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EP1311444A2 - Procede et dispositif pour faire fonctionner un vehicule de collecte des ordures, et vehicule correspondant pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour faire fonctionner un vehicule de collecte des ordures, et vehicule correspondant pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede

Info

Publication number
EP1311444A2
EP1311444A2 EP00960359A EP00960359A EP1311444A2 EP 1311444 A2 EP1311444 A2 EP 1311444A2 EP 00960359 A EP00960359 A EP 00960359A EP 00960359 A EP00960359 A EP 00960359A EP 1311444 A2 EP1311444 A2 EP 1311444A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
pendulum
trough
wall
transport plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00960359A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Roland Rothkegel
Horst Kuschke
Bernd Winkler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hsw Spezialfahrzeug- und Geraetebau & Co GmbH
Original Assignee
Kroll Spezialfahrzeuge GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE29915083U external-priority patent/DE29915083U1/de
Application filed by Kroll Spezialfahrzeuge GmbH filed Critical Kroll Spezialfahrzeuge GmbH
Publication of EP1311444A2 publication Critical patent/EP1311444A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65FGATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/24Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for unloading the tank of a refuse vehicle
    • B65F3/26Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for unloading the tank of a refuse vehicle by tipping the tank
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65FGATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/14Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle
    • B65F3/143Means facilitating the separation of the charging, distributing or compressing devices from the tank of refuse vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65FGATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/14Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle
    • B65F3/20Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle with charging pistons, plates, or the like
    • B65F3/205Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle with charging pistons, plates, or the like with two or more movable and co-operating plates or the like for charging refuse from the loading hopper to the interior of a refuse vehicle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65FGATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F3/14Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle
    • B65F3/20Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle with charging pistons, plates, or the like
    • B65F3/208Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle with charging pistons, plates, or the like the charging pistons, plates or the like oscillating about a horizontal axis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65FGATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F3/00Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
    • B65F2003/006Constructional features relating to the tank of the refuse vehicle
    • B65F2003/008Constructional features relating to the tank of the refuse vehicle interchangeable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a refuse collection vehicle and a refuse collection vehicle designed to carry out the method with a filling container arranged at its rear and having a pouring opening on its rear side.
  • DE CI 43 01 566 shows a refuse collection vehicle and a method for powerfully closing an interchangeable collection container on a refuse vehicle.
  • a method for powerfully closing a pivotable tailgate of the swap body is specified.
  • the collecting container has a hydraulic plate mechanism, which is brought into operative connection with the filling container for filling and compacting the waste with the collecting container.
  • the plate mechanism is connected to the rear plate, whereby the movement of the plate mechanism is converted into a pivoting movement of the tailgate with the aim of not using the flap itself for actually pressing the garbage, but only the springback of the compressed garbage that occurs when the flap is closed to overcome.
  • DE CI 42 37 407 presents a refuse collection vehicle with a chassis and a collection container arranged thereon, which has a filling container articulated transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and which is removable if the collection container is to be pivoted away from the vehicle.
  • EP AI 763 488 claims the design of a refuse collection vehicle with a collection container and a tamping device for transporting the refuse from a loading tub into the collection container, the tamping plate being detachable from the tamping device and being lockable in the opening of the collection device.
  • a pivotable adapter is arranged on the collecting container, with which the tamping device or the tamping plate can be detachably connected.
  • the US PS 2,879,906 presents the technical concept of a feed and tamping device for a collection container of a refuse collection vehicle.
  • a feed and tamping device for a collection container of a refuse collection vehicle.
  • one upstream of the collecting container on the rear rotates in the trough Filling container a transport plate, which moves the garbage in a rotational movement out of the trough in front of the collecting container, which is then pushed into the collecting container by a device which sweeps over the top of the transport plate.
  • DE AS 1 165 492 known as a late application, basically reveals the same solution.
  • US Pat. No. 2,914,205 characterizes a solution in which a pick-up device, a shaft directed transversely to the longitudinal center axis of the vehicle, is assigned centrally in a depression.
  • the filling device slides over the curve of a uniformly curved, segment-like trough of a filling container and thereby transports the waste into the collecting container.
  • the filling device is mounted on an axis and is moved by a lever that slides in a guide link of the filling device and swings the garbage in front of the collecting container.
  • the technical solution of the document discloses that the collecting container can be moved in a reciprocating pivoting movement about its transverse axis about an axis arranged at the rear opening of the collecting container, the rear opening of the collecting container being released by swiveling the collecting container upward and the garbage from the Can slide container.
  • the object is achieved in that a refuse collection vehicle with a filling container arranged at the rear, which has a pouring opening on the rear, and with the other side opens against a swap body, the rear of which carries a pendulum wall in the opening area, which is attached to a Axis moves, out of the swap body and swinging into the filling container.
  • a concavely rounded trough which extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and over which a horizontally rotating transport plate is mounted with its outer edge slidingly following the inner contour of the cross section of the trough and the transport plate located in a rotating bearing horizontally back and forth between the trough edges.
  • the invention is designed in such a way that the distance between the upper edges of the trough is smaller than twice the dimension of the transport plate, which is designed with its radial extension b from the axis of rotation to the outer edge of the transport plate, which slides over the inner surface of the trough.
  • the solution according to the invention obtains an advantageous embodiment in that the mounting of the transport plate runs horizontally in a straight line between the upper trough edges, while the rotational movement of the transport plate can be moved back and forth.
  • An advantageous embodiment is characterized in that the mounting of the transport plate runs approximately horizontally, in a curve between the upper trough edges, while the rotary movement of the transport plate is moved back and forth.
  • the solution according to the invention is to be equipped with a filling container arranged at the rear, which has a pouring opening on its rear-facing rear side, the side of which is open in the direction of travel of the vehicle is equipped with a container placed on the chassis, which is designed as a collecting swap container the filling container is in active contact.
  • the swap body has a moveable rear wall, designed as a pendulum wall, which is mounted in a bearing in front of the upper horizontal rear edge of the container and the bearing for the pendulum wall from the inside Opening of the back of the swap body and into it is formed.
  • a pair of pendulum arms projecting vertically downwards is arranged in front of the connection opening of the filling container with the collecting swap body, which carries a transport plate rotating between them over a horizontal axis, the pivot point of which in the horizontal direction extends over the entire Extending the width of the trough arranged on the underside of the filling container is provided, which is congruent in its transverse extension to the width of the opening of the collecting swap body, the pendulum arms of the pair of pendulum arms oscillating the axis of the transport plate over the opening of the transport plate and in their distance between them Fill in at least the opening width of the swap body and ensure that the pendulum wall swings between the pendulum arms.
  • the pendulum arms are set in a coordinated alternating movement via the bearing and the pendulum wall.
  • the pendulum wall is connected to a piston-cylinder unit which is held in the filling container via the bearing and which has an articulation point on an outer part opposite the pendulum wall for releasable connection to the articulation point of the pendulum wall.
  • the pendulum wall is driven into a guided pendulum movement via its pendulum axis.
  • the transport plate is held with its outer edge over the bearing of the pendulum arms during the rotational movement in a continuously sliding contact with the inside of the trough, the bearing with the pendulum arms between the outer edges of the trough back and forth during the rotational movement of the transport plate herpendelt. It is a preferred design if the trough is curved uniformly in its cross section, and in an advantageous variation of the invention, the trough is curved non-uniformly in its cross section.
  • the interchangeable collection container has a rear wall which corresponds to the internal dimensions of the container in its extent transverse to the longitudinal center axis, the interchangeable collection container having devices which make it possible to place it horizontally and vertically on the chassis of the refuse collection vehicle and furthermore has slings which Emptying the container in an inclined position inclined over its transverse axis, guaranteed with a crane game.
  • the invention is also embodied when the container has slinging means which make its emptying feasible with an inclination to the rear via its transverse axis in connection with the chassis.
  • a further development of the invention is that a method can be carried out with the refuse collection vehicle, according to which a swap body placed on the vehicle has a movable wall, which is arranged as a rear wall and is oscillatingly moved in a filling container arranged thereafter.
  • the pendulum wall has its greatest range of motion when it reaches behind a horizontally rotating, movably positioned transport wall in the filling container.
  • the transport wall has a horizontal position in which it rotates the waste from a trough of the filling container, moves its storage in a horizontal direction in front of a position away from the collection container and from the wall with a pendulum movement directed into the collection swap container Transport of the waste is slid into the container.
  • the method is advantageously designed if a collection swap body is arranged upstream of a filling container, via which the refuse is introduced and compacted from a waste container into the swap body, the waste dumped into the swap body by a transport plate in front of the undulating rear wall of the The swap body is lifted and the swiveling rear wall is moved behind the transport plate, which swings on pendulum arms, with which the dipped, rotating in accordance with its inner contour, the waste in front of the opened collection Swap body lifted and with the pendulum wall moving back and forth in the direction of the collection swap body, between the pendulum arms, sweeping over the transport plate, the gripped waste is moved into the collection swap body, and the pendulum arms are moved into the starting position necessary for filling the trough and after their start with the pendulum wall, the inward movement of the waste into the swap body is continued until it is compacted.
  • the invention is completed in that the pendulum wall is moved into its outermost pivot position from the collection container when the waste moved by the transport plate has not yet reached the upper edge of the trough in the region of the collection swap body.
  • the inward movement of the pendulum wall against and into the swap body begins when the transport plate has reached an approximately level with the bottom of the swap body.
  • the method is continued according to the invention when the pendulum wall is pressed into the interior of the Sarnmel swap body and the garbage pushed off from the transport plate is continuously pressed into the interior.
  • An embodiment of the invention can be seen in the fact that the waste container is raised in front of the pouring opening when the pendulum wall is brought into a vertical position closing the collection swap body, moves into the swap body and the pendulum arms with the rotating in their starting position Transport plate can be placed in a vertical position.
  • the invention is further shaped when the swap body is separated from or connected to the vehicle from both sides of the refuse collection vehicle transversely to its longitudinal center axis.
  • a further development of the solution according to the invention can be seen in that the collecting swap body is separated from or connected to the vehicle in the vertical direction.
  • the swap body can be emptied into an inclined position with its pendulum wall swinging downwards over its transverse axis.
  • An embodiment of the invention can be seen in the fact that the waste is moved further into the container by means of a tangential movement of the pendulum wall into the collecting swap body, raised via its vertical vector.
  • Shaping the invention the working movements run independently of the supply of a waste container, whereby according to another form of the invention the working movements of the device are continued depending on the presence of a waste container before the pouring opening of the filler container.
  • the solution according to the invention shows very great advantages for the operation of refuse collection vehicles.
  • the narrow design of the trough of the filling container ensures that the refuse collection vehicle is shortened considerably and the rear axles of the vehicle are relieved, because the waste in the collection container is moved into a balanced position between the front and rear axles.
  • a particular advantage of the solution according to the invention can also be seen in the fact that a rear part that is shortened in length ensures a significantly greater operational safety of the vehicle when maneuvering in difficult traffic situations, because a large projection to the rear results in an uncontrolled, difficult to control swiveling out of the rear part of the vehicle Has.
  • This advantage is achieved in that the trough can be held in its extent between the trough edges approximately corresponding to the radial extent of the transport plate.
  • the axis of rotation of the transport plate is set in a horizontally sliding movement over the trough.
  • This horizontal movement which can of course be concave or convex, curved, allows a continuous rotation movement to be carried out in a narrow space.
  • the person skilled in the art understands that with a horizontal straight movement of the axis of the transport plate, the trough at its lowest point or at the point at which the transport plate has reached its rotary movement and has the smallest radial extent of its horizontal movement, the trough has an irregular bend must have their cross-section.
  • the invention is therefore advantageously designed when the trough has a hyperbolic shape, the sole region of which corresponds to the radial extent of the transport plate.
  • the back and forth movement of the transport plate can be coordinated with the rotating movement in such a way that the horizontal back and forth movement has a convex course and the highest point of the convexity of the curve is the radial extension into the Fills in the hollow.
  • the basic idea of the invention is solved in that the transport plate rotates over the trough, pivoted back and forth between the edges thereof.
  • the pivoting movement, if the axis of rotation of the transport plate does not move in a sliding link between the trough edges, is advantageously carried out in the sense of the invention on pendulum arms which necessitate a concave, curved course of the pendulum arms.
  • the radial extent of the transport plate can thus be set in relation to the pendulum movement in such a way that in a pendulum position, in the middle above the trough, the transport plate is exactly vertical in its radial direction.
  • the back and forth movement of the transport plate can advantageously by a
  • the guide slots can be concave or convex; , the guide slots can have shoulders and projections, slide into the slide slots and move the transport plate in a guided manner;
  • Fig. 2 The interaction of the body parts of the refuse collection vehicle in an exploded view
  • FIG. 5 The beginning of the conveying process through the transport plate;
  • Fig. 6 The sequence of movements of the pendulum arms with pivoting transport plate;
  • Fig. 7 A rotating thrust position of the transport plate with an opening pendulum wall;
  • Fig. 8 The transport plate before a transfer position with the pendulum wall moved between the pendulum arms;
  • Fig. 9 The transport plate in a transfer position with a swinging pendulum wall;
  • 10 The pendulum wall in an intermediate position with the transport plate moved into an initial position;
  • 11 A refuse collection vehicle according to the known prior art with the filling volume shown;
  • Fig. 12 The waste collection vehicle according to the solution according to the invention with the waste volume shown.
  • 2a shows an embodiment of the solution according to the invention, according to which the transport plate 12 slides in a guide 24 with its bearing 11, which spans the trough 3 'in the region of its trough edges 21; 21'.
  • the transport plate 12 is moved back and forth predominantly horizontally in the guide 24, its back and forth movement being carried out with the rotational movement in the direction of the directional arrow 15, coordinated in its movement sequences.
  • the horizontal movement of the bearing 11 of the transport plate 12 can also be carried out in a concave or convex manner.
  • Known push-pull devices can be used for the back and forth movement.
  • 2b presents a solution according to which the pendulum arms 9 'are mounted in pairs on the sides below the trough 3' in bearings 23 and extend upwards against the trough opening.
  • the pendulum arms 9 'swing back and forth between the trough edges 21; 21' and thereby describe an arcuate line with a convex line formed in the filling container 3.
  • the storage 11 of the transport plate 12 can be carried out in a guide 24 which follows the shape of the movement line of the pendulum arms 9.
  • this embodiment has the advantage that the pendulum arms are relatively short, the pendulum line of the bearings 11 between the trough edges 21; 21 'has a shape which allows the transport plate 12 to be moved between the pendulum arm 9 and 9 without complex movement mimics To obtain the outer edge of the radial extension b of the transport plate 12.
  • Fig. 3 shows the filling container 3 with its essential functional parts. To concentrate on the illustration, no filling container 0 is shown in front of the pour opening 13. On the upper side of the filling container 3, connected to the bearing 8 ', a piston-cylinder unit 8 is provided, the linkage 16 of which is directed away from the filling opening 13. Furthermore, a pair of pendulum arms 9 is fastened via a bearing 10 to the top of the filling container 3, the arms of which are directed against the opening of a trough 3 ′ formed on the underside of the filling container 3. The trough 3 'runs between the lower edge of the pouring opening 13 uniformly curved into the area of the bottom of the collecting swap body 2.
  • the transport plate 12 has continued in its rotational movement and the pendulum wall 6 has swung out of the swap body 2 in the direction of arrow 15.
  • the pendulum wall 6 has a parallel alignment with the pendulum arm 9, from which it moves in accordance with FIG. 8 in the progress of movement between the pendulum arms, projecting beyond the axis 11, reaches its largest pendulum position and opens the swap body 2 completely.
  • the pendulum wall 6 swings back and at the same time the transport plate 12 with the waste 18 on it rotates in front of the opening of the collecting swap body 2, between the back of the swung out pendulum wall 6, and the free opening underneath it of the swap body 2 the pendulum wall 6, still in the direction of arrow 15, the transport plate 12 directed against the open back of the container 2 and conveys the waste 18 into the container 2.
  • the pendulum wall 6 moves, sweeping over the rear inner surfaces of the opening of the collecting swap body 2 , and arrives in the progress of movement in the container 2 in a vertical position.
  • the advantageous design of the swap body 2 and the compressed shape of the filling container 3 shorten the size of the overhang behind the axles of the refuse collection vehicle 1.
  • the accumulation of waste 18 achievable by the invention in the front area of the swap body 2 represents the proportionality of the loads on the Vehicle between its axes and avoids the accumulation of waste 18 in the rear area, as can be seen from the illustration in FIG. 11.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuse-Collection Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un véhicule de collecte des ordures ainsi qu'un véhicule de collecte des ordures conçu pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé, lequel comporte un conteneur de remplissage qui est placé sur sa partie arrière et présente, sur sa face arrière, une ouverture de déversement. L'objectif de l'invention est de créer un véhicule de collecte des ordures de ce type et un procédé permettant de le faire fonctionner, véhicule avec lequel il soit possible de procéder à un transfert des ordures d'un conteneur de remplissage à un conteneur de collecte ainsi qu'à la compression simultanée de ces ordures dans ledit conteneur de collecte, et également à un vidage du conteneur de collecte qui soit à la fois dépendant et indépendant du lieu et avantageux sur le plan logistique. Cet objectif est atteint grâce aux caractéristiques selon l'invention exposées aux revendications 1 et 14.
EP00960359A 1999-08-20 2000-08-19 Procede et dispositif pour faire fonctionner un vehicule de collecte des ordures, et vehicule correspondant pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede Withdrawn EP1311444A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19940947 1999-08-20
DE19940947 1999-08-20
DE29915083U DE29915083U1 (de) 1999-08-20 1999-08-20 Abfallsammelfahrzeug
DE29915083U 1999-08-20
PCT/DE2000/002876 WO2001014224A2 (fr) 1999-08-20 2000-08-19 Procede et dispositif pour faire fonctionner un vehicule de collecte des ordures, et vehicule correspondant pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1311444A2 true EP1311444A2 (fr) 2003-05-21

Family

ID=26054750

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00960359A Withdrawn EP1311444A2 (fr) 1999-08-20 2000-08-19 Procede et dispositif pour faire fonctionner un vehicule de collecte des ordures, et vehicule correspondant pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1311444A2 (fr)
DE (2) DE10042800A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001014224A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2075256A2 (fr) 2002-01-14 2009-07-01 William Herman Ligands ciblés
EP2085331A1 (fr) * 2008-02-04 2009-08-05 HN Schörling GmbH Véhicule pour déchets avec au moins un récipient collecteur et un dispositif de chargement
FR2961197B1 (fr) * 2010-06-10 2013-07-12 Microvoirie Dispositif de compactage et vehicule muni d'un tel dispositif de compactage
CN103264860B (zh) * 2013-05-20 2015-08-19 中国重汽集团成都王牌商用车有限公司 微卡自卸垃圾车的电磁取力系统及其取力方法
CN105398722A (zh) * 2015-12-11 2016-03-16 苏州市启扬商贸有限公司 封闭推板推移挤压式电动环卫三轮车
CN112070254B (zh) * 2020-09-04 2024-07-12 广东弓叶科技有限公司 一种智能垃圾车多投放区域可用时间精准获取方法及装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2879906A (en) 1957-01-22 1959-03-31 Gar Wood Ind Inc Refuse loader
US2914205A (en) 1957-10-07 1959-11-24 Edward J Trubinski Compartmented dump truck
BE713767A (fr) * 1968-04-17 1968-09-16
DE2518834A1 (de) * 1974-05-10 1975-11-20 Giuseppe Lazzarone Beladeeinrichtung fuer muellabfuhrfahrzeuge
FR2636318A1 (fr) 1988-09-09 1990-03-16 Gruelles Maurice Dispositif collecteur-compacteur a ordures pour l'equipement d'un vehicule ou remorque
DE4237407C1 (de) * 1992-11-05 1994-04-28 Nkf Leichtmetallbau Müllsammelfahrzeug
DE4301566C1 (de) 1993-01-21 1994-04-28 Nkf Leichtmetallbau Müllsammelfahrzeug und Verfahren zum kraftvollen Verschließen eines Wechsel-Sammelbehälters auf einem Müllsammelfahrzeug
ATE197441T1 (de) 1995-09-15 2000-11-11 Moser Tech Und Service Gmbh Müllsammelfahrzeug
DE29915083U1 (de) * 1999-08-20 2000-04-13 Kroll Spezialfahrzeuge GmbH, 12489 Berlin Abfallsammelfahrzeug

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO0114224A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001014224A2 (fr) 2001-03-01
DE20015038U1 (de) 2001-06-28
WO2001014224A3 (fr) 2001-08-02
DE10042800A1 (de) 2001-05-10
WO2001014224A9 (fr) 2002-09-06

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