Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
  • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
  • E01H5/04—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material
  • E01H5/06—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by non-driven elements, e.g. scraper blades, snow-plough blades, scoop blades
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
  • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
  • E01H5/04—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material
  • E01H5/06—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by non-driven elements, e.g. scraper blades, snow-plough blades, scoop blades
  • E01H5/068—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by non-driven elements, e.g. scraper blades, snow-plough blades, scoop blades by backblades
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
  • E01H5/00—Removing snow or ice from roads or like surfaces; Grading or roughening snow or ice
  • E01H5/04—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material
  • E01H5/06—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by non-driven elements, e.g. scraper blades, snow-plough blades, scoop blades
  • E01H5/067—Apparatus propelled by animal or engine power; Apparatus propelled by hand with driven dislodging or conveying levelling elements, conveying pneumatically for the dislodged material dislodging essentially by non-driven elements, e.g. scraper blades, snow-plough blades, scoop blades by side-wing snow-plough blades
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
  • E01H10/00—Improving gripping of ice-bound or other slippery traffic surfaces, e.g. using gritting or thawing materials ; Roadside storage of gritting or solid thawing materials; Permanently installed devices for applying gritting or thawing materials; Mobile apparatus specially adapted for treating wintry roads by applying liquid, semi-liquid or granular materials
  • E01H10/007—Mobile apparatus specially adapted for preparing or applying liquid or semi-liquid thawing material or spreading granular material on wintry roads

Definitions

• the present invention relates to snow removal from road traffic lanes, and more particularly relates to a snow removal trailer intended to be towed by a vehicle with a towing hitch.
• the snow removal trailer in the document US 2006/0143952 A1 has four wheels that can be selectively steered by steering means.
• the wheels of the snow removal trailer are oriented so that their respective axle axis makes an angle with the first direction that is other than 90°, the chassis of the trailer pivots freely around the hitch of the towing vehicle.
• the towing vehicle when the towing vehicle is also equipped with a snow plow, it is necessary to avoid a strip of snow remaining between the trailer's snow plow and that of the towing vehicle. To achieve this, it is necessary to provide a certain overlap between the area swept by the trailer's snow plow and the area swept by the towing vehicle's snow plow. Since the end of the snow plow closest to the towing vehicle can be offset to the side of the towing vehicle when the snow plow trailer is pivoted, the towing vehicle must be equipped with a plow extending in width beyond the towing vehicle and going far enough to the side of the towing vehicle to overlap the trailer's snow plow. But this increase in the The width of the snow plow blade of the towing vehicle is a hindrance to the handling of the towing vehicle.
• the document US 2001/0023546 A1 describes a snow removal device intended to be towed by a vehicle.
• This device comprises a chassis extending in a first direction between a first end and a second end.
• the first end of the chassis is provided with connection means allowing a freely pivoting connection to the coupling of the towing vehicle in a substantially horizontal plane.
• connection means allowing a freely pivoting connection to the coupling of the towing vehicle in a substantially horizontal plane.
• a snow removal blade In the vicinity of the second end of the chassis is suspended a snow removal blade which can be oriented relative to the chassis by pivoting about a substantially vertical direction and centered on the median longitudinal axis of the chassis.
• the blade is immobilized in pivoting by rods engaged in holes.
• a problem addressed by the present invention is to design a snow removal trailer intended to be towed by a vehicle with a towing hitch, making it possible to effectively limit the risks of collision between the snow removal trailer and the towing vehicle.
• the invention provides a snow removal trailer intended to be towed by a towing hitch vehicle, said snow removal trailer comprising the combination of features set forth in claim 1.
• the towing vehicle when the towing vehicle is traveling in a straight line by controlling the pivoting means, it is possible to ensure that the drawbar remains aligned with the straight path of the towing vehicle, whether in the rest position or in the snow removal position.
• the orientation of the snow removal blade is then achieved by the relative pivoting of the trailer chassis and the drawbar around the fourth direction.
• the end closest to the towing vehicle of the trailer snow plough is laterally closer to the hitch and the towing vehicle, or may even be held laterally behind the towing vehicle (i.e. without protruding beyond the width of the towing vehicle).
• the towing vehicle can thus be equipped with a narrower front snow plough, without a strip of snow remaining between the trailer snow plough and the towing vehicle snow plough.
• the pivoting means comprise a first double-acting hydraulic cylinder, one end of which is fixed to the drawbar and the other end of which is fixed to the chassis, capable of pivotally moving the drawbar between its transport and snow removal positions, and of fixing the relative angular position of the trailer chassis and the drawbar.
• the pivoting means thus have a simple and robust structure, and are also very simple to control.
• the snow removal trailer may comprise a drawbar locking bar, having a fixed length, one end of which may be fixed to the drawbar and the other end of which may be fixed to the chassis to immobilize the drawbar and the chassis in the transport position.
• the locking bar is used to immobilize the drawbar in the transport position, to prevent any unintentional pivoting of the snow removal trailer in the event of failure or unintentional use of the pivoting means.
• the drawbar and chassis can be returned (manually for example) to the transport position, then locked in the transport position to allow the operator to safely tow the snow removal trailer to a maintenance center.
• the steering means comprise a second double-acting hydraulic cylinder, one end of which is fixed to the chassis and the other end of which is coupled to the axle axis around which the wheel rotates, capable of moving the axle of the wheel between its first and second positions by pivoting around a pivoting direction substantially perpendicular to the plane defined by the first direction and the axle axis of the wheel.
• the steering means thus have a simple and robust structure, and are also very simple to control.
• the snow removal trailer may comprise a fixed-length orientation immobilization bar, one end of which may be coupled to the axle shaft around which the wheel rotates and the other end of which may be fixed to the chassis, to immobilize the wheel in the first position.
• the steering immobilization bar allows the wheel to be immobilized in the first position, to prevent any untimely pivoting of the wheel in the event of failure of the steering means.
• the wheel can be returned (manually for example) to the first position, then immobilized in the first position in order to allow the operator to safely tow the snow removal trailer to a maintenance center.
• Said at least one snow removal blade is pivotally articulated on the chassis and is movable, by movement means, around a fifth direction substantially parallel to the first direction, between a rest position and a working position.
• the snow plow blade can thus be retracted by a very simple mechanical movement to come to the side of the snow plow trailer chassis in working position.
• the snow removal trailer may include means for locking the snow removal blade in the rest position.
• the locking means make it possible to immobilize the snow removal blade in the rest position and to prevent any untimely movement of the snow removal blade to its working position, in particular when the towing vehicle is traveling with the drawbar and chassis aligned (transport position) to go to or return from the site to be cleared of snow.
• the snow removal blade can be returned (manually for example) to the rest position, then be immobilized in the rest position in order to allow the operator to travel safely with the snow removal trailer.
• the snow removal trailer may comprise a device for projecting a substance such as salt or sand, the longitudinal position of which on the chassis is adjustable in translation in the first direction. Adjusting the longitudinal position of the projection device on the chassis, as a function of the relative angular position of the trailer chassis and the drawbar, makes it possible to position the projection device so that it distributes the projected substance as well as possible on the roadway.
• a plurality of wheels helps to better balance the snow removal trailer and better support its load, especially when it carries a device for projecting a substance such as salt or sand with a salt or sand tank.
• the orientation means and/or the pivoting means can be powered by at least one hydraulic pump carried by the chassis.
• the snow removal trailer is thus equipped with the means necessary to ensure the orientation of said at least one wheel and/or the relative pivoting of the chassis and the drawbar. It can thus be used behind any towing vehicle as long as the driver is provided with remote control means allowing the hydraulic pump to be controlled.
• the snow removal trailer may include means for synchronised control of the steering means and the pivoting means. This avoids subjecting the steering means and the pivoting means to unnecessarily high forces during the relative pivoting of the trailer chassis relative to the drawbar.
• the first and second fluid compressors are part of a single double hydraulic pump, which is more compact and more economical.
• the snow removal trailer includes safety means capable of simultaneously controlling the movement of the drawbar to its transport position, the movement of the wheel to its first position, and the movement of the snow removal blade to its rest position.
• safety means capable of simultaneously controlling the movement of the drawbar to its transport position, the movement of the wheel to its first position, and the movement of the snow removal blade to its rest position.
• Such means are particularly useful in the in the event of an emergency (such as an obstacle for example) requiring the snow removal trailer to be quickly recalled into position behind the towing vehicle and the snow removal blade to be withdrawn.
• FIG. 9 a particular embodiment of a snow removal trailer 1 according to the invention is illustrated, intended to be towed by a vehicle 2 with a towing hitch.
• the snow removal trailer 1 comprises a chassis 3 extending in a first direction II and comprising two snow removal blades 4 and 5.
• the chassis 3 supports the various components of the snow removal trailer 1.
• wheels 6a to 6d carry the chassis 3 by bearing on the ground, said wheels 6a to 6d being selectively steerable by steer means 7 between a first position ( figure 3 ), in which the axle axes 7a to 7d around which the wheels 6a to 6d rotate are perpendicular to the first direction II, and at least one second position ( figure 6 ), in which the axle axes 7a to 7d around which the wheels 6a to 6d rotate make an angle A with the first direction II which is different from 90°.
• a drawbar 8 extends in a second direction II-II between first and second ends 8a and 8b.
• first connection means 9 (a simple ring in this case) allow a freely pivoting connection to the coupling of the towing vehicle 2 around a third direction III-III substantially perpendicular to the plane defined by the first direction II and by the axle axes 7a to 7d around which said wheels 6a to 6d rotate.
• the drawbar 8 is articulated to the chassis 3 pivoting about a fourth direction IV-IV substantially perpendicular to the plane defined by the first direction II and the axle axes 7a to 7d about which said wheels 6a to 6d rotate.
• Pivoting means 10 make it possible to selectively pivotally move the chassis 3 of trailer 1 relative to the drawbar 8 and to fix the relative angular position of the chassis 3 of trailer 1 and the drawbar 8 between a transport position ( figure 3 ), in which the first and second directions II and II-II are substantially parallel, and at least one snow removal position ( figure 6 ), in which the first and second directions II and II-II make a non-zero angle B between them (about 30° here).
• the pivoting means 10 comprise a first double-acting hydraulic cylinder 11, one end 11a of which is fixed (pivotingly) to the drawbar 8 and the other end 11b of which is fixed (pivotingly) to the chassis 3.
• the first hydraulic cylinder 11 is capable of moving the drawbar 8 between its transport positions ( figure 3 ) and snow removal ( figure 6 ), and to fix the relative angular position of the chassis 3 of trailer 1 and the drawbar 8 (angle B can for example vary between approximately 0° and approximately 50°).
• the first hydraulic cylinder 11 pivotally moves the chassis 3 relative to the drawbar 8 to a snow removal position ( figure 6 ).
• a suitable snow removal position of predetermined angle B or deemed satisfactory by the operator has been reached, the supply to the first hydraulic cylinder 11 is interrupted.
• the first double-acting hydraulic cylinder 11 then maintains the relative angular position of the chassis 3 and the drawbar 8.
• the first hydraulic cylinder 11 pivotally moves the chassis 3 relative to the drawbar to its transport position ( figures 3 And 8 ).
• the snow removal trailer 1 comprises a drawbar locking bar 13 having a fixed length.
• the end 13a of the drawbar locking bar 13 is pivotally fixed to the chassis 3 while its other end 13b can be fixed either to the chassis 3 or to the drawbar 8.
• the drawbar locking bar 13 fixes the angular position of the chassis 3 and the drawbar 8 so that the latter is in the transport position (first and second directions II and II-II parallel).
• the drawbar locking bar 13 thus makes it possible to immobilize the drawbar 8 and the chassis 3 in the transport position, either in the event of failure of the first hydraulic cylinder 11, or as a safety locking means during passive driving without snow removal.
• the orientation means 7 comprise a second double-acting hydraulic cylinder 14, which is more particularly visible in the schematic representation of the figure 7 .
• One end 14a of the second hydraulic cylinder 14 is fixed (pivotally) on the chassis 3 while its other end 14b is coupled to the axle shafts 7a to 7d around which the wheels 6a to 6d rotate.
• the second hydraulic cylinder 14 is able to move the axles of the wheels 6a to 6d between a first position ( figures 3 And 8 ) and a second position ( figure 6 ) by pivoting around the pivot directions Va-Va, Vb-Vb, Vc-Vc and Vd-Vd substantially perpendicular to the plane defined by the first direction II and the axle axes 7a to 7d of the wheels 6a to 6d.
• the axle of the wheel 6a is also coupled to the axle of the wheel 6b via a rod 21a while the axle of the wheel 6c is coupled to the axle of the wheel 6d via a rod 21b.
• the pivoting of the axles of the wheels 6a and 6c about the pivoting directions Va-Va and Vc-Vc simultaneously causes the respective pivoting of the wheels 6b and 6d about their pivoting directions Vb-Vb and Vd-Vd.
• the hydraulic cylinder 14 makes it possible to pivot simultaneously the axles of the four wheels 6a to 6d in the second position while permanently maintaining the axle axes 7a to 7d parallel to each other.
• Reverse actuation of the second hydraulic cylinder 14 allows the axles of the wheels 6a to 6d to be moved simultaneously from a second position to their first position.
• immobilization bars are provided in orientation 22a to 22d ( figure 3 ) having fixed lengths.
• the immobilization bar 22a is more particularly visible on the figure 8 .
• This has an end 221a which can be selectively coupled either to the axle shaft 7a around which the wheel 6a rotates to immobilize the wheel 6a in orientation in the first position, or to the chassis 3, while its other end 222a is articulated on the chassis 3.
• the snow removal blades 4 and 5 are pivotally articulated on the chassis 3 and movable, by displacement means 23 (with hydraulic cylinders 24 and 25), around a fifth direction VII-VII substantially parallel to the first direction II, between a rest position ( figures 2 And 3 ) and a working position ( figures 5 And 6 ). In working position, the snow plough blades 4 and 5 are arranged on the side of the chassis 3 of the snow plough trailer 1.
• the snow removal trailer 1 comprises wheels 6a and 6d on the one hand and wheels 6b and 6c on the other hand, arranged on either side of the chassis 3 in a transverse chassis direction VIII-VIII (which is perpendicular to the first direction II and parallel to the plane defined by the first direction II and the axle axes 7a to 7d around which the wheels 6a to 6d rotate).
• the working edges (lower edges) of the snow plough blades 4 and 5 are located, according to the fourth direction IV-IV, substantially at the level of the contact zone of the wheels 6a to 6d with the roadway C. It can be seen on the figure 2 that in the rest position, the working edges (lower edges) of the snow blades 4 and 5 are located higher than the wheels 6a to 6d in the fourth direction. And we also see on the figure 3 that, in the rest position, the snow blades 4 and 5 are located, in the transverse direction of chassis VIII-VIII, at least partly above the wheels 6b and 6c arranged in the first position.
• the snow removal blades 4 and 5 are held at the end of arms 26, more particularly visible on the figure 6 .
• FIG 9 is a detail view showing one of these arms 26 pivotally articulated on the chassis 3 around an axial direction IX-IX.
• the snow plow 4 or 5 is in the rest position.
• the arm 26 must pivot around the axial direction IX-IX according to the movement illustrated by the arrow 27.
• the locking means 28 can selectively oppose such a movement and immobilize the snow plow 4 or 5 in the rest position.
• the locking means 28 comprise a hydraulic cylinder 29a or 29b whose rod 30 is in the projecting position on the figure 9 to lock the arm 26 (and therefore the snow blade 4 or 5) in the rest position.
• the rod 30 In order to allow movement of the snow removal blade 4 or 5 from its rest position to its working position, the rod 30 must be moved to the retracted position according to the movement illustrated by the arrow 31, so as to release the pivoting movement of the arm 26 around the axial direction IX-IX.
• the snow removal trailer 1 is provided with a tank 32 of a medium such as salt or sand.
• This salt and this sand are intended to be selectively spread on the roadway C using a projection device 33.
• the longitudinal position of the projection device 33 on the chassis 3 is adjustable in translation according to the first direction II (as illustrated by the double arrow 34).
• orientation means 7 and/or the pivoting means 10 comprise at least one hydraulic pump 35 carried by the chassis 3.
• FIG. 10 An example of a hydraulic diagram allowing the use of the snow removal trailer 1 is illustrated in the figure 10 .
• first double-acting hydraulic cylinder 11 and the second double-acting hydraulic cylinder 14 which are supplied simultaneously by a flow divider 36 supplied by a first hydraulic distributor 37 (of the solenoid valve type for example) receiving a pressurized fluid from a first fluid compressor 38.
• the flow divider 36 and the first hydraulic distributor 37 constitute synchronized control means for the orientation means 6 and the pivoting means 10.
• FIG. 10 On the diagram of the figure 10 , there is also a second fluid compressor 39, making it possible to transmit a pressurized fluid to a second hydraulic distributor 40 arranged in series with a third hydraulic distributor 41, and a fourth hydraulic distributor 42.
• the second hydraulic distributor 40 makes it possible to supply the double-acting hydraulic cylinders 29a and 29b of the locking means 28 of the snow plough blades 4 and 5.
• the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 29a makes it possible to immobilize the snow plough blade 4 in the rest position
• the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 29b makes it possible to immobilize the snow plough blade 5 in the rest position.
• the third hydraulic distributor 41 makes it possible to supply the hydraulic cylinders 24 and 25 whose rod output (to bring the snow clearing blades 4 and 5 into working position) is synchronized by a flow divider 44.
• the means 23 for moving the snow clearing blades 4 and 5 are thus supplied by the second fluid compressor 39.
• the chambers of the hydraulic cylinders 11, 14, 29a and 29b are supplied via hydraulically controlled non-return valve devices 43.
• first and second fluid compressors 38 and 39 are part of a single double hydraulic pump 35 comprising a single motor M.
• the safety means can be actuated by the user to simultaneously control the movement of the drawbar 8 to its transport position and the movement of the wheel axles 6a to 6d to their first position, as well as the movement of the snow blades 4 and 5 to their rest position.
• the safety means comprise a single control button 46 for simultaneously controlling the first and third hydraulic distributors 37 and 41 to move them to their position “B”. This causes the hydraulic cylinders 11, 14, 24 and 25 to be supplied so as to retract their rods.
• the fourth hydraulic distributor 42 allows the snow removal blades 4 and 5 to remain in contact with the road surface C by the sole effect of their own weight (so-called “floating” blades).
• the use of the snow removal trailer 1 will now be explained using the figures 1 And 4 .
• the snow removal trailer 1 is towed by the towing hitch vehicle 2 which is initially in the position illustrated in the figure 1 , with the drawbar 8 in the transport position and the wheel axles 6a to 6d in the first position.
• the orientation means 7 control the movement of the axles of the wheels 6a to 6d from their first position ( figure 1 ) to a second position ( figure 4 ).
• the snow removal blades 4 and 5 are released by the locking means 28, and the hydraulic cylinders 24 and 25 move them into the working position.
• the hydraulic pump 35 doubles with its first and second compressors 38 and 39 stops supplying the first and second hydraulic cylinders 11 and 14, the latter maintain the drawbar 8 and the chassis 3 in the snow-clearing position and the axles of the wheels 6a to 6d in the second position.
• the tractor vehicle 2 and the snow-clearing trailer 1 sweep an area of increased width L, making it possible to clear more than one traffic lane.
• the end 4a of the snow plough 4 does not come into contact with the towing vehicle 2 and deviates little laterally from the coupling of the vehicle 2, ensuring good coverage R of the areas swept by the snow plough blades 47 and 4.
• the end 4a can even be located behind the rear face of the vehicle 2, so that an even narrower blade 47 can be used.
• the first connection means 9 at the first end 8a of the drawbar 8 permanently ensure a freely pivoting connection to the coupling of the towing vehicle 2 around a third direction III-III.
• the first connection means 9 at the first end 8a of the drawbar 8 permanently ensure a freely pivoting connection to the coupling of the towing vehicle 2 around a third direction III-III.
• the increased width zone L makes it possible to satisfactorily clear the edge of the roadway C (and even beyond) without having to drive the tractor vehicle 2 in the immediate vicinity of the ditch. This limits accidents caused by the tractor vehicle 2 tipping over into the ditch bordering the roadway C.
• the longitudinal position of the projection device 33 is adjusted along the first direction I-I so that it remains close to the center of the roadway C, to distribute as evenly as possible the salt or sand from the tank 32 carried by the snow removal trailer 1.
• the orientation means 7 and the pivoting means 10 return the chassis 3 and the drawbar 8 to their transport position, as well as the axles of the wheels 6a to 6d to the first position.
• the movement means return the snow removal blades 4 and 5 from their working position to their rest position. Once the snow removal blades are in the rest position, the locking means 28 immobilize them in the rest position.
• the operator can immobilize the drawbar 8 on the chassis 3 in the transport position using the drawbar locking bar 13, and immobilize the wheel axles 6a to 6d in the first position using one or more immobilizing bars in orientation 22a to 22d.
• the trailer with articulated chassis 3 and drawbar 8 according to the invention can be provided, instead of a snow plough 4 or 5, with cleaning means (such as sweeping brushes for example, rotating or fixed, and/or means for projecting fluid(s)) for the roadway C.
• cleaning means such as sweeping brushes for example, rotating or fixed, and/or means for projecting fluid(s)
• the tractor vehicle 2 the snow plough 47 of which can be replaced by cleaning means.
• Independent patent protection may thus be sought for such a roadway cleaning trailer.
• Said cleaning trailer can then be moved between a transport position and a sweeping position.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Cleaning Of Streets, Tracks, Or Beaches (AREA)
• Handcart (AREA)

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Publications (3)

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• 2016
  • 2016-01-19 FR FR1650405A patent/FR3046803B1/fr active Active
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