EP0991840B1 - Door actuating system - Google Patents

Abstract

A door actuating system for the leaf of a fire door includes a safety fuse that detaches the fixture between the housing of the door actuating system and an arm on the door or the door frame, which then falls on the floor and are no longer in contact with the hot surface of the door. Plastic screws and plastic bushings accomodating metals screws or assembly plates made of plastic or similar materials can be used as the safety fuse.

Description

The invention relates to a door drive with the features of the preamble of Claim 1.

Also known are door drives with closing spring as energy storage and hydraulically damped closing movement, in which the closing spring with a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit cooperates. The piston-cylinder unit and the shutter spring are arranged in a housing and act via a rack and a pinion or via a cam gear with a rotatably mounted in the housing closer shaft, which is connected directly or via a force-transmitting linkage with the door. When manually opening the wing, the energy storage is charged and subsequently discharged again when closing the door automatically. At everyone Opening and closing movement of the door is controlled by the operation of the piston Hydraulic medium exchanged between the two piston working spaces. One Such constructed manual door closer is for example from DE 36 38 353 A1 known.

Furthermore, electro-hydraulic door drives are known, similar to the just described door closers are constructed, but in addition a have electric hydraulic pump for motor opening, such. in the DE 40 02 747 A1 describes.

As a force-transmitting linkage are constructed in practice in such Actuators scissors linkage or Gleitarmgestänge used. There is Versions mounted on the door leaf or on the frame become.

The use of such known hydraulic door drives to fire and Fire doors is not because of the flammability of the hydraulic medium unproblematic. So far it must be ensured that one on the drift-mounted side of a door-mounted drive even when through a Fire caused strong heat generation is not leaking. escaping Hydraulic oil would ignite directly on a hot door and a favor further spread of the fire. Due to the high Requirements for the tightness is the production of the door drives relatively consuming. In addition, the use of low-melting so far prohibits Materials such as e.g. Plastic for the door closer housing.

In DE 195 15 169 A1, which is used to delineate the invention has been proposed, fusible fasteners in the form of Plastic melt screws for mounting door closers on in case of fire away from the fire side of fire doors to use to achieve that in case of fire, the attachment member melts and the Door closer drops off the door. This means that the door closer is so from the door drops even before a warming of the door closer housing at the Fire is done hot door. If the door closer stays on the hot door, This could lead to the door closer housing attached to the door would burst, causing the located in the door closer housing oil expires and become inflamed.

The object of the invention is to develop a door drive, the Fire doors can be used and heat generated by Fire releases early from the door.

The object is achieved by the subject of the Claim 1.

By loosening the attachment prevents the door closer, or a In the door closer flammable medium, located at the hot door ignited on the fire-side of the door. Flammable media can z. B. in transmissions, clutches, damping devices.

This inflammable medium may be a hydraulic oil hydraulic damping device, a hydraulic transmission or a Hydraulic coupling act as well as other flammable media, the Use in such facilities are suitable.

The use of the highly thermally conductive attachment member ensures that the fuse in case of fire with appropriate heat development melts and that the drive housing from the door or the Door frame can solve automatically, e.g. drops. Preferably, plastic is used for Execution of the fuse used. It can, however low melting point metal are used, e.g. with melting temperature less than 300 ° C.

The attachment member, which is made of highly thermally conductive and not or only at high temperature greater than 300 ° C, in particular greater than 500 ° C melting Material is formed of metal, especially copper or steel be educated.

The high heat conduction of the attachment member ensures that in case of fire the heat transfer from the hot door to the fuse is high, i. much Heat is quickly transported to the fuse quickly and safely melt.

At room temperature, the fuse secures a frictional connection between the drive housing and the door leaf, or the door frame. At temperatures above 300 ° C, the plastic begins to melt. This also dissolves the attachment of the drive housing. The desired Melting temperature can be determined by selecting the appropriate plastic or by appropriate variation of its composition.

It is particularly advantageous in this context when the drive housing and / or a mounting plate of the drive housing made of weak heat-conducting Material is formed, e.g. made of plastic, asbestos or substitutes, ceramics, Glass or composites of these materials to ensure that the Drive housing located medium, e.g. Oil, in case of fire little and slow is heated. This is a heating of the oil and bursting of the drive housing at least delayed, preferably prevented, as long as the drive housing is mounted on the fire in the hot door.

Also, the fastening device of the sliding or pivot bearing, in which the power transmitting linkage is supported on the door frame or door leaf, should be solved advantageously in a fire. This is done e.g. by automatic Unhook the connection to the drive housing as soon as the drive housing detached from the door or door frame or preferably by its own Fuse of the sliding or pivot bearing. Drive housing and linkage fall in the event of fire together and early on the ground before it warms up of the door closer or door closer housing and of the oil. Without the direct contact with the hot door surface is no longer a danger that Hydraulic oil ignites.

A first condition for carrying out the invention is that attachment member, with which the drive housing and the sliding or pivot bearing is mounted on the door leaf, or the door frame, is made of metal.

According to a first aspect of the invention, the fuse comprises sleeves Plastic, which in mounting holes of the drive housing or the Rotary or sliding bearing are added.

The outer diameter of the sleeves is larger than the diameter of the screw head the respective fastening screw, so that the holes in the drive housing or pass the screw heads in the rotary or slide bearing, as soon as the pods melt in case of fire.

According to a further aspect of the invention, drive housing or rotary or Sliding bearing on mounting plates made of highly heat-insulating and / or low-melting Material, e.g. Plastic attached. The mounting plates are in turn attached to the door, or door frame. The high thermally conductive material existing mounting screws of the drive housing or rotary or plain bearing engage only in the mounting plate, but not in door frames or door wings. If in case of fire the mounting plates in the Area of highly heat-conductive screws melt lose drive housing or rotary or plain bearings their hold and fall to the ground.

In addition, the drive housing and / or the force-transmitting linkage and / or the rotary or plain bearings wholly or partly from high heat-insulating and / or low melting material, e.g. Be made of plastic. In this Case may be on other heat-insulating and / or low-melting mounting plates or the like can be dispensed with. It results from the use of plastic for housing and linkage a good thermal insulation for in the Fire trap hot door out, so that a heating of located in the drive housing Medium at most very slowly.

The housing of the drive can be made of heat-insulating material, but also, in particular then if a mounting plate made of heat-insulating material used will be formed of metal.

Figur 1

eine schematische Frontansicht einer Anschlagschwenktür mit einem aufliegend montierten Gleitarmtürschließer;

Figur 2

einen Schnitt entlang Linie II - II in Figur 1 mit einer Befestigung des Türschließers über Kunststoffschrauben gemäß dem Stand der Technik;

Figur 3

einen Schnitt entlang Linie II - II in Figur 1 mit einer Sicherung der Befestigung des Türschließers über Kunststoffhülsen;

Figur 4

einen Schnitt entlang Linie II - II in Figur 1 mit einer Montage des Türschließers auf Montageplatten aus Kunststoff;

Figur 5

einen Schnitt entlang Linie II - II in Figur 1 eines Türschließers mit Kunststoffgehäuse und Kunststoffgleitschiene.

The invention is explained in more detail in the figures. Showing:

FIG. 1

a schematic front view of a stop swing door with a resting mounted Gleitarmtürschließer;

FIG. 2

a section along line II - II in Figure 1 with an attachment of the door closer on plastic screws according to the prior art;

FIG. 3

a section along line II - II in Figure 1 with a fuse attachment of the door closer on plastic sleeves;

FIG. 4

a section along line II - II in Figure 1 with a mounting of the door closer on mounting plates made of plastic;

FIG. 5

a section along line II - II in Figure 1 of a door closer with plastic housing and plastic slide rail.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic front view of a stop pivot door. The door has a door leaf 1, which is pivotally mounted on a vertical edge in bands 11 on the stationary door frame 2. The door leaf 1 is equipped with a sliding arm door closer 3 mounted on the floor.

The Gleitarmtürschließer 3 consists of a door closer housing 31, in the a closer shaft 4 is rotatably mounted. With the closer shaft 4 is rotatably on Sliding arm 5 is connected, which has at its free end a slider 6 which in a guide rail 7 is guided displaceably and rotatably. In the door closer housing 31 is a closing spring not shown in the figures and a Damping device arranged, which cooperate with the closer shaft 4. The Gleitarmtürschließer 3 may be a conventional built door closer act 3, z. B. a hydraulic door closer 3, as described in DE 36 38 353 A1. Such a door closer 3 works so that when manually opening the door 1 by the case resulting forced movement of the linkage and the closer shaft 4 the closer spring is tense. The closing process is carried out automatically under effect the closing spring. About hydraulic channels and valves while hydraulic medium exchanged between two piston working chambers of the piston-cylinder system.

In the mounting method shown in Figure 1, the so-called blade assembly, that is Door closer housing 31 mounted on the door leaf 1. Here, the slide 7 is on mounted on the frame 2. In another mounting method, not shown, the so-called head assembly, the door closer housing 31 is on the frame 2 mounted, and the slide rail 7 on the door leaf 1. The mounting can be both on the band side, as shown in Figure 1, as well as on the tape opposite side done.

In alternative embodiments, instead of Gleitarmgestänges also a Scherenarmgestänge be used. An application of the invention is also on double-leaf doors possible, which additionally with a closing sequence control can be equipped. In addition, an application of the invention to electro-hydraulic Door drives possible, which additionally also preferably in Drive housing arranged hydraulic pump for motorized opening or having motor-assisted opening of the door leaf 1. In the following Figures will be the explanation of the various embodiments of the invention in each case on the already described hydraulic door closer. 3

Door closers or door drives 3 for use on fire and fire doors had to be constructed in such a way that even with strong warming of the door closer, or door drive 3 no hydraulic fluid leaks. Unfortunately, act in particular the door areas that are used to mount the door drive 3, namely door frame 2 and wing edges, with the door closed as thermal bridges. The surface temperature of the door can also be on the side away from the fire reach these places 300 ° to 400 ° C. Leaks through a leak Hydraulic oil would ignite immediately and favor an extension of the fire.

According to the invention, an ignition of hydraulic medium is prevented by that the door closer 3 in case of fire completely from the hot door solves. For this purpose, the fastening device of the drive housing 31 acts and the fastening device of the linkage 5, 6, 7 each with a Fuse together, which at room temperature a stable Attachment of the door closer or door drive 3 guaranteed, but at temperatures of about 300 ° C melts and dissolves the attachment. Because the drive housing 31 continued to be pressed against the hot door by the power of the linkage alone would, solving the attachment of the linkage is also advantageous. in the Below, four alternative embodiments of the invention are presented. FIGS. 2 to 5 each show a section along line II-II in FIG. 1.

Figure 2 shows a cross section in the region of the fastening device of a hydraulic door closer 3 according to the prior art. The output shaft 4 of the door closer 3 is guided via a Gleitarmgestänge 5 with a sliding body 6 in a mounted on the frame slide 7. The slide rail 7 is screwed at its axial ends with fastening screws 33 on the frame 2.

The mounted on the door drive housing 31 is at its two front ends each equipped with a mounting foot 32. Each of the two mounting feet 32 has two holes for receiving fastening screws 33, which serve the attachment of the drive housing 31 on the door leaf 1.

The fastening screws 33 of the drive housing 31 are made of plastic manufactured and designed as fuses. At temperatures above of 300 ° C, such as in the case of fire on the side facing away from the fire a fire door occur, the plastic melts and loses its Load capacity. Due to their own weight, the slide rail 7 and then release the door drive housing 31 including the linkage 5, 6, 7 from the door frame 2, or door 1 and fall to the ground. Without direct contact to the hot Door surface is on the side facing away from the fire The door now no danger that any escaping hydraulic oil ignites. On the fire side, it is quite possible that even on the door closer 3 lying on the floor is caught by the fire. This means, however safety-wise no danger, since in this case no spreading of the fire can take place on the brand-facing side of the door 1.

Figure 3 shows a modification of Figure 2. The holes for receiving the mounting screws 33 in the slide rail 7 and in the mounting feet 32 of the drive housing 31 are each provided with plastic sleeves 8. The plastic sleeves 8 in turn take the mounting screws 33 and serve as a fuse. The sleeve diameter is chosen larger than the diameter of the respective screw head. The fastening screws 33 are made of highly thermally conductive material, for example metal, in particular copper or steel, which conduct heat in the event of a fire sufficiently quickly and to the plastic sleeves designed as a fuse.

In case of fire melt in this embodiment, the plastic sleeves 8 in the Mounting holes of slide 7 and drive housing 31 and leave then the screw heads through. As already described in FIG Connecting the slide rail 7 and the door drive housing 31 including the Linkage 5, 6, 7 to the ground. If it is metal screws, remain These in the door 1 and in the door frame 2.

FIG. 4 shows a further alternative embodiment, which is particularly suitable for retrofitting existing door closers 3. Here, both the slide rail 7 and the drive housing 31 are mounted on mounting plates 9 made of highly heat-insulating and low-slip plastic on the door frame 2 and the door 1. Sliding rail 7 and drive housing 31 are fastened by means of highly thermally conductive, non-melting metal mounting screws 34 on the mounting plate 9. The mounting screws 34 engage only in the respective mounting plate 9, but not in the door frame 2 and the door 1. The mounting plates 9 are in turn screwed with mounting screws 33 made of metal on the door frame 2, or door 1. In case of fire, the mounting plates 9 serve as fuses. The mounting screws 34 for mounting the drive housing 31 and slide 7 lose their grip when melting the mounting plate 9, and then as already described in Figure 2 fall the slide 7 and the door drive housing 31 including the linkage 5, 6, 7 to the ground. The reliable and complete melting of the fuse link is ensured by the high heat conduction of the screws.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 5 , both the slide rail 7 and the mounting feet of the door drive housing 31 are made of plastic and bolted in a conventional manner with metallic screws 33 on the door frame 2, and the door leaf 1. In case of fire, the slide 7 and the mounting feet 32 act as a fuse. As already described in Figure 2 fall the slide 7 and the door drive housing 31 including the linkage 5, 6, 7 to the ground, as soon as slide rail 7 and mounting feet 32 melt due to the heat and the fastening screws 33 thereby lose their hold. In this embodiment too, the highly thermally conductive and non-fusible screws ensure that the fuse in the area of the screws melts reliably and quickly.

In a further embodiment, not shown, it is possible the entire To make drive housing 31 and not only its mounting feet made of plastic. For use as a fuse 8, 9, 33 is not only plastic in question. Also suitable for this are other materials which are at room temperature provide sufficient mechanical stability and processability as well as a have low melting point.

The fastening device with the fuse proves itself in all drives, when working with a flammable medium when using Fire and fire doors in a corresponding manner advantageous. In such Media can be hydraulic oil as described above, but also other media are conceivable. The media can be used to dampen the wing movement as described above in a damping device z. B. with piston-cylinder system be used. However, embodiments are also possible which have hydraulic clutches or hydraulic transmissions or clutches or gear with other flammable media.

By using highly heat-insulating materials for the drive housing or for the mounting plate is achieved in all embodiments, that reduces the heating of the oil in the drive housing in case of fire, at least is delayed, so that the bursting of the housing and the escape of oil counteracted.

List of reference numbers

1

door

11

hinge

12

door handle

2

doorframe

3

Door closer, door drive

31

drive housing

32

mounting

33

Fixing screw, first fixing means

34

Mounting screw, second fastening means

4

Output shaft, closer shaft

5

sliding arm

6

Sliding body, glider

7

slide

8th

Plastic sleeve, sleeve

9

mounting plate

Claims (11)

1. Door actuating system for the door leaf (1) of a fire-resistant door or fire-proof door, having an actuating-system housing (31),
   having a motor-driven actuating-system device, which is arranged in the actuating-system housing (31), with externally supplied power for opening and closing the door leaf (1) and/or having a restoring device which is arranged in the actuating-system housing (31), is acted upon when the door leaf (1) is opened and is designed as a power store for automatically closing the door leaf (1),
   having a damping device, which is arranged in the actuating-system housing (31), for damping the closing and/or opening movement of the door leaf,
   having an output element (4) which interacts with the motor-driven actuating-system device and/or the restoring device and/or the damping device and is mounted in the actuating-system housing (31),
   having a force-transmitting linkage (5) which, on the one hand, is connected to the output element (4) and, on the other hand, is supported in a rotary or sliding bearing (7),
   the rotary or sliding bearing (7) being fastened to the door leaf (1) or to a positionally fixed door frame (2), and the actuating-system housing (3) being fastened to the positionally fixed door frame (2) or to the door leaf (1), via a fastening device, a fuse (8, 9, 32) being provided, the said fuse melting, if there is an appropriate generation of heat in the event of a fire, and releasing the fastening of the actuating-system housing (31) to the door leaf (1) or to the door frame (2),
   characterized in that
   the fuse (8, 9, 32) is designed as a mounting plate (9), which melts in the event of a fire, is formed separately or formed integrally with the actuating-system housing (31) and consists of a material which is weakly heat-conductive and/or melts at low temperature, and/or
   as a mounting device which melts in the event of a fire, is integral with the actuating-system housing (31) and consists of weakly heat-conductive material, and/or
   as a fuse sleeve (8) which melts in the event of a fire and consists of a material melting at low temperature, and
   in that the device for fastening the actuating-system housing (31) to the door leaf (1) or to the door frame (2) has a metal fastening element which is highly heat-conductive, melts only at temperatures greater than 500°C, if at all, and, in the region of the fuse (8, 9, 32), is arranged engaging in the fuse (8, 9, 32) in order to produce the fastening of the actuating-system housing to the door leaf or to the door frame and, in the event of a fire, conducts heat to the fuse (8, 9, 32) in such a manner that the fuse (8, 9, 32) melts in the region of the metal fastening element and, as a result, releases the fastening of the actuating-system housing (31) to the door leaf (1) or to the door frame (2).
2. Door actuating system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the metal fastening element is designed as a metal screw (33).
3. Door actuating system according to Claim 2, characterized in that the fuse (8, 9, 32) has a fuse sleeve (8) consisting of a material melting at low temperature, the fuse sleeve (8) being accommodated in a fastening hole of the actuating-system housing (31), and the outside diameter of the sleeve (8) being larger than the diameter of the screw head of the particular metal screw (33).
4. Door actuating system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the fuse (8, 9, 32) has a mounting plate (9) which consists of a material which is weakly heat-conductive and/or melts at low temperature,
   the mounting plate (9) being fastened on the door leaf (1) or door frame (2) via first fastening means (33) having a highly heat-conductive metal fastening element, and the actuating-system housing (31) being fastened on the mounting plate (9) via second fastening means (34) having a highly heat-conductive metal fastening element, and the second fastening means (34) for fastening the actuating-system housing (31) on the mounting plate (9) engaging merely in the mounting plate (9) and not in the door leaf (1) or the door frame (2).
5. Door actuating system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the actuating-system housing (31) of the door actuating system (3) consists at least partially of a material which is weakly heat-conductive and/or melts at low temperature.
6. Door actuating system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the device for fastening the rotary or sliding bearing (7) to the door frame (2) or to the door leaf (1) has a metal fastening element which is highly heat-conductive, melts only at temperatures greater than 500°C, if at all, and is arranged in the region of a fuse (8, 9, 32) which melts with an appropriate generation of heat in the event of a fire and releases the fastening of the rotary or sliding bearing (7) to the door frame (2) or to the door leaf (1).
7. Door actuating system according to Claim 6, characterized in that the metal fastening element is designed as a metal screw.
8. Door actuating system according to Claim 7, characterized in that the fuse (8, 9, 32) has a fuse sleeve (8) consisting of a material melting at low temperature, the fuse sleeve (8) being accommodated in a fastening hole of the rotary or sliding bearing (7),
   and the outside diameter of the sleeve (8) being greater than the diameter of the screw head of the particular metal screw (33).
9. Door actuating system according to Claim 8,
   characterized in that the fuse (8, 9, 32) of the fastening device has a mounting plate (9) consisting of a material melting at low temperature,
   the mounting plate (9) being fastened on the door leaf (1) or door frame (2) via first fastening means (33) having a highly heat-conductive metal fastening element, and a rotary or sliding bearing (7) being fastened on the mounting plate (9) via second fastening means (34) having a highly heat-conductive metal fastening element,
   and the second fastening means (34) for fastening the rotary or sliding bearing (7) on the mounting plate (9) engaging merely in the mounting plate (9) and not in the door leaf (1) or the door frame (2).
10. Door actuating system according to Claim 6, characterized in that the force-transmitting linkage (5, 6) of the door actuating system (3) at least partially consists of a material which is weakly heat-conductive and/or melts at low temperature.
11. Door actuating system according to Claim 10, characterized in that the rotary or sliding bearing (7) in which the force-transmitting linkage (5, 6) is supported at least partially consists of a material which is weakly heat-conductive and/or melts at low temperature.

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