EP4170091A1 - Gravelling/compacting automotive vehicle - Google Patents
Gravelling/compacting automotive vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4170091A1 EP4170091A1 EP22203688.1A EP22203688A EP4170091A1 EP 4170091 A1 EP4170091 A1 EP 4170091A1 EP 22203688 A EP22203688 A EP 22203688A EP 4170091 A1 EP4170091 A1 EP 4170091A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hopper
- gravel
- machine
- roller
- ground
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
- E01C19/48—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for laying-down the materials and consolidating them, or finishing the surface, e.g. slip forms therefor, forming kerbs or gutters in a continuous operation in situ
- E01C19/4806—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for laying-down the materials and consolidating them, or finishing the surface, e.g. slip forms therefor, forming kerbs or gutters in a continuous operation in situ with solely rollers for consolidating or finishing
- E01C19/482—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for laying-down the materials and consolidating them, or finishing the surface, e.g. slip forms therefor, forming kerbs or gutters in a continuous operation in situ with solely rollers for consolidating or finishing the materials being uncoated stone or similar granular materials, e.g. sand
Definitions
- the invention relates to a gravelling and compacting motor vehicle for gravelled soil.
- the installation and/or the maintenance of the surfacing of a carriageway of a traffic lane such as a road or a motorway is generally carried out by means of a gravel truck progressing on the carriageway and designed to deposit a material granular such as gravel in a substantially regular layer on the surface of the pavement on which a layer of an agglomeration binder of the granular material has been deposited beforehand.
- the agglomeration binder can be formed, for example, from bitumen or asphalt.
- the layer of granular material is then compacted by means of a separate compactor from the chipping truck, rolling after the chipping truck so as to produce a suitable road surface to allow motor vehicles to drive comfortably.
- Such a method is particularly well suited for the installation and/or maintenance of the surfacing of traffic lanes extending over great distances.
- Such gravel trucks and such known compacting machines are unsuitable, because of their dimensions, for the installation and/or maintenance of the coating of a place with reduced accessibility such as a courtyard, an alley or a narrow and/or winding corridor or having a narrow area to be covered such as a sidewalk, in particular.
- the installation of a coating and/or its maintenance is (are) carried out manually by workers, for example by applying the binder to the roadway then by depositing the gravel with a shovel in a substantially regular layer on the binder layer.
- Such manual gravel shoveling operations are arduous for the workers and this arduousness slows down the production of the coating.
- the motor vehicle comprises a hopper pivotally mounted at the front of the vehicle, along a horizontal axis and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
- the hopper is adapted to contain the asphalt to be deposited in a layer and to be able to release the asphalt on the surface by tilting the hopper along the axis of pivoting of the hopper.
- the vehicle also includes a transverse smoothing plate in a layer of asphalt deposited on the surface as the hopper rotates.
- the vehicle of US3526173 is adapted to move in "forward gear” when transporting asphalt to its deposit site and necessarily travels in “reverse gear” to deposit asphalt on the surface and form the asphalt layer.
- the hopper is moved by traction by the motor vehicle.
- the “reverse” movement of the vehicle does not make it possible to easily control its trajectory and the precision of the asphalt deposit.
- the vehicle US3526173 is equipped with four wheels that do not allow compacting the asphalt layer over its entire width. It also does not make it possible to exert sufficient pressure directed substantially vertically and from top to bottom on the asphalt deposit which is suitable for allowing its compaction.
- FR3051204 a compactor motor vehicle comprising a master compactor cylinder and a motor compactor cylinder.
- the compactor vehicle FR3051204 is adapted to be able to move “forward” or “backward”.
- the use of the motor vehicle compactor of FR3051204 assumes that a road surface material is previously spread on the road surface and then subjected to compaction by means of the compacting motor vehicle.
- These spreading operations can be carried out by means of a motorized machine—particularly a motor vehicle—allowing the depositing of a layer of the coating material.
- the depositing and compacting operations must be carried out in two successive stages, a first stage of spreading the coating material over the entire surface to be coated, then, after spreading, proceeding during a second step, compacting the layer of coating material.
- Spreading operations can also be carried out manually, by workers. This work is arduous and this arduousness is likely to slow down the spreading operations.
- the invention aims to overcome these drawbacks.
- the invention aims in particular to propose a chipping and compacting device making it possible to reduce the time required to carry out floor covering operations in a place with reduced accessibility.
- the invention also aims to propose such a device making it possible to mechanize the operations of spreading gravel and
- the hopper In the normal mode of use of the motor vehicle, the hopper is secured to the chassis of the motor vehicle and precedes the compaction roller in movement.
- the machine according to the invention makes it possible to carry out in a single pass a deposit of gravel on a layer of tar previously formed on a ground to be coated and the compaction of the gravel thus deposited on the tar and their compaction with the tar so as to form an asphalt covering a cramped and/or difficult to access place, a roadway for cars, a cycle lane or a sidewalk, in particular.
- the cramped and/or difficult to access place may be the roadway of a narrow and/or winding lane intended for the circulation of vehicles. It can also be a narrow sidewalk.
- the machine according to the invention makes it possible in particular to produce this coating without the intervention of workers assigned to spreading the gravel manually with a shovel. The coating is therefore carried out more quickly.
- the motor vehicle according to the invention comprises a single tamping roller.
- the motor vehicle comprises a compaction roller extending at the front of the motor vehicle and at least one - in particular a single axle - axle bearing at least two wheels arranged at the rear of the vehicle.
- the motor vehicle comprises a compaction roller at the front and a compaction roller at the rear, the hopper being arranged in front of the front compaction roller according to the direction of movement of the gear.
- the motor vehicle is a machine of high mass and adapted to allow the settling and compacting of the gravel on the tar.
- the mass of the motor vehicle according to the invention can be between 1000 Kg and 5000 Kg - in particular between 1000 Kg and 3000 Kg, mass of gravel not included. There is nothing to prevent the roll of the compacting machine from being fitted with a vibrating device for improving compaction.
- the roller is cylindrical of revolution along the axis of rotation of the roller.
- the motor vehicle according to the invention comprises directional rear wheels.
- the hopper is provided with at least one chippings distribution hatch arranged in the lower part of the hopper and adapted to, in a first state of the hatch, keep the chippings in the hopper and to, in a second state of the hatch, allowing a release - in particular a release by gravity - of gravel stored in the hopper.
- the (each) hatch is adapted to be able to release gravel from the hopper by simple gravity flow.
- the opening of the (each) hatch is adapted to be able to control the release rate of the gravel from the hopper.
- the hopper is provided with a plurality of juxtaposed hatches, allowing selective opening of at least one hatch and controlled release of gravel from only a part of the width of the hopper.
- the moving motor vehicle makes it possible to deposit gravel on the ground from only part of the bottom of the hopper and in front of only part of the total tread width of compaction roller.
- the motor vehicle according to the invention makes it possible to control the width of the strip of coating to be deposited. It is particularly suitable for depositing gravel and coating with a precision at least comparable to – or even better than – the precision obtained when gravelling with a shovel.
- the hopper has a plurality of hatches juxtaposed transversely, each hatch comprising a flap provided with at least one actuator adapted to be able to drive the flap in displacement and place the flap in a position, called the dispensing position, in which the hatch allows the release of gravel stored in the hopper.
- the hatches of the plurality of hatches extend transversely across the entire width of the hopper. Each hatch of the plurality of hatches allows gravel to be deposited on the ground according to at least one band of predetermined widths.
- the actuator(s) can be of any type.
- the actuator(s) are chosen to be resistant to the physico-chemical conditions prevailing in the environment of the motor vehicle in operation.
- the actuator(s) is (are) arranged outside the hopper. It(s) is(are) chosen to resist chippings and tar projections, if necessary.
- the hopper can be provided with a rigid plate or a box protecting the actuators arranged outside the hopper.
- At least one—in particular each—actuator is chosen from the group formed by electric motor actuators, pneumatic actuators and hydraulic actuators. However, nothing prevents at least one in particular each actuator from being able to be actuated manually.
- the motor vehicle according to the invention comprises a remote control device for at least one -in particular of each- actuator and for driving the flap in displacement so as to place the flap in said position of distribution.
- the opening of each flap can thus be controlled remotely while the machine is moving, in particular by the individual driving the machine and on board the motor vehicle. It can be controlled by the individual piloting the machine and at the latter's discretion, depending on the topography of the place and of the ground being covered.
- the hopper is provided with a comb distributing the gravel released by the distribution slot.
- the comb extends in the extension of the bottom wall of the hopper.
- the hopper is mounted suspended at the front of the motor vehicle and comprises means forming a spacer for maintaining the hopper at a distance from the roller of settling.
- the simple attachment of the hopper to a chassis and/or bodywork element of the machine and to the front of the machine in suspension relative to the chassis and/or the bodywork is possible made of means forming a spacer now the hopper at a distance from the tamping roller -in particular from the tamping roller driven in rotation-.
- the means forming a spacer are mounted integral with the hopper and comprise at least one bearing with an axis of rotation parallel to the axis of rotation of the compacting roller and adapted to be driven in rotation by the cylindrical roller. and keeping the hopper away from the compaction roller.
- the hopper is maintained at the front of the machine by simple suspension or attachment of the hopper to a frame element and/or body of the machine and without friction of the compaction roller on the hopper.
- the means forming a spacer comprise from 2 to 5—in particular 3 bearings—bearings regularly distributed over the width of the hopper.
- the hopper can be mounted integral with a chassis and/or bodywork element by a rigid connection so that the hopper is kept at a distance from the compacting roller due to this rigid connection.
- the motor vehicle comprises means for hooking in suspension/reversible unhooking of the hopper on a chassis and/or bodywork element of the vehicle.
- the attachment of the hopper to the front of the machine and the voluntary unhooking of the hopper are facilitated.
- the suspension/detachment attachment means comprise at least one hook mounted integral with a chassis and/or bodywork element of the machine.
- the hopper has at least one light adapted and arranged to be able to cooperate with this (these) hook(s) and suspend the hopper from the machine.
- the means for hooking in suspension/reversible unhooking of the hopper on a chassis and/or bodywork element of the machine comprise at least one cylindrical pivot - in particular cylindrical of revolution - mounted integral with the envelope in the upper part of the hopper, each pivot being adapted to be able to cooperate with a notch formed in a chassis and/or bodywork element, said notch extending vertically and emerging upwards.
- the cylindrical pivot(s) are adapted to be able to be held in at least one complementary notch of the pivot(s) and suspend the hopper. The attachment of the hopper to the front of the machine and the voluntary unhooking of the hopper are facilitated.
- the means for hooking in suspension/reversible unhooking of the hopper on a frame and/or bodywork element of the machine are lockable means for hooking in suspension.
- the lockable suspension attachment means comprise a valve adapted to be able to obstruct the mouth of the notch and oppose the unhooking of the hopper.
- the hooking/unhooking means being lockable, untimely unhooking of the hopper during gravel depositing and packing operations is prevented.
- the casing of the hopper is formed of a metallic material, in particular of heavy plate.
- the invention also relates to a vehicle for depositing gravel on the ground and for compacting the gravel thus deposited, characterized in combination by all or some of the characteristics mentioned above or below. Regardless of the formal presentation given, unless expressly indicated otherwise, the various characteristics mentioned above or below should not be considered as closely or inextricably linked to each other, the invention possibly relating to only one of them. these structural or functional characteristics, or part only of these structural or functional characteristics, or only part of one of these structural or functional characteristics, or any grouping, combination or juxtaposition of all or part of these structural or functional characteristics.
- a motor vehicle 1 according to the invention is shown schematically in figure 1 , moving on a track 20,21 whose coating is being repaired.
- Vehicle 1 represented in figure 1 is driven by an individual 31.
- the track 20 has been previously coated with tar
- the movement of the motor vehicle from upstream to downstream makes it possible to deposit gravel on the track 20 coated, to pack the gravel in contact with the tar of the track 20 and form a coating on the track 21 upstream of the machine 1 automobile.
- the track surfacing operations are simplified by the fact that the deposition of gravel and the packing of the gravel and their compaction in contact with the tar are carried out in a single pass of the machine 1 according to the invention.
- the dimensions of the motor vehicle 1 may vary.
- the motor vehicle 1 has a reduced size to allow its use when producing a coating in a narrow and/or winding and/or difficult to access place.
- the length of the motor vehicle 1 is preferably less than 2500 mm and its width preferably less than 2000 mm, in particular between 800 mm and 2000 mm, in particular of the order of 1000 mm.
- the empty mass of the motor vehicle 1 according to the invention can be between 1000 Kg and 5000 Kg, in particular between 1000 Kg and 3000 Kg.
- the automobile machine 1 comprises a roller 2 for compacting the ground of the track 20 on which the machine 1 progresses.
- the tamping roller 2 is arranged in the front part 22 of the machine 1.
- the tamping roller 2 is of cylindrical shape of revolution.
- the tamping roller may be an integrally formed roller. However, there is nothing to prevent the tamping roller being formed of a plurality of tamping roller sections of cylindrical shape of revolution, contiguous and juxtaposed and forming a continuous tamping roller with a diameter (in cross-sectional area) constant .
- the motor vehicle 1 comprises chassis and bodywork elements 23 ensuring the rigidity of the machine.
- the chassis can be equipped with steering wheels 25 in the rear part 24 of the machine.
- the tamping roller 2 is rotatably mounted along an axis 3 of rotation extending substantially transversely relative to the chassis and to the machine.
- the motor vehicle 1 is provided with means for driving the roller 2 for compacting in rotation, whereby it is driven on the track 20,21 in the direction 4 of movement.
- the automobile vehicle 1 comprises a gravel storage hopper 5 extending in the front part of the vehicle 1.
- the hopper 5 is secured to the chassis 23 of the motor vehicle 1 and precedes the roller 2 for compaction on the move.
- the hopper 5 is mounted integral with the frame 23 and is not in contact with the ground.
- the hopper 5 is formed of a rigid material, in particular sheet metal of sufficient thickness to give the hopper 5 sufficient rigidity to allow the storage and conveying of gravel in the hopper 5.
- the hopper 5 comprises a rigid casing 13 forming a funnel for retaining and guiding the gravel towards a slot 18 for distributing gravel, extending on the front face 22 of the machine 1, transversely, in the lower part and over the entire width of the hopper 5.
- the envelope 13 is formed of a front wall 14 supporting actuators 7, of a rear wall 15 supporting means 9 forming a spacer of a bottom wall 16 inclined - in particular at 45° - forwards and downwards in the extension of the rear wall 15 forward and two side walls 17 joining the side edges of the front wall 14, the rear wall 15 and the bottom wall 16.
- the front wall 14, the rear wall 15, the bottom wall 16 and the side walls 17 of the hopper 5 define an internal space 26 of the hopper 5 whose volume can vary from 250 L to 1000 L, in particular from 400 L to 800 L, in particular of the order of 500 L.
- the walls 14,15,16,17 have upper edges defining an upper emerging opening 27 adapted to allow filling of the hopper 5 with gravel. In particular, such an opening 27 allows the filling of the hopper 5 by spilling gravel from a skip of a supply truck.
- the hopper 5 is mounted integral with at least one chassis and/or bodywork element 23 of the machine 1, suspended from the front 22 of the machine 1 and in front of a vertical plane tangent to the front surface of compaction roller 2.
- the hopper 5 arranged at the front of the machine 1 is easily accessible for supplying it with gravel, for example by dumping it from a skip of a gravel supply vehicle.
- the hopper 5 is mounted suspended at the front 22 of the motor vehicle 1 by means 12 for hooking in suspension/reversible unhooking of the hopper 5 on an element 23 of the chassis and/or bodywork of the vehicle 1
- Means 12 hooking / unhooking comprise two cylindrical pivot sections 32 secured to the hopper 5 and extending transversely relative to the machine.
- the cylindrical pivot sections 32 extend so as to each be able to cooperate with a notch 33 formed in the element 23 of the chassis and/or bodywork.
- the notches 33 extend vertically in depth and emerge upwards so that the cylindrical pivots 32 cooperating with the notches 33 are held in the notch due to gravity.
- the hopper 5 loaded with gravel is thus kept attached to the machine 1.
- the unhooking of the hopper 5 empty of gravel is facilitated and makes it possible to reduce the size of the machine 1 during operations of transport of the machine.
- the machine 1 comprises rigid means 9 for spacing the hopper 5 and the compacting roller 2, these means 9 forming a spacer for holding the hopper 5 -in particular the rear wall 15 of the hopper 5- and the compaction roller 2 at a distance from each other.
- the means 9 forming a spacer are described in more detail in relation to the figure 2 .
- the means 9 forming a spacer comprise a plurality of bearings 10, in particular a plurality of bearings 10 regularly distributed over the entire width of the hopper 5.
- the hopper 5 has two bearings 10 arranged symmetrically with respect to the sagittal plane of the machine 1 and of the hopper 5.
- the hopper 5 has three bearings 10 -in particular aligned- regularly distributed over the entire width of the rear wall 15 and of the hopper 5.
- the bottom wall 16, the front wall 14 and the side walls 17 of the casing provide, in the casing 13, a gravel distribution slot 18 extending transversely in the lower part of the hopper 5 and over the entire width of the the hopper 5.
- the height of the slot 18 may depend on the particle size of the gravel to be deposited. In certain embodiments in which the average particle size of the gravel is between 2 mm and 4 mm (“grain of rice”) and 6 mm and 10 mm (“gravel”), the height of the distribution slot 18 is between 20 mm and 100 mm, in particular between 30 mm and 70 mm, in particular of the order of 50 mm.
- the hopper 5 comprises at least one flap 6 cooperating with the distribution slot 18 and forming a hatch 19, the flap(s) 6 being adapted to be able, in a first position of the flap(s) ) 6, called the closed position, extend opposite at least part of the distribution slot 18 and oppose the distribution of gravel and to be able, in a second position, of the shutter(s) ) 6, called the distribution position, in which the shutter(s) 6 is(are not) not positioned opposite at least a part of the slot 18 and allow gravity flow of the gravel from the hopper 5.
- the hopper 5 comprises five flaps 61,62,63,64,65, each flap 61,62,63,64,65 being in said closed position.
- the flaps 61,62,63,64,65 are of the same width. However, nothing prevents providing that the shutters are of different widths.
- each flap 61,62,63,64,65 is mounted to slide from bottom to top or from top to bottom with respect to the wall 14 before and parallel to the wall 14 before.
- each flap 61,62,63,64,65 is slidably guided parallel to the front wall 14, by the front wall 14 and by two guide bars 29 arranged transversely over the entire width of the wall 14 before and forming with the front wall 14, a space for guiding the flaps 61,62,63,64,65.
- each flap 61,62,63,64,65 can be actuated manually between said dispensing position and said closing position.
- the hopper 5 is provided with five actuators 7, each flap 61,62,63,64,65 being actuated by an actuator 71,72,73,74,75.
- Each actuator 71,72,73,74,75 can be chosen from the group consisting of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder and an electric motor.
- 71,72,73,74,75 actuators are protected by a sheet 30 protection.
- the motor vehicle 1 is provided with a device 8 for controlling each actuator 71,72,73,74,75 adapted to allow a driver of the motor vehicle 1 to move each flap 61 ,62,63,64,65 independently of one another or jointly with each other, between said dispensing position to said closing position.
- the control device 8 is a remote control device comprising a selector member of one of the actuators or of a group of actuators and a trigger member of the selected actuator or of the group of selected actuators.
- a detail of the front part 22 of a motor vehicle 1 according to the invention is shown in side view in picture 2 .
- the machine 1 comprises a roll 2 of compaction of the ground driven in rotation during movement of the machine in the direction 4 of movement.
- the machine 1 also comprises a hopper 5 for storing gravel and distributing gravel extending in the front part 22 of the machine 1.
- the hopper 5 is suspended from a frame element 23 of the machine 1 by means 12 hooking / unhooking an enlargement of which is shown in picture 2 .
- These hooking/unhooking means 12 consist of a cylindrical pivot 32 integral with the hopper 5, cooperating with a notch 33 formed in the element 23 of the chassis and/or bodywork.
- the notch 33 extends in depth vertically, emerging upwards and in a plane parallel to the sagittal plane of the machine 1 and perpendicular to the main axis of the cylindrical pivot so that the cylindrical pivot 32 extends through the notch transversely.
- the machine 1 comprises means 9 forming a spacer extending between the rear wall 15 of the hopper and the roller 2 for compaction.
- the means 9 forming a spacer advantageously comprise at least one bearing 10 mounted integral with the hopper 5 and the rear wall 15 of the hopper 5, and rotatable with respect to the hopper 5 along an axis 11 of rotation parallel to the axis 3 of compaction roller 2 rotation.
- the bearing 10 has a tread adapted to be in contact with the outer surface of the compaction roller 2 and to allow the hopper 5 to be held suspended from a chassis and/or bodywork element 23 during coating operations. a ground, including during operations during which the compaction roller 2 is driven in rotation.
- the spacing means 9 and the bearing(s) 10 make it possible to reduce the friction forces between the hopper 5 and the compacting roller 2, in particular because the hopper is mounted integral with the frame in suspension by relative to the frame. The integrity of the structure of the hopper 5 is thus preserved.
- the hopper 5 mounted suspended from the frame 23 shown in figure 2 has a rear wall 15, a front wall 14, a bottom wall 16 inclined backwards and downwards so as to allow a flow of gravel.
- the hopper 5 comprises a flap 6 mounted to slide relative to and parallel to the front wall 14, guided in translation from top to bottom or from bottom to top opposite the distribution slot 18 by means of two transverse guide bars 29 .
- the flap 6 is in said closed position and the hatch 19 is closed.
- the flap 6 is adapted to be able to be actuated between said closed position and said dispensing position by a pneumatic actuator 7.
- a view of the front face 22 of a motor vehicle 1 according to the invention is shown in picture 3 .
- the hopper 5 is suspended from an element 23 of the chassis or bodywork of the machine by attachment means 12 .
- the attachment means 12 comprise two tabs each having a slot for receiving a hook mounted integral with the chassis or bodywork element 23 and adapted to cooperate with this hook and to suspend the hopper 5.
- the front wall 14 of the hopper is provided in the lower part with two guide bars 29 for flaps 61,62,63,64,65 closing off the distribution slot 18 formed between the front wall 14 and the bottom wall 16 of the hopper 5.
- the flaps 61,62,63,64,65 form a hatch 19 in cooperation with the slot 18 of distribution.
- Each flap 61,62,63,64,65 is provided with an actuator 7 adapted to move the flaps 61,62,63,64,65 from the bottom upwards from said closed position to said dispensing position. whereby the hatch 19 passes from the closed state to an open state.
- the dimensions of the hopper and its shape can vary.
- the number of bearings and the number of flap(s) can be adjusted according to the topography of the ground to be coated.
- the distance separating the bottom wall and the ground can be adjusted so as to control the height of fall of the gravel and the precision of the deposit.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Road Paving Machines (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne un engin (1) automobile de dépôt de gravillons sur au moins une partie d'un sol et de tassement sur le sol des gravillons ainsi déposés, l'engin (1) comprenant :- au moins un rouleau (2) de tassement du sol ;- une trémie (5) de stockage de gravillons et de dépôt sur le sol des gravillons contenus dans la trémie (5) par écoulement gravitaire contrôlé des gravillons à partir de la trémie (5) ;la trémie (5) étant montée solidaire de l'engin (1) et s'étendant en avant dudit au moins un rouleau (2) selon le sens de déplacement de l'engin (1) et de façon à permettre en une seule passe de l'engin (1) et du fait du déplacement de l'engin (1), un dépôt de gravillons sur le sol et un tassement des gravillons répandus sur le sol par le rouleau (2).The invention relates to an automotive vehicle (1) for depositing gravel on at least part of a floor and for compacting the gravel thus deposited on the floor, the vehicle (1) comprising:- at least one roller (2) compacting the ground; - a hopper (5) for storing gravel and depositing the gravel contained in the hopper (5) on the ground by controlled gravity flow of the gravel from the hopper (5); the hopper (5) being mounted integral with the machine (1) and extending in front of said at least one roller (2) in the direction of movement of the machine (1) and so as to allow in a single pass of the machine ( 1) and due to the movement of the machine (1), a deposit of gravel on the ground and a compaction of the gravel spread on the ground by the roller (2).
Description
L'invention concerne un engin automobile gravillonneur et compacteur d'un sol ainsi gravillonné.The invention relates to a gravelling and compacting motor vehicle for gravelled soil.
La mise en place et/ou l'entretien du revêtement d'une chaussée de voie de circulation telle qu'une route ou une autoroute, est en général réalisée au moyen d'un camion gravillonneur progressant sur la chaussée et conçu pour déposer un matériau granulaire tel que des gravillons en couche sensiblement régulière à la surface de la chaussée sur laquelle a été déposée au préalable une couche d'un liant d'agglomération du matériau granulaire. Le liant d'agglomération peut être formé par exemple de bitume ou d'asphalte. La couche de matériau granulaire est ensuite compactée au moyen d'un engin compacteur distinct du camion gravillonneur, roulant à la suite du camion gravillonneur de façon à réaliser une chaussée adaptée pour permettre un roulage confortable de véhicules automobiles. Un tel procédé est particulièrement bien adapté pour la mise en place et/ou l'entretien du revêtement de voies de circulation s'étendant sur de grandes distances.The installation and/or the maintenance of the surfacing of a carriageway of a traffic lane such as a road or a motorway, is generally carried out by means of a gravel truck progressing on the carriageway and designed to deposit a material granular such as gravel in a substantially regular layer on the surface of the pavement on which a layer of an agglomeration binder of the granular material has been deposited beforehand. The agglomeration binder can be formed, for example, from bitumen or asphalt. The layer of granular material is then compacted by means of a separate compactor from the chipping truck, rolling after the chipping truck so as to produce a suitable road surface to allow motor vehicles to drive comfortably. Such a method is particularly well suited for the installation and/or maintenance of the surfacing of traffic lanes extending over great distances.
De tels camions gravillonneurs et de tels engins compacteurs connus sont inadaptés, du fait de leurs dimensions, pour la mise en place et/ou l'entretien du revêtement d'un lieu présentant une accessibilité réduite tel qu'une cour, une ruelle ou un couloir étroit(e) et/ou sinueux ou présentant une zone à revêtir de faible largeur telle qu'un trottoir, notamment.Such gravel trucks and such known compacting machines are unsuitable, because of their dimensions, for the installation and/or maintenance of the coating of a place with reduced accessibility such as a courtyard, an alley or a narrow and/or winding corridor or having a narrow area to be covered such as a sidewalk, in particular.
En général, s'agissant d'un tel lieu présentant une accessibilité réduite - notamment une accessibilité réduite pour un camion gravillonneur- tel qu'une cour, une ruelle ou un couloir étroit et/ou nécessitant une application de gravillons et de liant selon une bande étroite, la mise en place d'un revêtement et/ou son entretien est(sont) réalisé(s) manuellement par des ouvriers, par exemple en appliquant le liant sur la chaussée puis en déposant à la pelle en couche sensiblement régulière le gravillon sur la couche de liant. De telles opérations manuelles de pelletage de gravillon sont pénibles pour les ouvriers et cette pénibilité ralentit la réalisation du revêtement.In general, in the case of such a place with reduced accessibility - in particular reduced accessibility for a gravel truck - such as a courtyard, an alley or a narrow corridor and/or requiring the application of gravel and binder according to a narrow band, the installation of a coating and/or its maintenance is (are) carried out manually by workers, for example by applying the binder to the roadway then by depositing the gravel with a shovel in a substantially regular layer on the binder layer. Such manual gravel shoveling operations are arduous for the workers and this arduousness slows down the production of the coating.
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Ces opérations d'épandage peuvent être réalisées au moyen d'un engin motorisé -notamment automobile-permettant de réaliser un dépôt en couche du matériau de revêtement. Dans ce cas, les opérations de dépôt et de compactage doivent être réalisées en deux étapes successives, une première étape d'épandage du matériau de revêtement sur la totalité de la surface à revêtir, puis à l'issue de l'épandage, de procéder lors d'une deuxième étape, au compactage de la couche de matériau de revêtement. En outre, s'agissant d'opérations de réalisation d'un revêtement d'un lieu -notamment d'une voie de passage- de faible dimension et/ou présentant une accessibilité réduite -tel qu'une cour, une ruelle ou un couloir étroit(e) et/ou sinueux ou présentant une zone à revêtir de faible largeur telle qu'un trottoir, notamment-, il convient de prévoir que ces deux étapes successives soient réalisées de façon que l'engin d'épandage et le véhicule compacteur ne soient pas présents simultanément sur le même lieu, pour des raisons d'encombrement. La succession des deux étapes nécessaires augmente la durée des opérations de revêtement et est donc pénalisante.These spreading operations can be carried out by means of a motorized machine—particularly a motor vehicle—allowing the depositing of a layer of the coating material. In this case, the depositing and compacting operations must be carried out in two successive stages, a first stage of spreading the coating material over the entire surface to be coated, then, after spreading, proceeding during a second step, compacting the layer of coating material. In addition, in the case of operations for coating a place - in particular a passageway - of small size and/or with reduced accessibility - such as a courtyard, an alley or a corridor narrow and/or sinuous or having a narrow area to be covered such as a sidewalk, in particular, provision should be made for these two successive steps to be carried out so that the spreading machine and the compactor vehicle are not present simultaneously in the same place, for reasons of congestion. The succession of the two necessary steps increases the duration of the coating operations and is therefore detrimental.
Les opérations d'épandage peuvent aussi être réalisées manuellement, par des ouvriers. Ce travail est pénible et cette pénibilité est susceptible de ralentir les opérations d'épandage.Spreading operations can also be carried out manually, by workers. This work is arduous and this arduousness is likely to slow down the spreading operations.
L'invention vise à pallier ces inconvénients.The invention aims to overcome these drawbacks.
L'invention vise en particulier à proposer un dispositif de gravillonnage et de compactage permettant de réduire la durée nécessaire pour réaliser des opérations de revêtement du sol d'un lieu d'accessibilité réduite.The invention aims in particular to propose a chipping and compacting device making it possible to reduce the time required to carry out floor covering operations in a place with reduced accessibility.
L'invention vise aussi à proposer un tel dispositif permettant de mécaniser les opérations d'épandage de gravillon etThe invention also aims to propose such a device making it possible to mechanize the operations of spreading gravel and
L'invention concerne donc un engin automobile de dépôt de gravillons sur au moins une partie d'un sol et de tassement sur le sol des gravillons ainsi déposés, l'engin comprenant :
- un rouleau de tassement du sol sur lequel l'engin est susceptible d'être entrainé en déplacement, le rouleau faisant office d'essieu et présentant un axe de rotation sensiblement perpendiculaire à la direction de déplacement de l'engin, le rouleau s'étendant selon ledit axe de rotation continument sur la largeur -notamment sur toute la largeur- de l'engin ;
- une trémie de stockage de gravillons et de dépôt sur le sol des gravillons contenus dans la trémie par écoulement gravitaire contrôlé des gravillons à partir de la trémie ;
- a roller for compacting the ground on which the machine is likely to be driven in displacement, the roller acting as an axle and having an axis of rotation substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the machine, the roller extending along said axis of rotation continuously over the width—in particular over the entire width—of the machine;
- a gravel storage hopper and deposit on the ground of the gravel contained in the hopper by controlled gravity flow of the gravel from the hopper;
Dans le mode d'utilisation normale de l'engin automobile, la trémie est solidaire du châssis de l'engin automobile et précède le rouleau de tassement en déplacement. L'engin selon l'invention permet de réaliser en une seule passe un dépôt de gravillons sur une couche de goudron préalablement formée sur un sol à revêtir et le tassement des gravillons ainsi déposés sur le goudron et leur compactage avec le goudron de façon à former un asphalte de revêtement d'un lieu exigu et/ou difficile d'accès, d'une chaussée pour automobiles, d'une voie cyclable ou d'un trottoir, notamment. Le lieu exigu et/ou difficile d'accès peut être la chaussée d'une voie étroite et/ou sinueuse destinée à la circulation de véhicules. Il peut aussi s'agir d'un trottoir de faible largeur. L'engin selon l'invention permet en particulier de réaliser ce revêtement sans l'intervention d'ouvriers affectés à l'épandage des gravillons manuellement à la pelle. Le revêtement est donc réalisé plus rapidement.In the normal mode of use of the motor vehicle, the hopper is secured to the chassis of the motor vehicle and precedes the compaction roller in movement. The machine according to the invention makes it possible to carry out in a single pass a deposit of gravel on a layer of tar previously formed on a ground to be coated and the compaction of the gravel thus deposited on the tar and their compaction with the tar so as to form an asphalt covering a cramped and/or difficult to access place, a roadway for cars, a cycle lane or a sidewalk, in particular. The cramped and/or difficult to access place may be the roadway of a narrow and/or winding lane intended for the circulation of vehicles. It can also be a narrow sidewalk. The machine according to the invention makes it possible in particular to produce this coating without the intervention of workers assigned to spreading the gravel manually with a shovel. The coating is therefore carried out more quickly.
Selon certains modes de réalisation, l'engin automobile selon l'invention comprend un rouleau de tassement unique. Dans ces modes de réalisation, l'engin automobile comprend un rouleau de tassement s'étendant à l'avant de l'engin automobile et au moins un -notamment un essieu unique- essieu portant d'au moins deux roues disposé(s) à l'arrière de l'engin automobile. Rien n'empêche cependant de prévoir que l'engin automobile comprenne un rouleau de tassement à l'avant et un rouleau de tassement à l'arrière, la trémie étant disposée à l'avant du rouleau de tassement avant selon le sens de déplacement de l'engin.According to certain embodiments, the motor vehicle according to the invention comprises a single tamping roller. In these embodiments, the motor vehicle comprises a compaction roller extending at the front of the motor vehicle and at least one - in particular a single axle - axle bearing at least two wheels arranged at the rear of the vehicle. Nothing, however, prevents providing that the motor vehicle comprises a compaction roller at the front and a compaction roller at the rear, the hopper being arranged in front of the front compaction roller according to the direction of movement of the gear.
Dans tout le texte :
- le terme « avant » et l'expression « à l'avant de » qualifiant l'engin automobile désignent la partie de l'engin automobile située dans un demi-espace défini par le plan de coupe transversale de l'engin automobile passant par l'axe de rotation du rouleau et ne comprenant pas le poste de pilotage de l'engin automobile ;
- le terme « arrière » et l'expression « à l'arrière de » qualifiant l'engin automobile désignent la partie de l'engin automobile située dans un demi-espace défini par le plan de coupe transversale de l'engin automobile passant par l'axe de rotation du rouleau et comprenant le poste de pilotage de l'engin, et ;
- les termes « supérieur » et « inférieur » définissent en relatif, la position d'éléments considérée lorsque l'engin 1 automobile est dans sa position de fonctionnement, c'est-à-dire dans sa position de dépôt et de tassement de gravillons sur le sol.
- the term "front" and the expression "in front of" qualifying the motor vehicle designate the part of the motor vehicle located in a half-space defined by the cross-sectional plane of the motor vehicle passing through the axis of rotation of the roller and not including the cockpit of the motor vehicle;
- the term "rear" and the expression "at the rear of" qualifying the motor vehicle designate the part of the motor vehicle located in a half-space defined by the cross-sectional plane of the motor vehicle passing through the axis of rotation of the roller and comprising the cockpit of the machine, and;
- the terms “upper” and “lower” define in relative terms the position of elements considered when the motor vehicle 1 is in its operating position, that is to say in its position for depositing and compacting gravel on floor.
L'engin automobile est un engin de masse élevée et adaptée pour permettre le tassement et le compactage des gravillons sur le goudron. La masse de l'engin automobile selon l'invention peut être comprise entre 1000 Kg et 5000 Kg - notamment comprise entre 1000 Kg et 3000 Kg, masse des gravillons non comprise. Rien n'empêche de prévoir que le rouleau de l'engin de compactage soit muni d'un dispositif vibrant d'amélioration du compactage.The motor vehicle is a machine of high mass and adapted to allow the settling and compacting of the gravel on the tar. The mass of the motor vehicle according to the invention can be between 1000 Kg and 5000 Kg - in particular between 1000 Kg and 3000 Kg, mass of gravel not included. There is nothing to prevent the roll of the compacting machine from being fitted with a vibrating device for improving compaction.
Le rouleau est cylindrique de révolution selon l'axe de rotation du rouleau.The roller is cylindrical of revolution along the axis of rotation of the roller.
Selon certains modes de réalisation, l'engin automobile selon l'invention comprend des roues arrière directionnelles. Rien n'empêche cependant que l'engin automobile soit un engin automobile articulé au moins selon un axe pivot vertical permettant de diriger l'engin automobile.According to certain embodiments, the motor vehicle according to the invention comprises directional rear wheels. However, nothing prevents the motor vehicle from being an articulated motor vehicle at least along a vertical pivot axis making it possible to steer the motor vehicle.
Selon certains modes de réalisation, la trémie est munie d'au moins une trappe de distribution de gravillons disposée en partie basse de la trémie et adaptée pour, dans un premier état de la trappe, maintenir les gravillons dans la trémie et pour, dans un deuxième état de la trappe, permettre une libération - notamment une libération par gravité- de gravillons stockés dans la trémie. La (chaque) trappe est adaptée pour pouvoir libérer des gravillons à partir de la trémie par simple écoulement gravitaire. L'ouverture de la (de chaque) trappe est adaptée pour pouvoir contrôler le débit de libération des gravillons à partir de la trémie.According to certain embodiments, the hopper is provided with at least one chippings distribution hatch arranged in the lower part of the hopper and adapted to, in a first state of the hatch, keep the chippings in the hopper and to, in a second state of the hatch, allowing a release - in particular a release by gravity - of gravel stored in the hopper. The (each) hatch is adapted to be able to release gravel from the hopper by simple gravity flow. The opening of the (each) hatch is adapted to be able to control the release rate of the gravel from the hopper.
Selon certains modes de réalisation, la trémie est munie d'une pluralité de trappes juxtaposées, permettant une ouverture sélective d'au moins une trappe et une libération contrôlée de gravillons à partir d'une partie de largeur seulement de la trémie. Dans ce mode de réalisation, l'engin automobile en déplacement permet de réaliser un dépôt de gravillons sur le sol à partir d'une partie seulement de fond de la trémie et en avant d'une partie seulement de la largeur totale de la bande de roulement du rouleau de tassement. L'engin automobile selon l'invention permet de contrôler la largeur de la bande de revêtement à déposer. Il est particulièrement adapté pour réaliser un dépôt de gravillons et un revêtement avec une précision au moins comparable -voire meilleure- que la précision obtenue lors d'un gravillonnage à la pelle.According to certain embodiments, the hopper is provided with a plurality of juxtaposed hatches, allowing selective opening of at least one hatch and controlled release of gravel from only a part of the width of the hopper. In this embodiment, the moving motor vehicle makes it possible to deposit gravel on the ground from only part of the bottom of the hopper and in front of only part of the total tread width of compaction roller. The motor vehicle according to the invention makes it possible to control the width of the strip of coating to be deposited. It is particularly suitable for depositing gravel and coating with a precision at least comparable to – or even better than – the precision obtained when gravelling with a shovel.
Selon certains modes de réalisation, la trémie présente une pluralité de trappes juxtaposées transversalement, chaque trappe comprenant un volet muni d'au moins un actionneur adapté pour pouvoir entrainer le volet en déplacement et placer le volet dans une position, dite position de distribution, dans laquelle la trappe permet une libération de gravillons stockés dans la trémie. Dans ces modes de réalisation, les trappes de la pluralité de trappes s'étendent transversalement sur toute la largeur de la trémie. Chaque trappe de la pluralité de trappes permet un dépôt de gravillons sur le sol selon au moins une bande de largeurs prédéterminées.According to certain embodiments, the hopper has a plurality of hatches juxtaposed transversely, each hatch comprising a flap provided with at least one actuator adapted to be able to drive the flap in displacement and place the flap in a position, called the dispensing position, in which the hatch allows the release of gravel stored in the hopper. In these embodiments, the hatches of the plurality of hatches extend transversely across the entire width of the hopper. Each hatch of the plurality of hatches allows gravel to be deposited on the ground according to at least one band of predetermined widths.
Le(s) actionneur(s) peuvent être de tout type. Bien entendu, le(s) actionneurs sont choisis pour être résistants aux conditions physico-chimiques régnant dans l'environnement de l'engin automobile en fonctionnement. De préférence, l(es)'actionneur(s) est(sont) disposés à l'extérieur de la trémie. Il(s) est(sont) choisis pour résister à des projections de gravillons et à des projections de goudron, éventuellement. En particulier, la trémie peut être munie d'une plaque rigide ou d'un coffret protégeant les actionneurs disposés à l'extérieur de la trémie.The actuator(s) can be of any type. Of course, the actuator(s) are chosen to be resistant to the physico-chemical conditions prevailing in the environment of the motor vehicle in operation. Preferably, the actuator(s) is (are) arranged outside the hopper. It(s) is(are) chosen to resist chippings and tar projections, if necessary. In particular, the hopper can be provided with a rigid plate or a box protecting the actuators arranged outside the hopper.
Selon certains modes de réalisation, au moins un -notamment chaque-actionneur est choisi dans le groupe formé des actionneurs à moteur électrique, des actionneurs pneumatiques et des actionneurs hydrauliques. Rien n'empêche cependant qu'au moins un notamment chaque- actionneur soit susceptible d'être actionné manuellement.According to certain embodiments, at least one—in particular each—actuator is chosen from the group formed by electric motor actuators, pneumatic actuators and hydraulic actuators. However, nothing prevents at least one in particular each actuator from being able to be actuated manually.
Selon certains modes de réalisation, l'engin automobile selon l'invention comprend un dispositif de commande à distance d'au moins un -notamment de chaque- actionneur et d'entrainement du volet en déplacement de façon à placer le volet dans ladite position de distribution. L'ouverture de chaque volet peut ainsi être commandée à distance en cours de déplacement de l'engin, notamment par l'individu pilotant l'engin et embarqué sur l'engin automobile. Elle peut être commandée par l'individu pilotant l'engin et à l'appréciation de ce dernier, selon la topographie du lieu et du sol en cours de revêtement.According to certain embodiments, the motor vehicle according to the invention comprises a remote control device for at least one -in particular of each- actuator and for driving the flap in displacement so as to place the flap in said position of distribution. The opening of each flap can thus be controlled remotely while the machine is moving, in particular by the individual driving the machine and on board the motor vehicle. It can be controlled by the individual piloting the machine and at the latter's discretion, depending on the topography of the place and of the ground being covered.
Selon certains modes de réalisation, la trémie est munie d'un peigne répartiteur des gravillons libérés par la fente de distribution. Le peigne s'étend dans le prolongement de la paroi de fond de la trémie.According to certain embodiments, the hopper is provided with a comb distributing the gravel released by the distribution slot. The comb extends in the extension of the bottom wall of the hopper.
Selon certains modes de réalisation et avantageusement selon l'invention, la trémie est montée suspendue à l'avant de l'engin automobile et comprend des moyens formant entretoise de maintien de la trémie à distance du rouleau de tassement. Selon ces modes de réalisation, le simple accrochage de la trémie à un élément de châssis et/ou de carrosserie de l'engin et à l'avant de l'engin en suspension par rapport au châssis et/ou à la carrosserie est possible du fait des moyens formant entretoise maintenant la trémie à distance du rouleau de tassement -notamment du rouleau de tassement entrainé en rotation-.According to certain embodiments and advantageously according to the invention, the hopper is mounted suspended at the front of the motor vehicle and comprises means forming a spacer for maintaining the hopper at a distance from the roller of settling. According to these embodiments, the simple attachment of the hopper to a chassis and/or bodywork element of the machine and to the front of the machine in suspension relative to the chassis and/or the bodywork is possible made of means forming a spacer now the hopper at a distance from the tamping roller -in particular from the tamping roller driven in rotation-.
Dans ces modes de réalisation, les moyens formant entretoise sont montés solidaires de la trémie et comprennent au moins un roulement d'axe de rotation parallèle à l'axe de rotation du rouleau de tassement et adapté pour pouvoir être entrainé en rotation par le rouleau cylindrique et maintenir la trémie à distance du rouleau de tassement. Dans ces modes de réalisation, en dépit de la masse de la trémie et des gravillons contenus dans la trémie, la trémie est maintenue à l'avant de l'engin par simple suspension ou accrochage de la trémie à un élément de châssis et/ou de carrosserie de l'engin et sans frottement du rouleau de tassement sur la trémie. Selon certains modes de réalisation, les moyens formant entretoise comprennent de 2 à 5 -notamment 3 roulements- roulements régulièrement répartis sur la largeur de la trémie.In these embodiments, the means forming a spacer are mounted integral with the hopper and comprise at least one bearing with an axis of rotation parallel to the axis of rotation of the compacting roller and adapted to be driven in rotation by the cylindrical roller. and keeping the hopper away from the compaction roller. In these embodiments, despite the mass of the hopper and the gravel contained in the hopper, the hopper is maintained at the front of the machine by simple suspension or attachment of the hopper to a frame element and/or body of the machine and without friction of the compaction roller on the hopper. According to certain embodiments, the means forming a spacer comprise from 2 to 5—in particular 3 bearings—bearings regularly distributed over the width of the hopper.
Selon certains modes de réalisation, la trémie peut être montée solidaire d'un élément de châssis et/ou de carrosserie par une liaison rigide de sorte que la trémie est maintenue à distance du rouleau de tassement du fait de cette liaison rigide.According to certain embodiments, the hopper can be mounted integral with a chassis and/or bodywork element by a rigid connection so that the hopper is kept at a distance from the compacting roller due to this rigid connection.
Selon certains autres modes de réalisation avantageux, l'engin automobile comprend des moyens d'accrochage en suspension/décrochage réversibles de la trémie sur un élément de châssis et/ou de carrosserie de l'engin. Dans ces modes de réalisation avantageux, l'accrochage de la trémie à l'avant de l'engin et le décrochage volontaire de la trémie sont facilités. Ainsi, pour réduire l'encombrement de l'engin lors de ses déplacements, il est possible de décrocher la trémie et la transporter indépendamment de l'engin. Selon certains modes de réalisation, les moyens d'accrochage en suspension/décrochage comprennent au moins un crochet monté solidaire d'un élément de châssis et/ou de carrosserie de l'engin. Dans ces modes de réalisation, la trémie présente au moins une lumière adaptée et disposée pour pouvoir coopérer avec ce(s) crochet(s) et suspendre la trémie à l'engin.According to certain other advantageous embodiments, the motor vehicle comprises means for hooking in suspension/reversible unhooking of the hopper on a chassis and/or bodywork element of the vehicle. In these advantageous embodiments, the attachment of the hopper to the front of the machine and the voluntary unhooking of the hopper are facilitated. Thus, to reduce the size of the machine during its travels, it is possible to unhook the hopper and transport it independently of the machine. According to certain embodiments, the suspension/detachment attachment means comprise at least one hook mounted integral with a chassis and/or bodywork element of the machine. In these embodiments, the hopper has at least one light adapted and arranged to be able to cooperate with this (these) hook(s) and suspend the hopper from the machine.
Dans d'autres modes de réalisation, les moyens d'accrochage en suspension/décrochage réversibles de la trémie sur un élément de châssis et/ou de carrosserie de l'engin comprennent au moins un pivot cylindrique - notamment cylindrique de révolution- monté solidaire de l'enveloppe en partie supérieure de la trémie, chaque pivot étant adapté pour pouvoir coopérer avec une encoche formée dans un élément de châssis et/ou de carrosserie, ladite encoche s'étendant verticalement et débouchante vers le haut. Dans ces modes de réalisation, le(s) pivot(s) cylindrique(s) sont adaptés pour pouvoir être maintenus dans au moins une encoche complémentaire du(des) pivot(s) et suspendre la trémie. L'accrochage de la trémie à l'avant de l'engin et le décrochage volontaire de la trémie sont facilités.In other embodiments, the means for hooking in suspension/reversible unhooking of the hopper on a chassis and/or bodywork element of the machine comprise at least one cylindrical pivot - in particular cylindrical of revolution - mounted integral with the envelope in the upper part of the hopper, each pivot being adapted to be able to cooperate with a notch formed in a chassis and/or bodywork element, said notch extending vertically and emerging upwards. In these embodiments, the cylindrical pivot(s) are adapted to be able to be held in at least one complementary notch of the pivot(s) and suspend the hopper. The attachment of the hopper to the front of the machine and the voluntary unhooking of the hopper are facilitated.
Selon certains modes de réalisation avantageux, les moyens d'accrochage en suspension/décrochage réversibles de la trémie sur un élément de châssis et/ou de carrosserie de l'engin sont des moyens d'accrochage en suspension verrouillables. Dans ces modes de réalisation, les moyens d'accrochage en suspension verrouillables comprennent un clapet adapté pour pouvoir obstruer l'embouchure de l'encoche et s'opposer au décrochage de la trémie. Dans ces modes de réalisation, les moyens d'accrochage/décrochage étant verrouillables, un décrochage intempestif de la trémie lors d'opérations de dépôt et de tassement de gravillons est empêché.According to certain advantageous embodiments, the means for hooking in suspension/reversible unhooking of the hopper on a frame and/or bodywork element of the machine are lockable means for hooking in suspension. In these embodiments, the lockable suspension attachment means comprise a valve adapted to be able to obstruct the mouth of the notch and oppose the unhooking of the hopper. In these embodiments, the hooking/unhooking means being lockable, untimely unhooking of the hopper during gravel depositing and packing operations is prevented.
Selon certains modes de réalisation particuliers, la trémie comprend une enveloppe rigide formant entonnoir de rétention et de guidage des gravillons, l'enveloppe étant formée :
- d'une paroi avant supportant les volets et les actionneurs ;
- d'une paroi arrière supportant les moyens formant entretoise ;
- d'une paroi de fond inclinée -notamment à 45°- vers l'avant et vers le bas et prolongeant la paroi arrière vers l'avant ;
- deux parois latérales joignant les bords latéraux de la paroi avant, les bords latéraux de la paroi arrière et les bords latéraux de la paroi de fond ;
- a front wall supporting the shutters and the actuators;
- a rear wall supporting the means forming a spacer;
- a bottom wall inclined - in particular at 45° - forwards and downwards and extending the rear wall forwards;
- two side walls joining the side edges of the front wall, the side edges of the rear wall and the side edges of the bottom wall;
Dans ces modes de réalisation, l'enveloppe de la trémie est formée d'un matériau métallique, notamment en tôle forte.In these embodiments, the casing of the hopper is formed of a metallic material, in particular of heavy plate.
L'invention concerne aussi un procédé de dépôt de gravillons sur au moins une partie d'un sol et de tassement sur le sol des gravillons ainsi déposés, dans lequel :
- on choisit un engin automobile selon l'invention, et ;
- on réalise en une seule passe de l'engin automobile, le dépôt et le tassement des gravillons sur le sol.
- a motor vehicle according to the invention is chosen, and;
- in a single pass of the motor vehicle, the gravel is deposited and compacted on the ground.
Le procédé de dépôt de gravillons et de tassement des gravillons déposés est simplifié.The process of depositing gravel and compacting the deposited gravel is simplified.
L'invention concerne également un engin automobile de dépôt de gravillons sur un sol et de compactage des gravillons ainsi déposés caractérisés en combinaison par tout ou partie des caractéristiques mentionnées ci-dessus ou ci-après. Quelle que soit la présentation formelle qui en est donnée, sauf indication contraire explicite, les différentes caractéristiques mentionnées ci-dessus ou ci-après ne doivent pas être considérées comme étroitement ou inextricablement liées entre elles, l'invention pouvant concerner l'une seulement de ces caractéristiques structurelles ou fonctionnelles, ou une partie seulement de ces caractéristiques structurelles ou fonctionnelles, ou une partie seulement de l'une de ces caractéristiques structurelles ou fonctionnelles, ou encore tout groupement, combinaison ou juxtaposition de tout ou partie de ces caractéristiques structurelles ou fonctionnelles.The invention also relates to a vehicle for depositing gravel on the ground and for compacting the gravel thus deposited, characterized in combination by all or some of the characteristics mentioned above or below. Regardless of the formal presentation given, unless expressly indicated otherwise, the various characteristics mentioned above or below should not be considered as closely or inextricably linked to each other, the invention possibly relating to only one of them. these structural or functional characteristics, or part only of these structural or functional characteristics, or only part of one of these structural or functional characteristics, or any grouping, combination or juxtaposition of all or part of these structural or functional characteristics.
D'autres buts, caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre et des dessins annexés dans lesquels :
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Fig 1 ] lafigure 1 est une représentation schématique en perspective d'un engin automobile selon l'invention en déplacement sur un sol en cours de revêtement ; - [
Fig 2 ] lafigure 2 est une vue de côté d'un détail de la partie avant d'une variante d'un engin automobile selon l'invention, et ; - [
Fig 3 ] lafigure 3 est une vue de la face avant de la trémie d'une variante d'un engin automobile selon l'invention.
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Fig 1 ] therefigure 1 is a schematic representation in perspective of a motor vehicle according to the invention moving on a ground being covered; - [
Fig 2 ] there is a side view of a detail of the front part of a variant of a motor vehicle according to the invention, and;picture 2 - [
Fig.3 ] there is a view of the front face of the hopper of a variant of a motor vehicle according to the invention.picture 3
Un engin 1 automobile selon l'invention est représenté schématiquement en
L'engin 1 automobile comprend un rouleau 2 de tassement du sol de la voie 20 sur lequel l'engin 1 progresse. Le rouleau 2 de tassement est disposé en partie 22 avant de l'engin 1. Le rouleau 2 de tassement est de forme cylindrique de révolution. Le rouleau de tassement peut être un rouleau formé d'un seul tenant. Rien n'empêche cependant de prévoir que le rouleau de tassement soit formé d'une pluralité de tronçons de rouleau de tassement de forme cylindrique de révolution, contigus et juxtaposés et formant un rouleau de tassement continu et de diamètre (en section droite transversale) contant. L'engin 1 automobile comprend des éléments 23 de châssis et de carrosserie assurant la rigidité de l'engin. Le châssis peut être équipé de roues 25 directrices en partie 24 arrière de l'engin. Le rouleau 2 de tassement est monté rotatif selon un axe 3 de rotation s'étendant sensiblement transversalement par rapport au châssis et à l'engin. L'engin 1 automobile est muni de moyens d'entrainement du rouleau 2 de tassement en rotation ce par quoi il est entrainé sur la voie 20,21 selon la direction 4 de déplacement.The automobile machine 1 comprises a
L'engin 1 automobile selon l'invention comprend une trémie 5 de stockage de gravillons s'étendant en partie frontale de l'engin 1. Dans le mode d'utilisation normale de l'engin 1 automobile, la trémie 5 est solidaire du châssis 23 de l'engin 1 automobile et précède le rouleau 2 de tassement en déplacement. La trémie 5 est montée solidaire du châssis 23 et n'est pas en contact avec le sol. La trémie 5 est formée en un matériau rigide, notamment en tôle d'épaisseur suffisante pour conférer à la trémie 5 une rigidité suffisante pour permettre le stockage et le convoyage de gravillons dans la trémie 5. La trémie 5 comprend une enveloppe 13 rigide formant un entonnoir de rétention et de guidage des gravillons vers une fente 18 de distribution de gravillons, s'étendant en face avant 22 de l'engin 1, transversalement, en partie basse et sur toute la largeur de la trémie 5. L'enveloppe 13 est formée d'une paroi 14 avant supportant des actionneurs 7, d'une paroi 15 arrière supportant des moyens 9 formant entretoise d'une paroi 16 de fond inclinée -notamment à 45°- vers l'avant et vers le bas dans le prolongement de la paroi 15 arrière vers l'avant et deux parois 17 latérales joignant les bords latéraux de la paroi 14 avant, de la paroi 15 arrière et de la paroi 16 de fond.The automobile vehicle 1 according to the invention comprises a
La paroi 14 avant, la paroi 15 arrière, la paroi 16 de fond et les parois 17 latérales de la trémie 5 délimitent un espace 26 interne de la trémie 5 dont le volume peut varier de 250 L à 1000 L, notamment de 400 L à 800 L, en particulier de l'ordre de 500 L. Les parois 14,15,16,17 présentent des bords supérieurs définissant une ouverture 27 supérieure débouchante adaptée pour permettre un remplissage de la trémie 5 avec des gravillons. En particulier, une telle ouverture 27 permet le remplissage de la trémie 5 par déversement de gravillons à partir d'une benne d'un camion d'approvisionnement. La trémie 5 est montée solidaire d'au moins un élément 23 de châssis et/ou de carrosserie de l'engin 1, suspendue à l'avant 22 de l'engin 1 et en avant d'un plan vertical tangent à la surface avant du rouleau 2 de tassement. Ainsi, la trémie 5 disposée à l'avant de l'engin 1 est facilement accessible pour réaliser son approvisionnement en gravillons, par exemple par déversement à partir d'une benne d'un véhicule d'approvisionnement en gravillons.The
Dans le mode de réalisation représenté en
L'engin 1 selon l'invention comprend des moyens 9 rigides d'espacement de la trémie 5 et du rouleau 2 de tassement, ces moyens 9 formant entretoise de maintien de la trémie 5 -notamment de la paroi 15 arrière de la trémie 5- et du rouleau 2 de tassement à distance l'un de l'autre. Les moyens 9 formant entretoise sont décrits plus en détail en rapport avec la
Selon certains modes de réalisation, les moyens 9 formant entretoise comprennent une pluralité de roulement 10, notamment une pluralité de roulement 10 régulièrement répartis sur toute la largeur de la trémie 5. Selon certains modes de réalisation particuliers, la trémie 5 présente deux roulements 10 disposés symétriquement par rapport au plan sagittal de l'engin 1 et de la trémie 5. Selon certains modes de réalisation particuliers, la trémie 5 présente trois roulements 10 -notamment alignés- régulièrement répartis sur toute la largeur de la paroi 15 arrière et de la trémie 5.According to certain embodiments, the
La paroi 16 de fond, la paroi 14 avant et les parois 17 latérales de l'enveloppe ménagent dans l'enveloppe 13, une fente 18 de distribution de gravillons s'étendant transversalement en partie basse de la trémie 5 et sur toute la largeur de la trémie 5. La hauteur de la fente 18 peut dépendre de la granulométrie des gravillons à déposer. Dans certains modes de réalisation dans lesquels la granulométrie moyenne des gravillons est comprise entre 2 mm et 4 mm (« grain de riz ») et 6 mm et 10 mm (« gravillons »), la hauteur de la fente 18 de distribution est comprise entre 20 mm et 100 mm, notamment comprise entre 30 mm et 70 mm, en particulier de l'ordre de 50 mm.The
La trémie 5 comprend au moins un volet 6 coopérant avec la fente 18 de distribution et formant une trappe 19, le(s) volet(s) 6 étant adapté(s) pour pouvoir, dans une première position du(des) volet(s) 6, dite position d'obturation, s'étendre en regard d'au moins une partie de la fente 18 de distribution et s'opposer à la distribution de gravillons et pour pouvoir, dans une deuxième position du(des) volet(s) 6, dite position de distribution, dans lequel le(s) volet(s) 6 n'est(ne sont pas) pas positionné(s) en regard d'au moins une partie de la fente 18 et permettent un écoulement gravitaire des gravillons à partir de la trémie 5. Dans les modes de réalisation représentés en
Dans les modes de réalisation représentés en
Selon l'invention, chaque volet 61,62,63,64,65 peut être actionné manuellement entre ladite position de distribution et ladite position d'obturation. Cela étant, dans les modes de réalisation représentés en
Dans certains modes de réalisation avantageux, l'engin 1 automobile est muni d'un dispositif 8 de commande de chaque actionneur 71,72,73,74,75 adapté pour permettre à un conducteur de l'engin 1 automobile de déplacer chaque volet 61,62,63,64,65 indépendamment l'un de l'autre ou conjointement les uns avec les autres, entre ladite position de distribution à ladite position d'obturation. Le dispositif 8 de commande est un dispositif de commande à distance comprenant un organe sélecteur de l'un des actionneurs ou d'un groupe d'actionneurs et un organe déclencheur de l'actionneur sélectionné ou du groupe d'actionneurs sélectionnés.In certain advantageous embodiments, the motor vehicle 1 is provided with a
Dans certains modes de réalisation, rien n'empêche que les volets 61,62,63,64,65 soient des volets oscillo-battants par rapport à un axe d'oscillation sensiblement horizontal, le(s) volet(s) oscillo-battant(s) s'étendant en regard de la fente 18 de distribution et obstruant celle-ci dans ladite position d'obturation du(des) volet(s), le(s) volet(s) étant relevés par rapport à la fente 18 de distribution dans ladite position de distribution.In certain embodiments, nothing prevents the
Un détail de la partie avant 22 d'un engin 1 automobile selon l'invention est représenté en vue de côté en
L'engin 1 comprend des moyens 9 formant entretoise s'étendant entre la paroi 15 arrière de la trémie et le rouleau 2 de tassement. Les moyens 9 formant entretoise comprennent avantageusement au moins un roulement 10 monté solidaire de la trémie 5 et de la paroi 15 arrière de la trémie 5, et rotatif par rapport à la trémie 5 selon un axe 11 de rotation parallèle à l'axe 3 de rotation du rouleau 2 de tassement. Le roulement 10 présente une bande de roulement adaptée pour être en contact avec la surface externe du rouleau 2 de tassement et permettre le maintien de la trémie 5 suspendue à un élément 23 de châssis et/ou de carrosserie lors d'opérations de revêtement d'un sol, y compris lors d'opérations pendant lesquelles le rouleau 2 de tassement est entrainé en rotation. Ainsi, les moyens 9 d'espacement et le(s) roulement(s) 10 permettent de réduire les forces de frottement entre la trémie 5 et le rouleau 2 de tassement, notamment du fait que la trémie est montée solidaire du châssis en suspension par rapport au châssis. L'intégrité de la structure de la trémie 5 est ainsi préservée.The machine 1 comprises
La trémie 5 montée suspendue au châssis 23 représentée en
Une vue de la face avant 22 d'un engin 1 automobile selon l'invention est représenté en
Bien entendu, cette description est donnée à titre d'exemple illustratif uniquement et l'homme du métier pourra y apporter de nombreuses modifications sans sortir de la portée de l'invention. Par exemple les dimensions de la trémie et sa forme peuvent varier. Également, le nombre de roulement et le nombre de volet(s) peut être ajusté selon la topographie du sol à revêtir. Également, la distance séparant la paroi de fond et le sol peut être ajustée de façon à contrôler la hauteur de chute des gravillons et la précision du dépôt.Of course, this description is given by way of illustrative example only and those skilled in the art may make numerous modifications thereto without departing from the scope of the invention. For example the dimensions of the hopper and its shape can vary. Also, the number of bearings and the number of flap(s) can be adjusted according to the topography of the ground to be coated. Also, the distance separating the bottom wall and the ground can be adjusted so as to control the height of fall of the gravel and the precision of the deposit.
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2111322A FR3128472B1 (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Automotive Machine Graveler/Compactor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4170091A1 true EP4170091A1 (en) | 2023-04-26 |
| EP4170091B1 EP4170091B1 (en) | 2025-10-15 |
Family
ID=79171137
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22203688.1A Active EP4170091B1 (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2022-10-25 | Gravelling/compacting automotive vehicle |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4170091B1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR3128472B1 (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2258205A (en) * | 1940-01-08 | 1941-10-07 | Peter B Halvorson | Road building machine |
| US2586396A (en) * | 1949-03-24 | 1952-02-19 | Trampler Edward | Machine for spreading road surfacing material |
| GB1017224A (en) * | 1963-08-07 | 1966-01-19 | Aveling Barford Ltd | Improvements in or relating to chip or aggregate distributing devices |
| US3526173A (en) | 1968-05-15 | 1970-09-01 | George Brandstetter & Sons Co | Machine and improvement therein for laying surfacing material such as asphalt or the like |
| FR2769329A1 (en) * | 1997-10-03 | 1999-04-09 | Routiere Beugnet | Road surface coating procedure and machine |
| FR3051204A1 (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-17 | Rkm | ROLLING MACHINE, IN PARTICULAR FOR FLOOR REMOVAL, IN THE FORM OF A BED, OF BULK MATERIALS |
-
2021
- 2021-10-25 FR FR2111322A patent/FR3128472B1/en active Active
-
2022
- 2022-10-25 EP EP22203688.1A patent/EP4170091B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2258205A (en) * | 1940-01-08 | 1941-10-07 | Peter B Halvorson | Road building machine |
| US2586396A (en) * | 1949-03-24 | 1952-02-19 | Trampler Edward | Machine for spreading road surfacing material |
| GB1017224A (en) * | 1963-08-07 | 1966-01-19 | Aveling Barford Ltd | Improvements in or relating to chip or aggregate distributing devices |
| US3526173A (en) | 1968-05-15 | 1970-09-01 | George Brandstetter & Sons Co | Machine and improvement therein for laying surfacing material such as asphalt or the like |
| FR2769329A1 (en) * | 1997-10-03 | 1999-04-09 | Routiere Beugnet | Road surface coating procedure and machine |
| FR3051204A1 (en) | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-17 | Rkm | ROLLING MACHINE, IN PARTICULAR FOR FLOOR REMOVAL, IN THE FORM OF A BED, OF BULK MATERIALS |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4170091B1 (en) | 2025-10-15 |
| FR3128472B1 (en) | 2023-12-08 |
| FR3128472A1 (en) | 2023-04-28 |
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