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EP0694755B1 - Explosive projectile - Google Patents

Explosive projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0694755B1
EP0694755B1 EP95401646A EP95401646A EP0694755B1 EP 0694755 B1 EP0694755 B1 EP 0694755B1 EP 95401646 A EP95401646 A EP 95401646A EP 95401646 A EP95401646 A EP 95401646A EP 0694755 B1 EP0694755 B1 EP 0694755B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile according
explosive
intermediate charge
projectile
aggregate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95401646A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0694755A1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Nicolas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manurhin Defense SA
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Manurhin Defense SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0694755A1 publication Critical patent/EP0694755A1/en
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Publication of EP0694755B1 publication Critical patent/EP0694755B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/201—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class
    • F42B12/204—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class for attacking structures, e.g. specific buildings or fortifications, ships or vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/208—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by a plurality of charges within a single high explosive warhead
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/44—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information of incendiary type

Definitions

  • the field of the present invention is that of explosive projectiles, including projectiles medium caliber explosives, which are initiated on impact by a pyrotechnic rocket comprising at least one composition incendiary disposed in a deformable warhead.
  • This delay leads to a decrease in close effects on the target in relation to the firing point (impact on target), and a slow revving.
  • Patent US4237787 describes a projectile comprising a fragment-generating body inside which a explosive and / or incendiary charge initiated by a means priming.
  • An incendiary composition is arranged in its warhead and it is initiated on impact on a target.
  • the composition arranged in the body is initiated by the warhead composition after rupture of the projectile on the target, so after a delay difficult to master.
  • the invention makes it possible to significantly improve the operation of projectiles initiated on impact by a pyrotechnic rocket comprising at least one composition incendiary placed in a deformable warhead.
  • the invention is also applicable to projectiles initiated by a conventional rocket (mechanical or electronic) with a primer ensuring a firing by thermal effect (generation of a hot plasma). She also allows in this case to improve the initiation of explosive charge, ensuring faster switching to mode explosive.
  • the subject of the invention is an explosive projectile, including medium caliber projectile, comprising a body chip generator inside which is placed a explosive and / or incendiary charge initiated by a means priming, characterized in that it includes a charge intermediate disposed between the priming means and the explosive charge consisting of a mixture of an explosive and a first pyrotechnic composition comprising the combination of at least one oxidant and at least one reducer.
  • Such an arrangement provides a means of initiation at increased sensitivity favoring the rapid initiation of explosive charge.
  • the intermediate charge will for example comprise a mixture homogeneous from 20 to 70% by mass of first composition pyrotechnic and from 80% to 30% by mass of explosive.
  • the explosive of the intermediate charge include a secondary explosive combined with a powder metallic.
  • the explosive of the intermediate charge may for example contain 70 to 90% by mass of secondary explosive, 10 to 30% metallic powder, 0 to 3% binder.
  • the metal powder is a powder aluminum particle size between 300 and 500 micrometers.
  • the first pyrotechnic composition of the intermediate charge comprises 40% to 80% by mass of oxidant and 60% to 20% by mass of reducing agent.
  • the oxidant will be chosen from the compounds or their mixtures: Barium Nitrate, Potassium, Barium Chlorate, Potassium Perchlorate, Barium perchlorate, Barium peroxide.
  • the reducing agent will be chosen from among the compounds following, their intermetallic mixtures or alloys: aluminum powder, magnesium powder, uranium powder, silicon powder.
  • the explosive charge has at least one axial cavity into which the intermediate load enters, cavity intended to increase the contact surface between the explosive charge and intermediate charge.
  • Such a configuration by increasing the surfaces of contact between intermediate load and load explosive, reduces the initiation delay of the explosive charge.
  • the intermediate load can be placed in bulk or slightly packed in the axial cavity.
  • the intermediate charge can also be poured or compressed and will include at least one axial hole arranged in look at the priming means.
  • This configuration increases the contact surfaces between the intermediate charge and the plasma supplied by the means of initiation, which also makes it possible to reduce the delay of initiating the explosive charge.
  • a second composition pyrotechnic is placed in the axial hole (s) of the intermediate load.
  • This second pyrotechnic composition is advantageously laid loose or loosely packed in the hole (s) axial.
  • the presence of a loose composition also allows increase the contact surface between the plasma and the second pyrotechnic composition.
  • the second pyrotechnic composition has the same formulation as the intermediate load.
  • a screen made of combustible material is interposed between the means priming and intermediate load.
  • the presence of a screen ensures confinement which allows a rise in pressure of the plasma originating from the initiation means.
  • the screen also improves the security of the projectile by preventing any contact between particles of the composition intermediate and the priming means.
  • the screen will have a thickness of between 0.05 and 0.3mm and it will be made of nitrofilm, propellant or craft paper.
  • the screen has a form of disc, or it has at least one penetrating concave zone at least partially in the axial hole (s) of the intermediate load.
  • the splinter-generating body will advantageously have undergone a structural treatment favoring the formation of splinters, for example quenching and tempering, electron bombardment or localized heating by laser.
  • the priming means consists of a pyrotechnic rocket comprising at less an incendiary composition arranged in a warhead deformable.
  • a projectile 1 comprises a metal body 2 bearing at its rear part a belt 3 and at its front part a means ignition 4, consisting of a pyrotechnic rocket attached to the body by thread.
  • the pyrotechnic rocket has two compositions incendiary 5a, 5b arranged in a deformable warhead 6. Such a rocket is described in detail in the patent FR9009111 and its structure will not be specified further here.
  • Body 2 made of steel or aluminum, will have preferably undergone a structural treatment favoring the splintering, for example quenching followed by income, electronic bombardment or overheating located by laser. Bombing and warm-ups will be performed on longitudinal and circular generators in order to define a mesh of the desired flakes (such process is described in patent FR7829211).
  • Body 2 could also have splinters preformed.
  • Body 2 of the projectile contains an explosive charge 7 of known type, comprising for example an explosive secondary like hexogen or octogen, and which may advantageously include a metal powder charge (like aluminum) to strengthen its pyrophoric capacities (such mixtures combining hexogen or octogen with aluminum are marketed respectively under the names of Hexal or Octal).
  • an explosive charge 7 of known type, comprising for example an explosive secondary like hexogen or octogen, and which may advantageously include a metal powder charge (like aluminum) to strengthen its pyrophoric capacities (such mixtures combining hexogen or octogen with aluminum are marketed respectively under the names of Hexal or Octal).
  • the explosive charge will be set up by casting, compression or injection.
  • An axial cavity 8 will be provided at its upper part cylindrical. In the case of formatting by compression it will suffice to use for the last step of compression a punch having an appropriate shape.
  • the height and diameter of the cavity will be understood usually between half and one sixth of the diameter of the bore 2a of the body 2.
  • the body 2 also contains an intermediate charge 9 disposed between the priming means 4 and the load explosive 7.
  • This intermediate charge consists of a mixture an explosive and a first pyrotechnic composition involving the combination of at least one oxidant and at least a reducer.
  • the explosive may be a secondary explosive known as hexogen or octogen or an explosive charged with a metallic powder such as aluminum (Hexal or Octal).
  • the first pyrotechnic composition will include example 40% to 80% by mass of oxidant and 60% to 20% by mass reducer.
  • this composition is to facilitate initiation of the secondary explosive with which it is mixed. This initiation results from a significant rise in the temperature, passing the speed of movement of the wavefront from a lower speed 2000m / s to another greater than 2000m / s, and thus causing a detonation of all or part of the secondary explosive.
  • the oxidant can be chosen from the following compounds or their mixtures: Barium Nitrate, Potassium Nitrate, Barium Chlorate, Potassium Perchlorate, Perchlorate Barium, Barium Peroxide.
  • reducing agent from the compounds following, their intermetallic mixtures or alloys: aluminum powder, magnesium powder, uranium powder, silicon powder.
  • An intermediate charge comprising 30% to 70% by mass of this composition mixed with 70% to 30% by mass of Hexal is particularly well suited for initiating an explosive Hexal type.
  • the intermediate load can be set up by casting or compression. It will fill the axial cavity 8 of the explosive charge.
  • the intermediate load 9 has an axial hole 10 which is arranged opposite the initiating means 4 and which has here substantially the same diameter as the cavity 8.
  • This hole 10 could for example be obtained during the compression of the intermediate load 9 by means of a punch of particular shape.
  • This hole is to increase the surface of the charge 9 which will be subjected to the plasma generated by the means priming.
  • the height and diameter of hole 10 will be included usually between half and one sixth of the diameter of the bore 2a of the body 2.
  • a screen 11 made of combustible material is placed on the intermediate load 9.
  • This screen may for example be made of nitrofilm, nitrocellulose, propellant or craft paper.
  • the screen is kept pinched between the underside 13 of the priming means 4 and a shoulder 12 of the body 2.
  • This screen isolates the intermediate load 9 from the means boot 4. It provides temporary containment which increases the plasma pressure (hot gases and glowing particles) from the initiation means 4.
  • a screen thickness included between 0.05 and 0.3mm.
  • the screen 11 improves also the security of the projectile by preventing any contact between particles detached from intermediate charge 9 and the priming means 4 (particles which can detach as a result of storage, transport and updating constraints projectile post).
  • this concave shape ensures the confinement of the ignition plasma inside of it.
  • the charging 9 is thus ignited in a way homogeneous over the entire surface of the hole which increases reliability and reproducibility of ignition.
  • FIG. 2 represents another embodiment of a projectile according to the invention.
  • This mode differs from the previous one in that the hole 10 is completely filled with a second pyrotechnic composition 15 arranged in bulk.
  • This pyrotechnic composition 15 is chosen with a identical formulation to that of the intermediate charge 9.
  • Such an arrangement makes it possible to increase the surface of contact between the plasma generated by the initiating means and the second pyrotechnic composition, which allows to obtain an intermediate load 9 delay even shorter.
  • the screen 11 has the shape of a flat disc pinched between the lower face 13 of the means priming 4 and the shoulder 12 of the body 2.
  • the second composition 15 another formulation than that of the intermediate load 9.
  • a composition more or less sensitive to flame It is so possible to precisely set the ignition time of the intermediate load.
  • the invention can also be implemented when the means of initiation is of a different nature, for example when it is constituted by a mechanical rocket or electronic device comprising a primer ensuring ignition by thermal effect (generation of a hot plasma). We then ensures initiation of the loading explosive in detonating regime from a thermal explosion effect supplied by the priming means as indicated above.

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Abstract

An explosive projectile (1) of medium calibre, which comprises a generator explosive body (2) in which are distributed an explosive and/or incendiary charge (7) initiated by means of a primer (4). The device also comprises an intermediate charge (9) situated between the primer (4) and explosive charge (7) consisting of a mixt. of an explosive and a prim. pyrotechnic compsn. consisting of the association of at least one oxidant and one reducing agent. <IMAGE>

Description

Le domaine de la présente invention est celui des projectiles explosifs, notamment celui des projectiles explosifs de moyen calibre, qui sont initiés à l'impact par une fusée pyrotechnique comprenant au moins une composition incendiaire disposée dans une ogive déformable.The field of the present invention is that of explosive projectiles, including projectiles medium caliber explosives, which are initiated on impact by a pyrotechnic rocket comprising at least one composition incendiary disposed in a deformable warhead.

On connaít par le brevet FR9009111 un tel projectile explosif. La coiffe de ce projectile contient des compositions incendiaires qui sont initiées lors de l'impact sur une cible et qui assurent la mise à feu d'un chargement explosif.We know from patent FR9009111 such a projectile explosive. The cap of this projectile contains incendiary compositions which are initiated upon impact on a target and which fire a load explosive.

Le problème d'un tel projectile est que l'initiation du chargement explosif se trouve retardée par la lenteur de l'expansion du régime déflagrant des compositions incendiaires.The problem with such a projectile is that the initiation of the explosive charge is delayed by the slowness of the expansion of the blasting regime of compositions incendiary.

Ce retard entraíne une diminution des effets rapprochés sur la cible par rapport au point de mise à feu (impact sur la cible), et une montée en régime lente.This delay leads to a decrease in close effects on the target in relation to the firing point (impact on target), and a slow revving.

Le brevet US4237787 dont l'exposé couvre les caractéristiques du préambule de la revendication 1, décrit un projectile comportant un corps générateur d'éclats à l'intérieur duquel est disposé un chargement explosif et/ou incendiaire initié par un moyen d'amorçage. Une composition incendiaire est disposée dans son ogive et elle est initiée à l'impact sur une cible. La composition disposée dans le corps est initiée par la composition d'ogive après rupture du projectile sur la cible, donc après un retard difficile à maítriser.Patent US4237787, the description of which covers the characteristics of the preamble of claim 1, describes a projectile comprising a fragment-generating body inside which a explosive and / or incendiary charge initiated by a means priming. An incendiary composition is arranged in its warhead and it is initiated on impact on a target. The composition arranged in the body is initiated by the warhead composition after rupture of the projectile on the target, so after a delay difficult to master.

C'est le but de la présente invention que de pallier de tels inconvénients en permettant de diminuer le retard d'initiation du chargement explosif et en améliorant le régime transitoire, ce qui assure une explosion plus rapide du projectile donc une formation des éclats également plus rapide consécutivement à l'impact sur la cible.It is the aim of the present invention to overcome such disadvantages by reducing the delay initiating the explosive charge and improving the transient regime, which ensures a faster explosion of the projectile therefore a burst formation also more rapid following impact on the target.

L'invention permet d'améliorer notablement le fonctionnement des projectiles initiés à l'impact par une fusée pyrotechnique comprenant au moins une composition incendiaire placée dans une ogive déformable.The invention makes it possible to significantly improve the operation of projectiles initiated on impact by a pyrotechnic rocket comprising at least one composition incendiary placed in a deformable warhead.

L'invention est également appliquable aux projectiles initiés par une fusée conventionnelle (mécanique ou électronique) comportant une amorce assurant une mise à feu par effet thermique (génération d'un plasma chaud). Elle permet également dans ce cas d'améliorer l'initiation du chargement explosif, assurant un passage plus rapide en mode détonant.The invention is also applicable to projectiles initiated by a conventional rocket (mechanical or electronic) with a primer ensuring a firing by thermal effect (generation of a hot plasma). She also allows in this case to improve the initiation of explosive charge, ensuring faster switching to mode explosive.

Ainsi l'invention a pour objet un projectile explosif, notamment projectile de moyen calibre, comprenant un corps générateur d'éclats à l'intérieur duquel est disposé un chargement explosif et/ou incendiaire initié par un moyen d'amorçage, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une charge intermédiaire disposée entre le moyen d'amorçage et le chargement explosif et constituée d'un mélange d'un explosif et d'une première composition pyrotechnique comportant l'association d'au moins un oxydant et d'au moins un réducteur.Thus, the subject of the invention is an explosive projectile, including medium caliber projectile, comprising a body chip generator inside which is placed a explosive and / or incendiary charge initiated by a means priming, characterized in that it includes a charge intermediate disposed between the priming means and the explosive charge consisting of a mixture of an explosive and a first pyrotechnic composition comprising the combination of at least one oxidant and at least one reducer.

Une telle disposition fournit un moyen d'amorçage à sensibilité accrue favorisant l'initiation rapide du chargement explosif.Such an arrangement provides a means of initiation at increased sensitivity favoring the rapid initiation of explosive charge.

La charge intermédiaire comprendra par exemple un mélange homogène de 20 à 70% en masse de première composition pyrotechnique et de 80% à 30% en masse d'explosif.The intermediate charge will for example comprise a mixture homogeneous from 20 to 70% by mass of first composition pyrotechnic and from 80% to 30% by mass of explosive.

Avantageusement, l'explosif de la charge intermédiaire comportera un explosif secondaire associé à une poudre métallique.Advantageously, the explosive of the intermediate charge include a secondary explosive combined with a powder metallic.

L'explosif de la charge intermédiaire pourra par exemple comporter 70 à 90% en masse d'explosif secondaire, 10 à 30% de poudre métallique, 0 à 3% de liant.The explosive of the intermediate charge may for example contain 70 to 90% by mass of secondary explosive, 10 to 30% metallic powder, 0 to 3% binder.

On choisira notamment l'explosif secondaire de la charge intermédiaire parmi les composés suivants: Hexogène, Octogène.We will choose in particular the secondary explosive of the charge intermediate among the following compounds: Hexogen, Octogenous.

De préférence la poudre métallique est une poudre d'aluminium de granulomètrie comprise entre 300 et 500 micromètres.Preferably the metal powder is a powder aluminum particle size between 300 and 500 micrometers.

Avantageusement, la première composition pyrotechnique de la charge intermédiaire comprend 40% à 80% en masse d'oxydant et 60% à 20% en masse de réducteur.Advantageously, the first pyrotechnic composition of the intermediate charge comprises 40% to 80% by mass of oxidant and 60% to 20% by mass of reducing agent.

On choisira notamment l'oxydant parmi les composés suivants ou leurs mélanges: Nitrate de Baryum, Nitrate de Potassium, Chlorate de Baryum, Perchlorate de Potassium, Perchlorate de Baryum, Peroxyde de Baryum.In particular, the oxidant will be chosen from the compounds or their mixtures: Barium Nitrate, Potassium, Barium Chlorate, Potassium Perchlorate, Barium perchlorate, Barium peroxide.

On choisira par exemple le réducteur parmi les composés suivants, leurs mélanges ou leurs alliages intermétalliques: poudre d'aluminium, poudre de magnesium, poudre d'uranium, poudre de silicium.For example, the reducing agent will be chosen from among the compounds following, their intermetallic mixtures or alloys: aluminum powder, magnesium powder, uranium powder, silicon powder.

Selon un exemple concret de réalisation, la première composition pyrotechnique de la charge intermédiaire comprend:

  • 30 à 50% en masse de Nitrate de Baryum,
  • 10 à 30% en masse de Chlorate de Baryum.
  • 10 à 30% en masse d'un alliage Aluminium/Magnésium
  • 10 à 30% en masse de Magnésium tamisé (granulomètrie fine, par exemple inférieure à 300 microns)
    • According to a concrete embodiment, the first pyrotechnic composition of the intermediate charge comprises:
  • 30 to 50% by mass of Barium Nitrate,
  • 10 to 30% by mass of Barium Chlorate.
  • 10 to 30% by mass of an Aluminum / Magnesium alloy
  • 10 to 30% by mass of sieved Magnesium (fine particle size, for example less than 300 microns)

    • Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le chargement explosif comporte au moins une cavité axiale dans laquelle pénètre la charge intermédiaire, cavité destinée à augmenter la surface de contact entre le chargement explosif et la charge intermédiaire.According to another characteristic of the invention, the explosive charge has at least one axial cavity into which the intermediate load enters, cavity intended to increase the contact surface between the explosive charge and intermediate charge.

    Une telle configuration, en augmentant les surfaces de contact entre la charge intermédiaire et le chargement explosif, permet de diminuer le retard d'initiation du chargement explosif.Such a configuration, by increasing the surfaces of contact between intermediate load and load explosive, reduces the initiation delay of the explosive charge.

    La charge intermédiaire pourra être disposée en vrac ou légèrement tassée dans la cavité axiale.The intermediate load can be placed in bulk or slightly packed in the axial cavity.

    La charge intermédiaire pourra également être coulée ou comprimée et comportera au moins un trou axial disposé en regard du moyen d'amorçage.The intermediate charge can also be poured or compressed and will include at least one axial hole arranged in look at the priming means.

    Cette configuration augmente les surfaces de contact entre la charge intermédiaire et le plasma fourni par le moyen d'amorçage, ce qui permet aussi de diminuer le retard d'initiation du chargement explosif.This configuration increases the contact surfaces between the intermediate charge and the plasma supplied by the means of initiation, which also makes it possible to reduce the delay of initiating the explosive charge.

    Selon une autre caractéristique, une deuxième composition pyrotechnique est disposée dans le ou les trous axiaux de la charge intermédiaire.According to another characteristic, a second composition pyrotechnic is placed in the axial hole (s) of the intermediate load.

    Cette deuxième composition pyrotechnique est avantageusement disposée en vrac ou peu tassée dans le ou les trous axiaux.This second pyrotechnic composition is advantageously laid loose or loosely packed in the hole (s) axial.

    La présence d'une composition peu tassée permet également d'augmenter la surface de contact entre le plasma et la deuxième composition pyrotechnique.The presence of a loose composition also allows increase the contact surface between the plasma and the second pyrotechnic composition.

    Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, la deuxième composition pyrotechnique a la même formulation que la charge intermédiaire.According to a particular embodiment, the second pyrotechnic composition has the same formulation as the intermediate load.

    Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, un écran en matériau combustible est interposé entre le moyen d'amorçage et la charge intermédiaire. According to another characteristic of the invention, a screen made of combustible material is interposed between the means priming and intermediate load.

    La présence d'un écran assure un confinement qui permet une montée en pression du plasma issu du moyen d'initiation.The presence of a screen ensures confinement which allows a rise in pressure of the plasma originating from the initiation means.

    Une telle disposition permet d'améliorer l'allumage de la charge intermédiaire.Such an arrangement improves the ignition of the intermediate load.

    L'écran améliore aussi la sécurité du projectile en empêchant tout contact entre des particules de la composition intermédiaire et le moyen d'amorçage.The screen also improves the security of the projectile by preventing any contact between particles of the composition intermediate and the priming means.

    Pratiquement, l'écran aura une épaisseur comprise entre 0,05 et 0,3mm et il sera réalisé en nitrofilm, propergol ou papier craft.In practice, the screen will have a thickness of between 0.05 and 0.3mm and it will be made of nitrofilm, propellant or craft paper.

    Selon des variantes d'exécution, l'écran a une forme de disque, ou il présente au moins une zone concave pénétrant au moins partiellement dans le ou les trous axiaux de la charge intermédiaire.According to variant embodiments, the screen has a form of disc, or it has at least one penetrating concave zone at least partially in the axial hole (s) of the intermediate load.

    Le corps générateur d'éclats aura avantageusement subi un traitement structurel favorisant la formation d'éclats, par exemple trempe et revenu, bombardement électronique ou échauffements localisés par laser.The splinter-generating body will advantageously have undergone a structural treatment favoring the formation of splinters, for example quenching and tempering, electron bombardment or localized heating by laser.

    Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le moyen d'amorçage est constitué par une fusée pyrotechnique comprenant au moins une composition incendiaire disposée dans une ogive déformable.According to a preferred embodiment, the priming means consists of a pyrotechnic rocket comprising at less an incendiary composition arranged in a warhead deformable.

    D'autres avantages apparaítront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre de divers modes de réalisation de l'invention, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:

    • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un projectile suivant un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
    • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un projectile suivant un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention.
    Other advantages will appear on reading the description which follows of various embodiments of the invention, description made with reference to the appended drawings in which:
    • FIG. 1 is a view in longitudinal section of a projectile according to a first embodiment of the invention,
    • Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a projectile according to a second embodiment of the invention.

    Si on se reporte à la figure 1, un projectile 1 selon l'invention comporte un corps 2 métallique portant à sa partie arrière une ceinture 3 et à sa partie avant un moyen d'amorçage 4, constitué par une fusée pyrotechnique fixée au corps par filetage. If we refer to Figure 1, a projectile 1 according to the invention comprises a metal body 2 bearing at its rear part a belt 3 and at its front part a means ignition 4, consisting of a pyrotechnic rocket attached to the body by thread.

    La fusée pyrotechnique comporte deux compositions incendiaires 5a,5b disposées dans une ogive déformable 6. Une telle fusée est décrite en détail dans le brevet FR9009111 et sa structure ne sera pas précisée d'avantage ici.The pyrotechnic rocket has two compositions incendiary 5a, 5b arranged in a deformable warhead 6. Such a rocket is described in detail in the patent FR9009111 and its structure will not be specified further here.

    Le corps 2, réalisé en acier ou en aluminium, aura de préférence subi un traitement structurel favorisant la formation d'éclats, par exemple une trempe suivie d'un revenu, un bombardement électronique ou des échauffements localisés par laser. Bombardement et échauffements seront effectués sur des génératrices longitudinales et circulaires afin de définir un maillage des éclats souhaités (un tel procédé est décrit dans le brevet FR7829211).Body 2, made of steel or aluminum, will have preferably undergone a structural treatment favoring the splintering, for example quenching followed by income, electronic bombardment or overheating located by laser. Bombing and warm-ups will be performed on longitudinal and circular generators in order to define a mesh of the desired flakes (such process is described in patent FR7829211).

    Le corps 2 pourrait également comporter des éclats préformés.Body 2 could also have splinters preformed.

    Le corps 2 du projectile contient un chargement explosif 7 de type connu, comprenant par exemple un explosif secondaire comme l'hexogène ou l'octogène, et qui pourra avantageusement comporter une charge de poudre métallique (comme l'aluminium) pour renforcer ses capacités pyrophoriques (de tels mélanges associant l'hexogène ou l'octogène avec de l'aluminium sont commercialisés respectivement sous les noms d'Hexal ou Octal).Body 2 of the projectile contains an explosive charge 7 of known type, comprising for example an explosive secondary like hexogen or octogen, and which may advantageously include a metal powder charge (like aluminum) to strengthen its pyrophoric capacities (such mixtures combining hexogen or octogen with aluminum are marketed respectively under the names of Hexal or Octal).

    Le chargement explosif sera mis en place par coulée, compression ou injection.The explosive charge will be set up by casting, compression or injection.

    On aménagera à sa partie supérieure une cavité axiale 8 cylindrique. Dans le cas d'une mise en forme par compression, il suffira d'utiliser pour la dernière étape de compression un poinçon présentant une forme appropriée.An axial cavity 8 will be provided at its upper part cylindrical. In the case of formatting by compression it will suffice to use for the last step of compression a punch having an appropriate shape.

    Dans le cas d'une coulée on usinera la cavité.In the case of casting, the cavity will be machined.

    La hauteur et le diamètre de la cavité seront compris habituellement entre la moitié et le sixième du diamètre de l'alésage 2a du corps 2.The height and diameter of the cavity will be understood usually between half and one sixth of the diameter of the bore 2a of the body 2.

    Le corps 2 contient également une charge intermédiaire 9 disposée entre le moyen d'amorçage 4 et le chargement explosif 7. The body 2 also contains an intermediate charge 9 disposed between the priming means 4 and the load explosive 7.

    Cette charge intermédiaire est constituée d'un mélange d'un explosif et d'une première composition pyrotechnique comportant l'association d'au moins un oxydant et d'au moins un réducteur.This intermediate charge consists of a mixture an explosive and a first pyrotechnic composition involving the combination of at least one oxidant and at least a reducer.

    On choisira de préférence pour réaliser la charge intermédiaire un mélange homogène de 30% à 70% en masse de composition pyrotechnique et de 10% à 30% en masse d'explosif.We will preferably choose to carry out the charge intermediate a homogeneous mixture of 30% to 70% by mass of pyrotechnic composition and from 10% to 30% by mass explosive.

    L'explosif pourra être un explosif secondaire connu comme l'hexogène ou l'octogène ou encore un explosif chargé d'une poudre métallique comme l'aluminium (Hexal ou Octal).The explosive may be a secondary explosive known as hexogen or octogen or an explosive charged with a metallic powder such as aluminum (Hexal or Octal).

    Avantageusement et afin de simplifier le produit on choisira le même explosif que celui constituant le chargement 7.Advantageously and in order to simplify the product, will choose the same explosive as that constituting the loading 7.

    La première composition pyrotechnique comprendra par exemple 40% à 80% en masse d'oxydant et 60% à 20% en masse de réducteur.The first pyrotechnic composition will include example 40% to 80% by mass of oxidant and 60% to 20% by mass reducer.

    Cette composition a pour fonction de faciliter l'initiation de l'explosif secondaire auquel elle est mêlée. Cette initiation résulte d'une élévation importante de la température, faisant passer la vitesse de déplacement du front d'onde d'un régime inférieur 2000m/s à un autre supérieur à 2000m/s, et provoquant ainsi une détonation de tout ou partie de l'explosif secondaire.The purpose of this composition is to facilitate initiation of the secondary explosive with which it is mixed. This initiation results from a significant rise in the temperature, passing the speed of movement of the wavefront from a lower speed 2000m / s to another greater than 2000m / s, and thus causing a detonation of all or part of the secondary explosive.

    Elle donne également un effet incendiaire complémentaire au projectile.It also gives an additional incendiary effect to the projectile.

    On pourra choisir l'oxydant parmi les composés suivants ou leurs mélanges: Nitrate de Baryum, Nitrate de Potassium, Chlorate de Baryum, Perchlorate de Potassium, Perchlorate de Baryum, Peroxyde de Baryum.The oxidant can be chosen from the following compounds or their mixtures: Barium Nitrate, Potassium Nitrate, Barium Chlorate, Potassium Perchlorate, Perchlorate Barium, Barium Peroxide.

    On pourra choisir le réducteur parmi les composés suivants, leurs mélanges ou leurs alliages intermétalliques: poudre d'aluminium, poudre de magnesium, poudre d'uranium, poudre de silicium.We can choose the reducing agent from the compounds following, their intermetallic mixtures or alloys: aluminum powder, magnesium powder, uranium powder, silicon powder.

    On pourra par exemple adopter une première composition pyrotechnique comprenant:

  • 30 à 50% en masse de Nitrate de Baryum,
  • 10 à 30% en masse de Chlorate de Baryum.
  • 10 à 30% en masse d'un alliage Aluminium/Magnésium
  • 10 à 30% en masse de Magnésium tamisé (granulomètrie fine, par exemple inférieure à 300 microns)
    • We could for example adopt a first pyrotechnic composition comprising:
  • 30 to 50% by mass of Barium Nitrate,
  • 10 to 30% by mass of Barium Chlorate.
  • 10 to 30% by mass of an Aluminum / Magnesium alloy
  • 10 to 30% by mass of sieved Magnesium (fine particle size, for example less than 300 microns)

    • Une charge intermédiaire comprenant 30% à 70% en masse de cette composition mélangé à 70% à 30% en masse d'Hexal est particulièrement bien adaptée pour initier un explosif de type Hexal.An intermediate charge comprising 30% to 70% by mass of this composition mixed with 70% to 30% by mass of Hexal is particularly well suited for initiating an explosive Hexal type.

    La charge intermédiaire pourra être mise en place par coulée ou compression. Elle remplira la cavité axiale 8 du chargement explosif.The intermediate load can be set up by casting or compression. It will fill the axial cavity 8 of the explosive charge.

    Une telle disposition permet d'accroítre la surface de contact entre la charge 9 et le chargement 7 ce qui améliore l'initiation de ce dernier par la charge intermédiaire 9.Such an arrangement makes it possible to increase the surface of contact between load 9 and load 7 which improves the initiation of the latter by the intermediate load 9.

    La charge intermédiaire 9 comporte un trou axial 10 qui est disposé en regard du moyen d'amorçage 4 et qui présente ici sensiblement le même diamètre que la cavité 8.The intermediate load 9 has an axial hole 10 which is arranged opposite the initiating means 4 and which has here substantially the same diameter as the cavity 8.

    Ce trou 10 pourra par exemple être obtenu lors de la compression de la charge intermédiaire 9 au moyen d'un poinçon de forme particulière.This hole 10 could for example be obtained during the compression of the intermediate load 9 by means of a punch of particular shape.

    La fonction de ce trou est d'accroítre la surface de la charge 9 qui sera soumise au plasma engendré par le moyen d'amorçage.The function of this hole is to increase the surface of the charge 9 which will be subjected to the plasma generated by the means priming.

    On améliore ainsi l'allumage de la charge 9 tout en diminuant le temps nécessaire pour réaliser cet allumage.This improves the ignition of the load 9 while reducing the time required to achieve this ignition.

    Il est possible à titre de variante de donner un diamètre différent au trou 10 et à la cavité 8. On jouera ainsi sur le diamètre et/ou la profondeur du trou 10 pour régler le retard d'initiation de la charge intermédiaire 9. On pourrait également aménager plusieurs trous 10.It is possible as a variant to give a diameter different to hole 10 and to cavity 8. We will play on the diameter and / or depth of the hole 10 to adjust the intermediate charge initiation delay 9. On could also arrange several holes 10.

    La hauteur et le diamètre du trou 10 seront compris habituellement entre la moitié et le sixième du diamètre de l'alésage 2a du corps 2.The height and diameter of hole 10 will be included usually between half and one sixth of the diameter of the bore 2a of the body 2.

    Il sera également possible d'adapter une charge intermédiaire 9 donnée à un chargement explosif 7 donné en jouant sur le diamètre et/ou la profondeur de la cavité 8. On pourrait également aménager plusieurs cavités 8. It will also be possible to adapt an intermediate load 9 given to an explosive charge 7 given while playing on the diameter and / or depth of the cavity 8. We could also accommodate several cavities 8.

    Un écran 11 réalisé en matériau combustible est placé sur la charge intermédiaire 9. Cet écran pourra par exemple être réalisé en nitrofilm, nitrocellulose, propergol ou papier craft.A screen 11 made of combustible material is placed on the intermediate load 9. This screen may for example be made of nitrofilm, nitrocellulose, propellant or craft paper.

    L'écran est maintenu pincé entre la face inférieure 13 du moyen d'amorçage 4 et un épaulement 12 du corps 2.The screen is kept pinched between the underside 13 of the priming means 4 and a shoulder 12 of the body 2.

    Il présente une zone centrale concave 14 qui pénètre dans le trou axial 10 de la charge intermédiaire 9.It has a concave central zone 14 which penetrates into the axial hole 10 of the intermediate load 9.

    Cet écran isole la charge intermédiaire 9 du moyen d'amorçage 4. Il permet d'assurer un confinement temporaire qui assure une montée en pression du plasma (gaz chauds et particules incandescentes) issu du moyen d'initiation 4.This screen isolates the intermediate load 9 from the means boot 4. It provides temporary containment which increases the plasma pressure (hot gases and glowing particles) from the initiation means 4.

    Lorsque la pression et l'effet calorifique sont suffisants, le plasma traverse l'écran et vient en contact avec la charge intermédiaire 9. Cette action de l'écran permet d'améliorer l'allumage de la charge intermédiaire, on accroit ainsi la fiabilité de cet allumage et la reproductibilité de l'instant d'allumage d'un projectile à l'autre.When the pressure and heat effect are sufficient, the plasma crosses the screen and comes into contact with intermediate load 9. This screen action improves the ignition of the intermediate charge, thus increases the reliability of this ignition and reproducibility from the moment of ignition of a projectile to another.

    On choisira de préférence une épaisseur d'écran comprise entre 0,05 et 0,3mm.We will preferably choose a screen thickness included between 0.05 and 0.3mm.

    De par l'isolement qu'il procure, l'écran 11 améliore aussi la sécurité du projectile en empêchant tout contact entre des particules détachées de la charge intermédiaire 9 et le moyen d'amorçage 4 (particules pouvant se détacher comme suite aux contraintes de stockage, transport et mise à poste du projectile).Due to the isolation it provides, the screen 11 improves also the security of the projectile by preventing any contact between particles detached from intermediate charge 9 and the priming means 4 (particles which can detach as a result of storage, transport and updating constraints projectile post).

    La forme concave particulière donnée à l'écran permet à celui ci d'assurer un maintien mécanique des particules de la charge 9 éventuellement détachées au niveau du trou 10.The particular concave shape given on the screen allows this to ensure mechanical maintenance of the particles of the load 9 possibly detached at the level of the hole 10.

    En couvrant sensiblement l'ensemble de la surface interne du trou 10, cette forme concave assure le confinement du plasma d'allumage à l'intérieur même de celui-ci.By covering substantially the entire internal surface of hole 10, this concave shape ensures the confinement of the ignition plasma inside of it.

    On réalise ainsi l'allumage de la charge 9 d'une façon homogène sur l'ensemble de la surface du trou ce qui augmente fiabilité et reproductibilité de l'allumage.The charging 9 is thus ignited in a way homogeneous over the entire surface of the hole which increases reliability and reproducibility of ignition.

    La figure 2 représente un autre mode de réalisation d'un projectile selon l'invention. FIG. 2 represents another embodiment of a projectile according to the invention.

    Ce mode diffère du précédent en ce que le trou 10 est complètement rempli d'une deuxième composition pyrotechnique 15 disposée en vrac.This mode differs from the previous one in that the hole 10 is completely filled with a second pyrotechnic composition 15 arranged in bulk.

    Cette composition pyrotechnique 15 est choisie avec une formulation identique à celle de la charge intermédiaire 9.This pyrotechnic composition 15 is chosen with a identical formulation to that of the intermediate charge 9.

    Une telle disposition permet d'augmenter la surface de contact entre le plasma engendré par le moyen d'amorçage et la deuxième composition pyrotechnique, ce qui permet d'obtenir un délai d'allumage de la charge intermédiaire 9 encore plus bref.Such an arrangement makes it possible to increase the surface of contact between the plasma generated by the initiating means and the second pyrotechnic composition, which allows to obtain an intermediate load 9 delay even shorter.

    La mise en place d'une composition 15 en vrac à l'intérieur du trou 10 permet de favoriser la formation du plasma d'allumage.The establishment of a composition 15 in bulk to the interior of the hole 10 makes it possible to promote the formation of the ignition plasma.

    De plus on augmente ainsi le nombre de particules chaudes (grains d'aluminium de la composition 15) qui viennent impacter la surface interne du trou 10. La multiplication des impacts incandescents sur la charge intermédiaire 9 améliore l'allumage de cette dernière.In addition, the number of hot particles is thus increased. (aluminum grains of composition 15) which come impact the internal surface of hole 10. Multiplication incandescent impacts on the intermediate load 9 improves the ignition of the latter.

    Dans ce mode de réalisation, l'écran 11 a la forme d'un disque plan pincé entre la face inférieure 13 du moyen d'amorçage 4 et l'épaulement 12 du corps 2.In this embodiment, the screen 11 has the shape of a flat disc pinched between the lower face 13 of the means priming 4 and the shoulder 12 of the body 2.

    Il assure comme précédemment le confinement du plasma issu du moyen d'amorçage et il empêche également tout contact entre les particules de la deuxième composition 15 et le moyen d'amorçage 4.As before, it ensures the confinement of the plasma from the priming means and it also prevents any contact between the particles of the second composition 15 and the priming means 4.

    A titre de variante il est possible de choisir pour réaliser la deuxième composition 15 une autre formulation que celle du chargement intermédiaire 9. Par exemple une composition plus ou moins sensible à la flamme. Il est ainsi possible de régler précisément l'instant d'allumage de la charge intermédiaire.As a variant it is possible to choose for make the second composition 15 another formulation than that of the intermediate load 9. For example a composition more or less sensitive to flame. It is so possible to precisely set the ignition time of the intermediate load.

    Il est possible également de remplir partiellement le trou 10 avec cette composition. On utilisera alors un écran présentant une zone centrale concave afin d'assurer avec celui-ci le maintien de la deuxième composition 15.It is also possible to partially fill the hole 10 with this composition. We will then use a screen having a concave central area to ensure with the latter maintaining the second composition 15.

    Il est possible enfin de modifier la sensibilité de la deuxième composition 15 en la tassant légèrement. It is finally possible to modify the sensitivity of the second composition 15 by compacting it slightly.

    A titre de variante de l'invention il est possible de mettre en place toute la charge 9 en vrac ou légèrement tassée. Elle remplira alors la cavité 8 comme décrit précédemment et sera maintenue par un écran plan comme celui représenté figure 2.As a variant of the invention it is possible to set up the whole load 9 in bulk or slightly packed. It will then fill the cavity 8 as described previously and will be maintained by a flat screen like this shown in Figure 2.

    Une telle variante permet de simplifier les opérations de chargement. Le recours au vrac permet d'accroítre la surface de contact du plasma d'amorçage avec la charge intermédiaire.Such a variant makes it possible to simplify the operations of loading. The use of bulk allows to increase the surface contact of the initiating plasma with the intermediate charge.

    L'invention peut aussi être mise en oeuvre lorsque le moyen d'amorçage est de nature différente, par exemple lorsqu'il est constitué par une fusée mécanique ou électronique comportant une amorce assurant une mise à feu par effet thermique (génération d'un plasma chaud). On assure alors une initiation de l'explosif de chargement en régime détonant à partir d'un effet thermique déflagrant fourni par le moyen d'amorçage comme indiqué précédemment.The invention can also be implemented when the means of initiation is of a different nature, for example when it is constituted by a mechanical rocket or electronic device comprising a primer ensuring ignition by thermal effect (generation of a hot plasma). We then ensures initiation of the loading explosive in detonating regime from a thermal explosion effect supplied by the priming means as indicated above.

    Claims (22)

    1. An explosive projectile (1), notably a medium calibre projectile, comprising a splinter-generating body (2) inside which an explosive load and/or incendiary load (7) is/are placed ignited by a priming means (4), characterised in that it comprises an intermediate charge (9) positioned between the priming means (4) and the explosive load (7) formed of a mixture of an explosive and a first pyrotechnic composition associating at least one oxidising agent and one reducing agent.
    2. A projectile according to Claim 1, characterised in that the intermediate charge (9) comprises a homogeneous mixture of 20% to 70% in the aggregate of the first pyrotechnic composition and 80% to 30% in the aggregate of explosive.
    3. A projectile according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the explosive of the intermediate charge (9) comprises a secondary explosive associated with a metallic powder.
    4. A projectile according to Claim 3, characterised in that the explosive of the intermediate charge (9) comprises 70% to 90% in the aggregate of secondary explosive, 10% to 30% of metallic powder, 0% to 3% of binder.
    5. A projectile according to Claim 4, characterised in that the secondary explosive of the intermediate charge (9) is selected from among the following compounds : hexogen, octogen.
    6. A projectile according to one of Claims 4 or 5, characterised in that the metallic powder is preferably an aluminium powder with a size grading of between 300 and 500 micrometers.
    7. A projectile according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the first pyrotechnic composition of the intermediate charge (9) comprises 40% to 80% in the aggregate of oxidising agent and 60% to 20% in the aggregate of reducing agent.
    8. A projectile according to Claim 7, characterised in that the oxidising agent will be selected from among the following compounds or a mixture of them : barium nitrate, potassium nitrate, barium chlorate, potassium perchlorate, barium perchlorate, barium peroxide.
    9. A projectile according to one of Claims 7 or 8, characterised in that the reducing agent will be selected from among the following compounds, a mixture of them or or their intermetallic alloys : aluminium powder, magnesium powder, uranium powder, silicon powder.
    10. A projectile according to one of Claims 7 to 9, characterised in that the first pyrotechnic composition of the intermediate charge (9) comprises :
      30% to 50% in the aggregate of barium nitrate,
      10% to 30% in the aggregate of barium chlorate,
      10% to 30% in the aggregate of an aluminium/magnesium alloy,
      10% to 30% in the aggregate of strained magnesium (fine size grading, for example less than 300 microns).
    11. A projectile according to Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the explosive load (7) comprises at least one axial cavity (8) in which the intermediate charge (9) penetrates, a cavity designed to increase the surface contact between the explosive load (7) and the intermediate charge (9).
    12. A projectile according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the intermediate charge (9) is placed loose or lightly packed.
    13. A projectile according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the intermediate charge (9) is cast or compressed and comprises at least one axial hole (10) placed facing the priming means (4).
    14. A projectile according to Claim 13, characterised in that a second pyrotechnic composition (15) is placed in the axial hole or holes (10) in the intermediate charge (9).
    15. A projectile according to Claim 14, characterised in that the second pyrotechnic composition (15) is placed loose or very lightly packed in the axial hole or holes (10).
    16. A projectile according to one of Claims 14 or 15, characterised in that the second pyrotechnic composition (15) has the same formula as the intermediate charge (9).
    17. A projectile according to one of Claims 1 to 16, characterised in that a barrier (11) made of a combustible material is set between the priming means (4) and the intermediate charge (9).
    18. A projectile according to Claim 17, characterised in that the barrier is between 0.05 and 0.3mm thick and is made of nitrofilm, propergol or kraft paper.
    19. A projectile according to one of Claims 17 or 18, characterised in that the barrier (11) is disc-shaped.
    20. A projectile according to one of Claims 17 or 18, characterised in that the barrier (11) has at least one concave area penetrating at least partially in the axial hole or holes (10) of the intermediate charge (9).
    21. A projectile according to one of Claims 1 to 20, characterised in that the splinter-generating body (2) undergoes a structural treatment promoting the formation of splinters, for example tempering, electron bombardment or laser spot-heating.
    22. A projectile according to one of Claims 1 to 21, characterised in that the priming means (4) are composed of a pyrotechnic fuze comprising at least one incendiary composition (5a, 5b) placed in an deformable nose cone (6).
    EP95401646A 1994-07-22 1995-07-07 Explosive projectile Expired - Lifetime EP0694755B1 (en)

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    FR9409081A FR2722876B1 (en) 1994-07-22 1994-07-22 EXPLOSIVE PROJECTILE
    FR9409081 1994-07-22

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    EP0694755B1 true EP0694755B1 (en) 1999-09-15

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    AT (1) ATE184697T1 (en)
    DE (1) DE69512158T2 (en)
    ES (1) ES2138166T3 (en)
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    DE3707694A1 (en) * 1987-03-11 1988-09-29 Dynamit Nobel Ag ELECTRICALLY APPLICABLE SETS FOR SLEEVELESS AMMUNITION AND DRIVING CARTRIDGES
    FR2647541B1 (en) * 1989-05-26 1994-03-25 Thomson Brandt Armements AMMUNITION FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF A FIRE MIXTURE
    FR2664970B1 (en) * 1990-07-17 1992-09-25 Manurhin Defense PROJECTILE HAVING A DESTRUCTIVE IMPACT EXPLOSING.
    FR2678262B1 (en) * 1991-06-26 1993-12-10 Poudres Explosifs Ste Nale LITTLE VULNERABLE ELEMENT OF EXPLOSIVE AMMUNITION COMPRISING A BI-COMPOSITION EXPLOSIVE LOADING AND METHOD FOR OBTAINING A SHARD EFFECT.
    FR2693721B1 (en) * 1992-07-20 1994-10-21 Ncs Pyrotechnie Technologies Priming charge with annular percussion and its manufacturing process.

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    US5652408A (en) 1997-07-29
    DE69512158D1 (en) 1999-10-21
    ES2138166T3 (en) 2000-01-01
    DE69512158T2 (en) 2000-01-20
    ATE184697T1 (en) 1999-10-15
    EP0694755A1 (en) 1996-01-31
    FR2722876B1 (en) 1996-09-13
    FR2722876A1 (en) 1996-01-26

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