EP0336121B1 - Process for operating a cupola furnace - Google Patents
Process for operating a cupola furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0336121B1 EP0336121B1 EP89103823A EP89103823A EP0336121B1 EP 0336121 B1 EP0336121 B1 EP 0336121B1 EP 89103823 A EP89103823 A EP 89103823A EP 89103823 A EP89103823 A EP 89103823A EP 0336121 B1 EP0336121 B1 EP 0336121B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- carbon
- containing material
- cast iron
- furnace
- oxygen
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
- F27B1/20—Arrangements of devices for charging
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
- C21B11/02—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in low shaft furnaces or shaft furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/08—Manufacture of cast-iron
Definitions
- the production of cast iron in a cupola furnace is carried out in principle as follows: Depending on the desired cast iron quality (GGL 15, GGL 20, ..., GGG), the application type - iron material, coke, limestone - is put together in an appropriate quantity and entered into the cupola furnace. This insert sinks while heating in countercurrent to the furnace wind until the coke is burned, the metal has melted and slag is formed, in which case the melt and slag flow separately through the siphon. A certain type of cast iron is thus obtained, starting from a certain type.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of eliminating the above-described disadvantages of known modes of operation of cupola furnaces in an economical manner and, in particular, of designing flexible operation of a cupola furnace with little effort.
- This object is achieved in that a gas mixture consisting of air and oxygen with an arbitrarily adjustable oxygen content is used as the conveying gas stream for the dust-like, carbon-containing material to be supplied, which at the same time also ensures the additional oxygen supply to the cupola furnace.
- an additional carbon source is provided next to the coke, and the amount added can influence the carbon content of the cast iron formed.
- the invention also aims in particular to increasingly supply dust-like, carbon-containing material and to reduce the amount of coke, depending on the quantity supplied, by an amount equivalent to the amount of carbon available.
- By reducing the coke in a known manner e.g. according to the Jungblut network diagram, an increase in the melting capacity of the cupola furnace. It is therefore possible to produce cast iron of the same quality in larger quantities per unit of time with a lower proportion of coke in the batch while supplying dust.
- Carbon-containing materials are to be understood as differences with regard to the grain size, the carbon content and the proportion of volatile constituents of the carbon-containing materials, but it can also refer to the basic choice of materials.
- Possible materials are, for example, coal dust based on anthracite and synthetic carbon, such as dust of the Ranco type or electrode graphite.
- Coarse-grained carbonaceous material about 0.5 to 1 mm, provides more carburization than fine-grained material, which sometimes also acts as a fuel. Similar consequences result from a high or low carbon content of the carbonaceous material, which is in strong or weaker Carburization affects.
- synthetic carbon materials a precise selection of the material according to the desired properties is possible.
- the microbial content of the melt is taken as the target variable for the addition of the dusty, carbon-containing material. Due to the germ cells in the melt caused by portions of the dust-like material, the solidification form of the cast iron is influenced and there is a different machinability of the resulting cast iron on the basis of a structural change. A high germ cell density leads to a fine carbon distribution in the cast iron, which results in a finer structure and better machinability.
- alloying elements and / or other additives can also be added to the cast iron in a particularly simple manner, in which they are also supplied in a dusty form together with the carbon-containing material.
- a cupola furnace with a melting capacity of 5 t / h is operated in the known operating mode with an insert consisting of approximately 83% iron material, 13% coke and 4% limestone as a percentage of the total type.
- the dust-like, carbon-containing material maintains a sufficient supply of carbon which would otherwise not have been available after the coke was reduced.
- the adjustability of the addition of the dusty, carbon-containing material there is in particular a possibility at hand to change the resulting cast iron quality quickly and easily.
- the lowering of the temperature prevailing in the melting zone which has an unfavorable influence on the carbon absorption of the cast iron and which results from the reduced use of coke, can be prevented by said addition of oxygen and consequently better combustion conditions.
- the same cast iron quality can be produced with an even lower use of coke or cast iron with a higher carbon content, in particular also GGG cast iron, can be produced with the same coke insert.
- coal dust and oxygen Due to the combined addition of coal dust and oxygen according to the invention, namely in such a way that a mixture consisting of air and oxygen is used as the carrier medium for the pneumatic conveyance of the dusty, carbon-containing material, the process in question can be optimally adjusted by setting the appropriate amount of coal dust and the appropriate proportion of oxygen in the carrier medium can be controlled.
- composition of the iron material to be used to increase the proportions of the cost-reducing raw materials, e.g. to use more steel scrap instead of pig iron.
- the method according to the invention thus represents a highly flexible operating method for cupola furnaces with which, on the one hand, a wide variety of cast iron types can be produced and, on the other hand, performance increases and savings can also be achieved.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kupolofens zur Erzeugung von Gußeisen in verschiedenen Sorten mit unterschiedlichen Kohlenstoffgehalten, bei dem
- eine Einsatzgattierung im wesentlichen bestehend aus Eisen, Koks und Kalkstein in den Kupolofen eingeführt wird,
- kohlenstoffhaltiges Material in staubförmiger Form und in einer vom Kohlenstoffgehalt der zu erzeugenden Gußeisensorte abhängigen Menge im Zufuhrbereich des Ofenwindes mit Hilfe eines Gasstroms in den Kupolofen eingebracht wird,
- an insert type consisting essentially of iron, coke and limestone is introduced into the cupola furnace,
- carbon-containing material in the form of a dust and in an amount dependent on the carbon content of the cast iron type to be produced is introduced into the cupola furnace in the feed region of the furnace wind using a gas stream,
Die Herstellung von Gußeisen in einem Kupolofen erfolgt prinzipiell wie folgt: Je nach gewünschter Gußeisenqualität (GGL 15, GGL 20, ..., GGG) wird die Einsatzgattierung - Eisenmaterial, Koks, Kalkstein - in entsprechender Menge zusammengestellt und in den Kupolofen eingegeben. Dieser Einsatz sinkt unter Erwärmung im Gegenstrom zum Ofenwind abwärts, bis der Koks verbrannt, das Metall geschmolzen und Schlacke gebildet ist, wobei dann Schmelze und Schlacke über den Siphon getrennt abfließen. Man erhält so ausgehend von einer bestimmten Gattierung eine bestimmte Gußeisensorte.The production of cast iron in a cupola furnace is carried out in principle as follows: Depending on the desired cast iron quality (GGL 15, GGL 20, ..., GGG), the application type - iron material, coke, limestone - is put together in an appropriate quantity and entered into the cupola furnace. This insert sinks while heating in countercurrent to the furnace wind until the coke is burned, the metal has melted and slag is formed, in which case the melt and slag flow separately through the siphon. A certain type of cast iron is thus obtained, starting from a certain type.
Zur Erzeugung einer anderen Gußeisensorte muß - im Standardfall - eine andere Gattierung gewählt werden, woraus folgt, daß die Umstellung auf eine andere Gußeisensorte nicht kurzfristig vollzogen werden kann und eine größere Menge Übergangseisen entsteht.In order to produce a different cast iron grade - in the standard case - a different type must be selected, which means that the switch to another cast iron grade cannot be carried out in the short term and a larger amount of transition iron is created.
Darüber hinausgehend ist aus dem Artikel "Gleichzeitiges Einblasen von Sauerstoff und Kohlenstaub in den Kupolofen" aus Giesserei 75, Nr.1, Jan.1988, ein weiter entwickeltes Verfahren für einen Kupolofenbetrieb bekannt, bei dem Gußeisen in verschiedenen Sorten mit unterschiedlichen Kohlenstoffgehalten aus gleichartigen Einsätzen herstellbar ist und gemäß dem im Zufuhrbereich des Ofenwindes mit Hilfe eines Gasstroms kohlenstoffhaltiges Material in staubförmiger Form und unter Verminderung des Kokseinsatzes in den Kupolofen eingebracht wird. Dabei wird außerdem zusätzlich Sauerstoff mit dem Ofenwind in den Kupolofen eingeleitet, wodurch ein relativ komplexes Verfahren mit Transportgas-, Ofenwind- und Sauerstoffgaszufuhr entsteht.In addition, from the article "Simultaneous blowing of oxygen and coal dust into the cupola furnace" from Giesserei 75, No. 1, Jan.1988, a further developed method for a cupola furnace operation is known, in which cast iron in different types with different carbon contents from similar uses is producible and is introduced into the cupola furnace according to the fact that in the feed area of the furnace wind with the help of a gas stream carbon-containing material in dust form and with a reduction in the use of coke. In addition, oxygen is additionally introduced into the cupola furnace with the furnace wind, which results in a relatively complex process with transport gas, furnace wind and oxygen gas supply.
Außer dem qualitativen Kriterium ist generell die Verringerung des Koksbedarfs beim Betreiben eines Kupolofens wünschenswert, z.B. auch um die störende Schwefelaufnahme im Eisen zu minimieren. Außerdem führt dies zu Kosteneinsparungen und zu größerer Schmelzleistung des Ofens. Eine Koksreduzierung ist aber aufgrund der dann geringeren Eisentemperatur und damit in Zusammmenhang stehender, geringerer Kohlenstoffaufnahme des Eisens nicht ohne andere, ausgleichende Maßnahmen durchführbar (siehe vorheriger Abstatz).In addition to the qualitative criterion, it is generally desirable to reduce the coke requirement when operating a cupola, e.g. also to minimize the disruptive sulfur absorption in iron. This also leads to cost savings and greater melting performance of the furnace. However, due to the then lower iron temperature and the associated lower carbon absorption of iron, coke reduction cannot be carried out without other compensatory measures (see previous paragraph).
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, die oben beschriebenen Nachteile von bekannten Betriebsweisen von Kupolöfen in ökonomischer Weise zu beseitigen, und insbesondere aufwandsarm einen flexiblen Betrieb eines Kupolofens zu gestalten.The present invention is therefore based on the object of eliminating the above-described disadvantages of known modes of operation of cupola furnaces in an economical manner and, in particular, of designing flexible operation of a cupola furnace with little effort.
Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß als Fördergasstrom für das zuzuführende, staubförmige, kohlenstoffhaltige Material ein aus Luft und Sauerstoff bestehendes Gasgemisch mit beliebig einstellbarem Sauerstoffgehalt verwendet wird, das gleichzeitig auch die zusätzliche Sauerstoffzufuhr zum Kupolofen gewährleistet.This object is achieved in that a gas mixture consisting of air and oxygen with an arbitrarily adjustable oxygen content is used as the conveying gas stream for the dust-like, carbon-containing material to be supplied, which at the same time also ensures the additional oxygen supply to the cupola furnace.
Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen des beanspruchten Verfahrens werden in den abhängigen Ansprüchen 2-7 offenbart.Preferred embodiments of the claimed method are disclosed in dependent claims 2-7.
Durch Zugabe von staubförmigem, kohlenstoffhaltigem Material wird eine zusätzliche Kohlenstoffquelle neben dem Satzkoks bereitgestellt, und es kann über die Zugabemenge Einfluß auf den Kohlenstoffgehalt des entstehenden Gußeisens genommen werden. Dabei gilt,
daß der Kohlenstoffgehalt des zu erzeugenden Gußeisens umso höher wird, je größer die Menge an eingeführtem kohlenstoffhaltigem Material pro Zeiteinheit ist.By adding dusty, carbonaceous material, an additional carbon source is provided next to the coke, and the amount added can influence the carbon content of the cast iron formed. The following applies
that the carbon content of the cast iron to be produced increases, the greater the amount of carbonaceous material introduced per unit of time.
Die Erfindung zielt insbesondere auch darauf ab, daß vermehrt staubförmiges, kohlenstoffhaltiges Material zugeführt wird und der Satzkoks in Abhängigkeit von dieser zugeführten Menge um eine bezüglich des Kohlenstoffangebots äquivalente Menge reduziert wird. Das heißt, daß zur Erzeugung einer bestimmten Gußeisensorte bevorzugt mit einer größeren Staubzugabe und einer geringeren Menge an Satzkoks gearbeitet wird als umgekehrt. Es ist möglich, kohlenstoffhaltiges Material bis etwa zu einem Verhältnis von 1 : 4 von kohlenstoffhaltigem Material zu Koks in den Kupolofen einzuführen. Durch die Verringerung des Satzkokes ergibt sich in bekannter Weise, z.B. laut Netzdiagramm nach Jungblut, eine Erhöhung der Schmelzleistung des Kupolofens. Man kann also mit geringerem Satzkoksanteil unter Staubzufuhr Gußeisen gleicher Qualität in größerer Menge pro Zeiteinheit herstellen.The invention also aims in particular to increasingly supply dust-like, carbon-containing material and to reduce the amount of coke, depending on the quantity supplied, by an amount equivalent to the amount of carbon available. This means that to produce a certain type of cast iron, preference is given to using a larger amount of dust and a smaller amount of coke than vice versa. It is possible to introduce carbonaceous material up to about a 1: 4 ratio of carbonaceous material to coke in the cupola. By reducing the coke in a known manner, e.g. according to the Jungblut network diagram, an increase in the melting capacity of the cupola furnace. It is therefore possible to produce cast iron of the same quality in larger quantities per unit of time with a lower proportion of coke in the batch while supplying dust.
Erfindungsgemäß wird das staubförmige, kohlenstoffhaltige Material in den Kupolofen mit einem aus Luft und Sauerstoff bestehenden Gasgemisch mit beliebig einstellbarem Sauerstoffgehalt eingeblasen. Damit kann-im Vergleich zum Einblasen z.B. mit Luft-auch noch Einfluß auf die Temperatur im Ofen genommen werden, die mit dem Sauerstoffangebot im Ofen in Zusammenhang steht und die mit höherem Sauerstoff-Angebot gesteigert werden kann.According to the dust-like, carbonaceous material in the cupola with blown into a gas mixture consisting of air and oxygen with an arbitrarily adjustable oxygen content. Compared to blowing in air, for example, this can also influence the temperature in the furnace, which is related to the oxygen supply in the furnace and which can be increased with a higher oxygen supply.
Unter qualitativ unterschiedlichen kohlenstoffhaltigen Materialien sind Unterschiede in Bezug auf die Körnung, den Kohlenstoffgehalt und den Anteil flüchtiger Bestandteile der kohlenstoffhaltigen Materialien zu verstehen, es kann sich aber auch auf die grundsätzliche Materialwahl beziehen. Mögliche Materialien sind zum Beispiel Kohlenstäube auf Anthrazitbasis und synthetische Kohlen, wie z.B. Staub vom Typ Ranco oder Elektrodengraphit. Mit grobkörnigem kohlenstoffhaltigem Material, etwa 0,5 bis 1 mm, wird eine stärke Aufkohlung erreicht als mit feinkörnigem Material, das teilweise auch als Brennstoff wirkt. Ähnliche Konsequenzen ergeben sich aus einem hohen bzw. niedrigen Kohlenstoffgehalt des kohlenstoffhaltigen Materials, der sich in starker bzw. schwacher Aufkohlung auswirkt. Bei der Verwendung synthetischer Kohlenstoffmaterialien ist eine präzise Auswahl des Materials nach den gewünschten Eigenschaften möglich.Qualitatively different carbon-containing materials are to be understood as differences with regard to the grain size, the carbon content and the proportion of volatile constituents of the carbon-containing materials, but it can also refer to the basic choice of materials. Possible materials are, for example, coal dust based on anthracite and synthetic carbon, such as dust of the Ranco type or electrode graphite. Coarse-grained carbonaceous material, about 0.5 to 1 mm, provides more carburization than fine-grained material, which sometimes also acts as a fuel. Similar consequences result from a high or low carbon content of the carbonaceous material, which is in strong or weaker Carburization affects. When using synthetic carbon materials, a precise selection of the material according to the desired properties is possible.
Neben dem Kohlenstoffgehalt kann es vorteilhaft sein, daß als Zielgröße für die Zugabe des staubförmigen, kohlenstoffhaltigen Materials der Keimhaushalt der Schmelze genommen wird. Aufgrund der durch Anteile aus dem staubförmigem Material verursachten Keimzellen in der Schmelze wird die Erstarrungsform des Gußeisens beeinflußt und es ergibt sich auf der Basis einer Gefügeänderung eine unterschiedliche Bearbeitbarkeit des entstehenden Gußeisens. Eine große Keimzellendichte führt dabei zu einer feinen Kohlenstoffverteilung im Gußeisen, die ein feineres Gefüge und eine bessere Bearbeitbarkeit zur Folge hat.In addition to the carbon content, it can be advantageous that the microbial content of the melt is taken as the target variable for the addition of the dusty, carbon-containing material. Due to the germ cells in the melt caused by portions of the dust-like material, the solidification form of the cast iron is influenced and there is a different machinability of the resulting cast iron on the basis of a structural change. A high germ cell density leads to a fine carbon distribution in the cast iron, which results in a finer structure and better machinability.
Bei der Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens können auch besonders einfach Legierungselemente und/oder andere Zuschlagstoffe dem Gußeisen zugemischt werden, in dem sie in ebenfalls staubförmiger Form zusammen mit dem kohlenstoffhaltigen Material zugeführt werden.When using the method according to the invention, alloying elements and / or other additives can also be added to the cast iron in a particularly simple manner, in which they are also supplied in a dusty form together with the carbon-containing material.
Im folgenden soll das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren beispielhaft erläutert werden.The method according to the invention is to be explained by way of example below.
Ein Kupolofen mit einer Schmelzleistung von 5 t/h wird in der bekannten Betriebsweise mit einem Einsatz bestehend aus etwa 83 % Eisenmaterial, 13 % Koks und 4% Kalkstein in Prozent von der Gesamtgattierung betrieben.A cupola furnace with a melting capacity of 5 t / h is operated in the known operating mode with an insert consisting of approximately 83% iron material, 13% coke and 4% limestone as a percentage of the total type.
Zur Herstellung der gleichen Gußeisenqualität werden bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren etwa 11 % Koks und 4 % Kalkstein eingesetzt und pro Tonne etwa 5 kg Elektrodengraphit mit einer Körnung von 0,1 bis 1,0 mm in der Windzufuhrzone des Kupolofens eingeblasen. Man erhält Gußeisen gleicher Qualität wie beim bekannten Verfahren bei einer Schmelzleistungssteigerung von etwa 5 % bis 10 %.To produce the same cast iron quality, about 11% coke and 4% limestone are used in the process according to the invention, and about 5 kg of electrode graphite with a grain size of 0.1 to 1.0 mm are blown into the wind supply zone of the cupola furnace per ton. Cast iron of the same quality as in the known method is obtained with an increase in melting capacity of about 5% to 10%.
Folgende Tabelle enthält nochmals alle Daten zusammengefaßt:
Beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird durch das staubförmige, kohlenstoffhaltige Material ein ausreichendes Kohlenstoffangebot aufrechterhalten, welches sonst nach der Verringerung des Satzkokses nicht mehr vorhanden gewesen wäre. Darüber hinaus hat man mit der Einstellbarkeit der Zugabe des staubförmigen, kohlenstoffhaltigen Materials insbesondere eine Möglichkeit zur Hand, die entstehende Gußeisenqualität kurzfristig und einfach zu verändern.In the method according to the invention, the dust-like, carbon-containing material maintains a sufficient supply of carbon which would otherwise not have been available after the coke was reduced. In addition, with the adjustability of the addition of the dusty, carbon-containing material, there is in particular a possibility at hand to change the resulting cast iron quality quickly and easily.
Mit der Erfindung kann auch das Absinken der in der Schmelzzone herrschenden Temperatur, die auf die Kohlenstoffaufnahme des Gußeisens ungünstigen Einfluß hat und welche aus dem verringerten Kokseinsatz resultiert, durch besagte die Zugabe von Sauerstoff und daraus folgend besserer Verbrennungsbedingungen, verhindert werden. Damit kann beispielsweise mit noch geringerem Kokseinsatz gleiche Gußeisenqualität oder mit gleichem Kokseinsatz Gußeisen mit höherem Kohlenstoffgehalt, insbesondere auch GGG-Gußeisen erzeugt werden.With the invention, the lowering of the temperature prevailing in the melting zone, which has an unfavorable influence on the carbon absorption of the cast iron and which results from the reduced use of coke, can be prevented by said addition of oxygen and consequently better combustion conditions. In this way, for example, the same cast iron quality can be produced with an even lower use of coke or cast iron with a higher carbon content, in particular also GGG cast iron, can be produced with the same coke insert.
Durch die gemäß der Erfindung kombinierte, Kohlenstaub- und Sauerstoffzugabe, nämlich derart, daß als Trägermedium zur pneumatischen Beförderung des staubförmigen, kohlenstoffhaltigen Materials ein aus Luft und Sauerstoff bestehendes Gemisch verwendet wird, kann der betreffende Prozeß in optimaler Weise über die Einstellung der geeigneten Menge Kohlenstaub und des passenden Sauerstoffanteils im Trägermedium gesteuert werden.Due to the combined addition of coal dust and oxygen according to the invention, namely in such a way that a mixture consisting of air and oxygen is used as the carrier medium for the pneumatic conveyance of the dusty, carbon-containing material, the process in question can be optimally adjusted by setting the appropriate amount of coal dust and the appropriate proportion of oxygen in the carrier medium can be controlled.
Schließlich ist es mit der Erfindung bei der Zusammensetzung des einzusetzenden Eisenmaterials möglich, die Anteile der kostensenkenden Ausgangsstoffe zu erhöhen, z.B. mehr Stahlschrott statt Roheisen einzusetzen.Finally, it is possible with the invention in the composition of the iron material to be used to increase the proportions of the cost-reducing raw materials, e.g. to use more steel scrap instead of pig iron.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren stellt somit ein hochflexibles Betriebsverfahren für Kupolöfen dar, mit dem einerseits verschiedenste Gußeisensorten produziert und andererseits auch Leistungssteigerungen und Einsparungen erzielt werden können.The method according to the invention thus represents a highly flexible operating method for cupola furnaces with which, on the one hand, a wide variety of cast iron types can be produced and, on the other hand, performance increases and savings can also be achieved.
Claims (7)
- Process for operating a cupola furnace for producing various grades of cast iron with different carbon content levels in which- a charge mixture essentially consisting of iron, coke and limestone is introduce into the cupola furnace,- carbon-containing material in powdered form and in a quantity depending on the carbon content of the grade of cast iron to be produced is introduced into the cupola furnace in the furnace blast inlet area with the aid of a stream of gas,- further oxygen is introduced into the cupola furnace in addition to the furnace blast,characterised in that a gas mixture which consists of air and oxygen with an optionally adjustable oxygen content and which simultaneously provides the additional supply of oxygen to the cupola furnace is used as the stream of gas for conveying the powdered carbon-containing material.
- Process according to claim 1, characterised in that more powdered carbon-containing material is introduced and the charge coke is reduced by an equivalent amount as a function of the amount of powdered carbon-containing material introduced.
- Process according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterised in that further oxygen is introduced into the cupola furnace in the furnace blast inlet area parallel with the introduction of the powdered carbon-containing material borne by oxygen gas.
- Process according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that qualitatively different carbon-containing material is used to influence the carbon content.
- Process according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that synthetic carbon materials, e.g. electrode graphite, are used as the powdered carbon-containing materials.
- Process according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that in addition to the carbon content the nucleation distribution of the molten cast iron is taken as a target for the addition of the powdered carbon-containing material.
- Process according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that alloy elements and/or other additives for the cast iron also in powdered form are mixed with the powdered carbon-containing material.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3811166A DE3811166A1 (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1988-03-31 | METHOD FOR OPERATING A KUPOLOF |
| DE3811166 | 1988-03-31 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0336121A2 EP0336121A2 (en) | 1989-10-11 |
| EP0336121A3 EP0336121A3 (en) | 1991-04-03 |
| EP0336121B1 true EP0336121B1 (en) | 1994-09-28 |
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ID=6351259
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89103823A Revoked EP0336121B1 (en) | 1988-03-31 | 1989-03-04 | Process for operating a cupola furnace |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0336121B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE112325T1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8901468A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3811166A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA892304B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19646802A1 (en) * | 1996-11-13 | 1998-05-14 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Method and device for operating a shaft furnace |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4109214A1 (en) * | 1991-03-21 | 1992-09-24 | Linde Ag | METHOD FOR OPERATING A COUPLING OVEN |
| DE4310931C2 (en) * | 1993-04-02 | 1999-04-15 | Air Prod Gmbh | Method and device for disposing of dusts by burning / slagging in a cupola furnace |
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| DE55049C (en) * | A. DAUBER in Bochum | Process for the direct production of any type of iron in the blast furnace | ||
| GB109452A (en) * | 1916-09-07 | 1900-01-01 | ||
| GB157397A (en) * | 1919-04-25 | 1922-07-10 | Lucien Paul Basset | Direct production of iron or steel, and the like |
| FR652670A (en) * | 1928-04-13 | 1929-03-12 | Pont A Mousson Fond | Cupola melting process |
| DE822089C (en) * | 1948-10-02 | 1951-11-22 | Thyssensche Gas Und Wasserwerk | Process for the direct extraction of steel from iron ores and scrap |
| DE1433357A1 (en) * | 1964-12-09 | 1968-12-19 | Alfred Rexroth | Process for partially replacing the Gattierkokses in Metallreduzieroefen with coal or coke powder pressed into the nozzle zone |
| US4198228A (en) * | 1975-10-24 | 1980-04-15 | Jordan Robert K | Carbonaceous fines in an oxygen-blown blast furnace |
| GB8506655D0 (en) * | 1985-03-14 | 1985-04-17 | British Steel Corp | Smelting shaft furnaces |
-
1988
- 1988-03-31 DE DE3811166A patent/DE3811166A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1989
- 1989-03-04 AT AT89103823T patent/ATE112325T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-03-04 EP EP89103823A patent/EP0336121B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1989-03-04 DE DE58908426T patent/DE58908426D1/en not_active Revoked
- 1989-03-29 ZA ZA892304A patent/ZA892304B/en unknown
- 1989-03-30 BR BR898901468A patent/BR8901468A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19646802A1 (en) * | 1996-11-13 | 1998-05-14 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Method and device for operating a shaft furnace |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE112325T1 (en) | 1994-10-15 |
| EP0336121A2 (en) | 1989-10-11 |
| DE58908426D1 (en) | 1994-11-03 |
| ZA892304B (en) | 1989-11-29 |
| EP0336121A3 (en) | 1991-04-03 |
| BR8901468A (en) | 1989-11-14 |
| DE3811166A1 (en) | 1989-10-19 |
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