RU2252392C1 - Fragmentation ammunition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ammunition of fragmentation action.

SUBSTANCE: the ammunition has a body and a blasting charge, which is separated in height by a diaphragm into two equal parts, the thickness of the steel diaphragm δ and the thickness of ammunition body wall δ₀ are interconnected by the following relation: δ ≈ (0.5 -2.5)δ₀.

EFFECT: enhanced quantity of fragments and improved their shape.

5 dwg, 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to fragmentation ammunition and can be used to increase the power of their action.

The power of fragmentation of ammunition is largely determined by the parameters of the fragmentation field, one of the most important of which is the number of fragments and their shape. These parameters are determined by the crushing intensity of the shell during the explosion in the axial and tangential directions.

Known fragmentation ammunition, the main elements of which are the body and the explosive charge [1].

As a prototype of the selected well-known fragmentation munitions of the traditional structural scheme [2] (figure 1). It includes a housing (1) and an explosive charge (2).

A disadvantage of the known fragmentation ordnance is the irrational use of the shell metal due to the formation of the so-called “saber”, fragments with a large elongation and a length almost equal to the length of the shell due to the explosion. Their mass can be more than 100 grams [2]. This is especially pronounced for fragmentation munitions, the case of which is made of steel, prone to shear destruction. Improving the physical and energy characteristics of explosive explosive charge can not always provide the desired technical result.

The technical result is to increase the number of fragments and improve their shape by increasing the intensity of crushing the body in the axial direction without increasing the physical and energy characteristics of the explosive explosive charge.

To achieve the specified technical result in the well-known fragmentation munition, including the body and the explosive charge, the explosive charge is divided in height by a steel diaphragm into two equal parts. The thickness of the steel diaphragm is determined experimentally and, depending on the characteristics of the explosive explosive charge is

where δ ₀ is the wall thickness of the munition shell.

Figure 2 presents the inventive fragmentation munition. Figure 3 presents the layout corresponding to the prototype. Figure 4 presents the layout corresponding to the claimed fragmentation ammunition. On figa and figb presents fragments of the mock prototype models and the proposed fragmentation munitions, respectively.

The inventive fragmentation munition (figure 2) includes a housing (1) and an explosive charge, divided in height into two equal parts (2) and (3) with a steel diaphragm (4).

When initiating a bursting charge of the claimed fragmentation munition detonates in the first place part (2) of the bursting charge. The initiation of the bursting part (3) is carried out with some delay by the shock wave formed in the steel diaphragm (4) upon detonation of the bursting part (2). As a result of this, the parameters of the shock-wave loading of the body wall portion located in the area of the steel diaphragm differ significantly from the parameters of the shock-wave loading of the body wall portions located both above and below the steel diaphragm.

This ensures the condition of uneven application of load along the length of the shell of the munition. This leads to an increase in the crushing intensity of the housing (1) in the axial direction. The consequence of this is an increase in the number of fragments and an improvement in their shape.

The minimum value of the thickness δ of the steel diaphragm should be sufficient to ensure the conditions for the non-uniform application of shock-wave loading along the length of the shell of the munition. Otherwise, the desired technical result will not be achieved.

The maximum value of the thickness δ of the steel diaphragm is limited, firstly, by the condition of rational use of the metal, since the steel diaphragm is not involved in the formation of a fragmentation field. Secondly, it is possible to decrease the amplitude of the shock wave in the diaphragm metal to critical values with an increase in its thickness. The consequence of this will be the large length of the section of unsteady detonation of part (3) of the explosive charge (figure 2), which is characterized by low parameters of explosive loading of the housing [3]. As a result of this, the intensity of explosive destruction of a part of the body located below the steel diaphragm can sharply decrease [4]. In this case, the technical result opposite to the desired will be achieved.

Thus, with thickness values δ of the steel diaphragm in the range of 2.55δ ₀ <δ <0.5δ _{0, the} desired technical result will not be achieved.

The implementation of the claimed fragmentation ammunition was carried out on mock-ups. The layout (figure 3) includes a housing (1), a bursting charge (2), a threaded cover (3). The body of the layout was made of steel 45. The geometric characteristics of the layout are presented in table. 1.

Table 1
Layout geometry No. p / p Characteristic Value 1. Caliber mm 42 2. Case height mm 150 3. Cover and bottom thickness, mm fifteen 4. Case wall thickness, mm 6 5. The diameter of the bursting charge, mm thirty

The explosive charge of fragmentation mock-ups is made of pressed trotyl (density - 1560 kg / m ³ ; detonation speed - 6700 m / s).

The tests were carried out on two versions of the samples:

1. The option corresponding to the prototype (figure 3). The bursting mass was 0.1305 kg.

2. Option corresponding to the claimed fragmentation munitions (Fig 4). Parts (2) and (4) of the explosive charge are separated by a steel diaphragm (3) with a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 10 mm. The bursting mass was 0.1189 kg.

The tests were carried out according to the combined scheme [4]. As a trapping medium, sawdust was used. The following fragmentation parameters were evaluated:

- the number of fragments with a mass of more than 0.25 g. - N _0.25 ;

- the average mass of fragments - m _cp ;

- average elongation of fragments - λcp;

- maximum speed of the expansion of fragments - V _max

The test results are presented in table. 2.

table 2
Test results No. N _0.25 m _cf V _max options PCS G λ _cf m / s 1 129 4.86 5.3 870 2 237 2.47 2,5 866

Fragments of the prototype mockup body and the proposed fragmentation munition are shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b, respectively.

From the presented test results it follows that the use of the inventive fragmentation munitions in TNT equipment allows to increase the number of fragments by 83% and to reduce their elongation by 53% relative to the prototype by increasing the intensity of crushing the body in the axial direction.

Sources of information

1. G.V. Ermakov, V.G. Orlov. The design and operation of artillery ammunition. - Penza: VAIU, 1968, 272 p.

2. V.S. Ablov, V.G. Orlov, P.P. Stepanov. Design, theory and calculation of shells and warheads. - Penza: VAIU, 1979, 503 p.

3. Baum F.A., Stanyukovich K.P., Shekhter B.I. Explosion physics. - M.: Fizmatgiz, 1959, 797 p.

4. Kuznetsov V.A. On the fragmentation of aircraft ammunition shells into fragments during an explosion: - Proceedings of the VVA named after Zhukovsky. 1956, no. 612, 198 p.

5. Pichugin A.K., Krasnov M.N., Kozlov G.V. A chamber for detonating fragmentation munitions. Application for invention. Copyright certificate No. 271445, 1987 (USSR).

Claims (1)

Fragmentation of munition, including a shell and an explosive charge, characterized in that the explosive charge is divided in height by a steel diaphragm into two equal parts, while the thickness of the steel diaphragm δ and the thickness of the wall of the munition shell δ ₀ are interconnected by the following ratio: δ≈ (0.5 -2.5) δ ₀ .

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