RU2137085C1 - Fragmentation-cluster shell - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fragmentation shells. SUBSTANCE: the shell has an explosive charge and a base fuze placed in the body with a front base. The base carries the case with a multilayer unit accommodating ready-made hitting members, mainly of hexahedral shape, and a tapered cap of the fairing. The cap riffles are located in longitudinal grooves on the case coaxial surface. The unit of ready-made hitting members rests on the body front base through a damper disk. Diaphragms are placed in the unit between the member layers. EFFECT: enhanced strength of shell and efficiency of hitting action. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to high-explosive fragmentation ammunition, characterized by a warhead, and more particularly to fragmentation shells, the shell or body of which contains many individual elements having an axial and circular field of destruction.

 A known design of a multipurpose fragmentation-beam projectile for a smoothbore tank gun having a bottom remote fuse and explosive charge (BB) in the body chamber, closed by a diaphragm resting on an annular ledge of the body and on which ready-made striking elements (GGE) are placed [1].

 The head cover of the housing is filled with low-density material, such as polyurethane foam. The diaphragm protects the explosive from exposure to the inertial load of the block of elements during firing.

 The bottom location of the fuse reduces the inert shielding mass located in front of the finished striking elements, and ensures the movement of the stream of fragments in the direction of flight of the projectile.

 The disadvantage of this fragmentation-beam projectile is that the diaphragm is not rigidly connected to the body and when detonating, the explosive compresses and deforms the damaging elements placed on it. This leads to a deterioration in the aerodynamic shape of the striking elements, an increase in the ballistic coefficient and a loss of energy for their compression, and as a result, it reduces the speed of throwing and increases the dispersion of the axial flow of elements, reducing the effectiveness of the main action of the ammunition.

 The noted drawback is eliminated in the design of ammunition, where the body is made with a front bottom, on which ready-made striking elements are laid [2, 3, 4].

 By the number of matching features and technical nature, the closest to the proposed fragmentation-beam projectile analogue is described in RF patent N 2018779, F 42 B 12/32, publ. 08/30/94 in bull. No. 16, the body of which, containing a bottom fuse with a detonator and an explosive charge, is made with a head bottom, where a sleeve is mounted that carries a multilayer block of ready-made hexagonal profile striking elements and connected with a conical cowl cover filled with low-density material.

 The case, the sleeve of the block of finished elements and the head cap are fastened sequentially according to the axial scheme.

 The disadvantage of the prototype is the low functional reliability due to unsatisfactory structural rigidity in the axial layout of the elements of the warhead, which does not provide a given sequence of crushing the shell, destruction of the liner and throwing the finished striking elements with the necessary parameters of speed and direction.

 During detonation of explosives, elements of different layers of the block have the possibility of relative axial movements, which leads to their deformation and jamming, which significantly changes the density of the damaging elements in the cone of their expansion during throwing, without ensuring the adequacy of the damage.

 The problem to which the present invention is directed, is to increase the functional reliability and effectiveness of the main action of fragmentation munitions.

 The required technical result is achieved by the fact that in a known fragmentation-beam projectile containing an explosive charge and a bottom fuse mounted in a housing with a front bottom, on which a sleeve with a multilayer block inside of densely laid ready-made striking elements, mainly a hexagonal profile, and conical a cowl cowl filled with a low-density material, according to the invention, riffles fixed to the cap body are placed in the longitudinal grooves of the mating surface coaxially second sleeve, the block ready submunitions which rests on the bottom of the front housing through the damper disc, and in the block elements are placed between the layers of the diaphragm, wherein a central opening of the sleeve formed faceted.

 The coaxial placement of the liner in the head cap mounted on the housing, on mating surfaces forms a dense package of a rigid structure, the strength of which exceeds bending shock loads when loading.

 The interconnection of the fixed cap by means of longitudinal grooves with the flanges of the coaxial sleeve excludes angular relative displacements of the block of elements during gyroscopic longitudinal stabilization of the projectile along the flight path, eliminating additional disturbances, which ensures the required firing accuracy.

 Installing a disk between the front bottom of the housing and the block of finished elements dampens the compressive effect of pressure in the front of the shock wave during detonation of explosives, while maintaining their geometric integrity and spatial distribution.

 Placing the diaphragms between the layers of elements in the sleeve block prevents the interpenetration of individual elements from different layers when firing and detonating a projectile. The interpenetration of the elements can lead to the destruction of the elements themselves, the sleeve and the head fairing, as a result of the blocking of the block of finished striking elements.

 The execution of the faceted longitudinal hole of the sleeve allows the multifaceted blocks of the finished elements to be tightly, gaplessly laid, while ensuring their relative radial immobility to increase the accuracy of shooting and the effectiveness of hitting the target.

 The set of essential features is necessary and sufficient to achieve the necessary technical result - to increase the functional reliability of the ammunition, guaranteed to ensure adequate fragmentation-beam action effectiveness, in accordance with the given tactical and technical requirements.

 The proposed invention is not known from the available sources of information of the prior art, from which it does not explicitly follow for a specialist ammunition, and is industrially applicable for the mass production of fragmentation-beam shells, that is, meets the criteria of patentability.

 The invention is illustrated by a specific example, which, however, is not the only possible, but clearly demonstrates the implementation of the achievement of a new set of essential features, which is stable in nature, creating the effect of the sum as a new technical result obtained when using the projectile according to the invention.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows:
in FIG. 1 - fragmentation-beam projectile;
in FIG. 2 is a section along AA in FIG. 1;
in FIG. 3 is a section along BB in FIG. 1.

 In case 1 of an artillery shell with a front bottom 2 filled with blasting explosive 3, a bottom fuse 4 and a head conical cap 5 — a ballistic fairing — are installed.

 In the cap 5, a mating sleeve 5 with blocks of finished striking elements 7 is installed. In the sleeve 6 there are longitudinal grooves 8 for guide flutes 9 extruded in the cap 5, which geometrically radially close the cap 5 and the sleeve 6 into a fixed connection.

 Elements 7 are made in the form of hexagonal rods (Fig. 2), tightly laid in the faceted central hole 10 of the sleeve 6 in layers (Fig. 1), between which are placed the diaphragm 11.

 The block of finished elements 7 is installed on the disk 12, which is adjacent to the bottom 2 of the housing 1.

 The cap 5 is filled with low-density material 13 and fixed by rolling on the housing 1.

 An example embodiment of the invention in an artillery shell of 30 mm The striking finished elements 7 are made of a tungsten hexagonal bar with a side of 4 mm, a length of 9 mm. In the hexagonal hole 10 of the sleeve 6 with a length of 45 mm, four layers of elements 7 are laid in the amount of 52 pieces. Between the layers of elements 7 placed diaphragm 11 with a thickness of 0.8 mm made of steel. The damper disk 12 is made of steel 4 mm thick. The filler material 13 is polyurethane foam.

 The proposed projectile operates as follows.

 The command for temporary installation before the shell rupture (flight time) is entered through the bottom receiver located in the explosive device 4, by contact or non-contact methods.

 After a predetermined time, the fuse 4 firing circuit fires, which initiates the main explosive charge 3. The targets are affected by the action of the GGE 7 and fragments of the shell 1.

 When the explosive charge 3 is detonated, the shell 1 of the projectile is crushed into fragments that fly apart in the radial direction at a speed of 1000 - 1400 m / s and form an annular fragmentation field of destruction.

 At the same time, the head fairing 5, the front bottom 2 and the sleeve 8 holding the GPZ 7 are destroyed. Under the influence of detonation products, the ГПЭ block 7 receives acceleration in the axial direction, and under the action of centrifugal forces, it also receives the radial component of the expansion, forming a circular plane field of destruction. This field moves in the direction of projectile flight and increases in radius.

скорости от воздействия продуктов детонации

и скорости от центробежного разлета

:

Угол разлета (φ) ГПЭ 7 определяется соотношением

При стрельбе на ударное действие в случае попадания в цель происходит контактное срабатывание и цель поражается осколками корпуса и фугасным действием ВВ. Блок ГПЭ в этом случае усиливает запреградное действие снаряда.The velocity of the GGE 7 is the velocity of the projectile at the moment of detonation

speed from the effects of detonation products

and speeds from centrifugal expansion

:

The expansion angle (φ) of GGE 7 is determined by the ratio

When firing on impact, in the event of hitting the target, contact operation occurs and the target is struck by fragments of the body and explosive action of explosives. The GPE block in this case reinforces the backward action of the projectile.

References:
1. V. A. Odintsov. "Axial action structures", MSTU im. N.E. Bauman, 1995, with. 7-9.

 2. U.S. Patent No. 4,882,996, F 42 B 13/18. publ. 11/28/89.

 3. The patent of Germany N 370377A1, F 42 B 13/18 from 02/07/87.

 4. RF patent N 2018779, F 42 B 12/32, publ. 08/30/94 in bull. N 16 is a prototype.

Claims (2)

 1. A fragmentation-beam projectile containing an explosive charge and a bottom fuse, mounted in a case with a front bottom, on which a sleeve with a multilayer block is installed inside of densely laid ready-made striking elements, mainly a hexagonal profile, and a conical cowl cover filled with low-density material, characterized in that the riffles of the cap fixed to the housing are located in the longitudinal grooves of the mating surface of the coaxial sleeve, the block of finished damaging elements of which is supported by the front bottom of the body through the damper disk, and in the block between the layers of elements placed aperture.  2. The fragmentation-beam projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening of the sleeve is faceted.

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