JP2005537519A - 電気光学ディスプレイ - Google Patents
電気光学ディスプレイ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2005537519A JP2005537519A JP2004534556A JP2004534556A JP2005537519A JP 2005537519 A JP2005537519 A JP 2005537519A JP 2004534556 A JP2004534556 A JP 2004534556A JP 2004534556 A JP2004534556 A JP 2004534556A JP 2005537519 A JP2005537519 A JP 2005537519A
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Abstract
Description
色の異なる少なくとも2つの顔料を混合して顔料混合物を形成するステップと、
この顔料混合物に少なくとも1回の表面処理を施すステップと、
表面処理した顔料混合物を懸濁流体中に分散させて、実質的に同一の電気泳動的流動性を有するが色の異なる少なくとも2種類の粒子を形成するステップと
を含む。
電気光学表示媒体と、
電気光学表示要素の光学的性質を変えるために配置された光学的バイアス用要素と、
電気光学表示媒体をアドレスするためのアドレス電極と
を含む電気光学表示要素を提供する。この電気光学表示要素は、電気光学表示要素の異なる部分部分で光学的バイアス用要素の色が変化する結果、光学的バイアス用要素がカラーフィルタを形成することを特徴とする。
第一表面およびその反対側に第二表面を有する固体電気光学媒体層と、
この固体電気光学媒体層の第一表面上にある第一接着材層と、
電気光学媒体層から第一接着材層の反対側に配置された(第一)剥離シートと、
固体電気光学媒体層の第二表面上にある第二接着材層と
を含む製品を提供する。
第一表面およびその反対側に第二表面を有する固体電気光学媒体層と
固体電気光学媒体層の第一表面を保護する第一剥離シートと、
固体電気光学媒体層の第二表面を保護する第二剥離シートと
を含む製品を提供する。
第一表面およびその反対側に第二表面を有する固体電気光学媒体層と、固体電気光学媒体層の第一表面上にある第一接着材層と、固体電気光学媒体層から第一接着材層の反対側に配置された剥離シートと、固体電気光学媒体層の第二表面上にある第二接着材層とを含む製品を提供するステップと、
第二接着材層を介して前面基板へ製品を積層し、それにより前部サブアセンブリを形成するステップと、
前部サブアセンブリから剥離シートを除去するステップと、
前部サブアセンブリを、第一接着材層を介して少なくとも1つの電極を含む背面板へ積層し、それにより電気光学ディスプレイを形成するステップと
を含む。
感光性フィルムをイメージングし、その上にカラーフィルタアレイのパターンを形成するステップと、
その後、感光性フィルム上に導電層を堆積するステップと
を含むものを提供する。
カラーフィルタアレイを提供するステップと、
複数のカプセルを含む電気泳動媒体であって、カプセルのそれぞれが、懸濁流体と、懸濁流体中に懸濁されて懸濁流体に電界が印加されるとそこで動き回ることのできる複数の荷電粒子と、懸濁流体および荷電粒子を取り囲むカプセル壁とを含むものを提供するステップと、
カラーフィルタアレイ上に電気泳動媒体を堆積し、コーティングされたカラーフィルタアレイを形成するステップと、
その後、コーティングされたカラーフィルタアレイを、少なくとも1つの画素電極を有する背面板へ積層するステップと
を含むものを提供する。
電極を提供するステップと、
複数のカプセルを含む電気泳動媒体であって、カプセルのそれぞれが、懸濁流体と、懸濁流体中に懸濁されて懸濁流体に電界が印加されるとそこで動き回ることのできる複数の荷電粒子と、懸濁流体および荷電粒子を取り囲むカプセル壁とを含むものを提供するステップと、
電極を表面処理して、表面上の表面エネルギーを変化させる領域を生成するステップと、
表面処理された電極に電気泳動媒体を堆積するステップと
を含むものを提供する。
前面基板を提供するステップと、
背面板を提供するステップと、
複数のカプセルを含む電気泳動媒体であって、カプセルのそれぞれが、懸濁流体と、懸濁流体中に懸濁されて懸濁流体に電界が印加されるとそこで動き回ることのできる複数の荷電粒子と、懸濁流体および荷電粒子を取り囲むカプセル壁とを含むものを提供するステップと、
前面基板の表面を表面処理してカプセルによりその濡れを促進するステップと、
背面板の表面を表面処理してカプセルによりそのディウェッティングを促進するステップと、
前面基板および背面板を、それらの処理表面が相互に向き合うようにし、処理表面間に隙間を持たせて共に組み立てるステップと、
電気泳動媒体をこの隙間へ導入し、それによって電気泳動媒体のカプセルが前面基板の処理表面に対してパッキングされるステップと
を含むものを提供する。
前述のイー・インク社ならびにMITの特許および公開された出願の幾つかにおいて議論されているように、電気泳動ディスプレイにおいて、カラーフィルタを使用する代わりに、異なる色を呈することのできる数種類のカプセルを使用している。例えば、前述の第2002/0180688号が図3Iにおいて示すカプセル型電気泳動ディスプレイの1つのピクセルは、3つのサブピクセルを含み、そのサブピクセルのそれぞれが単一のカプセルを含んで3つの色を呈することができる。こちらは実際にこの図3Iに関して記述される色ではないが、フルカラーRGBディスプレイは、白/黒/赤、白/黒/緑、白/黒/青の光学状態が可能なカプセルを使用して製造できるということが、電気光学ディスプレイ技術の専門家には容易に理解されよう。
処理していない原料顔料を配合して、最初の表面改質の前に所望の色を得ることができる。次に、配合した顔料混合物をシリカあるいはシリカ/アルミナでコーティングし、続いてシラン処理・ポリマー形成ステップを行う。
この方法では、原料顔料がシリカあるいはシリカ/アルミナのシェルでまず独自に改質され、次に配合されて所望の色を達成し、その後配合顔料はシラン処理およびポリマー形成を施される。
この方法では、原料顔料がシリカあるいはシリカ/アルミナのシェルおよびシラン処理でまず独自に改質される。次に顔料が配合されて所望の色を達成し、配合顔料はポリマー形成を施される。
この方法では、原料顔料がシリカあるいはシリカ/アルミナのシェルでまず独自に改質され、次にシラン処理およびポリマー形成が施される。次に顔料が配合されて所望の色を達成する。
電気光学ディスプレイで使用するための従来のカラーフィルタアレイ(CFA)は、適切な方式で着色された材料層を含み、この材料層は、ディスプレイの画面付近で前部電極の「外側」、すなわち前部電極と閲覧者との間に配置されている。このような従来のCFAは、少なくとも前部電極の厚さ分だけ、電気光学層から、また場合によっては他の層から、例えば、上に前部電極が搭載された基板、および/または中で電気泳動カプセルが保持されている結合剤、および/または回転二色部材型ディスプレイ中のポリマー・マトリックスから、必然的に離間している。CFAと電気光学層との間がこのように離間していることは視差的諸問題を引き起こすが、多くの電気光学ディスプレイの視野角が広いことにより、これらの問題が深刻になる。このような視差的諸問題は、特にディスプレイをその画面に対して垂直に大角度で閲覧する場合に、ディスプレイの画質に悪影響を与える。
ディスプレイ100は、共通の透明な前部電極110をさらに含み、この電極は画面を形成し、観察者はこの画面を通してディスプレイ100を閲覧する。ディスプレイはまた、不連続な複数の後部電極112、112’、112”を含み、これらの後部電極のそれぞれが、ディスプレイ100の1ピクセルを限定する。通常、各ピクセルには実際には多数(20以上)のマイクロカプセルが使用されるが、図解および説明を容易にするために、図1では各後部電極により限定されるピクセルを形成している単一のマイクロカプセルのみを示す。後部電極112、112’、112”は基板114上に搭載されている。
液晶ディスプレイで使用されている従来型CFAは、カプセル型電気泳動ディスプレイに使用するのに都合のよい最適なものではない。カプセル型電気泳動媒体は、カプセルの中央付近に表れる光学状態と比較して、カプセル間の境界付近(すなわちカプセル壁の表面)で僅かに質の落ちた光学状態を呈する傾向にある。
既に示したように、液晶ディスプレイで使用するために開発された従来型CFAは、適切な方式で着色された材料層を含み、この材料層は、ディスプレイの画面付近で前部電極の「外側」、すなわち前部電極と閲覧者との間に配置されている。このような従来型CFAはガラス基板上に製造され、複数のフィルム(ふつう「スタック」と呼ばれる)から形成されている。これらのフィルムは、一般に、ブラックマスク(ふつうクロミウムからなる)、赤・緑・青に着色されたフォトレジスト層および導電層を含み、この導電層は通常、ディスプレイの前部電極を形成するインジウムスズ酸化物(ITO)からなる。
既に指摘したように、CFAを組み込むために液晶ディスプレイで使用される方法は、他の種類の電気光学媒体で用いるにはあまり適応していない。詳細には、既に指摘したように、液晶ディスプレイの組立に使用される技術は他の種類の電気光学媒体で用いるのにうまく転用されない。液晶ディスプレイの組立の従来型方法では、基板、カラーフィルタ層、および導電層を含む前部組立体が形成され、この前部組立体は、画素電極と関連の回路とを含む後部組立体に整列され、これに固着されている。狭いセルの隙間はこれら2つの組立体の間でスペーサにより維持されている。そしてこのセルの隙間が空にされ、結合した組立体を液晶材料浴へ浸漬することによって液晶材料自体が満たされる。
別の態様において、本発明は、電気光学ディスプレイで使用するためのカラーフィルタを作成する方法を提供する。この方法は、カラーフィルタのパターンを感光性フィルムにイメージングするステップと、イメージを表すためにフィルムを(適宜)処理するステップと、電極として作用させるために導電層を感光性フィルムへ堆積するステップとを含む。本明細書で使用する「感光性フィルム」という語は、ハロゲン化銀の化学的性質に依存するフィルムに限定されるものではなく、可視光波長に敏感なフィルムに限定されるものでもなく、可視域外の電磁波放射線に敏感なフィルムを含むものである。使用される感光性フィルムが、基板のハロゲン化銀エマルジョンを含む従来型ハロゲン化銀フィルムである場合、導電層は通常、フィルムのエマルジョン側に堆積される。この結果、電気光学ディスプレイの上面として使用することのできるカラーフィルタが可撓性となる。
本発明は、CFAを基にした電気泳動ディスプレイへ電気泳動ディスプレイ材料を一体化するための様々な方法に関する。本発明の製造戦略は、液晶ディスプレイの製造で利用されるものとは著しく異なる。
Claims (32)
- 懸濁流体中に分散された複数の荷電粒子を含む電気泳動媒体であって、前記粒子が、実質的に同一の電気泳動的流動性を有するが色の異なる少なくとも2種類の粒子を含むことを特徴とする電気泳動媒体。
- 前記荷電粒子が無機顔料を含む、請求項1記載の電気泳動媒体。
- 前記荷電粒子がシリカあるいはシリカ/アルミナからなる被覆剤でコーティングされる、先行請求項のいずれか1項記載の電気泳動媒体。
- 前記荷電粒子がポリマーでコーティングされている、先行請求項のいずれか1項記載の電気泳動媒体。
- 前記荷電粒子および前記懸濁流体が少なくとも1つのカプセル内に保持されている、先行請求項のいずれか1項記載の電気泳動媒体。
- 電気泳動媒体を形成するための方法であって、この方法が、
色の異なる少なくとも2つの顔料を混合して顔料混合物を形成するステップと、
前記顔料混合物に少なくとも1回の表面処理を施すステップと、
前記表面処理された顔料混合物を懸濁流体中に分散させて、実質的に同一の電気泳動的流動性を有するが色の異なる少なくとも2種類の粒子を形成するステップと
を特徴とする方法。 - 前記表面処理が、前記顔料混合物をシリカあるいはシリカ/アルミナからなる被覆剤でコーティングするステップを含む、請求項6記載の方法。
- 前記表面処理が、前記顔料混合物にポリマーを形成するステップを含む、請求項6または7記載の方法。
- 前記表面処理が、前記顔料混合物をシランカップリング剤で処理し、ポリマーが前記顔料混合物に付着できる部位を提供するステップと、その後、ポリマーを前記顔料混合物表面上に形成させるのに有効な条件下に前記シリル化した顔料混合物を少なくとも1つのモノマーあるいはオリゴマーで処理するステップとを含む、請求項8記載の方法。
- 前記荷電粒子および前記懸濁流体を少なくとも1つのカプセル内にカプセル化するステップをさらに含む、請求項6〜9のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 電気光学表示媒体(102)と、
前記電気光学表示要素(102)の光学特性を変化するように配置された光学的バイアス用要素と、
前記電気光学表示媒体(102)をアドレスするためのアドレス電極(110、112)とを含む電気光学表示要素(100)であって、
前記光学的バイアス用要素の色が、前記電気光学表示要素(100)の異なる部分部分で変化し、その結果、前記光学的バイアス用要素がカラーフィルタを形成することを特徴とする電気光学表示要素。 - 前記電気光学表示媒体(102)が、懸濁流体(106)と、前記懸濁流体(106)中に懸濁されて前記懸濁流体(106)に電界が印加されるとそこで動き回ることのできる複数の荷電粒子(108、116)と、前記懸濁流体(106)および前記荷電粒子(108、116)を取り囲むカプセル壁を有する少なくとも1つのカプセル(104、104'、104")とを含む電気泳動媒体であって、前記表示要素(100)が、前記カプセルを取り囲む結合剤、および/または前記電気泳動媒体(102)付近に配置された積層接着剤、および/または前記電気泳動媒体(102)と前記ディスプレイの画面との間に配置された前部電極(110)を選択的に含み、前記光学的バイアス用要素が前記カプセル壁、前記結合剤、前記積層接着剤、前記前部電極(110)のうちの少なくとも1つに配置されている、請求項11記載の電気光学表示要素。
- 複数のカプセルを含む電気泳動媒体であって、カプセルのそれぞれが、懸濁流体と、前記懸濁流体中に懸濁されて前記懸濁流体に電界が印加されるとそこで動き回ることのできる複数の荷電粒子と、前記懸濁流体および前記荷電粒子を取り囲むカプセル壁とを含み、前記媒体がカラーフィルタアレイをさらに含む媒体であって、前記カラーフィルタアレイが複数の非矩形ピクセルを有することを特徴とする電気泳動媒体。
- 前記カラーフィルタアレイの前記ピクセルが六角形、正方形、あるいは三角形である、請求項13記載の電気泳動媒体。
- 固体電気光学媒体層と、そこに電界を印加するために前記電気光学媒体層付近に配置された少なくとも1つの電極と、前記電気光学媒体と前記電極との間に配置されたカラーフィルタアレイとを含む電気光学ディスプレイであって、前記カラーフィルタアレイの抵抗が前記電気光学媒体層の抵抗よりも実質的に大きくないことを特徴とする電気光学ディスプレイ。
- 前記カラーフィルタアレイが約1010ohm−cm以下の体積抵抗率を有する、請求項15記載の電気光学ディスプレイ。
- 電気光学ディスプレイに使用するための構成要素である製品(300)であって、前記製品が、第一表面およびその反対側に第二表面を有する固体電気光学媒体層(302)と、前記固体電気光学媒体層(302)の前記第一表面上にある第一接着材層(308)とを含む製品であって、前記固体電気光学媒体層(302)から前記第一接着材層(308)の反対側に配置された剥離シート(310)と、前記固体電気光学媒体層(302)の前記第二表面上にある第二接着材層(312)とを特徴とする製品。
- 前記固体電気光学媒体層(302)から前記第二接着材層(312)の反対側に配置された第二剥離シート(314)をさらに含む、請求項17記載の製品。
- 前記電気光学媒体(302)が複数のカプセル(304)を含む電気泳動媒体であって、カプセルのそれぞれが、懸濁流体と、前記懸濁流体中に懸濁されて前記懸濁流体に電界が印加されるとそこで動き回ることのできる複数の荷電粒子と、前記懸濁流体および前記荷電粒子を取り囲むカプセル壁とを含む、請求項17または18記載の製品。
- 前記第一および第二接着材層(308、312)が前記電気光学媒体層(302)の周辺部より先に延びている、請求項17〜19のいずれか1項記載の製品。
- 電気光学ディスプレイで使用するための構成要素である製品(300)であって、前記製品が、
第一表面およびその反対側に第二表面を有する固体電気光学媒体層(302)と、
前記固体電気光学媒体層(302)の前記第一表面を保護する第一剥離シート(310)とを含む製品であって、
前記固体電気光学媒体層(302)の前記第二表面を保護する第二剥離シート(314)を特徴とする製品(300)。 - 前記電気光学媒体(302)が複数のカプセル(304)を含む電気泳動媒体であって、カプセルのそれぞれが、懸濁流体と、前記懸濁流体中に懸濁されて前記懸濁流体に電界が印加されるとそこで動き回ることのできる複数の荷電粒子と、前記懸濁流体および前記荷電粒子を取り囲むカプセル壁とを含む、請求項21記載の製品。
- 電気光学ディスプレイを形成するための方法であって、
第一表面およびその反対側に第二表面を有する固体電気光学媒体層と、前記固体電気光学媒体層の前記第一表面上にある第一接着材層と、前記固体電気光学媒体層から前記第一接着材層の反対側に配置された剥離シートと、前記固体電気光学媒体層の前記第二表面上にある第二接着材層とを含む製品を提供するステップと、
前記第一接着材層を介して前面基板に前記製品を積層し、それにより前部サブアセンブリを形成するステップと、
前記剥離シートを前記前部サブアセンブリから除去するステップと、
前記前部サブアセンブリを前記第一接着材層を介して少なくとも1つの電極を含む背面板へ積層し、それにより前記電気光学ディスプレイを形成するステップと
を特徴とする方法。 - 前記前面基板が電極を含む、請求項23記載の方法。
- 前記前面基板がカラーフィルタアレイを含む、請求項23または24記載の方法。
- 前記製品が前記第二接着材層を保護する第二剥離シートを含み、前記方法が、前記製品を前記前面基板へ積層する前に前記第二剥離シートを前記第二接着材層から除去するステップを含む、請求項23〜25のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記製品の前記第一および第二接着材層が前記電気光学媒体層の周辺部より先に延び、前記方法の間、前記第一および第二接着材層の前記周辺部分が相互に接着され、それにより前記電気光学媒体の周りに端面シールを形成する、請求項23〜26のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- カラーフィルタアレイを形成するための方法であって、
感光性フィルムをイメージングし、その上にカラーフィルタアレイのパターンを形成するステップと、
その後、前記感光性フィルム上に導電層を堆積するステップと
を特徴とする方法。 - 電気泳動ディスプレイを形成するための方法であって、前記方法が、
カラーフィルタアレイを提供するステップと、
複数のカプセルを含む電気泳動媒体であって、カプセルのそれぞれが、懸濁流体と、前記懸濁流体中に懸濁されて前記懸濁流体に電界が印加されるとそこで動き回ることのできる複数の荷電粒子と、前記懸濁流体および前記荷電粒子を取り囲むカプセル壁とを含む電気泳動媒体を提供するステップとを含む方法であって、
前記カラーフィルタアレイ上に前記電気泳動媒体を堆積してコーティングされたカラーフィルタアレイを形成するステップと、
その後、前記コーティングされたカラーフィルタアレイを、少なくとも1つの画素電極を含む背面板へ積層するステップとを特徴とする方法。 - 前記カラーフィルタアレイの前記表面が前記堆積より前に表面処理されて、前記表面上で表面エネルギーが変化する領域を生成する、請求項29記載の方法。
- 電極上に電気泳動媒体を堆積するための方法であって、前記方法が、
電極を提供するステップと、
複数のカプセルを含む電気泳動媒体であって、カプセルのそれぞれが、懸濁流体と、前記懸濁流体中に懸濁されて前記懸濁流体に電界が印加されるとそこで動き回ることのできる複数の荷電粒子と、前記懸濁流体および前記荷電粒子を取り囲むカプセル壁とを含む電気泳動媒体を提供するステップとを含む方法であって、
前記電極を表面処理してその上で表面エネルギーが変化する領域を生成するステップと、
前記電気泳動媒体を前記表面処理された電極上に堆積するステップとを特徴とする方法。 - 電気泳動ディスプレイを形成するための方法であって、前記方法が、
前面基板を提供するステップと、
背面板を提供するステップと、
複数のカプセルを含む電気泳動媒体であって、カプセルのそれぞれが、懸濁流体と、前記懸濁流体中に懸濁されて前記懸濁流体に電界が印加されるとそこで動き回ることのできる複数の荷電粒子と、前記懸濁流体および前記荷電粒子を取り囲むカプセル壁とを含む電気泳動媒体を提供するステップとを含む方法であって、
前記前面基板の表面を表面処理して前記カプセルによりその濡れを促進するステップと、
前記背面板の表面を表面処理して前記カプセルによりそのディウェッティングを促進するステップと
前記前面基板および前記背面板を、それらの前記処理表面が相互に向き合うようにし、前記処理表面間に隙間を持たせて共に組み立てるステップと
前記電気泳動媒体を前記隙間へ導入し、それによって前記電気泳動媒体の前記カプセルが前記前面基板の前記処理表面に対してパッキングされるステップと
を特徴とする方法。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010504557A (ja) * | 2006-09-20 | 2010-02-12 | イー インク コーポレイション | 電気光学ディスプレイにおける使用のためのコンポーネントおよび方法 |
| JP2010504403A (ja) * | 2006-09-22 | 2010-02-12 | イー インク コーポレイション | 電気−光学ディスプレイおよびその中での使用のための材料 |
| KR101319330B1 (ko) * | 2007-02-15 | 2013-10-16 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 일렉트로닉 잉크 화상 표시장치 |
| JP2012519883A (ja) * | 2009-03-03 | 2012-08-30 | イー インク コーポレイション | カラーフィルタを備えた電気光学ディスプレイ |
| JP2011221092A (ja) * | 2010-04-05 | 2011-11-04 | Seiko Epson Corp | 電気泳動表示装置、電子機器及び電気泳動表示体 |
| JP2012058672A (ja) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-03-22 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 仮基材付電子ペーパー用部材、電子ペーパー、およびそれらの製造方法 |
| JP2025511995A (ja) * | 2022-04-13 | 2025-04-16 | イー インク コーポレイション | カプセル化電気泳動媒体のパターニングされたエリアを含むディスプレイ材料 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7561324B2 (en) | 2009-07-14 |
| AU2003265922A1 (en) | 2004-03-29 |
| US20180046054A9 (en) | 2018-02-15 |
| US20180231865A1 (en) | 2018-08-16 |
| WO2004023195A2 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
| HK1115767A1 (en) | 2008-12-05 |
| US20090225398A1 (en) | 2009-09-10 |
| CN1678954A (zh) | 2005-10-05 |
| US20140347718A1 (en) | 2014-11-27 |
| EP3056941A3 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
| AU2003265922A8 (en) | 2004-03-29 |
| JP2016048405A (ja) | 2016-04-07 |
| JP6190400B2 (ja) | 2017-08-30 |
| EP1552337B1 (en) | 2016-04-27 |
| JP5719122B2 (ja) | 2015-05-13 |
| WO2004023195A3 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
| CN101109885B (zh) | 2012-06-13 |
| US20200183247A1 (en) | 2020-06-11 |
| US20040155857A1 (en) | 2004-08-12 |
| CN100397227C (zh) | 2008-06-25 |
| HK1082055A1 (zh) | 2006-05-26 |
| EP3056941A2 (en) | 2016-08-17 |
| EP1552337A2 (en) | 2005-07-13 |
| US11520179B2 (en) | 2022-12-06 |
| US10444590B2 (en) | 2019-10-15 |
| US20160342065A1 (en) | 2016-11-24 |
| CN101109885A (zh) | 2008-01-23 |
| ES2718048T3 (es) | 2019-06-27 |
| JP2010204687A (ja) | 2010-09-16 |
| EP3056941B1 (en) | 2019-01-09 |
| JP2015079278A (ja) | 2015-04-23 |
| US10599005B2 (en) | 2020-03-24 |
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