JP4846976B2 - 吸入器の機能を改善するためのアダプタ - Google Patents
吸入器の機能を改善するためのアダプタ Download PDFInfo
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- JP4846976B2 JP4846976B2 JP2003526459A JP2003526459A JP4846976B2 JP 4846976 B2 JP4846976 B2 JP 4846976B2 JP 2003526459 A JP2003526459 A JP 2003526459A JP 2003526459 A JP2003526459 A JP 2003526459A JP 4846976 B2 JP4846976 B2 JP 4846976B2
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- Prior art keywords
- mouthpiece
- dry powder
- powder inhaler
- adapter
- inhaler
- Prior art date
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- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000008713 feedback mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229940112141 dry powder inhaler Drugs 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940071648 metered dose inhaler Drugs 0.000 description 18
- 239000006199 nebulizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000003434 inspiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 208000014181 Bronchial disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004931 aggregating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002664 inhalation therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002483 medication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M15/00—Inhalators
- A61M15/0086—Inhalation chambers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M15/00—Inhalators
- A61M15/0001—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof
- A61M15/0021—Mouthpieces therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/1005—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours with O2 features or with parameter measurement
- A61M16/101—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours with O2 features or with parameter measurement using an oxygen concentrator
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
- A61M2016/0015—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
- A61M2016/003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter
- A61M2016/0033—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical
- A61M2016/0039—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical in the inspiratory circuit
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
- A61M2202/06—Solids
- A61M2202/064—Powder
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/18—General characteristics of the apparatus with alarm
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
- A61M2205/3334—Measuring or controlling the flow rate
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/43—General characteristics of the apparatus making noise when used correctly
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/58—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision
- A61M2205/581—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision by audible feedback
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/58—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision
- A61M2205/583—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision by visual feedback
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/58—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision
- A61M2205/583—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision by visual feedback
- A61M2205/584—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision by visual feedback having a color code
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
- Cyclones (AREA)
- Executing Machine-Instructions (AREA)
- Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
Description
本発明のマウスピースアダプタおよび患者フィードバック機構は、小児患者、老人患者および易感染性患者での吸入器の使用を容易にするために、ドライパウダー吸入器(DPI)のような吸入器で用いられ、以下、この用途について説明するが、本発明は定量吸入器(MDI)やネブライザ等の他の用途でも用いることができる。
最新の複数回投与が可能なドライパウダー装置には投与量カウンタを含む電子機器が付いていて、患者が薬を飲んだかどうかを確認できる。また、吸入器の薬剤が無くなりかけている時に正確な残りの投与数を示すことによって患者に注意を促すようになっている。下記特許文献にはこのタイプの装置が開示されている。
乳幼児の気管支疾病の治療で治療に必要な治療薬を患者に正しく吸入させるのは困難である。喘息は乳幼児期、一般には8ヶ月〜2.5歳で始まる。この年齢の乳幼児に処方剤を正しい方法で吸入させるのは難しい。乳幼児は肺気量が少ないため吸入中の呼気力(吸気流速)も弱い。乳幼児が喘息、その他の気管支疾病を患っている場合にはこれがさらに著しい。乳児が正しく吸入できるような位置に吸入器を配置するのが難しいため、できるだけ柔軟な吸入器が求められている。
本発明の別の局側では、小児患者、老人患者または身体的な障害を有する患者が一貫して吸入できるようにするという問題を解決する。
本発明のさらに他の局側では、患者が幼い場合の服薬遵守の問題を解決することによって、以前には使用できなかった一部の装置を使用できるようにする。
さらに本発明の別の局側では、病気の患者または衰弱した患者がマウスピースへつながる延長部分から薬剤を摂取できるようにすることによって、横になったまま吸入器から薬剤を摂取できるようにする。
好ましい実施例の詳細な説明ではアダプタはMDIおよびDPIと一緒にに用いられているが、スペーサ装置やネブライザで用いることもできる。
アダプタ1はマウスピース側3と取付け側2との間に移行部分4を有する。この移行部分4はアダプタの取付け部位2から小児サイズのマウスピース側へ向かって段々細くなっている。吸入器を正しく作動させると、気流に乗った粒子が吸入器のマウスピースから接続部分に入り、そこを速やかに通過する。この接続部分は保持室(holding chamber)の役割はしない。接続部分を先細のじょうごの形にすることによってアダプタ使用時の気流に乗った粒子が乱流になるのを最少にして、凝集するのを防ぐことができ、それによって吸入器の効率が維持される。
[図3]のアダプタのマウスピース側を例えば第1または第2実施例の形にすることもできる。
[図7]に示すように、駆動コントローラ17は、センサ14が患者の吸入を検知し且つ電源スイッチ16が入っている時にのみ音声および光の発生手段18に給電する。給電されると、音声または光の発生手段18は吸入強度および頻度を決定し、その値に基づいて光および音を発生する。患者がその装置の呼吸パターンを獲得できない場合には音声および光の発生手段18によってライト12が赤に点灯される。これは呼吸パターンを装置のプロトコルに合うように患者の呼吸パターンを変えるよう促す合図である。音声および光の発生手段18によって音声をスピーカー13から出力することもできる。正しい呼吸パターンになった段階でアダプタ1上のライト12が赤から緑に変わり、および/または、音声/光の発生手段18が患者に正しい呼吸パターンになったことを知らせる。
好ましい実施例および使用法を参照して本発明を詳細に説明したが、本発明はこれらの好ましい実施例と使用法に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲によってのみ限定される。
2 取付け側部分
3 マウスピース側部分
4 移行部分
5 吸入器
10 吸入器のマウスピース
Claims (11)
- ドライパウダー吸入器のマウスピースに直接接続される接続側部分と、子供が慣れた、恐怖心の少ない内径が1mm乃至15mmである円形または楕円形をしたストローと同じ寸法および形をしたマウスピース側部分と、上記接続側部分とマウスピース側部分との間の、滑らかで、粒子が吸入器のマウスピース中を最小の乱流で通過できるようにする移行部分とを有するマウスピースアダプタと、このマウスピースアダプタに取付けられた、吸気の流速を感知する流量センサと、上記流速の情報を音、映像または光によって患者に伝えるフィードバック機構とを有することを特徴とする、気道に薬剤を送るための子供用ドライパウダー吸入器。
- マウスピースアダプタを吸入器のマウスピースに固定するための取付け手段をさらに有する請求項1に記載の小児用ドライパウダー吸入器。
- 取付け手段がクランプである請求項2に記載の小児用ドライパウダー吸入器。
- 取付け手段が摩擦嵌め手段である請求項2に記載の小児用ドライパウダー吸入器。
- 接続手段がじょうご形をしている請求項1に記載の小児用ドライパウダー吸入器。
- 接続側部分の少なくとも一部が金属箔で被覆されている請求項1に記載の小児用ドライパウダー吸入器。
- 取付け手段がゴムバンドである請求項2に記載の小児用ドライパウダー吸入器。
- 移行部分が湾曲している請求項1に記載の小児用ドライパウダー吸入器。
- 移行部分の断面の一部が翼形をしている請求項8に記載の小児用ドライパウダー吸入器。
- 上記流量センサに接続された音声発生器をさらに有する請求項1に記載の小児用ドライパウダー吸入器。
- 上記流量センサに接続された1つまたは複数のライトをさらに有する請求項1に記載の小児用ドライパウダー吸入器。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US31770601P | 2001-09-06 | 2001-09-06 | |
| US60/317,706 | 2001-09-06 | ||
| PCT/US2002/030308 WO2003022332A2 (en) | 2001-09-06 | 2002-09-06 | Adaptors for inhalers to improve performance |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2005501664A JP2005501664A (ja) | 2005-01-20 |
| JP2005501664A5 JP2005501664A5 (ja) | 2006-01-05 |
| JP4846976B2 true JP4846976B2 (ja) | 2011-12-28 |
Family
ID=23234910
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003526459A Expired - Lifetime JP4846976B2 (ja) | 2001-09-06 | 2002-09-06 | 吸入器の機能を改善するためのアダプタ |
Country Status (18)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US7343914B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1446172B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4846976B2 (ja) |
| KR (2) | KR100998394B1 (ja) |
| CN (2) | CN100374171C (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE464083T1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU2002327052B2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2459867C (ja) |
| CY (1) | CY1110147T1 (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE60236011D1 (ja) |
| DK (1) | DK1446172T3 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2343239T3 (ja) |
| IL (1) | IL160628A0 (ja) |
| MX (1) | MXPA04001859A (ja) |
| NZ (1) | NZ531614A (ja) |
| PL (1) | PL203183B1 (ja) |
| PT (1) | PT1446172E (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2003022332A2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (89)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USD492993S1 (en) | 2002-12-18 | 2004-07-13 | Smith Kline Beecham | Mouthpiece for an inhalation device |
| USD492771S1 (en) | 2002-12-18 | 2004-07-06 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Mouthpiece for an inhalation device |
| WO2005041848A2 (en) * | 2003-10-27 | 2005-05-12 | Oriel Therapeutics, Inc. | Dry powder drug containment system packages with tabs, inhalers and associated methods |
| US7377277B2 (en) * | 2003-10-27 | 2008-05-27 | Oriel Therapeutics, Inc. | Blister packages with frames and associated methods of fabricating dry powder drug containment systems |
| JP4708369B2 (ja) * | 2004-02-24 | 2011-06-22 | マイクロドース セラピューテクス,インコーポレイテッド | 合成ジェットに基づく薬剤投与装置 |
| DE102004012093A1 (de) * | 2004-03-05 | 2005-09-22 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Gmbh & Co. Kg | Pulverinhalator mit Merkanaldüse |
| EP1843812A4 (en) | 2005-02-01 | 2008-12-03 | Intelliject Llc | DEVICES, SYSTEMS AND METHOD FOR DISPOSING MEDICAMENTS |
| US8231573B2 (en) | 2005-02-01 | 2012-07-31 | Intelliject, Inc. | Medicament delivery device having an electronic circuit system |
| US8206360B2 (en) | 2005-02-01 | 2012-06-26 | Intelliject, Inc. | Devices, systems and methods for medicament delivery |
| US8361026B2 (en) | 2005-02-01 | 2013-01-29 | Intelliject, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for self-administration of vaccines and other medicaments |
| US9022980B2 (en) | 2005-02-01 | 2015-05-05 | Kaleo, Inc. | Medical injector simulation device |
| US8226610B2 (en) | 2005-02-01 | 2012-07-24 | Intelliject, Inc. | Medical injector with compliance tracking and monitoring |
| DE102005010965B3 (de) * | 2005-03-10 | 2006-08-03 | Medspray Xmems Bv | Inhalator mit einem Mischkanal zum Erzeugen eines zu inhalierenden Aerosols |
| US20090050139A1 (en) * | 2005-03-30 | 2009-02-26 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid medicine ejection device |
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| EP2357015A3 (en) | 2006-04-05 | 2012-07-25 | MicroDose Therapeutx, Inc. | Variable dose inhalation device |
| US20080087279A1 (en) * | 2006-10-11 | 2008-04-17 | Tieck Catharine Laureen Johnso | Metered dose inhaler |
| JP5570996B2 (ja) | 2007-12-14 | 2014-08-13 | エアロデザインズ インコーポレイテッド | エアロゾル化可能な食料品の送達 |
| EP2077132A1 (en) | 2008-01-02 | 2009-07-08 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG | Dispensing device, storage device and method for dispensing a formulation |
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| GB2468108A (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2010-08-25 | Jaqueline Scott | Asthma inhaler kit adapted to make sound upon inhalation and exhalation |
| EP2662472B1 (de) | 2009-03-31 | 2019-02-27 | Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh | Verfahren zur Beschichtung einer Oberfläche eines Bauteils |
| US9265910B2 (en) | 2009-05-18 | 2016-02-23 | Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh | Adapter, inhalation device, and nebulizer |
| US8985101B2 (en) | 2009-05-21 | 2015-03-24 | Microdose Therapeutx, Inc. | Method and device for clamping a blister within a dry powder inhaler |
| WO2010135672A1 (en) * | 2009-05-21 | 2010-11-25 | Microdose Therapeutx, Inc. | Rotary cassette system for dry powder inhaler |
| US20110000481A1 (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2011-01-06 | Anand Gumaste | Nebulizer for infants and respiratory compromised patients |
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- 2002-09-06 JP JP2003526459A patent/JP4846976B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-06 PL PL373584A patent/PL203183B1/pl unknown
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| CA2459867C (en) | 2012-03-13 |
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| CN1551788A (zh) | 2004-12-01 |
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| MXPA04001859A (es) | 2004-06-15 |
| PT1446172E (pt) | 2010-05-06 |
| US20080228099A1 (en) | 2008-09-18 |
| CY1110147T1 (el) | 2015-01-14 |
| IL160628A0 (en) | 2004-07-25 |
| US20030041859A1 (en) | 2003-03-06 |
| JP2005501664A (ja) | 2005-01-20 |
| PL203183B1 (pl) | 2009-09-30 |
| DE60236011D1 (de) | 2010-05-27 |
| WO2003022332B1 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
| KR20040039327A (ko) | 2004-05-10 |
| EP1446172A2 (en) | 2004-08-18 |
| KR100998394B1 (ko) | 2010-12-03 |
| WO2003022332A2 (en) | 2003-03-20 |
| EP1446172A4 (en) | 2005-07-20 |
| CN101239212A (zh) | 2008-08-13 |
| CA2459867A1 (en) | 2003-03-20 |
| ATE464083T1 (de) | 2010-04-15 |
| US7343914B2 (en) | 2008-03-18 |
| KR20090038043A (ko) | 2009-04-17 |
| EP1446172B1 (en) | 2010-04-14 |
| AU2002327052B2 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
| CN100374171C (zh) | 2008-03-12 |
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