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EP0651591A2 - Système d'électrodes - Google Patents

Système d'électrodes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0651591A2
EP0651591A2 EP94202797A EP94202797A EP0651591A2 EP 0651591 A2 EP0651591 A2 EP 0651591A2 EP 94202797 A EP94202797 A EP 94202797A EP 94202797 A EP94202797 A EP 94202797A EP 0651591 A2 EP0651591 A2 EP 0651591A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
central
gas
melt
jacket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP94202797A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0651591A3 (fr
Inventor
Herbert Prof. Dr. Wilhelmi
Klaus Peters
Eberhard Prof. Dr. Steinmetz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Messer Griesheim GmbH
Original Assignee
Messer Griesheim GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Messer Griesheim GmbH filed Critical Messer Griesheim GmbH
Publication of EP0651591A2 publication Critical patent/EP0651591A2/fr
Publication of EP0651591A3 publication Critical patent/EP0651591A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/02—Details
    • H05B7/10—Mountings, supports, terminals or arrangements for feeding or guiding electrodes
    • H05B7/109—Feeding arrangements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0075—Treating in a ladle furnace, e.g. up-/reheating of molten steel within the ladle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/08—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces heated electrically, with or without any other source of heat
    • F27B3/085—Arc furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories or equipment, e.g. dust-collectors, specially adapted for hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/18—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • F27B3/183—Charging of arc furnaces vertically through the roof, e.g. in three points
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories or equipment, e.g. dust-collectors, specially adapted for hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/22—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/02—Details
    • H05B7/06—Electrodes
    • H05B7/08—Electrodes non-consumable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/18—Charging particulate material using a fluid carrier

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrode system for melting and stirring and for temperature control in metallurgical vessels.
  • the heat source is an arc between the central electrode and the melt. This can in particular also be operated below the bath surface. As a result of the submerged operating state, purging and heating can be achieved in one step with a gas feed.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide an electrode system for melting and stirring and for temperature control in metallurgical vessels, with which an optimal energy coupling can be achieved with minimal gas consumption and with which environmentally compatible processing of hazardous dusty residues is possible.
  • the under bath operation of the arc between the central electrode and the melt (metal or slag) in conjunction with a suitable gas metering achieves a very high level of energy coupling efficiency because the radiation of the arc on the furnace lining (walls and lid) is eliminated.
  • the hot arc gases heat up the feed and cool down significantly as they rise through the melt.
  • the furnace atmosphere is therefore not too hot, so that the metallurgical vessels above the surface of the molten bath do not need to be designed refrigerated.
  • the electrodes are made of graphite, the entire immersion lance system can be operated safely and reliably without additional cooling.
  • the graphite electrode materials do not react with the metal bath in the case of aluminum or copper melts.
  • the jacket electrode can be provided with a coating made of refractory material in order to reduce the unwanted carburization of the steel melt. If the melt should not come into contact with graphite, the melt-side end of the jacket electrode can be ceramic-coated on the outside and inside and the circuit is closed via the central electrode - melt - bottom electrode. In under-bath operation, a minimal gas consumption is required for melting and reheating the feed materials, which is achieved due to the elimination of the separate flushing gas and shorter homogenization times with suitable positioning of the electrodes. The gas requirement for Ar or N2 or reducing gas is only 50% compared to inflating systems.
  • granular goods in particular dusts
  • the annular space between the central and jacket electrodes Via the annular space between the central and jacket electrodes, granular goods, in particular dusts, can also be introduced directly into the interior of the melt with the blown-in gas, as a result of which uncontrolled material losses, for example into the slag or the exhaust gas system, are avoided.
  • the re-charging takes place in the hottest zone of the melt, so that the solid substances can be melted and dissolved more quickly.
  • the addition of mixtures ensures that components with a low boiling point, for example Pb and Zn, will largely evaporate.
  • the invention enables environmentally friendly processing even from dangerous, lumpy to dusty Residual materials, such as filter dusts from steelmaking and waste incineration or aluminum dross or residual materials from grinding companies, because the electrode compartment is closed, the residual materials are not introduced into the melt but are introduced into the melt and the hot metal bath makes the inorganic and organic pollutants harmless.
  • the electrode system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 consists of a central and jacket electrode 11, which are each suspended from a support column 13.
  • the electrode support arms 14, 15 can be moved together and individually via the height adjustment 12 and can thus be positioned independently of one another.
  • the two electrodes 10, 11 are connected to a power source 16, the power being supplied either via cable / busbar connections or via live electrode support arms.
  • a sensor system 31 which detects the respective electrode position is provided on the support column 13 and on the support arms 14, 15 for the controlled operation of the furnace.
  • the sensor system consists of a rack, which is mounted on the support column, and a gear potentiometer system per support arm. The linear movement of the support arms is converted into an electrical voltage via the rack-and-pinion potentiometer system, the voltage changing in proportion to the travel path.
  • absolute positions are recorded, so that a single calibration, for example during assembly, is sufficient to determine the position.
  • a metallurgical vessel 17 is arranged under the electrode system.
  • the metallurgical vessel 17 can be equipped with transport rollers 18, 19, by means of which it can be moved on rails 20, 21. It is also possible to design the support column 13 as a king pin, so that the components 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 23, 24, 29, 30 and 31 can be pivoted about the axis 1.
  • the central electrode 10 can be used alone if a bottom electrode with power supply is installed in the metallurgical vessel. If the bottom electrodes are not provided, the electrode system is lowered into the metallurgical vessel 17, so that during the homogenization phase the current-carrying central electrode 10 and the jacket electrode 11 are immersed under the surface of the melt 22 (FIG. 2).
  • Gas for example argon (Ar), nitrogen (N2) or optionally also reducing gases, flows through the annular space 23 formed between the central electrode 10 and the jacket electrode 11.
  • the gas flows from the side facing away from the melt 22 via the line 24 connected to a gas source 25 into the annular space 23 and from there into the arc burning between central electrodes 10 and the surface of the molten bath, which thereby heats the gases.
  • the hot gas 26 escapes below the jacket electrode 11 through the melt 22, releases this energy and uses it for homogenization Move.
  • Granular goods, in particular dusts can also be introduced directly into the interior of the melt 22 with the gas which is blown in, as a result of which material losses, for example into the slag or the exhaust gas system, are avoided.
  • a closed system is provided with the aid of a cover 28 which closes the metallurgical vessel 17.
  • the cover 28 bears against the outer area of the jacket electrode 11. Due to the very low gas consumption, the amount of exhaust gas generated is small.
  • a ring 29 is provided between the central and jacket electrodes 10, 11 above the gas supply. The seal 29 closes off the annular space 23 from the atmosphere.
  • the closed system can be connected to a disposal system, not shown, for the disposal of dangerous, dusty or gaseous residues.
  • the central electrode 10 in tubular form, so that a further gas channel 30 can be used.
  • a further gas channel 30 can be used.
  • the amount of gas in a variety should be kept as small as possible for cost reasons and the desired gas atmosphere should nevertheless be set in the area of the focal spot. This is the case, for example, with the reducing melting of fine-grained materials.
  • the reducing gas for example hydrogen (H2) or methane (CH4) is supplied.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
EP94202797A 1993-10-27 1994-09-27 Système d'électrodes. Withdrawn EP0651591A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4336628A DE4336628A1 (de) 1993-10-27 1993-10-27 Elektrodensystem
DE4336628 1993-10-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0651591A2 true EP0651591A2 (fr) 1995-05-03
EP0651591A3 EP0651591A3 (fr) 1995-08-23

Family

ID=6501123

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94202797A Withdrawn EP0651591A3 (fr) 1993-10-27 1994-09-27 Système d'électrodes.

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US5467366A (fr)
EP (1) EP0651591A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE4336628A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5673285A (en) * 1994-06-27 1997-09-30 Electro-Pyrolysis, Inc. Concentric electrode DC arc systems and their use in processing waste materials
US5539768A (en) * 1995-03-21 1996-07-23 Ltv Steel Company, Inc. Electric arc furnace electrode consumption analyzer
US5759229A (en) * 1996-07-29 1998-06-02 Feitler; David Method for recovering cobalt/manganese/bromine values from residue containing used catalyst
US6075806A (en) * 1998-12-23 2000-06-13 Electro-Pyrolysis Inc Coaxial electrode assembly having insulating spacers
GB2351297B (en) * 1999-06-21 2004-01-21 Vacmetal Gmbh Metallurgical treatment apparatus
US12087828B2 (en) * 2018-12-04 2024-09-10 Uchicago Argonne, Llc Electrodes for making nanocarbon-infused metals and alloys

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE404547C (de) * 1924-10-18 Metallbank & Metallurg Ges Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Betriebe von elektrischen OEfen mit Hohlelektrode
US3147331A (en) * 1960-05-14 1964-09-01 Goldschmidt Ag Th Electric shaft furnace
DE1758759B1 (de) * 1968-08-02 1970-08-27 Knapsack Ag Verfahren zum Einspeisen fester Rohstoffe durch eine Hohlelektrode
US4082914A (en) * 1973-05-14 1978-04-04 Nikolai Iosifovich Bortnichuk Method of stabilizing arc voltage in plasma arc furnace and apparatus for effecting same
SU510010A1 (ru) * 1973-05-14 1976-04-05 Предприятие П/Я Г-4696 Плазменно-дугова установка
US4039738A (en) * 1975-09-22 1977-08-02 Mikhail Davydovich Beskin Device for charging an electric arc furnace through its inner electrode pipe and permitting connection of additional lengths of pipes thereto
US4112246A (en) * 1976-10-20 1978-09-05 Viktor Iosifovich Lakomsky Plasmarc furnace for remelting metals and alloys
JPS5841939B2 (ja) * 1976-12-29 1983-09-16 大同特殊鋼株式会社 加熱装置及び加熱方法
DE3590837T1 (fr) * 1985-08-16 1987-07-16

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5467366A (en) 1995-11-14
DE4336628A1 (de) 1995-05-04
EP0651591A3 (fr) 1995-08-23

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