ES2585091T3 - Retención de contrafuerte liberable en una grapadora quirúrgica - Google Patents
Retención de contrafuerte liberable en una grapadora quirúrgica Download PDFInfo
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- ES2585091T3 ES2585091T3 ES13183876.5T ES13183876T ES2585091T3 ES 2585091 T3 ES2585091 T3 ES 2585091T3 ES 13183876 T ES13183876 T ES 13183876T ES 2585091 T3 ES2585091 T3 ES 2585091T3
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- surgical
- stapling apparatus
- surgical stapling
- buttress
- cartridge assembly
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- A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
- A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/11—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for performing anastomosis; Buttons for anastomosis
- A61B17/115—Staplers for performing anastomosis, e.g. in a single operation
- A61B17/1155—Circular staplers comprising a plurality of staples
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Abstract
Un aparato de grapado quirúrgico que incluye un material de contrafuerte liberable, el aparato de grapado quirúrgico comprende: un conjunto de cartucho que incluye una pluralidad de grapas y una superficie de contacto con tejido que define ranuras de retención de grapas, el conjunto de cartucho incluye un canto exterior estampado; un conjunto de yunque que incluye una superficie de contacto con tejido que define huecos de grapa para formar grapas expulsadas desde las ranuras de retención de grapas del conjunto de cartucho; y un material de contrafuerte que incluye una parte exterior retenida dentro del canto exterior estampado del conjunto de cartucho, caracterizado por que la parte exterior del material de contrafuerte está deshilachada.
Description
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DESCRIPCION
Retencion de contrafuerte liberable en una grapadora quirurgica
Antecedentes
Campo tecnico
La presente descripcion esta relacionada con un aparato de grapado quirurgico que incluye contrafuertes quirurgicos que se pueden conectar de manera liberable al aparato de grapado quirurgico, y, en particular, a un aparato de grapado quirurgico que tiene un contrafuerte quirurgico asegurado temporalmente a un yunque y/o conjunto de cartucho de grapas del aparato de grapado quirurgico.
Antecedentes de la tecnica relacionada
Los cirujanos emplean aparatos de grapado quirurgico para aplicar secuencial o simultaneamente una o mas filas de sujetadores, p. ej., grapas o sujetadores en dos piezas, a tejido corporal con la finalidad de unir entre sf segmentos de tejido corporal. Dichos aparatos generalmente incluyen un par de mordazas o estructuras semejantes a dedos entre las que se coloca el tejido corporal que se va a unir. Cuando se acciona, o “dispara”, el aparato de grapado, unas barras de disparo que se mueven longitudinalmente contactan con miembros impulsores de grapas en una de las mordazas. Los miembros impulsores de grapas empujan las grapas quirurgicas a traves del tejido corporal y a un yunque en la mordaza opuesta que forma las grapas. Si se va retirar o separar tejido, se puede proporcionar una hoja de cuchilla en las mordazas del aparato para cortar el tejido entre las lmeas de grapas.
Varios aparatos de grapado quirurgico se basan en hoja de cuchilla que corta alguna parte del material de contrafuerte para efectuar liberacion del contrafuerte. Estos metodos pueden emplear un material secundario o estructura de montaje ademas del material de contrafuerte para proporcionar conexion al aparato de grapado quirurgico. Tfpicamente, las fuerzas de disparo aumentan con cada material que se debe cortar transversalmente con la hoja de cuchilla con el fin de liberar el contrafuerte. Por ejemplo, el documento WO 08/109125 describe un aparato de grapado quirurgico que incluye un contrafuerte quirurgico asegurado de manera liberable por un anclaje. El documento US-A-5397324 describe un aparato de grapado quirurgico con un material de contrafuerte y medios para retener el material de contrafuerte en la superficie de contacto de cartucho.
Sena deseable proporcionar un contrafuerte que se pueda asegurar de manera liberable a un aparato de grapado quirurgico sin la necesidad de un material secundario o estructura de montaje, y sin la necesidad de una hoja de cuchilla para cortar el contrafuerte y/o material secundario o estructura de montaje para liberar el contrafuerte del aparato de grapado quirurgico, dando como resultado de ese modo el uso de menos materiales y fuerzas de disparo mas pequenas.
Compendio
La invencion esta definida en la reivindicacion 1.
Segun un aspecto de la presente descripcion, un aparato de grapado quirurgico que incluye un material de contrafuerte liberable incluye un conjunto de cartucho, un conjunto de yunque y un material de contrafuerte. El conjunto de cartucho incluye una pluralidad de grapas, una superficie de contacto con tejido que define ranuras de retencion de grapas y un canto exterior estampado. El conjunto de yunque incluye una superficie de contacto con tejido que define huecos de grapa para formar grapas expulsadas desde las ranuras de retencion de grapas del conjunto de cartucho. El material de contrafuerte tiene una parte exterior retenida dentro del canto exterior estampado del conjunto de cartucho. En algunas realizaciones, el material de contrafuerte puede incluir rendijas. En algunas realizaciones, la parte exterior del material de contrafuerte puede estar deshilachada.
El canto exterior estampado del conjunto de yunque puede incluir un borde superpuesto a la superficie de contacto con tejido del conjunto de cartucho en relacion espaciada con el mismo y que define un hueco interior entre la superficie de contacto con tejido y el borde. En realizaciones el borde se extiende continuamente alrededor del penmetro entero del material de contrafuerte. En otras realizaciones, el borde incluye una pluralidad de pestanas discontinuas que se extienden alrededor del material de contrafuerte. En algunas realizaciones, el borde puede incluir cantos afilados que se extienden radialmente hacia dentro del canto exterior.
El conjunto de yunque puede incluir un canto exterior estampado y un material de contrafuerte retenido dentro del canto exterior estampado del conjunto de yunque. El canto exterior estampado del conjunto de yunque puede incluir un borde superpuesto a la superficie de contacto con tejido del conjunto de yunque en relacion espaciada con el mismo y que define un hueco interior entre la superficie de contacto con tejido y el borde. En algunas realizaciones, el material de contrafuerte retenido dentro del canto exterior estampado del conjunto de yunque puede incluir rendijas. En algunas realizaciones, la parte exterior del material de contrafuerte retenido dentro del canto exterior estampado del conjunto de yunque puede estar deshilachado. El material de contrafuerte del conjunto de yunque puede ser diferente del material de contrafuerte del conjunto de cartucho.
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En realizaciones, el conjunto de cartucho se asocia con una parte de cuerpo del aparato de grapado quirurgico y el conjunto de yunque incluye un vastago montable de manera desmontable en la parte de cuerpo, el conjunto de yunque es movible acercandose y alejandose de la parte de cuerpo. En dichas realizaciones, el conjunto de cartucho y el conjunto de yunque pueden ser circulares, y el material de contrafuerte puede incluir una abertura central dimensionada para recibir el vastago del conjunto de yunque.
En realizaciones, el conjunto de cartucho se asocia con una primera mordaza y el conjunto de yunque se asocia con una segunda mordaza, las mordazas primera y segunda son selectivamente movibles relativamente entre sf desde una primera posicion de espaciamiento a una segunda posicion en donde las mordazas primera y segunda cooperan para agarrar tejido entre las mismas.
Segun otro aspecto de la presente descripcion, un aparato de grapado quirurgico que incluye un material de contrafuerte liberable incluye un conjunto de cartucho, un conjunto de yunque y un material de contrafuerte. El conjunto de cartucho incluye una pluralidad de grapas y una superficie de contacto con tejido que define ranuras de retencion de grapas. El conjunto de yunque incluye una superficie de contacto con tejido que define huecos de grapa para formar grapas expulsadas desde las ranuras de retencion de grapas del conjunto de cartucho, y un canto exterior estampado. El canto exterior estampado del conjunto de yunque puede incluir un borde superpuesto a la superficie de contacto con tejido del conjunto de yunque en relacion espaciada con el mismo y que define un hueco interior entre la superficie de contacto con tejido y el borde. El material de contrafuerte tiene una parte exterior retenida dentro del canto exterior estampado del conjunto de yunque. En algunas realizaciones, el material de contrafuerte puede incluir rendijas. En algunas realizaciones, la parte exterior del material de contrafuerte puede estar deshilachada.
Segun todavfa otro aspecto de la presente descripcion, un aparato de grapado quirurgico que incluye un material de contrafuerte liberable incluye un conjunto de cartucho que incluye una pluralidad de grapas y una superficie de contacto con tejido que define ranuras de retencion de grapas, un conjunto de yunque que incluye una superficie de contacto con tejido que define huecos de grapa para formar grapas expulsadas desde las ranuras de retencion de grapas del conjunto de cartucho, una cuchilla dispuesta dentro de una ranura de cuchilla formada en la superficie de contacto con tejido del conjunto de cartucho, y un material de contrafuerte que tiene una parte exterior estampada en un canto exterior de uno del conjunto de cartucho y el conjunto de yunque.
Breve descripcion de los dibujos
En esta memoria se describen realizaciones del aparato de grapado quirurgico y del contrafuerte quirurgico, descritos actualmente con referencia a los dibujos adjuntos, en donde:
La figura 1A es una vista en perspectiva de una realizacion ilustrativa del aparato de grapado quirurgico y el contrafuerte quirurgico (mostrados separados de un conjunto de cartucho del aparato de grapado quirurgico) segun una realizacion de la presente descripcion;
La figura 1B es una vista en seccion transversal longitudinal parcial del aparato de grapado quirurgico de la figura 1A que incluye un contrafuerte quirurgico colocado en el mismo y mostrado dispuesto dentro de una zona intestinal;
La figura 1C es una vista ampliada en seccion transversal de la zona de detalle indicada en la figura 1B;
La figura 2 es una vista en planta superior de un contrafuerte quirurgico segun otra realizacion de la presente descripcion que ilustra su conexion con un aparato de grapado quirurgico;
La figura 3 es una vista en perspectiva de un contrafuerte quirurgico, segun una realizacion de la presente descripcion, conectado a un conjunto de yunque;
Las figuras 4A y 4B son vistas en seccion transversal de un cartucho de grapas del aparato de grapado quirurgico y un contrafuerte quirurgico de la presente descripcion, que ilustran un proceso ejemplar de formacion de un canto exterior estampado segun una realizacion de la presente descripcion;
La figura 5 es una vista en planta superior de un contrafuerte quirurgico segun otra realizacion de la presente descripcion;
La figura 6A es una vista en planta superior de un contrafuerte quirurgico segun incluso otra realizacion de la presente descripcion;
La figura 6B es una vista lateral esquematica del contrafuerte quirurgico de la figura 6A colocado en un conjunto de cartucho de grapas segun una realizacion de la presente descripcion;
La figura 7 es una vista en planta superior de un contrafuerte quirurgico segun una realizacion de la presente descripcion que ilustra su conexion con un aparato de grapado quirurgico;
Las figuras 8A y 8B son vistas en perspectiva de un contrafuerte quirurgico asegurado a un conjunto de cartucho de grapas segun realizaciones de la presente descripcion;
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La figura 9 es una vista lateral esquematica de un contrafuerte quirurgico asegurado a un conjunto de cartucho de grapas segun otra realizacion de la presente descripcion;
La figura 10A es una vista en perspectiva de una realizacion ilustrativa de un aparato de grapado quirurgico segun una realizacion de la presente descripcion;
La figura 10B es una vista en perspectiva del contrafuerte quirurgico asegurado al conjunto de cartucho de grapas del aparato de grapado quirurgico de la figura 10A;
La figura 11 es una vista en perspectiva de otra realizacion de un aparato de grapado quirurgico para uso con un contrafuerte quirurgico de la presente descripcion; y
La figura 12 es una vista en perspectiva de incluso otra realizacion de un aparato de grapado quirurgico para uso con un contrafuerte quirurgico de la presente descripcion.
Descripcion detallada de las realizaciones
Diversas realizaciones ejemplares de la presente descripcion se tratan en esta memoria mas adelante desde el punto de vista de contrafuertes quirurgicos para uso con aparato de grapado quirurgico. Los contrafuertes quirurgicos descritos en esta memoria se pueden utilizar para cerrar una herida aproximando los cantos del tejido de herida entre un cartucho de grapas y un yunque de un aparato de grapado quirurgico que contiene al menos un contrafuerte. El al menos un contrafuerte se une al aparato de grapado quirurgico mediante un canto exterior estampado de un yunque y/o conjunto de cartucho de grapas que captura una parte exterior del contrafuerte quirurgico para retener el contrafuerte quirurgico en el mismo. Las grapas disparadas desde el aparato de grapado quirurgico conectan el contrafuerte quirurgico al tejido y mantienen una fuerza en el contrafuerte quirurgico para permitir al contrafuerte quirurgico deslizar fuera desde debajo del canto exterior del yunque y/o conjunto de cartucho de grapas cuando se tira del aparato de grapado quirurgico alejandolo del lugar con anastomosis, liberando el contrafuerte quirurgico del aparato de grapado quirurgico. Asf, la presente descripcion describe contrafuertes quirurgicos, aparato de grapado quirurgico que soporta dichos contrafuertes quirurgicos, y metodos y mecanismos para utilizar los mismos.
Se debe entender que se puede utilizar una variedad de aparatos de grapado quirurgico con un contrafuerte quirurgico de la presente descripcion. Por ejemplo, se pueden utilizar configuraciones de grapadora lineal, tales como, por ejemplo, las que incluyen recargas Duet TRS™ y grapadoras con tecnologfa Tri-Staple™, disponibles en Covidien, que mantiene un lugar principal de negocio en 555 Long Wharf Drive, North Haven, CT 06511, y grapadoras de anastomosis transversal, tales como, por ejemplo, grapadoras EEA™, CEEA™, GIA™, EndoGIA™ y TA™, disponibles en Covidien. Tambien se debe apreciar que los principios de la presente descripcion son igualmente aplicables a grapadoras quirurgicas que tienen configuraciones alternativas, tales como, por ejemplo, grapadoras de anastomosis de extremo con extremo que tienen un cartucho y yunque circulares (vease, p. ej., la patente de EE.UU. de propiedad comun n° 5.915.616, titulada “Surgical Fastener Applying Apparatus”); grapadoras laparoscopicas (vease, p. ej., las patentes de EE.UU. de propiedad comun nos. 6.330.965 y 6.241.139, cada una titulada “Surgical Stapling Apparatus”); y grapadoras de anastomosis transversal (vease, p. ej., las patentes de EE.UU. de propiedad comun nos. 5.964.394 y 7.334.717, cada una titulada “Surgical Fastener Applying Apparatus”).
Ahora se describiran en detalle realizaciones del contrafuerte quirurgico y del aparato de grapado quirurgico descritos actualmente, con referencia a las figuras de dibujos, en donde numerales de referencia semejantes identifican elementos similares o identicos. En la siguiente exposicion, los terminos “proximal” y “atrasado” se pueden emplear de manera intercambiable, y se deben entender como referidos a la parte de una estructura que esta mas cerca de un clmico durante un uso correcto. Los terminos “distal” y “adelantado” tambien se pueden emplear de manera intercambiable, y se deben entender como referidos a la parte de una estructura que esta mas lejos de un clmico durante un uso correcto. Tal como se emplea en esta memoria, el termino “paciente” se debe entender como referido a un sujeto humano u otro animal, y el termino "clmico" se debe entender como referido a un medico, enfermero u otro profesional medico y puede incluir al personal de asistencia.
Haciendo referencia ahora a la figuras 1A y 1B, se describe un aparato de grapado quirurgico o grapadora quirurgica 10 ejemplar para uso en grapado de tejido y aplicacion de un material de contrafuerte o contrafuerte quirurgico al tejido. El aparato de grapado quirurgico 10 generalmente incluye un conjunto de asidero 12 que tiene al menos un miembro de asidero de accionamiento pivotable 33, y un miembro de avance 35. Extendiendose desde el miembro de asidero 12, se proporciona una parte de cuerpo tubular 14 que se puede construir para tener una forma curvada a lo largo de su longitud. La parte de cuerpo 14 termina en un conjunto de cartucho 32 de grapas que incluye una distribucion anular de ranuras 52 de retencion de grapas que tienen una grapa 50 dispuesta en cada una de las ranuras 52 de retencion de grapas. Colocado distalmente del conjunto de cartucho 32 de grapas, se proporciona un conjunto de yunque 20 que incluye un miembro de yunque 21 y un vastago 23 asociado funcionalmente con el mismo para conectar de manera desmontable el conjunto de yunque 20 a una parte extrema distal del aparato de grapado 10.
El conjunto de cartucho 32 de grapas se puede conectar fijamente al extremo distal de la parte de cuerpo tubular 14 o se puede configurar para encajar concentricamente dentro del extremo distal de la parte de cuerpo tubular 14.
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^picamente, el conjunto de cartucho 32 de grapas incluye un empujador 64 de grapas que incluye una parte proximal que tiene una forma generalmente troncoconica y una parte distal que define anillos concentricos de dedos espaciados perifericamente (no se muestran), cada uno de los cuales se recibe dentro de una respectiva ranura de retencion 52 de grapa. Por ejemplo, el empujador de grapas del conjunto de cartucho de grapas puede tener dos anillos concentricos de dedos.
Una cuchilla 30, sustancialmente en forma de copa abierta, el borde de la misma definiendo una hoja 31 de cuchilla, se dispone dentro del conjunto de cartucho 32 de grapas y se monta en una superficie distal de un empujador 64 de grapas. La cuchilla 30 se dispone radialmente hacia dentro de las distribuciones anulares de grapas 50. Por consiguiente, durante el uso, a medida que se hace avanzar el empujador 64 de grapas, la cuchilla 30 tambien avanza axialmente hacia fuera.
Se puede hacer referencia a la patente de EE.UU. de propiedad comun 5.915.616 de Viola et al., referenciada anteriormente, para una exposicion detallada de la construccion y el funcionamiento de un dispositivo de grapado anular.
Un contrafuerte quirurgico 24 se conecta de manera liberable al conjunto de cartucho 32 de grapas por canto exterior superpuesto 36 del conjunto de cartucho 32 de grapas que se estampa, moldea o forma de otro modo para atrapar una parte exterior 26 del contrafuerte quirurgico 24 entre un borde 40 y una superficie orientada hacia/de contacto con tejido 38 del conjunto de cartucho 32 de grapas. Se debe entender que si bien el contrafuerte quirurgico 24 se describe en esta memoria como que esta asociado con el conjunto de cartucho 32 de grapas, el contrafuerte quirurgico 24 se puede asociar, como alternativa o adicionalmente, con el conjunto de yunque 20, como se ilustra en la figura 3. El contrafuerte quirurgico 24 se proporciona para reforzar y/o sellar lmeas de grapas aplicadas al tejido por el aparato de grapado quirurgico 10. El contrafuerte quirurgico 24 se puede configurar hasta cualquier forma, tamano o dimension adecuados para encajar en cualquier aparato quirurgico de grapado, sujecion o disparo.
El contrafuerte quirurgico 24 se fabrica de un material biocompatible que es bioabsorbible o no absorbible, natural o sintetico. Por supuesto, se debe entender que para formar el contrafuerte quirurgico se puede utilizar cualquier combinacion de materiales naturales, sinteticos, bioabsorbibles y no bioabsorbibles. En realizaciones, el contrafuerte quirurgico entero 24, o partes del mismo, se puede fabricar del mismo material o combinacion de materiales que sea homogenea por todo el contrafuerte quirurgico 24. En otras realizaciones, el contrafuerte quirurgico 24 se puede formar de materiales diferentes.
El contrafuerte quirurgico 24 puede ser poroso, no poroso o combinaciones de los mismos. Tambien se concibe que el contrafuerte quirurgico 24 descrito en esta memoria pueda contener una pluralidad de capas en las que se puede configurar cualquier combinacion de capas porosas y no porosas como se trata mas adelante. Por ejemplo, el contrafuerte quirurgico se puede formar para que incluya multiples capas no porosas y capas porosas que se apilan de manera alterna. En otro ejemplo, el contrafuerte quirurgico se puede formar de una manera “tipo sandwich”, en donde las capas exteriores del contrafuerte quirurgico incluyen capas porosas y las capas interiores son capas no porosas. Se concibe ademas que capas no porosas y porosas se puedan colocar en cualquier orden respecto a las superficies de contacto con tejido del conjunto de yunque/cartucho de grapas. Ejemplos de contrafuertes quirurgicos multicapa se describen en la solicitud de patente de Ee.UU. n° de publicacion 2009/0001122, presentada el 27 de junio de 2007, titulada “Buttress and Surgical Stapling Apparatus”.
Algunos ejemplos no limitativos de materiales de los que se pueden hacer capas no porosas y/o porosas del contrafuerte quirurgico 24 incluyen, pero no se limitan a, poli(acido lactico), poli(acido glicolico), poli(hidroxibutirato), poli(fosfocina), poliesteres, glicoles de polietileno, oxidos de polietileno, poliacrilamidas, polihidroxietilmetilacrilato, polivinilpirrolidona, poli(alcohol de vinilo), poli(acido acnlico), poliacetato, policaprolactona, polipropileno, poliesteres alifaticos, gliceroles, poli(aminoacidos), copoli(eteresteres), poli(oxalatos de alquileno), poliamidas, poli(iminocarbonatos), poli(oxalatos de alkileno), poliocaesteres, poliortoesteres, polifosfacenos y copolfmeros, copolfmeros en bloque, homopolfmeros, mezclas y combinaciones de los mismos.
En realizaciones, se utilizan polfmeros biologicos naturales para formar una capa no porosa del contrafuerte quirurgico. Polfmeros biologicos naturales adecuados incluyen, pero no se limitan a, colageno, gelatina, fibrina, fibrinogeno, elastina, queratina, albumina, hidroxietilcelulosa, celulosa, celulosa oxidada, hidroxipropilcelulosa, carboxietilcelulosa, carboximetilcelulosa, quitano, quitosano y combinaciones de los mismos. Adicionalmente, los polfmeros biologicos naturales se pueden combinar con cualquiera de los materiales polimericos descritos en esta memoria para producir una capa no porosa del contrafuerte quirurgico.
En realizaciones, se puede utilizar colageno de origen humano y/o animal, p. ej., colageno porcino o bobino tipo I, colageno humano tipo I o colageno humano tipo III, para formar una capa no porosa del contrafuerte quirurgico. En realizaciones, una capa no porosa del contrafuerte quirurgico segun la presente descripcion se hace de colageno que se oxida o una mezcla de cualesquiera proporciones de colagenos no oxidados y oxidados.
El uso de capa(s) no porosa(s) en el contrafuerte quirurgico puede mejorar la capacidad del contrafuerte quirurgico para resistir desgarros y perforaciones durante los procesos de fabricacion, envfo, manejo y grapado. Ademas, el
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uso de una capa no porosa en el contrafuerte quirurgico tambien puede retardar o impedir el crecimiento entrante de tejido desde los tejidos circundantes, y de ese modo actuar como una barrera de adhesion y/o impedir la formacion de tejido cicatrizal no deseado. Asf, en realizaciones, la capa(s) no porosa del contrafuerte quirurgico puede poseer propiedades de antiadhesion.
Una capa no porosa del contrafuerte quirurgico se puede formar utilizando tecnicas dentro del ambito de los expertos en la tecnica, tales como colada, moldeo y similares.
Cualquiera de las capas porosas del contrafuerte quirurgico puede tener aberturas o poros en al menos una parte de una superficie de las mismas. Como se describe con mayor detalle mas adelante, materiales adecuados para formar una capa porosa incluyen, pero no se limitan a, estructuras fibrosas (p. ej., estructuras de punto, estructuras tejidas, estructuras no tejidas, etc.) y/o espumas (p. ej., espumas de celdas abiertas o cerradas). En realizaciones, los poros pueden ser suficientes en numero y tamano para interconectarse a traves del grosor entero de la capa porosa. Telas tejidas, telas de punto y espuma de celda abierta son ejemplos ilustrativos de estructuras en las que los poros pueden ser suficientes en numero y tamano para interconectarse a traves del grosor entero de la capa porosa. En realizaciones, los poros pueden no interconectarse a traves del grosor entero de la capa porosa, pero en cambio pueden estar presentes en una parte del mismo. Asf, en algunas realizaciones, los poros se pueden ubicar en una parte de la capa porosa, teniendo otras partes de la capa porosa una textura no porosa. Los expertos en la tecnica que lean la presente descripcion concebiran una variedad de patrones de distribucion de poros y configuraciones para la capa porosa. Espuma de celda abierta o materiales no tejidos fundidos son ejemplos ilustrativos de estructuras en las que los poros pueden no interconectarse a traves del grosor entero de la capa porosa.
Cuando una capa porosa del contrafuerte quirurgico es fibrosa, las fibras pueden ser filamentos o hebras adecuadas para tejer o entrecruzar o pueden ser fibras de grapa, tales como las utilizadas frecuentemente para preparar materiales no tejidos. Se pueden utilizar tecnicas de tejido, no tejido, de punto y otras conocidas para hacer el contrafuerte quirurgico. Tecnicas adecuadas para hacer estructuras fibrosas estan dentro del ambito de los expertos en la tecnica.
Cuando una capa porosa del contrafuerte quirurgico es una espuma, la capa porosa se puede formar utilizando cualquier metodo adecuado para formar una espuma o esponja, incluyendo, pero no limitado a, la liofilizacion o secado por congelacion de una composicion. Tecnicas adecuadas para hacer espumas estan dentro del ambito de los expertos en la tecnica.
El origen y los tipos de colagenos que se pueden utilizar para formar la capa porosa son los mismos que los indicados anteriormente para la capa no porosa. Sin embargo, el colageno oxidado o no oxidado se puede liofilizar, secar por congelacion o emulsionar en presencia de un volumen de aire para crear una espuma y luego secarse por congelacion para formar una compresa porosa.
En realizaciones, una capa porosa del contrafuerte quirurgico se puede hacer de colageno desnaturalizado o colageno que haya perdido al menos parcialmente su estructura helicoidal por calentamiento o cualquier otro metodo. El termino “colageno desnaturalizado” significa colageno que ha perdido su estructura helicoidal. El colageno utilizado para la capa porosa tal como se describe en la presente memoria puede ser colageno nativo o atelocolageno. El colageno anteriormente puede haber sido modificado qmmicamente por oxidacion, metilacion, succinilacion, etilacion o cualquier otro proceso conocido.
La capa(s) porosa puede mejorar la capacidad del contrafuerte quirurgico para absorber fluido, reducir sangrado y sellar la herida. Ademas, la capa(s) porosa puede permitir el crecimiento entrante de tejido para fijar el contrafuerte quirurgico en el sitio.
Haciendo referencia de nuevo a las figuras 1B y 1C, el cartucho 32 de grapas incluye un canto exterior 36 que se extiende en una forma de “c” o “u” para formar un borde 40 que se superpone a la superficie de contacto con tejido 38 del conjunto de cartucho 32 de grapas en relacion espaciada para definir un hueco interior 42 que se dimensiona para retener de manera liberable una parte exterior 26 del contrafuerte quirurgico 24 contra la superficie de contacto con tejido 38 del cartucho 32 de grapas. Si bien el borde 40 se muestra como que se extiende continuamente alrededor del penmetro entero del contrafuerte quirurgico, se debe entender que el borde 40 puede ser discontinuo e incluir una pluralidad de pestanas 41 que se extienden alrededor del contrafuerte quirurgico 24, tal como en la configuracion ilustrada en la figura 2, por ejemplo. Se concibe que el canto exterior 36 se pueda estampar por pinzamiento, prensado o deformando de otro modo al menos una parte del canto exterior 36 para capturar al menos una parte del contrafuerte quirurgico 24. El canto exterior se puede estampar, moldear o formar de otro modo.
Como se ilustra en la figura 2, el contrafuerte quirurgico 24 incluye una parte interior 28 que define una abertura 29 para recibir el vastago 23 del conjunto de yunque 20 y una parte exterior 26 que se extiende bajo el borde 40 del canto exterior 36 (figuras 1A-1C) del conjunto de cartucho 32 de grapas.
Con referencia ahora a las figuras 4A y 4B, se ilustra un metodo de estampacion del canto exterior 36 del conjunto de cartucho 32 de grapas (o conjunto de yunque 20) para retener un contrafuerte quirurgico 24. El conjunto de cartucho 32 de grapas y el contrafuerte quirurgico 24 se colocan dentro de un canal de retencion 1022 de la base 1020 del aparato de ensamblaje por estampacion 1000. El conjunto de estampacion 1000, o algo semejante, incluye
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un brazo 1010 conectado funcionalmente a un generador (no se muestra) para capturar y reformar mecanicamente el canto exterior 36 del conjunto de cartucho 32. El brazo 1010 incluye una estampa 1012 que puede incluir una superficie curvada 1014 para formar un borde 40 para retener el contrafuerte 24.
En una realizacion, el conjunto de estampacion 1000 se monta funcionalmente sobre un conjunto de prensa (no se muestra) para aproximar el brazo 1010 acercandolo y alejandolo de la base 1020. De manera alternativa, el conjunto de estampacion 1000 se puede montar de manera segura respecto a la base 1020 y la base 1020 se puede subir y bajar para aproximar la base 1020 acercandola y alejandola del brazo 1010. La presion ejercida hacia abajo sobre el conjunto de cartucho 32 por el brazo 1010, indicada por la flecha en la figura 4A, y la forma de la estampa 1012 desplazan el material que forma el canto exterior 36 del conjunto de cartucho 32 sobre una parte de la superficie de contacto con tejido 38 del conjunto de cartucho 32 para atrapar el contrafuerte quirurgico 24 entre el borde formado 40 y la superficie de contacto con tejido 38. En realizaciones, la adicion de calor puede provocar que el canto exterior 36 se funda, reformando de ese modo el canto exterior 36 hacia un borde 40 sobre el contrafuerte quirurgico 24 para retener el contrafuerte quirurgico 24 sobre el conjunto de cartucho 32. Se debe entender que la estampa 1012 se puede configurar en una variedad de formas para laminar, pinzar, acunar o reformar de otro modo el canto exterior 36 del cartucho 32 de grapas para capturar la parte exterior 26 del contrafuerte quirurgico 24 en el conjunto de cartucho 32.
Como alternativa, durante la fabricacion, el canto exterior estampado 36 del conjunto de cartucho 32 se puede formar sin un contrafuerte quirurgico 24 presente. En cambio, se puede colocar un material de espaciamiento (no se muestra) sobre la superficie de contacto con tejido 38 del conjunto de cartucho 32 para formar un hueco interior 42 (figura 1C) dentro del que se puede cargar mas tarde el contrafuerte quirurgico 24. Despues de estampar el canto exterior 36, el contrafuerte 24 se puede acunar entre el borde 40 y la superficie de contacto con tejido 38 del conjunto de cartucho 32. En realizaciones, como se ilustra en la figura 5, el contrafuerte quirurgico 24 puede incluir rendijas 19 para facilitar la carga y colocacion flexibles del contrafuerte quirurgico 24 bajo el borde 40 del conjunto de cartucho 32.
Haciendo referencia de nuevo a las figuras 1A-1C, el aparato de grapado quirurgico 10 y el conjunto de yunque 20 desconectable se utilizan en un procedimiento de anastomosis para efectuar la union de secciones intestinales 1 y 2, u otro tejido corporal, vasos o luces. El procedimiento de anastomosis se realiza tipicamente utilizando tecnicas quirurgicas mmimamente invasivas, incluidos medios e instrumentacion laparoscopicos. En el punto del procedimiento mostrado en la figura 1B, una seccion intestinal enferma ha sido extirpada previamente, el conjunto de yunque 20 ha sido aplicado al lugar de operacion ya sea a traves de una incision quirurgica o transanalmente y colocado dentro de la seccion intestinal 2, y la parte de cuerpo tubular 14 del aparato de grapado quirurgico 10 ha sido insertada transanalmente en la seccion intestinal 1. Las secciones intestinales 1 y 2 tambien se muestran aseguradas temporalmente alrededor de sus respectivos componentes (p. ej., vastago 23 del conjunto de yunque 20 y el extremo distal de la parte de cuerpo tubular 14) por medios convencionales tales como una sutura en bolsa de tabaco “P”.
Despues de eso, el clmico maniobra el conjunto de yunque 20 hasta que el extremo proximal del vastago 23 se inserta en el extremo distal de la parte de cuerpo tubular 14 del aparato de grapado quirurgico 10, en donde una estructura de montaje dentro del extremo distal de la parte de cuerpo tubular 14 se acopla al vastago 23 para efectuar el montaje. Conjunto de yunque 20 y parte de parte de cuerpo tubular 14 se aproximan entonces para aproximar las secciones intestinales 1, 2. Luego se dispara el aparato de grapado quirurgico 10. Las grapas 50 se disparan, efectuando el grapado de las secciones intestinales 1, 2 entre sf. Las grapas 50 proporcionan bastante fuerza como para permitir que la parte exterior 26 del contrafuerte quirurgico 24 se deslice afuera desde dentro del hueco interior 42 formado entre el borde 40 y la superficie de contacto con tejido 38 del conjunto de cartucho 32, liberando de ese modo el contrafuerte quirurgico 24 del conjunto de cartucho 32 de grapas. Como alternativa, el contrafuerte se desliza afuera del hueco interior 42 a medida que el aparato de grapado quirurgico se retira del tejido. Despues de eso, o con al mismo tiempo, la cuchilla 30 corta la parte de tejido y contrafuerte quirurgico 24 dispuesta radialmente hacia dentro de la cuchilla 30, para completar la anastomosis.
Las figuras 6A y 6B ilustran una realizacion de un contrafuerte quirurgico 24 que incluye una parte exterior 26 que tiene un canto 27 que esta deshilachado, cortado, deteriorado, o debilitado de otro modo. El canto deshilachado 27, por ejemplo, crea puntos de menor tension entre el contrafuerte quirurgico 24 y el borde 40 del conjunto de cartucho 32 requiriendo de ese modo menos fuerza para retirar el contrafuerte quirurgico 24 del conjunto de cartucho 32 comparado con contrafuertes quirurgicos que incluyen un canto exterior intacto 36, tales como los mostrados en las figuras 1A y 2, por ejemplo. Un contrafuerte descrito en conexion con las figuras 6A y 6B se puede utilizar en cualquiera de las realizaciones descritas en esta memoria.
En realizaciones, como se muestra en la figura 7, la liberacion del contrafuerte quirurgico 24 se puede conseguir conformando el borde 40 del conjunto de cartucho 32 con cantos afilados, tales como un patron de dientes irregulares 40a que se extienden radialmente hacia dentro desde el canto exterior 36, que cortaran el contrafuerte quirurgico 24, mantenido en tension por grapas, a medida que se tira del aparato de grapado quirurgico despues de disparar. El canto exterior 36 del conjunto de cartucho 32 mantiene una forma curvada o redondeada para prevenir lesiones durante el manejo y colocacion dentro del tejido. Se concibe que se puedan formar otros patrones en el borde 40 del conjunto de cartucho 32, como este dentro del ambito de los expertos en la tecnica. Un aparato de
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grapado que tiene un conjunto de cartucho con cantos afilados, como se describe en conexion con la figura 7 se puede utilizar con cualquiera de las realizaciones descritas en esta memoria.
En otras realizaciones, un contrafuerte quirurgico puede ser retenido sobre el conjunto de cartucho, o conjunto de yunque, encerrando al menos la parte exterior del contrafuerte quirurgico con un material polimerico de rapida disolucion o rapidamente bioerosionable. Ejemplos de materiales de poKmeros de rapida disolucion o rapidamente bioerosionables incluyen polfmeros solubles en agua tales como poli(alcohol de vinilo) e hidroxipropilmetilcelulosa; biopoKmeros tales como azucares, almidones, sales y gelatina, y derivados y combinaciones de los mismos.
La figura 8A ilustra un material polimerico de rapida disolucion o rapidamente bioerosionable en forma de una pelfcula o capuchon 160 que rodea una parte exterior 26 de un contrafuerte quirurgico 24 y un canto exterior 36 de un conjunto de cartucho 32. La pelfcula o capuchon 160 se pueden aplicar al contrafuerte quirurgico 24 y el conjunto de cartucho 32 por presion, encaje por salto elastico, inmersion, pulverizacion, moldeo u otros procesos de formacion dentro del ambito de los expertos en la tecnica. En realizaciones, la pelfcula o capuchon 160 se pueden disolver en una cantidad de tiempo suficiente como para permitir la colocacion del aparato de grapado quirurgico en el lugar de anastomosis. En otras realizaciones, la pelfcula o capuchon 160 se pueden dividir, deformar o tener una tira de liberacion manual para liberar el contrafuerte quirurgico 124. En algunas realizaciones, la pelfcula o capuchon 160 pueden ser flexibles para permitir que el contrafuerte quirurgico 26 sea extrafdo desde debajo de la pelfcula o capuchon 160. En otras realizaciones, la pelfcula o capuchon 160 pueden ser ngidos e incluir perforaciones 162 que se romperan a medida que se esta tirando del aparato de grapado quirurgico alejandolo del contrafuerte quirurgico grapado 24 despues de disparar, como se ilustra en la figura 8B. Se debe entender que se puede utilizar una variedad de configuraciones de contrafuerte quirurgico con la pelfcula o capuchon 160 de la presente descripcion, tales como un contrafuerte quirurgico que incluye rendijas y/o cantos deshilachados como se ilustra en las figuras 5 y 6A anteriores.
En realizaciones, un material polimerico de rapida disolucion o rapidamente bioerosionable puede encerrar un contrafuerte quirurgico entero sobre un cartucho de grapas y/o conjunto de yunque. Como se ilustra en la figura 9, por ejemplo, una pelfcula o capuchon 260 se pueden encajar por succion, automoldear o envolver por contraccion alrededor del contrafuerte quirurgico 24 y una parte del conjunto de cartucho 32. Se pueden proporcionar perforaciones 262 en la pelfcula o capuchon 260, que se fracturan o dividen, a medida que se hace avanzar la estructura de montaje dentro del aparato de grapado quirurgico durante el uso. Un contrafuerte y/o contrafuerte y aparato de grapado con un material de rapida disolucion o rapidamente bioerosionable, como se describe en conexion con las figuras 8A, 8B y 9, se puede incluir en cualquiera de las realizaciones descritas en esta memoria.
Haciendo referencia ahora a la figuras 10A y 10B, un aparato de grapado quirurgico o grapadora quirurgica 100 ejemplar para uso en grapado de tejido y aplicacion de un material de contrafuerte o contrafuerte quirurgico al tejido. El aparato de grapado quirurgico 100 generalmente incluye un asidero 112 que tiene un miembro tubular alargado 114 que se extiende distalmente desde el asidero 112. Un conjunto de mordazas 116 esta montado en un extremo distal 118 del miembro tubular alargado 114. El conjunto de mordazas 116 incluye un miembro de mordaza de yunque 120 de remachado de grapa y un miembro de mordaza de recepcion 122 configurado para recibir un conjunto de cartucho de grapas 132. El conjunto de mordazas 116 se puede fijar permanentemente al miembro tubular alargado 114 o puede ser desconectable y asf sustituible por un nuevo conjunto de mordazas 116. Adicionalmente o como alternativa, un cartucho de grapas puede ser desmontable y sustituible en el conjunto de mordazas. El miembro de mordaza de yunque 120 de remachado de grapas se monta de manera movible en el extremo distal 118 del conjunto de mordazas 116 y es movible entre una posicion de apertura espaciada del miembro de mordaza 122 de cartucho de grapas a una posicion de cierre sustancialmente adyacente al miembro de mordaza 122 de cartucho de grapas.
El aparato de grapado quirurgico 100 incluye ademas un gatillo 133 montado de manera movible en el asidero 112. El accionamiento del gatillo 133 funciona inicialmente para mover el miembro de mordaza de yunque 120 desde la posicion de apertura a la de cierre respecto al miembro de mordaza 122 de cartucho de grapas y posteriormente acciona el aparato de grapado quirurgico 100 para aplicar lmeas de grapas al tejido. Con el fin de orientar apropiadamente el conjunto de mordazas 116 respecto al tejido que se va a grapar, el aparato de grapado quirurgico 100 esta provisto adicionalmente de un mando de rotacion 134 montado en el asidero 112. La rotacion del mando de rotacion 134 respecto al asidero 112 hace rotar el miembro tubular alargado 114 y el conjunto de mordazas 116 respecto al asidero 112 para orientar apropiadamente el conjunto de mordazas 116 respecto al tejido que se va a grapar.
Se proporciona un impulsor 166 para mover el miembro de mordaza de yunque 120 entre las posiciones de apertura y de cierre respecto al miembro de mordaza 122 de cartucho de grapas. El impulsor 166 se mueve entre una ranura longitudinal 168 formada en el miembro de mordaza de yunque 120. Una cuchilla (no mostrada) se asocia con el impulsor 166 para cortar tejido capturado entre miembro de mordaza de yunque 120 y miembro de mordaza de cartucho de grapas 122 a medida que el impulsor 166 pasa a traves de la ranura 168.
Como se ilustra en la realizacion actual y se muestra en la figura 10B, un contrafuerte quirurgico 124 se conecta de manera liberable al conjunto de cartucho 132 de grapas y/o al miembro de mordaza de yunque 120 mediante un canto exterior 136 del conjunto de cartucho 132. El canto exterior 136 se puede estampar, moldear o formar de otro
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modo. El canto exterior estampado 136, por ejemplo, forma un borde 140 superpuesto a la superficie de contacto con tejido 138 del conjunto de cartucho 132 para capturar una parte exterior 126 del contrafuerte quirurgico 124, de una manera similar a la del canto exterior estampado 36, como se ha descrito anteriormente, y se puede formar como se ha tratado anteriormente. Si bien el borde 140 se ilustra en la presente realizacion como que es discontinuo y que se extiende a lo largo de dos lados del contrafuerte quirurgico 124, se concibe que el borde 140 se pueda extender continuamente alrededor del contrafuerte quirurgico o incluir una pluralidad de pestanas que rodean el contrafuerte quirurgico de manera similar a la realizacion de la figura 2.
El contrafuerte quirurgico de la presente descripcion, en particular el contrafuerte quirurgico 124, tambien se puede adaptar para uso con un aparato de grapado quirurgico, tal como el mostrado y descrito en la patente de EE.UU. 7.334.717, titulada “Surgical Fastener Applying Apparatus”. Como se ilustra en la figura 11, el aparato de grapado quirurgico 210 incluye una seccion de recepcion 220 de yunque y una seccion de recepcion 222 de cartucho. Un contrafuerte quirurgico (no mostrado) se puede conectar a al menos uno de un yunque 221 acoplado a la seccion de recepcion 220 de yunque, un conjunto de cartucho de grapas 232 acoplado a la seccion de recepcion 222 de cartucho, o a ambos, como se ha tratado anteriormente, mediante un canto exterior estampado. La seccion de recepcion 220 de yunque y la seccion de recepcion 222 de cartucho se conectan de manera pivotante por medio de asideros 212, 213 para aproximacion durante el uso. Tras la aproximacion de la seccion de recepcion 220 de yunque y la seccion de recepcion 222 de cartucho, el aparato de grapado quirurgico 210 se dispara al impulsar una deslizadera de disparo 236 distalmente a traves del avance de una palanca de disparo 233. El movimiento distal de la deslizadera de disparo 236 provoca que una pluralidad de barras de leva se acoplen a superficies de leva que interaccionan con una pluralidad de empujadores para expulsar una pluralidad de grapas quirurgicas (no mostradas) desde la seccion de recepcion 222 de cartucho. Las grapas se colocan en cada lado de una pista que grna una cuchilla (no mostrada) durante el movimiento longitudinal. La cuchilla secciona el tejido a lo largo de una lmea de corte. La sujecion de las grapas a traves del contrafuerte quirurgico retiene el contrafuerte quirurgico dentro del tejido y proporciona una fuerza que permite al contrafuerte quirurgico deslizar afuera del canto exterior estampado del conjunto de cartucho a media que se tira del aparato de grapado quirurgico alejandolo del tejido, liberando de ese modo el contrafuerte quirurgico del cartucho de grapas.
El contrafuerte quirurgico de la presente descripcion, en particular el contrafuerte quirurgico 124, tambien se puede adaptar para uso con un aparato de grapado quirurgico transversal 310, como se ilustra en la figura 12. Un aparato de grapado quirurgico transversal ejemplar se muestra y se describe en la patente de EE.UU. 5.964.394, titulada “Surgical Fastener Applying Device”. El aparato de grapado quirurgico 310 incluye una palanca de aproximacion 333, un asidero movible 312, una parte alargada 314 que se extiende distalmente desde el asidero 312, y un brazo 322 que se extiende desde un extremo distal 315 de la parte alargada 314. El aparato de grapado quirurgico 310 incluye ademas un yunque 321 que se fija ortogonalmente al brazo 322, y un receptor 320 de cartucho que se acopla funcionalmente al extremo distal 315 de la parte alargada 314 para la retencion de un conjunto de cartucho 332 de grapas. Uno o mas empujadores se mueven a traves del conjunto de cartucho para impulsar grapas simultanea o secuencialmente contra el yunque. Un contrafuerte quirurgico (no mostrado) se puede unir a al menos uno del yunque 321, conjunto de cartucho de grapas 332, o a ambos, como se ha tratado anteriormente, mediante un canto exterior estampado.
En realizaciones, al menos un agente bioactivo se puede combinar con cualquiera de los contrafuertes quirurgicos de la presente descripcion. El al menos un agente bioactivo se puede disponer en una superficie del contrafuerte quirurgico y/o impregnarse en el mismo. En estas realizaciones, el contrafuerte quirurgico tambien puede servir como vehuculo para la entrega del agente bioactivo. El termino “agente bioactivo”, tal como se emplea en esta memoria, se utiliza en su sentido mas amplio e incluye cualquier sustancia o mezcla de sustancias que tengan uso clmico. Por consiguiente, agentes bioactivos pueden tener o no actividad farmacologica per se, p. ej., un tinte o una fragancia. Como alternativa, un agente bioactivo podna ser cualquier agente que proporcione un efecto terapeutico o profilactico, un compuesto que afecte o participe en crecimiento tisular, crecimiento celular, diferenciacion celular, un compuesto antiadhesivo, un compuesto que pueda invocar una accion biologica tal como una respuesta inmune, o podna jugar cualquier otro papel en uno o mas procesos biologicos. Se concibe que el agente bioactivo se pueda aplicar al contrafuerte quirurgico en cualquier forma adecuada de materia, p. ej., pelfculas, polvos, lfquidos, geles y similares.
Ejemplos de clases de agentes bioactivos que se pueden utilizar segun la presente descripcion incluyen antiadhesivos, antimicrobianos, analgesicos, antipireticos, anestesicos, antiepilepticos, antihistammicos, antiinflamatorios, farmacos cardiovasculares, agentes de diagnostico, simpaticomimeticos, colinomimeticos, antimuscannicos, antiespasmodicos, hormonas, factores de crecimiento, relajantes musculares, bloqueantes de neuronas adrenergicas, antineoplasicos, agentes inmunogenicos, inmunosupresores, farmacos gastrointestinales, diureticos, esteroides, lfpidos, lipopolisacaridos, polisacaridos y encimas. Tambien se pretende que se pueden utilizar combinaciones de agentes bioactivos.
Otros agentes bioactivos que se pueden incluir como un agente bioactivo en el contrafuerte quirurgico de la presente descripcion incluyen: anestesicos locales; agentes antifertilidad no esteroideos; agentes parasimpaticometicos; agentes sicoterapeuticos; tranquilizantes; descongestionantes; hipnoticos sedantes; esteroides; sulfanamidas; agentes simpaticomimeticos; vacunas; vitaminas; antipaludicos; agentes antimigrana; agentes antiparkinson tales como L-dopa; antiespasmodicos; agentes anticolirgenicos (p. ej., oxibutinina); antitusivos; broncodilatadores;
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agentes cardiovasculares tales como vasodilatadores coronarios y nitroglicerina; alcaloides; analgesicos; narcoticos tales como codema, dihidrocodeinona, meperidina, morfina y similares; no narcoticos tales como salicilatos, aspirina, acetaminofeno, d-propoxifeno y similares; antagonistas receptores de opioides, tales como naltrexona y naloxona; agentes anticancer; anticonvulsionante; antiemeticos; antihistammicos; agentes antiinflamatorios tales como agentes hormonales, hidrocortisona, prednisolona, prednisona, agentes no hormonales, alopurinol, indometacina, fenilbutazona y similares; prostaglandinas y farmacos citotoxicos; estrogenos; antibacterianos; antibioticos; antifugicos; antivirales; anticoagulantes; anticonvulsivos; antidepresivos; antihistaminas; y agentes inmunologicos.
Otros ejemplos de agentes bioactivos adecuados que se pueden incluir incluyen virus y celulas, peptidos, polipeptidos y protemas, analogos, muteinas, y fragmentos activos de los mismo, tales como inmunoglobulinas, anticuerpos, citocinas (p. ej. limfocinas, monocinas, quimiocinas), factores coagulantes de sangre, factores hemopoieticos, interleucinas (IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-6), interferonas (p-IFN, (a-IFN y y-IFN), eritropoyetina, nucleasas, factor de necrosis de tumor, factores de estimulacion de colonias (p. ej., GCSF, GM-CSF, MCSF), insulina, agentes antitumores y supresores de tumores, protemas sangumeas, gonadotropinas (p. ej., FSH, LH, CG, etc.), hormonas y analogos de hormonas (p. ej.., hormona de crecimiento), vacunas (p. ej., antfgenos tumorales, bacterianos y virales); somatostatina; antfgenos; factores de coagulacion de sangre; factores de crecimiento (p. ej., factor de crecimiento nervioso, factor de crecimiento semejante a insulina); inhibidores de protemas, antagonistas de protemas, y agonistas de protemas; acidos nucleicos, tales como moleculas antisentido, ADN y ARN; oligonucleotidos; polinucleotidos; y ribozimas.
En realizaciones, se puede colocar un miembro de refuerzo dentro o sobre cualquiera de los contrafuertes quirurgicos descritos en esta memoria. En realizaciones que utilizan un contrafuerte quirurgico multicapa, se pueden colocar uno o mas miembros de refuerzo entre, dentro o en una superficie externa de una capa del contrafuerte quirurgico como se describe, por ejemplo, en la solicitud de patente de EE.UU. n° de publicacion 2009/0001122.
Los expertos en la tecnica entenderan que los dispositivos y metodos descritos espedficamente en esta memoria e ilustrados en las figuras acompanantes son realizaciones ejemplares no limitativas y que la descripcion, divulgacion y figuras se deben interpretar meramente como ejemplares de reivindicaciones particulares. Debe entenderse, por lo tanto, que la presente descripcion no se limita a las realizaciones precisas descritas, y que un experto en la tecnica puede efectuar otros diversos cambios y modificaciones sin apartarse del alcance de la descripcion. Adicionalmente, se concibe que los elementos y las caractensticas ilustrados o descritos en conexion con una realizacion ejemplar se puedan combinar con los elementos y las caractensticas de otra realizacion ejemplar sin apartarse del alcance de la presente descripcion, y que dichas modificaciones y variaciones tambien esten pensadas para incluirse dentro del alcance de la presente descripcion. Por consiguiente, el tema de discusion de la presente descripcion no se debe limitar a lo que se ha mostrado y descrito particularmente, excepto lo indicado por las reivindicaciones anexas.
Claims (11)
- 510152025303540REIVINDICACIONES1. Un aparato de grapado quirurgico que incluye un material de contrafuerte liberable, el aparato de grapado quirurgico comprende:un conjunto de cartucho que incluye una pluralidad de grapas y una superficie de contacto con tejido que define ranuras de retencion de grapas, el conjunto de cartucho incluye un canto exterior estampado;un conjunto de yunque que incluye una superficie de contacto con tejido que define huecos de grapa para formar grapas expulsadas desde las ranuras de retencion de grapas del conjunto de cartucho; yun material de contrafuerte que incluye una parte exterior retenida dentro del canto exterior estampado del conjunto de cartucho, caracterizado por que la parte exterior del material de contrafuerte esta deshilachada.
- 2. El aparato de grapado quirurgico de la reivindicacion 1, en donde el material de contrafuerte incluye rendijas.
- 3. El aparato de grapado quirurgico de cualquier reivindicacion precedente, en donde el conjunto de yunque incluye un canto exterior estampado y un material de contrafuerte retenido dentro del canto exterior estampado del conjunto de yunque.
- 4. El aparato de grapado quirurgico de la reivindicacion 3, en donde el canto exterior estampado del conjunto de yunque incluye un borde superpuesto a la superficie de contacto con tejido del conjunto de cartucho en relacion espaciada con el mismo y define un hueco interior entre la superficie de contacto con tejido y el borde.
- 5. El aparato de grapado quirurgico de la reivindicacion 3 o la reivindicacion 4, en donde el material de contrafuerte retenido dentro del canto exterior estampado del conjunto de yunque incluye rendijas.
- 6. El aparato de grapado quirurgico de la reivindicacion 3 o la reivindicacion 4, en donde la parte exterior del material de contrafuerte retenido dentro del canto exterior estampado del conjunto de yunque esta deshilachada.
- 7. El aparato de grapado quirurgico de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 3 a 6, en donde el material de contrafuerte del conjunto de yunque es diferente del material de contrafuerte del conjunto de cartucho.
- 8. Un aparato de grapado quirurgico que incluye un material de contrafuerte liberable, el aparato de grapado quirurgico comprende:un conjunto de cartucho que incluye una pluralidad de grapas y una superficie de contacto con tejido que define ranuras de retencion de grapas;un conjunto de yunque que incluye una superficie de contacto con tejido que define huecos de grapa para formar grapas expulsadas desde las ranuras de retencion de grapas del conjunto de cartucho, el conjunto de yunque incluye un canto exterior estampado; yun material de contrafuerte que incluye una parte exterior retenida dentro del canto exterior estampado del conjunto de yunque, caracterizado por que la parte exterior del material de contrafuerte esta deshilachada.
- 9. El aparato de grapado quirurgico de la reivindicacion 8, en donde el canto exterior estampado del conjunto de yunque incluye un borde superpuesto a la superficie de contacto con tejido del conjunto de cartucho en relacion espaciada con el mismo y define un hueco interior entre la superficie de contacto con tejido y el borde.
- 10. El aparato de grapado quirurgico de la reivindicacion 8 o la reivindicacion 9, en donde el material de contrafuerte incluye rendijas.
- 11. Un aparato de grapado quirurgico segun la reivindicacion 1 o la reivindicacion 8, el aparato de grapado quirurgico comprende ademas:una cuchilla dispuesta dentro de una ranura de cuchilla formada en la superficie de contacto con tejido del conjunto de cartucho.
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| EP2674112A1 (en) | 2013-12-18 |
| EP2604194A3 (en) | 2013-08-28 |
| CN103156655B (zh) | 2016-12-07 |
| AU2012244380A1 (en) | 2013-07-04 |
| JP2013123641A (ja) | 2013-06-24 |
| ES2569864T3 (es) | 2016-05-12 |
| CN103156655A (zh) | 2013-06-19 |
| CA2795678A1 (en) | 2013-06-14 |
| EP2604194A2 (en) | 2013-06-19 |
| EP2604194B1 (en) | 2016-03-30 |
| JP6058358B2 (ja) | 2017-01-11 |
| US20130153633A1 (en) | 2013-06-20 |
| AU2012244380B2 (en) | 2016-09-29 |
| EP2674112B1 (en) | 2016-06-29 |
| US9010608B2 (en) | 2015-04-21 |
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