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EP2136926A1 - Procede et dispositif de broyage cryogenque de produits en vrac - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de broyage cryogenque de produits en vrac

Info

Publication number
EP2136926A1
EP2136926A1 EP08717538A EP08717538A EP2136926A1 EP 2136926 A1 EP2136926 A1 EP 2136926A1 EP 08717538 A EP08717538 A EP 08717538A EP 08717538 A EP08717538 A EP 08717538A EP 2136926 A1 EP2136926 A1 EP 2136926A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bulk material
particles
embrittled
crushing
plant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08717538A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Igor Plahuta
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
New View SL
Original Assignee
New View SL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by New View SL filed Critical New View SL
Publication of EP2136926A1 publication Critical patent/EP2136926A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B29B17/0404—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to powder
    • B29B17/0408—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to powder using cryogenic systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
    • B02C23/20—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy after crushing or disintegrating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
    • B02C2201/04—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for used tyres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2030/00—Pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the cryogen crushing of bulk material, in particular of bulk material with soft or elastic under normal conditions material properties, such as rubber elastic Eigen- shanks, in which the bulk material is embrittled to then crush the bulk material particles in their embrittled state. Furthermore, the invention relates to a system for cryogen crushing of bulk material, in particular of bulk material with soft or elastic under normal conditions material properties, such as elastomeric properties, with a cooling section for embrittlement of the bulk material forming particles and with a cooling line downstream crushing device for comminuting the embrittled in the cooling section material.
  • material properties such as rubber elastic Eigen- shanks
  • the bulk material particles to be crushed pass through a cooling section in which they are cooled down to a temperature such that they are embrittled before their comminution.
  • liquid nitrogen is used for cooling, which in its evaporation extracts heat from the bulk particles to be cooled, causing it to be cooled.
  • a typical bulk material which is cryogenically comminuted are, for example, motor vehicle tire granules. In the embrittled state, such bulk material particles can readily be supplied to a crushing device, wherein crushing devices are usually mills or disintegrators, such as impact mills.
  • each particle fraction has a relatively homogeneous particle size distribution having.
  • Each particle fraction is assigned its own cooling section.
  • the cooling conditions ie the use of the coolant quantity and / or the residence time of the particles introduced into the cooling section, can be adapted to the mean particle size of a particle fraction in order to achieve through-and-through embrittlement of the particles with minimal refrigerant consumption to achieve a particle fraction.
  • An embrittlement of particle fractions with a larger grain size can therefore be carried out under different process parameters than an embrittlement of the particle fractions with a smaller grain size.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, an initially mentioned method and to provide a corresponding system in which a largely homogeneous embrittlement of the bulk material particles is possible without the bulk material flow must be fractionated in particle sizes.
  • This object is achieved by an aforementioned method in which the surface of the bulk material particles is increased before the step of embrittlement.
  • the system-related object is achieved by a plant of the aforementioned type, in which the system comprises a cooling line in the material flow direction upstream device for increasing the surface of the bulk material particles.
  • the surface of the bulk material particles is increased before the step of embrittlement.
  • the result of increasing the surface area of the individual bulk particles is that the coolant used, for example the liquid nitrogen, has a correspondingly larger surface area compared to those prior to the treatment of the surface enlargement attack the individual embrittled particles and thus can escape heat to be embrittled particles on the enlarged surface.
  • the enlargement of the surface thus has the consequence that a through-and-through embrittlement of the individual bulk material particles takes place rapidly.
  • the process of enlarging the surface of the individual bulk material particles also has the consequence that the individual particles are homogenized with regard to their material thickness.
  • the homogenization of the thickness of the particles in this context does not necessarily mean that they are flattened out, but this may well be the case. Rather, the increase in surface area is to be understood as meaning that when rubber-elastic granules, for example used tires, are used, the original thickness of the granules is reduced and the grains subsequently have a grated structure which may look bloated due to the material properties. Such a habit can also be addressed as a finely structured popcorn structure.
  • the particles then have numerous extensions and constrictions with the result that the material thickness and thus the necessary penetration depth of the refrigerant into the material for embrittlement of the total volume of the original particle is smaller.
  • the particle thickness distribution of the particles forming the bulk material flow is much narrower than before this process step. Due to the more or less homogeneous thickness distribution of the particles to be embrittled. This means that in order to achieve through-and-through embrittlement, the residence time for all particles of the bulk flow in the cooling section, even if they have a very different size before the surface enlargement step, is more or less the same.
  • this method or with such a system, with which this method is carried out bulk material particle flows are basically embrittled in a single cooling section and, despite varying particle size in the starting material, virtually simultaneously achieve a uniform degree of embrittlement.
  • the process of enlarging the surface also entails macroscopic, microscopic and / or molecular-level introduction into the particle - A -
  • embrittled bulk material particles Due to the presence of such predetermined breaking points comminution of the bulk material particles already takes place with a lower comminution energy.
  • this property of embrittled bulk material particles allows the bulk material particles to be comminuted to be comminuted by means of a rolling process. Forced comminution is assisted by the intermeshing of the embrittled particles due to their prescribed structure, which they receive through the surface enlargement process. In contrast to otherwise typically used disintegrators, which are operated at a high rotational speed, the rollers of such a comminution device rotate slowly, and thus also consume less energy.
  • the comminution by means of a crushing device designed as a roller can also be addressed as a forced comminution device, since each bulk material particle is conveyed through the nip.
  • the crushing result depends on the probability that a bulk material particle is caught by the percussion chain or hit by particles caught by the percussion chain in order to be crushed by itself.
  • the crushing result using a roller is more homogeneous, which affects the particle size distribution of the crushed bulk material particles.
  • a forced shredding device designed as a roller it can also be operated in such a manner that the brittle is supplied to the brittle bulk material particles in a grain-supported structure. The nip can then be greater than the thickness of the grains to be crushed.
  • the roll surfaces may have structures to promote introduction of the embrittled bulk material particle stream into the roll nip.
  • Fig. 1 a schematic representation in the manner of a block diagram of a cryogen crushing plant
  • FIG. 2a, 2b a schematic representation of individual particles supplied to the system (FIG. 2a) and the bulk material stream supplied to the system of FIG. 1 after an increase in surface area of the bulk material particles (FIG. 2b).
  • a cryogenic crushing plant 1 is used for crushing bulk material, which has soft or rubber-elastic properties under ambient conditions (normal conditions).
  • the plant 1 is thus suitable for crushing the scrap tire granules or the like.
  • the plant 1 is fed in a manner not shown a bulk material flow, for example by means of a conveyor belt or other conveyor.
  • the cryogenic crushing plant 1 comprises a disk mill 2, which is supplied with the bulk material to be comminuted, as indicated by the block arrow.
  • the disc mill 2 is designed so that the supplied bulk material particles in the disc mill 2 are not necessarily physically crushed, but increased in surface area. This is done by grinding the supplied particles.
  • the rubber-elastic granulate particles are rubbed in the same way as an eraser during the process of erasing, resulting in a finely structured popcorn-like structure.
  • This is associated with a significant increase in surface area of the same.
  • the surface enlargement is associated with a reduction in the actual material thickness in the individual sections of the surface-enlarged particle.
  • the self-adjusting material thickness of the particles is predetermined by the gap of the disks 3, 4 of the disk mill 2 working against each other.
  • the disks 3, 4 each sit in opposite directions, as shown by the arrows, rotatingly driven shafts. On each shaft sitting in a parallel arrangement to each other several discs, so that the discs 3, 4 of the two waves mesh like a comb.
  • Such a disk mill is described for example in DE 202 01 979 U1.
  • the discs 4 of the disk mill 2 are provided with a wave contour, so that in this way, at the against each other work of the two discs 3, 4, the gap between the discs 3, 4 oscillated between a minimum width and a maximum width.
  • the disclosure of DE 202 01 979 U1 is hereby made by express reference to the disclosure of this description.
  • the processed by the disc mill 2 bulk material particles then have a, compared to the thickness distribution of the input side, the disk mill 2 acting on bulk material, relatively homogeneous distribution.
  • the material emerging from the disk mill 2 is fed via a collecting funnel 5 to a conveying device 6.
  • FIG. 2 a shows by way of example a schematic representation of the habit of granulate particles fed by the disc mill 2. These are characterized by a square compact habit.
  • FIG. 2b shows, in a schematic representation, bulk particles P emerging from the disc mill 2. The particles P are shown in a plan view. The plane recognizable in FIG. 2 is that plane in which the grains originally supplied as granulate particles have been deformed as they pass through the disk mill 2. The finely structured popcorn structure described above can be recognized by the numerous bulges and constrictions in FIG. 2b.
  • the particles P processed with the disk mill 2 have a very fissured surface, and therefore also for this reason the surface is considerably enlarged in comparison with the supplied granulate particles (see FIG. In the machined with the disc mill 2 rubber particles due to the ragged surface sometimes holes are incorporated, so that the total number of particles P numerous weaknesses that are addressed in connection with these embodiments as predetermined breaking points have. Some of these predetermined breaking points are identified by the reference symbol S in FIG. 2b.
  • a disc mill is suitable, as described in DE 202 01 979 U1, since, due to the intermittent gap, a particularly effective squeezing and elongation of the supplied rubber granule particles takes place.
  • the particles P are fed to the conveyor 6, with which they are transported through a cooling tunnel 7.
  • the cooling tunnel 7 is used to embrittle the particles P. In the illustrated embodiment, it is provided to embrittle the particles P through and through.
  • the cold tunnel is charged in a manner not shown with a refrigerant, for example liquid nitrogen, as shown diagrammatically by the "refrigerant" designation in Figure 1.
  • the homogeneous thickness distribution supplied to the cooling tunnel 7 Bulk material particles ensure that the bulk material particles guided through the cooling tunnel 7 have a quasi-same degree of embrittlement at the outlet of the same
  • the degree of embrittlement can be through-and-through embrittlement It may also be desired that only a marginal embrittlement
  • the embrittled particles P are then fed to their comminution at the exit of the cooling tunnel 7.
  • the crushing device 8 is a forced comminutor which, in the illustrated embodiment, is designed as a roller mill has two mutually driven rollers 9, 10. The nip 11 between the two rollers 9, 10 is greater than the size of the embrittled particles P.
  • the embrittled particles P are fed to the crushing device 8 in a grain-supported structure 12.
  • the individual particles P are based on one another during their feeding into the nip 11. If these are introduced into the nip 11, the particles P break due to the grain-supported structure with each other, in particular at the predetermined breaking points S and introduced at the molecular level weak points. From the nip 11 emerges underside of the crushed material and is collected in a container 13. Instead of the container 13, a conveyor belt or the like can be arranged at the output of the breaking device 8 be.
  • the embrittled particles P are first brought from the conveyor 6 to a further conveyor 14 which is driven at a much slower conveying speed than the conveyor 6. From the conveyor 14 reach the embrittled Particles P in a feed hopper 15 from which these underside then emerge in the desired grain-protected dressing.
  • the conveyor 14 is also located in the cold tunnel 7, so that the out-conveyed from the cold tunnel 7 particles P can keep their cold possible long.
  • the embrittled grains which in this state are better sieved than under normal conditions, are divided in terms of their grain size into two fractions.
  • the screened over the sieve size particles P are fed via the return line 16 again the disc mill 2. This does not take place for the reason that the particles of this size could not be crushed by the crushing device 8, but to add cold grains to the supplied bulk material flow in order to cool the disc mill 2 with this.
  • the larger grain fraction is used because they can transport more cold via the return line 16 due to their size.
  • the disk mill 2 or its disks 3, 4 cooled instead of providing a fractionating device at the exit of the cooling tunnel 7, a particle flow division can likewise take place here, so that part of the embrittled material flow is added to the disk mill 2 for cooling the same.
  • the reference numeral 17 shows an oversize-recirculation via which a correspondingly fractionated oversize grain is conveyed from the outlet of the
  • Disc mill 2 is returned to the entrance.
  • the fractionating direction is not shown in Figure 1.
  • the system 1 can have a further return line 18, via which a grain fraction can be returned, up to the entrance of the disc mill 2.
  • the return line 18 has a return line branch 19, via which a return to the entrance of the cooling tunnel 7 takes place.
  • the return line 18 or 19 is used if a further homogenization of the grain spectrum at the output of the crushing device 8 is to be brought about and the already relatively homogeneous particle size distribution at the output of the crushing device 8 is to be further narrowed.
  • cryogenic crushing plant described and with the described method can be in a particularly effective manner with low energy and refrigerant use such granules mince into small particle sizes that can not be crushed under ambient conditions, at least not in the desired particle size. It is noteworthy in this apparatus and in this method, the relatively narrow particle size distribution of emerging from the crushing device 8 and collected in the container 13 material.
  • the material can be fractionated again at the exit of the crushing device 8 in order to obtain particle fractions with even narrower grain distribution spectra.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de broyage cryogénique de produits en vrac, en particulier de produits en vrac formés de matériaux présentant, dans les conditions normales, des propriétés de souplesse et d'élasticité, notamment d'une élasticité sensiblement analogue au caoutchouc, procédé dans lequel le produit en vrac est fragilisé, afin que les particules de produit soient broyées par la suite à l'état fragilisé. Avant l'étape de fragilisation, la surface des particules de produit est agrandie. L'invention concerne en outre une installation (1) de broyage cryogénique de produits en vrac, en particulier de produits en vrac formés de matériaux présentant, dans les conditions normales, des propriétés de souplesse ou d'élasticité, notamment d'une élasticité analogue au caoutchouc. Cette installation comprend un parcours de réfrigération (7) pour la fragilisation des particules de produits en vrac, un dispositif de broyage (8), intercalé à la suite dudit parcours de réfrigération, destiné au broyage du matériau fragilisé dans le parcours de réfrigération. L'installation (1) comprend un système (2) d'accroissement de la surface des particules de produit en vrac, intercalé à la suite du parcours de réfrigération (7), dans le sens de progression du matériau.
EP08717538A 2007-03-09 2008-03-07 Procede et dispositif de broyage cryogenque de produits en vrac Withdrawn EP2136926A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200710011970 DE102007011970A1 (de) 2007-03-09 2007-03-09 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kryogenzerkleinern von Schüttgut
PCT/EP2008/052791 WO2008110517A1 (fr) 2007-03-09 2008-03-07 Procédé et dispositif de broyage cryogénque de produits en vrac

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2136926A1 true EP2136926A1 (fr) 2009-12-30

Family

ID=39521643

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08717538A Withdrawn EP2136926A1 (fr) 2007-03-09 2008-03-07 Procede et dispositif de broyage cryogenque de produits en vrac

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2136926A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007011970A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008110517A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107309035A (zh) * 2017-07-04 2017-11-03 芜湖市亿仑电子有限公司 一种电容器用薄膜撕碎分选回收装置
FR3072307B1 (fr) 2017-10-12 2019-11-15 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Dispositif et procede de broyage cryogenique a jets confluents
FR3072308B1 (fr) 2017-10-12 2019-11-15 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Dispositif et procede de broyage cryogenique avec media de broyage sous forme de gaz cryogenique solidifie
CN108435380B (zh) * 2018-04-01 2020-05-19 开平市永兴五金橡塑制品有限公司 一种针对橡胶制品的超声压力破碎机
CN116159656B (zh) * 2023-04-24 2023-07-04 恒达亲水胶体泰州有限公司 一种高分子材料粉碎装置及粉碎方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9221335D0 (en) * 1992-10-06 1992-11-25 S O T A Environmental Research Cryogenic processing of used tires and the like
US5524838A (en) * 1994-10-07 1996-06-11 Ellers; H. John Method and apparatus for processing tires to reclaim rubber, metal, and fabric
FR2804061A1 (fr) * 2000-01-25 2001-07-27 Dimitri Papachristou Installation et procede pour reduire les pneumatiques usages en poudre ou granules
DE20201979U1 (de) 2002-02-09 2002-06-13 Becker, Udo, 58706 Menden Zerkleinerer
DE10352300A1 (de) 2003-11-08 2005-06-09 Igor Plahuta Verfahren zum Kryogenzerkleinern eines Schüttgutes sowie Anlage zum Kryogenzerkleinern eines Schüttgutes

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2008110517A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008110517A1 (fr) 2008-09-18
DE102007011970A1 (de) 2008-09-11

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