15
It can be seen that the size of is better than the recovery rate of the conventional device, 0.7-3.8 mm.

In this embodiment, as the heating method for the perforated separation plate 15, an external electric heater 16 is used in the melting furnace 1. However, as shown in FIG. 3, a grid or mesh line of the perforated separation plate 15 is used. The same effect was obtained by replacing all or part of the sheath heater 15b with a linear or rod shape or disposing the induction heating coil 18 on the outer periphery of the melting furnace 1 as shown in FIG. When the induction heating coil 18 is used, for example, the melting furnace 1 is made of a non-magnetic material such as ceramic, and the perforated separation plate 15 is made of the structural steel SS41 as described above.

Further, in this embodiment, the unformed electrode plate or electrode plate group was used as the material to be dissolved 6 consisting of the waste plate and the waste plate group. However, the electrode after chemical conversion, which was sufficiently washed with electrolyte and dried, was used. Similar effects were obtained by melting the plates and plates.

The above results are for the case of the lattice Pb-Ca system, but it goes without saying that the same effect can be obtained even for the case of the Pb-Sb system lattice having better fluidity during dissolution.

A summary of the preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed herein is as follows.

(1) A melted material charging chamber for charging a melted material composed of one or both of an electrode plate and an electrode plate group is provided in an upper part of the melting furnace, and the above-mentioned lower part of the melting furnace is provided with the above-mentioned material. A molten lead alloy recovery chamber for recovering the molten lead alloy obtained by thermally melting the substance to be melted is provided, and the molten lead alloy obtained by heating and melting the substance to be melted between the two chambers is used. A melting device for a plate or a group of plates of a lead storage battery, characterized by being partitioned by a perforated separation plate that drops from the hole and separates.

(2) The size of the holes of the perforated separation plate is
0.7-3.8 mm, The melting | dissolution apparatus of the electrode plate and electrode plate group of the lead acid battery of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned.

(3) The bottom of the melting furnace is formed in a funnel-shaped tapered shape, and a molten lead alloy recovery hole is provided at the end of the tapered bottom, wherein Dissolution device for the electrode plate and electrode plate group of the lead storage battery according to the item.

(4) An electrothermal heater for heating the perforated separation plate is provided outside the melting furnace according to any one of the first, second and third aspects. Dissolution device for the electrode plate and electrode plate group of the lead storage battery described above.

(5) An induction heating coil for heating the perforated separation plate is provided outside the melting furnace made of a non-magnetic material. The lead-acid battery electrode plate or electrode plate assembly melting device described in any one of 1.

(6) The lead-acid battery electrode plate and electrode according to any one of the first, second and third items, wherein the perforated separation plate has a built-in electrothermal heater. Plate group melting device.

[0035]

As described above, according to the melting device for the electrode plate and the electrode plate group of the lead storage battery according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained.

In the present invention, since the perforated separation plate is arranged in the melting furnace, the material to be melted consisting of the electrode plate and the electrode plate group is placed thereon, and the material to be melted is directly heated by the perforated separation plate. It is possible to rapidly dissolve the lattice and oxidize it to reduce the amount of the lead alloy adhering to the active material. Further, according to the present invention, since only the active material is deposited on the perforated separation plate, and the molten lead alloy passes through the holes of the perforated separation plate and falls into the molten lead alloy recovery chamber below, the molten portion is not mixed with the molten portion. The dissolved portion can be easily separated. Therefore, according to the present invention, the recovery rate of the lead alloy can be increased and the amount of waste generated can be reduced.

Further, in the present invention, the hole size of the perforated separation plate is set to 0.7 to 3.8 mm, so that the hole size becomes 3.
It is possible to prevent the active material from falling through the holes of the perforated separation plate when it is larger than 8 mm to be mixed into the molten lead alloy, and to dissolve molten lead when the size of the hole is smaller than 0.7 mm. It is possible to prevent the alloy from being difficult to pass through the holes, and it is possible to efficiently recover the molten lead alloy.

Further, by providing the molten lead alloy recovery hole in the lower portion of the molten lead alloy recovery chamber, it is possible to easily recover the molten lead alloy from the melting furnace.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 (A) is a plan view showing an embodiment of a melting device for a plate and a plate group of a lead storage battery according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 (B) is an X- state before melting of the melting device shown in FIG. X-ray sectional view,
(C) is X during dissolution and recovery of the dissolution apparatus shown in (A)
It is a X-ray sectional view.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing changes in the recovery rate of lead alloy when the size of the holes of the perforated separation plate is changed in the melting apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a main part perspective view showing another example of a perforated separation plate used in the melting apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the melting device for the electrode plate and the electrode plate group of the lead storage battery according to the present invention.

FIG. 5A is a plan view showing a conventional electrode plate of a lead storage battery and a melting device for a plate group; FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of the melting device shown in FIG. (C) is a sectional view taken along line YY of the melting apparatus shown in (A), (D) is a sectional view taken along line YY at the end of melting of the melting apparatus shown in (A), and (E) is (A). FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line YY at the time of recovery of the melting device shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Melting furnace 1a Door 2 Bottom plate 3 Melting chamber 4 Heavy oil burner 5 Melting bath 6 Melting material 7 Melting lead alloy 8 Active material and unmelting alloy 9 Pump 10 Suction pipe 11 Discharge pipe 12 Recovery can 13 Melting material input room 14 Molten lead alloy recovery room 15 Perforated separation plate 15a Hole 15b Sheath heater 16 Electric heater 17 Molten lead alloy recovery hole 18 Induction heating coil

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A melted material charging chamber for charging a melted material composed of one or both of an electrode plate and a group of electrode plates is provided in an upper portion of the melting furnace, and the melted material is placed in a lower portion of the melting furnace. A molten lead alloy recovery chamber for recovering the molten lead alloy obtained by thermally melting the melted substance is provided, and the molten lead alloy obtained by heating and melting the melted substance is provided between the two chambers. Dissolving device for a lead-acid battery electrode plate or electrode plate group, characterized by being separated by a perforated separation plate that is dropped and separated. 2. The size of the holes of the perforated separation plate is from 0.7 to
3. The melting device for the electrode plate and the electrode plate group of the lead storage battery according to claim 1, which is 3.8 mm. 3. The lead plate of a lead storage battery according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the melting furnace is provided with a molten lead alloy recovery hole at a lower portion of the molten lead alloy recovery chamber. Fusing device. 4. The lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein an electric heater for heating the perforated separation plate is provided outside the melting furnace. Dissolution device for plates and plates. 5. The lead storage battery according to claim 1, wherein an induction heating coil for heating the perforated separation plate is provided outside the melting furnace. Dissolution device for electrode plates and electrode plates. 6. The perforated separation plate has a built-in electrothermal heater.
The lead-acid battery electrode plate and electrode plate assembly melting device described in 1.