ES3033075T3 - Natural orifice surgery system - Google Patents
Natural orifice surgery systemInfo
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- ES3033075T3 ES3033075T3 ES22188302T ES22188302T ES3033075T3 ES 3033075 T3 ES3033075 T3 ES 3033075T3 ES 22188302 T ES22188302 T ES 22188302T ES 22188302 T ES22188302 T ES 22188302T ES 3033075 T3 ES3033075 T3 ES 3033075T3
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- tubular body
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
- A61B17/3421—Cannulas
- A61B17/3423—Access ports, e.g. toroid shape introducers for instruments or hands
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
- A61B17/3421—Cannulas
- A61B17/3439—Cannulas with means for changing the inner diameter of the cannula, e.g. expandable
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/42—Gynaecological or obstetrical instruments or methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
- A61B2017/3419—Sealing means between cannula and body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
- A61B17/3421—Cannulas
- A61B2017/345—Cannulas for introduction into a natural body opening
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
- A61B17/3421—Cannulas
- A61B2017/345—Cannulas for introduction into a natural body opening
- A61B2017/3452—Cannulas for introduction into a natural body opening for the rectum, e.g. for hemorrhoid surgery
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B17/3462—Trocars; Puncturing needles with means for changing the diameter or the orientation of the entrance port of the cannula, e.g. for use with different-sized instruments, reduction ports, adapter seals
- A61B2017/3466—Trocars; Puncturing needles with means for changing the diameter or the orientation of the entrance port of the cannula, e.g. for use with different-sized instruments, reduction ports, adapter seals for simultaneous sealing of multiple instruments
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
- A61B2017/348—Means for supporting the trocar against the body or retaining the trocar inside the body
- A61B2017/3482—Means for supporting the trocar against the body or retaining the trocar inside the body inside
- A61B2017/3484—Anchoring means, e.g. spreading-out umbrella-like structure
- A61B2017/3486—Balloon
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Gynecology & Obstetrics (AREA)
- Pregnancy & Childbirth (AREA)
- Reproductive Health (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
Abstract
Se describen realizaciones de un sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgico que comprende un retractor adaptado para acoplarse a un capuchón, especialmente útil en cirugía de orificios naturales. El retractor comprende un anillo exterior, configurado para colocarse cerca del orificio natural de la paciente y rodearlo sustancialmente; un cuerpo tubular; y diversos mecanismos estabilizadores que rodean el cuerpo tubular, dimensionados y configurados para estabilizar y retener el retractor dentro del orificio. Las realizaciones estabilizadoras descritas aquí son útiles en todos los orificios naturales y son especialmente útiles en la cirugía vaginal. (Traducción automática con Google Translate, sin valor legal)
Description
DESCRIPCIÓN
Sistema de cirugía por orificios naturales
Antecedentes
Campo técnico
Esta solicitud está dirigido generalmente a un sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgico y particularmente, pero no exclusivamente, a un sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgico que comprende una tapa, que es útil en procedimientos quirúrgicos por un puerto único de orificio natural y que es particularmente útil en procedimientos quirúrgicos vaginales.
Descripción de la técnica relacionada
Los dispositivos de acceso se usan comúnmente en cirugía para facilitar la introducción de diversos instrumentos quirúrgicos en vasos, conductos, orificios y cavidades biológicas naturales y otras regiones interiores del cuerpo. Estos dispositivos de acceso incluyen, por ejemplo, dispositivos que facilitan la introducción de una aguja en un vaso y trocares que facilitan la introducción de instrumentos laparoscópicos en el abdomen del cuerpo.
Algunos de estos dispositivos de acceso se introducen en regiones que incluyen un fluido o gas a presión. En el caso de un dispositivo de acceso de aguja, la presión puede provenir de un líquido, como la sangre. En el caso de un trócar, la presión puede provenir de un gas, como un gas de insuflación. En cualquier caso, es deseable prever la introducción del instrumento quirúrgico en la cavidad sin permitir el escape del fluido o gas a presión.
En el caso de los trócares, una cánula en el extremo distal del trócar se conecta normalmente a un alojamiento sellado en el extremo proximal del trócar. Juntos, la cánula y el alojamiento forman un canal de trabajo a través del cual se pueden insertar varios instrumentos para acceder a la cavidad. Los mecanismos de sellado se disponen comúnmente en el alojamiento e incluyen una válvula de septum que sella el canal de trabajo cuando se coloca un instrumento, y una válvula de cierre cero que sella el canal de trabajo cuando se retira el instrumento.
Los puertos de acceso quirúrgico actuales permiten el acceso a un solo instrumento a través de cada puerto, o permiten el acceso a múltiples instrumentos a través de una cánula rígida. Algunos dispositivos, como las unidades de microcirugía endoscópica transanal (TEMS), requieren que el dispositivo se sujete a la mesa quirúrgica para soportar el peso del dispositivo, así como para ubicar la posición del dispositivo con respecto al paciente. Estos dispositivos no proporcionan flexibilidad al cirujano a la hora de seleccionar el tamaño del instrumento y restringen el movimiento del instrumento con sus cánulas rígidas. Además, los cirujanos llevan a cabo procedimientos quirúrgicos laparoscópicos a través de un solo o un número limitado de puertos de acceso. Los procedimientos se pueden realizar a través de una única incisión de dos (2) centímetros en el ombligo o, en ciertos casos, por vía transvaginal o transanal. Lo que se necesita es un sistema que satisfaga las necesidades de estos nuevos procedimientos, facilitando un movimiento más flexible de los instrumentos laparoscópicos a través de un único puerto o un número limitado de puertos a la vez que se evita el escape de fluidos o gases a presión y permite la extracción de grandes muestras. Lo que se necesita particularmente es un sistema de acceso que pueda desplegarse dentro de una cavidad corporal natural, como la vagina, proporcionando un sistema sellado para la insuflación y una plataforma para la introducción de múltiples instrumentos quirúrgicos de diferentes tamaños, a la vez que se mantiene la estabilidad suficiente para anclar el sistema dentro de la cavidad sin dañar la pared de la cavidad del cuerpo. Los documentos US2013/245381 A1 y US2011/144443 A1 divulgan puertos de acceso quirúrgicos de la técnica anterior.
Sumario de la invención
De acuerdo con la presente invención se proporciona un sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgico como se reivindica en la Reivindicación 1 de esta especificación.
Breve descripción de los dibujos
La figura 1 es una vista lateral de un paciente en cirugía que ilustra un dispositivo de acceso colocado en el abdomen y en uso.
La figura 2 es una vista lateral en sección transversal que ilustra un retractor de heridas retrayendo la vagina de una paciente, con una tapa de gel sellando la abertura del retractor de heridas.
La figura 3 es una vista frontal que ilustra un dispositivo de acceso desplegado y en uso en la boca del paciente.
La figura 4 es una vista superior que ilustra un paciente en posición prona con un dispositivo de acceso desplegado y en uso en el ano del paciente.
La figura 5A es una imagen de los componentes de un sistema de dispositivo de acceso útil para cirugía de orificios naturales;
La figura 5B es una vista en perspectiva del retractor de la figura 5A.
La figura 6A es una vista en perspectiva de un sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgico de acuerdo con la presente invención en forma de miembro retractor de orificio natural adaptado para proporcionar retracción y acceso sin insuflación, mostrado en una configuración abierta.
La figura 6B es una vista transversal del retractor de orificio natural de la figura 6A..
La figura 6C es una vista lateral en primer plano de las roscas de tornillo dispuestas alrededor del manguito de retención y del cuerpo tubular del retractor de orificio natural de la figura 6B.
La figura 6D es una vista transversal del retractor de orificio natural de la figura 6A, mostrado en una configuración cerrada.
La figura 6E es una vista lateral de primer plano de un mecanismo de trinquete para fijar el manguito de retención al cuerpo tubular de un retractor de orificio natural similar al ilustrado en la figura 6A.
La figura 7A es una vista en perspectiva de un obturador adaptado para facilitar la introducción de un retractor de orificio natural en un orificio corporal tal como una vagina.
La figura 7B es una vista lateral del obturador de la figura 7A.
La figura 7C es una vista en perspectiva de un obturador que tiene una pieza de eje recto, adaptado para facilitar la introducción de un retractor de orificio natural en un orificio corporal tal como una vagina.
La figura 7D es una vista en perspectiva de un retractor dispuesto sobre el obturador de la figura 7C.
La figura 7E es una vista en perspectiva de un obturador, modificado con una muesca para dejar espacio para el puerto de inflado y adaptado para facilitar la introducción de un retractor de orificio natural en un orificio corporal tal como una vagina.
Los componentes similares tienen números de referencia similares en toda la descripción.
Descripción detallada de ciertas realizaciones
Un sistema de dispositivo de acceso para instrumentos quirúrgicos es útil, por ejemplo, para procedimientos quirúrgicos laparoscópicos de incisión única, puerto único y/o puerto limitado, por ejemplo, abdominal (figura 1), transvaginal (figura 2), transoral (figura 3) y transanal (figura 4). En la publicación de solicitud de patente de EE. UU. n° 2009/0187079 y en la patente EE. UU. n° 7,727,146 se describen diversos dispositivos de acceso a instrumentos quirúrgicos. La figura 5A muestra un ejemplo de un sistema de dispositivo de acceso que comprende un retractor 6100, un introductor 6400 que se muestra insertado en el retractor como si fuera a colocarse en un orificio corporal, una tapa 6200, uno o más puertos 6310, y un obturador 6600, que es útil en procedimientos de puerto único y/o puerto limitado. El retractor 6100 se coloca y/o posiciona a través de una incisión quirúrgica y/o de un orificio corporal para agrandar, remodelar y/o aislar el orificio corporal. La tapa 6200 proporciona una pared corporal artificial a través de la cual los instrumentos acceden al interior del cuerpo de un paciente, por ejemplo, una cavidad corporal, a través de los puertos 6310. El retractor 6100 puede introducirse en un orificio utilizando el introductor 6400; los puertos 6310 pueden colocarse a través de la tapa de gel utilizando un obturador 6600. Los componentes del dispositivo de acceso se componen de cualquier material adecuado biológicamente compatible.
Con la tapa de gel 6200 unida al retractor 6100, el sistema de dispositivo de acceso permite al usuario inflar el orificio, como el canal vaginal. La distensión del canal provocada por la insuflación proporciona una mayor visualización de la anatomía (en comparación, por ejemplo, con la histerectomía vaginal tradicional) y elimina la necesidad del uso de retractores mecánicos rígidos que pueden dañar los tejidos blandos. La tapa de gel se puede quitar en cualquier momento durante el procedimiento quirúrgico para permitir la extracción de una muestra.
El retractor 6100 está hecho de un elastómero termoplástico semiflexible o polímero termoestable. Para uso en procedimientos vaginales, una longitud de aproximadamente 4 cm a 7 cm y un diámetro de aproximadamente 3 cm a 5 cm se adaptarán a una variedad de anatomías. El retractor se retrae y ocluye la vagina. Unos puntos de sutura 6160 en el extremo proximal 6152 y/o una brida 6110 a lo largo del cuerpo tubular pueden ayudar a evitar que el retractor se desprenda una vez colocado en su sitio. La tapa de gel 6200 puede fijarse con la ayuda de una palanca 6135 que se bloquea debajo del anillo proximal 6120 del retractor 6100. Esto crea un sello resistente a la presión y es posible la insuflación a través de los puertos de insuflación 6145 de la tapa de gel. La evacuación de gases es posible a través del puerto que no se está utilizando para la insuflación. Se pueden colocar puertos para instrumentos 6310 en la tapa de gel 6200 para permitir el uso de diversos instrumentos laparoscópicos. A continuación, se puede separar la tapa de gel y se pueden extraer las muestras a través del retractor 6100.
Yendo a la figura 5B, el anillo exterior 6120 es proximal a una sección de embudo 6140 y el anillo exterior 6120 tiene un perfil sustancialmente circular. El anillo exterior 6120 puede dimensionarse y configurarse para acoplarse de manera estanca a una tapa u otro dispositivo de acceso en el mismo. Se pueden colocar uno o más puntos de sutura 6160 en el retractor 6100 adyacente al anillo exterior 6120. Generalmente, dos puntos de sutura 6160 son diametralmente opuestos con respecto al perfil de forma general circular del anillo exterior 6120. El retractor puede incluir más de, o menos de dos puntos de sutura dispuestos en diversas ubicaciones con respecto al anillo exterior 6120.
Continuando con la referencia a la figura 5B, el cuerpo tubular 6130 tiene un perfil de forma general circular que define un pasaje de forma general cilíndrica 6150. El pasaje de forma general cilíndrica es deseablemente lo suficientemente grande para alojar más de un instrumento laparoscópico a su través, de modo que se puede usar un dispositivo único de acceso a un orificio natural para proporcionar acceso a múltiples instrumentos quirúrgicos en una cavidad corporal. Además, el pasaje de forma generalmente cilíndrica, de forma deseable es lo suficientemente grande como para que múltiples instrumentos quirúrgicos posicionados a su través puedan trasladarse o girar entre sí, permitiendo que un cirujano manipule los instrumentos como desee durante un procedimiento quirúrgico. El pasaje de forma general cilíndrica se extiende entre un extremo proximal 6152 del retractor 6100 adyacente al anillo exterior 6120 a un extremo distal 6154 del retractor 6100 adyacente a la brida 6110. En las figuras 5A y 5B, el cuerpo tubular 6130 tiene una sección transversal circular. El cuerpo tubular 6130 puede tener otra forma, por ejemplo, tener una sección transversal ovalada, una sección transversal octogonal u otras formas que puedan ser apropiadas para el orificio natural de interés. El cuerpo tubular 6130 puede comprender uno o más revestimientos que proporcionan una funcionalidad adicional, por ejemplo, un revestimiento antimicrobiano.
El segmento del embudo 6140 proporciona una reducción diametral entre el diámetro relativamente grande del anillo exterior 6120, que está dimensionado y configurado para acoplarse de manera removible a un dispositivo de acceso tal como una tapa, y el diámetro relativamente más pequeño del pasaje 6150, que está dimensionado para caber dentro de un orificio natural con una distensión mínima del orificio. El segmento del embudo 6140 tiene una superficie interior que puede proporcionar una superficie de apoyo para un obturador o introductor utilizado para avanzar hacia el retractor 6100 en una cavidad del cuerpo. Alternativamente, el segmento de embudo puede tener una conicidad sustancialmente lineal entre el diámetro relativamente grande y el diámetro relativamente más pequeño, de modo que la superficie interior es un segmento troncocónico, o, el segmento de embudo 5 puede tener un perfil curvo entre el diámetro relativamente grande y el diámetro relativamente más pequeño. En una alternativa adicional puede no haber ninguna sección de embudo, como cuando el cuerpo tubular se conecta directamente al anillo exterior.
Puede ser deseable que el anillo exterior 6120 sea relativamente rígido en comparación con el cuerpo tubular relativamente flexible 6130 del retractor 6100 para que el anillo exterior 6120 pueda acoplar de forma hermética un dispositivo de acceso tal como una tapa. Con referencia a la figura 5B, se ilustra una vista en perspectiva del retractor con un recorte parcial del anillo exterior 6120. El anillo exterior 6120 incluye una ranura anular 6122 formada en el mismo, en el que está dispuesto un miembro de refuerzo 6124. El miembro de refuerzo 6124 puede comprender un miembro metálico tal como un alambre conformado en forma de anillo. Por ejemplo, el elemento de refuerzo 6124 puede comprender un anillo de acero inoxidable colocado dentro de la ranura 6122 durante la fabricación del retractor 6100 o el miembro de refuerzo 6124 puede comprender un miembro no metálico inyectable. Por ejemplo, se puede inyectar un material de policarbonato o polímero relleno de vidrio en la ranura 6122 durante la fabricación del retractor 6100.
Mientras que el retractor ilustrado 6100 incluye un miembro de refuerzo para mejorar la rigidez del anillo exterior 6120, se puede formar el retractor 6100 en un proceso de moldeo de múltiples disparos. Por ejemplo, un segmento interior del retractor definido por el cuerpo tubular 6130 y la brida 6110 podría formarse en una operación de moldeo a partir de un material flexible, y un segmento exterior del retractor 6100 definido por el segmento del embudo 6140 y el anillo exterior 6120 se forma en otra operación de moldeo a partir de un material relativamente rígido tal como un material de policarbonato u otro material adecuado.
Siguiendo con la referencia a la figura 5B, el retractor 6100 incluye una ranura continua generalmente anular. En otras configuraciones, varios rebajes no contiguos pueden alojar cada uno de varios elementos de refuerzo. Además, el anillo exterior puede incluir dos o más ranuras concéntricas generalmente anulares, cada una de las cuales aloja un elemento de refuerzo correspondiente.
En las figuras 6A-6D se muestra una realización de un sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgico de orificio natural, de acuerdo con la presente invención, configurado para proporcionar retracción y acceso sin utilizar gases de insuflación. En algunos orificios naturales, por ejemplo, la vagina, la presión de un insuflador estándar puede ser insuficiente para mantener un espacio de trabajo quirúrgico visible y estable debido a las fugas y la ondulación generadas por las sobrepresiones del insuflador. En esta configuración, el retractor 6100 cuenta con un anillo proximal 6120 y un cuerpo tubular 6130, el cual está adaptado para acoplarse a un manguito de retención 6143. El manguito de retención incluye un labio 6144 en el extremo proximal y al menos dos brazos retráctiles 6146 en el extremo distal. Los brazos retráctiles están conectados al manguito de retención mediante una bisagra articulada 6147 que permite que los brazos se muevan entre una posición cerrada (figura 6D), en la que los extremos distales de los brazos están próximos, y una posición abierta (figuras 6A, 6B), en la que los extremos distales de los brazos se separan. Opcionalmente, los brazos retráctiles pueden incluir un cable angulado 6148 cerca de la bisagra 6147.
En la realización de las figuras 6A-6D, el cuerpo tubular incluye una rosca externa 6149 que rodea su exterior y que se acopla a una rosca interna 6151 dispuesta alrededor de la superficie del lumen interior del manguito de retención 6143. Véase la figura 6C.
En una realización alternativa, se puede utilizar un mecanismo de trinquete compuesto por los dientes 6153 y una serie de trinquetes 6155 en lugar de las roscas internas y externas (véase la figura 6E). El mecanismo de trinquete permite que el retractor avance a través del lumen del manguito de retención con relativa facilidad, a la vez que resiste el retroceso hasta que se presionan manualmente los lados del cuerpo tubular del retractor para liberar el mecanismo de trinquete.
Durante el uso, el cuerpo tubular 6130 del retractor 6100 avanza a través del lumen del manguito de retención 6143 hasta que hace contacto con los brazos retractores 6146. El cable angulado 6148 del brazo retractor permite una apertura gradual para adaptarse a diversas anatomías. El labio 6144 del manguito de retención impide que el extremo proximal del lumen entre en el orificio y proporciona un punto de apoyo durante el avance del retractor. Como se observa en las figuras 6A y 6B, el canal completamente avanzado presiona los brazos retractores, haciéndolos ensanchar y manteniendo abierto el canal vaginal. Con el tejido del canal vaginal retraído, se accede directamente al cuello uterino y al tejido circundante. En la figura 6D, el retractor se retrae; los brazos retractores se desacoplan y pueden plegarse. Este estado facilita la inserción y extracción del orificio.
Un sistema de acceso por orificio natural puede incluir un retractor 6100 y un obturador opcional 6400 (figura 7A-7B). El obturador puede tener una superficie de apoyo proximal 6410 dimensionada y configurada para apoyarse contra la superficie interna 6142 del segmento del embudo 6140 y una superficie de dilatación distal 6420 dimensionada y configurada para expandir un orificio natural para el paso del retractor 6100. Así, durante la inserción del retractor 6100 en un orificio natural, la superficie de dilatación 6420 expande un camino hacia un sitio quirúrgico en una cavidad corporal mientras el obturador se apoya en la superficie interna 6142 del segmento de embudo 6140 para hacer avanzar el retractor 6100 hacia su posición en el sitio quirúrgico. Además, el obturador puede tener un mango 6430 en un extremo proximal del mismo adaptado para facilitar la torsión o rotación selectiva del obturador alrededor de un eje longitudinal del mismo durante la inserción.
Como se muestra en la disposición alternativa de la figura 7C, el obturador 6405 puede incluir una pieza de eje recto 6425 entre la superficie de dilatación distal 6420 y la superficie de apoyo proximal 6410 que facilita la dilatación del orificio natural previo a la inserción del retractor. A continuación, éste se puede combinar con el retractor 6100 para ayudar a facilitar la inserción, como se muestra en la figura 7D.
En disposiciones que tienen un miembro inflable en el retractor, el obturador opcional 6400 puede modificarse con una muesca 6139 para proporcionar espacio para el puerto de inflado, como se muestra en la figura 7E.
Algunos ejemplos de tapa utilizan dispositivos de acceso como trócares que se insertan a través de la almohadilla de
Si bien ciertas realizaciones se han mostrado y descrito en particular con referencia a realizaciones ejemplares de los mismos, los expertos en la técnica entenderán que se pueden realizar varios cambios en la forma y los detalles sin apartarse del alcance de la invención tal como se define en las siguientes reivindicaciones.
Claims (14)
1. Un sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgico adaptado para realizar procedimientos quirúrgicos en un orificio natural del paciente que comprende:
un anillo exterior (6120), en el que el anillo exterior (6120) está configurado para estar dispuesto próximo al orificio natural del paciente;
un cuerpo tubular (6130) que tiene un eje longitudinal, un extremo proximal y un extremo distal, en el que el extremo proximal del cuerpo tubular (6130) está acoplado al anillo exterior (6120);
un manguito de retención (6143), comprendiendo el manguito de retención (6143) un eje longitudinal, un extremo proximal, un extremo distal y un lumen, en el que el cuerpo tubular (6130) está dispuesto dentro del lumen y adaptado para moverse paralelo a lo largo del eje longitudinal del manguito de retención (6143); y
al menos dos brazos (6146), siendo el sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgicocaracterizado por que:
cada uno de los al menos dos brazos (6146) está conectado al extremo distal del manguito de retención (6143) mediante una bisagra articulada (6147) configurada para facilitar el movimiento de los al menos dos brazos (6146) entre una posición cerrada y una posición abierta, y
siendo cada uno de los al menos dos brazos (6146) móvil desde la posición cerrada a la posición abierta por el extremo distal del cuerpo tubular (6130) que se acopla con los al menos dos brazos (6146).
2.El sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgico de la reivindicación 1, en el que la bisagra articulada (6147) comprende además un cable angulado (6148) que está configurado para permitir que los al menos dos brazos (6146) se muevan a una velocidad incremental, y en el que el cable angulado (6148) está posicionado para acoplarse al extremo distal del cuerpo tubular (6130) a medida que el cuerpo tubular (6130) se mueve a través del manguito de retención (6143).
3.El sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgico de la reivindicación 1, que comprende además una rosca externa (6149) enrollada alrededor del exterior del cuerpo tubular (6130) y una rosca interna (6151) enrollada alrededor de una superficie interior del lumen del manguito de retención (6143), en donde la rosca externa (6149) está adaptada para acoplarse con la rosca interna (6151) para facilitar el movimiento unidireccional del cuerpo tubular (6130) a través del lumen del manguito de retención (6143).
4. El sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgico de la reivindicación 1, que comprende además una pluralidad de dientes (6153) dispuestos a lo largo de la superficie exterior del cuerpo tubular (6130) y una pluralidad de trinquetes (6155) dispuestos a lo largo de una superficie interior del lumen del manguito de retención (6143), en donde la pluralidad de dientes (6153) están adaptados para acoplarse a la pluralidad de trinquetes (6155) para facilitar el movimiento unidireccional del cuerpo tubular (6130) a través del lumen del manguito de retención (6143).
5. El sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgico de la reivindicación 4, en el que la pluralidad de dientes (6153) del cuerpo tubular (6130) se puede liberar de acoplarse con la pluralidad de trinquetes (6155) del manguito de retención (6143) bajo presión al cuerpo tubular (6130) permitiendo así el movimiento hacia atrás.
6. El sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgico de la reivindicación 1, en el que el cuerpo tubular (6130) comprende un labio (6144) en el extremo proximal, en el que el labio (6144) está configurado para evitar que un extremo proximal del lumen del cuerpo tubular (6130) entre en el orificio natural.
7. El sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgico de la reivindicación 1, en el que el cuerpo tubular (6130) está configurado para recibir un obturador (6400), en el que el obturador (6400) tiene una superficie de apoyo proximal (6410) dimensionada y configurada para apoyarse contra la superficie interior del cuerpo tubular (6130) para expandir el orificio natural del paciente para el paso del cuerpo tubular (6130) a través del orificio natural.
8. El sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgico de la reivindicación 1, en el que los al menos dos brazos (6146) están configurados para plegarse juntos para facilitar la inserción o extracción del sistema de acceso quirúrgico del orificio natural.
9. El sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgico de la reivindicación 1, en el que los al menos dos brazos (6146) están dispuestos para ensancharse para mantener abierto el orificio natural tras la presión sobre los al menos dos brazos (6146).
10. El sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgico de la reivindicación 9, en el que el cuerpo tubular (6130) está adaptado para avanzar a través del lumen del manguito de retención (6143), y en el que la presión corresponde al cuerpo tubular (6130) que avanza a través del manguito de retención (6143) y que hace contacto con los al menos dos brazos (6146).
11. El sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgico de la reivindicación 1, en el que los al menos dos brazos (6146) tienen una primera posición en la que los al menos dos brazos (6146) son paralelos al eje longitudinal y se pueden mover a una segunda posición en la que los al menos dos brazos (6146) están en ángulo con respecto al eje longitudinal.
12. El sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgico de la reivindicación 11, en el que el cuerpo tubular (6130) es móvil a través del lumen del manguito de retención (6143).
13. El sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgico de la reivindicación 12, en el que el cuerpo tubular móvil (6130) contacta con los al menos dos brazos (6146) para mover los al menos dos brazos (6146) a la segunda posición.
14. El sistema de puerto de acceso quirúrgico de la reivindicación 1, que comprende además una tapa (6200) extraíble, en donde la tapa (6200) extraíble está configurada para unirse al anillo exterior (6120), en donde la tapa (6200) extraíble proporciona una superficie de acceso hermético (6210) que comprende una almohadilla de gel.
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| ES15753858T Active ES2731049T3 (es) | 2014-08-15 | 2015-08-14 | Sistema de cirugía por orificio natural |
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| ES (3) | ES3033075T3 (es) |
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