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EP0600876A1 - Installation de dessalement destinee notamment aux installations en mer - Google Patents

Installation de dessalement destinee notamment aux installations en mer

Info

Publication number
EP0600876A1
EP0600876A1 EP91915412A EP91915412A EP0600876A1 EP 0600876 A1 EP0600876 A1 EP 0600876A1 EP 91915412 A EP91915412 A EP 91915412A EP 91915412 A EP91915412 A EP 91915412A EP 0600876 A1 EP0600876 A1 EP 0600876A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
separator
evaporator
condenser
desalination plant
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91915412A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bo Juul Andersen
Einar Wassini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alfa Laval Copenhagen AS
Original Assignee
Alfa Laval Desalt AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alfa Laval Desalt AS filed Critical Alfa Laval Desalt AS
Publication of EP0600876A1 publication Critical patent/EP0600876A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
    • B63J1/00—Arrangements of installations for producing fresh water, e.g. by evaporation and condensation of sea water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/06—Evaporators with vertical tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D1/00—Evaporating
    • B01D1/30—Accessories for evaporators ; Constructional details thereof
    • B01D1/305—Demister (vapour-liquid separation)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/10—Vacuum distillation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/04—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia
    • B01D45/08—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia by impingement against baffle separators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
    • B01D5/0003—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation by using heat-exchange surfaces for indirect contact between gases or vapours and the cooling medium
    • B01D5/0009—Horizontal tubes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination

Definitions

  • Desalination plant especially for use in marine and off-shore installations.
  • the present invention relates to a desalination plant of the kind set forth in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the separator comprises a large inverted dish, forcing the flow of the mixture of steam and brine droplets from the evaporator to be diverted towards and around its peripheral edge, where a relatively sudden change of direction produces a centrifugal effect, thus separating the brine droplets from the steam. Since the centrifugal effect only takes place at the edge of the inverted dish separator, the dish has to be relatively large with a diameter of the order of 1.2 times the diameter of the outlet part of the evaporator. This means, of course, partly that the housing has to be large in order to acco- modate the inverted dish separator, partly that the central region of the separator constitutes a "dead space", in which no effective separation takes place.
  • FIG. 1 is a partly diagrammatic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a desalination plant according to the present invention, seen in vertical cross-section,
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of a fragment of the separator used in the plant shown in Figur 1, and Figure 3 shows a practical exemplary embodiment of the plant shown in Figure 1, seen in side view and with cer ⁇ tain parts removed.
  • Figure l comprises three main components known in principle from previously known desalination plants, viz.
  • an evaporator 2 adapted to heat seawater and keep it boiling so as to produce a mixture of steam (i.e. water vapour) and droplets containing sea salts in a considerably higher concentration than in the original seawater,
  • a separator 3 adapted to separate droplets and steam coming from the evaporator 2 in such a manner that the droplets fall down and are collected as a small stream of brine, whereas the steam is allowed to continue upwards in the plant, and
  • condenser 4 adapted to cool the steam coming from the separator 3 so as to make this steam condense and form pure water.
  • Seawater is delivered to the plant at an increased pressure from a pump (not shown) through a seawater inlet 5, from which the relatively cool seawater flows into the tubes 6 of the condenser 4, thus providing the requisite cooling for the condensation of the steam being produced by the evaporator 2.
  • the seawater will necessarily be heated somewhat, thus leaving the condenser through a cooling-water outlet 7.
  • the seawater now in a preheated state, flows through a pipe 8, the lower end of which has a comparatively narrow branch in the form of a feed-water inlet tube 9, the main flow through the pipe 8 leading to the drive-nozzle in an ejector 10.
  • the portion of the seawater flowing through the feed- water inlet tube 9 enters the lower part of the evaporator 2 and flows upwardly through the evaporator tubes 13, the latter being heated by hot water, in the present case con ⁇ stituting cooling water from a diesel engine, such as the ship's propulsion engine, and flowing in through a jacket- water inlet 11 and out through a jacket-water outlet 12.
  • the supply of seawater through the feed-water inlet tube 9, the supply of hot water through the jacket-water inlet 11, and other operating conditions of the evaporator 2 are adjusted in a manner to provide so-called "rising- film evaporation" in order to provide optimum operating conditions and avoid or minimize the formation of scale.
  • the means for obtaining this adjustment may comprise a re ⁇ stricted orifice 14 placed within the feed-water inlet tube 9.
  • the steam produced in the eva- porator 2 continues upwardly to the separator 3, carrying with it a great number of the droplets formed during the process of boiling the water in the evaporator 2.
  • Droplets in this manner reaching the separator 3 will be caught in same and agglomerated into larger drops or small streams, returning under the force of gravity towards the evaporator 2, on top of which they are intercepted by a brine-collecting pan 15 and made to flow through a brine-outlet tube 16.
  • the pure water formed in the condenser 4 by the con- ⁇ densation of the steam formed in the evaporator 2 is col ⁇ lected by a condensate-collecting pan 17, from which it leaves the plant through a freshwater outlet 18.
  • this outlet has to deliver the freshwater through some means, such as a pump, preventing entry of air into the space inside the condenser 4.
  • the pressure in the inter- communicating spaces in the evaporator 2 , the separator 3 and the condenser 4 is kept at a level considerably below normal atmospheric pressure.
  • the purpose of this is to lower the boiling point of the sea water in the evaporator 2 to a point, where it can be made to boil easily by supplying so- called low-grade heat, in the present example heat from the cooling jacket of a diesel engine.
  • the ejector 10 comprises two suction inlets, viz. a liquid-suction inlet 19 and a gas-suction inlet 20.
  • the drive nozzle 21 of the ejector 10 is driven by the main stream of preheated sea water flowing through the pipe 8 from the cooling-water outlet 7 in the condenser 4.
  • the seawater being pumped in through the sea water inlet 5 and flowing through the con- denser 4, in which it is preheated while providing the re ⁇ quisite cooling effect for the condensation will - except for the small proportion branched off into the feed-water inlet tube 9 - drive the ejector 10, the latter aspirating brine from the brine-outlet tube 16 through the liquid-suc- tion inlet 19, at the same aspirating air and other uncon- densable gases liberated in the evaporator 2 from the con ⁇ denser 4 through a gas-suction tube 22 indicated in broken lines.
  • the ejector 10 provides three func- tions at the same time, viz.
  • the separator 3 is effective over substantially the whole of its flow cross- sectional area in separating the droplets of brine from the steam in the mixture produced by the boiling process in the evaporator 2.
  • the flow cross- sectional area of the separator 3 can be of the same order of magnitude as, preferably equal to the flow cross-sectional area of at least the adjacent part of the evaporator 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows a fragment of an example of a separator 3 capable of such a "distributed effect".
  • the separator 3 consists of a number of cells arranged in rows, the major part of the walls of each cell being constituted by zig-zag-baffles 24, each having a number of protruding relief chevrons 25 producing such flow conditions in each cell, that the droplets of brine are deposited on the baffles 24 and trickle downwards to the lowermost, input side of the separator 3, from where they fall down onto the brine-col- lecting pan 15 on top of the evaporator.
  • FIG. 2 The fragment shown in Figure 2 is in fact a fragment of a mist eliminator type T271 from Deutschen Anlagenstechnik Dinslaken mbH & Co. KG, DW-4220 Dinslaken, Germany, said mist eliminator having proved suitable for the present purpose. It will, however, be obvious that any type of separator being effec ⁇ tive over substantially the full flow cross-sectional area may be used, provided, of course, that its operating para ⁇ meters are otherwise suitable for this purpose.
  • Figure 3 shows a practical embodiment of a desalina ⁇ tion plant of the type shown diagrammatically in Figure 4, but does not show the ejector 10 and the external intercon ⁇ nections between the main components of the plant.
  • Figure 3 shows the evaporator 2 with its dished bottom wall 26 resting, preferably secured to, a base 27 adapted to be mounted on a floor or a deck.
  • the separator 3 On top of the evaporator 2 there is the separator 3 with its zig-zag baff ⁇ les 24, and on top of this again is the condenser 4, the latter extending crosswise beyond the width of the cylin- drical housing constituted by the outer walls of the com ⁇ ponents 2, 3 and 4, the protruding portions being housed in protruding housing parts 28.
  • the top of the condenser 4 is closed by a dished top wall 29, so that the whole plant demos a vertical boiler.
  • the part comprising the zig-zag baffles 24, is releasably secured inside the outer wall of the separator 3 by means of an inwardly protruding peripheral rim 30 formed in said outer wall and a bezel ring 31 releasably inserted into a peri- pheral groove 32 also formed in said outer wall.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)

Abstract

Installation de dessalement (1) comportant un évaporateur (2), un séparateur (3) servant à séparer les gouttelettes de saumure d'un mélange de celles-ci et de vapeur d'eau produit par le processus d'ébullition dans l'évaporateur (2), ainsi qu'un condenseur (4) servant à faire condenser la vapeur d'eau pour obtenir de l'eau douce quittant l'installation au niveau d'une canalisation de sortie (18). Ladite installation est caractérisée en ce que le séparateur (3) est du type présentant un "effet de répartition", par exemple constitué d'un certain nombre de cellules limitées par des déflecteurs en zigzag (24), chaque cellule ayant une fonction différente. Grâce à cette configuration, il n'est pas nécessaire que la superficie de la section de passage du séparateur (3), et donc son encombrement horizontal, soient supérieurs à ceux de l'évaporateur (2), à la différence des installations connues de l'état de la technique, dans lesquelles le séparateur est constitué d'un bac renversé de grande taille et très encombrant, puisque l'effet centrifuge de séparation ne se produit qu'à sa périphérie.
EP91915412A 1991-08-09 1991-08-09 Installation de dessalement destinee notamment aux installations en mer Withdrawn EP0600876A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DK1991/000223 WO1993002964A1 (fr) 1991-08-09 1991-08-09 Installation de dessalement destinee notamment aux installations en mer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0600876A1 true EP0600876A1 (fr) 1994-06-15

Family

ID=8153688

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91915412A Withdrawn EP0600876A1 (fr) 1991-08-09 1991-08-09 Installation de dessalement destinee notamment aux installations en mer

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0600876A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH07500526A (fr)
KR (1) KR0169155B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2087819B1 (fr)
PL (1) PL169577B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993002964A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1050103C (zh) * 1993-03-05 2000-03-08 北京市西城区新开通用试验厂 用于海船的数控海水淡化装置
DE59905936D1 (de) * 1999-11-05 2003-07-17 Balcke Duerr Energietech Gmbh Verdampfer
ES2165824B1 (es) * 2000-09-27 2003-10-16 Dyta En Y Medio Ambiente S A L Planta autonoma desalinizadora autopropulsada asistida por energias renovables.
KR20020038201A (ko) * 2000-11-17 2002-05-23 최성환 해수를 이용하여 음용수를 생산하는 장치
ES2185514B1 (es) 2001-10-13 2004-01-01 Hernandez Fernando M Hernandez Planta para la obtencion de agua exenta de sal a partir de aguas marinas, a baja temperatura, con funcionamiento continuo y recuperacion de entalpia.
RU2291814C1 (ru) * 2005-06-06 2007-01-20 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Уфимский государственный нефтяной технический университет" Обратноосмотическая опреснительная установка
ES2281262B1 (es) * 2005-10-17 2008-09-16 Mora Wold Water, S.A. Sistema de desalacion y reciclaje de residuos liquidos y aguas oleosas, que no utiliza filtros, membranas o productos quimicos para producir agua pura y energia.
CN100462282C (zh) * 2006-11-14 2009-02-18 何诺 海洋船舶超导节能海水淡化制造饮水装置
KR101029774B1 (ko) * 2010-11-08 2011-04-19 유동호 담수용 수증기 응결장치
CN102092808B (zh) * 2011-03-28 2012-04-18 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 一种利用柴油发动机的余热烟气的海水淡化装置
WO2013004240A1 (fr) * 2011-07-06 2013-01-10 Grundfos Holding A/S Procédé de production et de stockage d'eau dessalée sur un navire de mer
JP5924584B2 (ja) * 2012-07-18 2016-05-25 三浦工業株式会社 造水装置
JP6099497B2 (ja) * 2013-06-25 2017-03-22 株式会社ササクラ 真空蒸発式造水装置
DK201570471A1 (da) * 2015-07-16 2017-02-20 Hans Andrias Djurhuus System og fremgangsmåde til rensning af forurenet væske
RU194874U1 (ru) * 2019-05-07 2019-12-26 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Керченский государственный морской технологический университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "КГМТУ") Система судовой опреснительной установки
CN110282679A (zh) * 2019-07-24 2019-09-27 大连理工大学 双级预热的热力蒸汽压缩式竖管升膜蒸发海水淡化装置

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US1067010A (en) * 1909-05-26 1913-07-08 American Evaporator Company Evaporator.
DE739470C (de) * 1940-08-09 1943-09-27 Atlas Werke Ag Vorrichtung zum mehrmaligen Verdampfen von Wasser, insbesondere Seewasser
DE2246475C2 (de) * 1972-09-22 1974-12-05 Regehr, Ulrich, Dr.-Ing., 5100 Aachen Vorrichtung zum Abscheiden von Tropfen
US3864215A (en) * 1974-02-11 1975-02-04 Alanson J Arnold Method of Distilling Sea Water on Small Ships and Marine Platforms Having Internal Combustion Engine
GB2077604A (en) * 1979-12-22 1981-12-23 Serke Gmbh Device for preventing deposit of sediments in uptake tubes of an evaporator
DE3176790D1 (en) * 1981-09-10 1988-07-28 Parmatic Filter Corp Improved method for removing moisture particles
US4601731A (en) * 1985-07-02 1986-07-22 Koch Engineering Company, Inc. Chevron-type mist eliminator and method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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See references of WO9302964A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2087819B1 (es) 1997-02-16
WO1993002964A1 (fr) 1993-02-18
PL169577B1 (pl) 1996-08-30
ES2087819A1 (es) 1996-07-16
KR0169155B1 (ko) 1999-01-15
JPH07500526A (ja) 1995-01-19

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