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EP0336121B1 - Procédé de conduite d'un cubilot - Google Patents

Procédé de conduite d'un cubilot Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0336121B1
EP0336121B1 EP89103823A EP89103823A EP0336121B1 EP 0336121 B1 EP0336121 B1 EP 0336121B1 EP 89103823 A EP89103823 A EP 89103823A EP 89103823 A EP89103823 A EP 89103823A EP 0336121 B1 EP0336121 B1 EP 0336121B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carbon
containing material
cast iron
furnace
oxygen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP89103823A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0336121A2 (fr
EP0336121A3 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Dr.-Ing. Rossmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6351259&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0336121(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP0336121A2 publication Critical patent/EP0336121A2/fr
Publication of EP0336121A3 publication Critical patent/EP0336121A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0336121B1 publication Critical patent/EP0336121B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B1/20—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
    • C21B11/02—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in low shaft furnaces or shaft furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/08—Manufacture of cast-iron

Definitions

  • the production of cast iron in a cupola furnace is carried out in principle as follows: Depending on the desired cast iron quality (GGL 15, GGL 20, ..., GGG), the application type - iron material, coke, limestone - is put together in an appropriate quantity and entered into the cupola furnace. This insert sinks while heating in countercurrent to the furnace wind until the coke is burned, the metal has melted and slag is formed, in which case the melt and slag flow separately through the siphon. A certain type of cast iron is thus obtained, starting from a certain type.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of eliminating the above-described disadvantages of known modes of operation of cupola furnaces in an economical manner and, in particular, of designing flexible operation of a cupola furnace with little effort.
  • This object is achieved in that a gas mixture consisting of air and oxygen with an arbitrarily adjustable oxygen content is used as the conveying gas stream for the dust-like, carbon-containing material to be supplied, which at the same time also ensures the additional oxygen supply to the cupola furnace.
  • an additional carbon source is provided next to the coke, and the amount added can influence the carbon content of the cast iron formed.
  • the invention also aims in particular to increasingly supply dust-like, carbon-containing material and to reduce the amount of coke, depending on the quantity supplied, by an amount equivalent to the amount of carbon available.
  • By reducing the coke in a known manner e.g. according to the Jungblut network diagram, an increase in the melting capacity of the cupola furnace. It is therefore possible to produce cast iron of the same quality in larger quantities per unit of time with a lower proportion of coke in the batch while supplying dust.
  • Carbon-containing materials are to be understood as differences with regard to the grain size, the carbon content and the proportion of volatile constituents of the carbon-containing materials, but it can also refer to the basic choice of materials.
  • Possible materials are, for example, coal dust based on anthracite and synthetic carbon, such as dust of the Ranco type or electrode graphite.
  • Coarse-grained carbonaceous material about 0.5 to 1 mm, provides more carburization than fine-grained material, which sometimes also acts as a fuel. Similar consequences result from a high or low carbon content of the carbonaceous material, which is in strong or weaker Carburization affects.
  • synthetic carbon materials a precise selection of the material according to the desired properties is possible.
  • the microbial content of the melt is taken as the target variable for the addition of the dusty, carbon-containing material. Due to the germ cells in the melt caused by portions of the dust-like material, the solidification form of the cast iron is influenced and there is a different machinability of the resulting cast iron on the basis of a structural change. A high germ cell density leads to a fine carbon distribution in the cast iron, which results in a finer structure and better machinability.
  • alloying elements and / or other additives can also be added to the cast iron in a particularly simple manner, in which they are also supplied in a dusty form together with the carbon-containing material.
  • a cupola furnace with a melting capacity of 5 t / h is operated in the known operating mode with an insert consisting of approximately 83% iron material, 13% coke and 4% limestone as a percentage of the total type.
  • the dust-like, carbon-containing material maintains a sufficient supply of carbon which would otherwise not have been available after the coke was reduced.
  • the adjustability of the addition of the dusty, carbon-containing material there is in particular a possibility at hand to change the resulting cast iron quality quickly and easily.
  • the lowering of the temperature prevailing in the melting zone which has an unfavorable influence on the carbon absorption of the cast iron and which results from the reduced use of coke, can be prevented by said addition of oxygen and consequently better combustion conditions.
  • the same cast iron quality can be produced with an even lower use of coke or cast iron with a higher carbon content, in particular also GGG cast iron, can be produced with the same coke insert.
  • coal dust and oxygen Due to the combined addition of coal dust and oxygen according to the invention, namely in such a way that a mixture consisting of air and oxygen is used as the carrier medium for the pneumatic conveyance of the dusty, carbon-containing material, the process in question can be optimally adjusted by setting the appropriate amount of coal dust and the appropriate proportion of oxygen in the carrier medium can be controlled.
  • composition of the iron material to be used to increase the proportions of the cost-reducing raw materials, e.g. to use more steel scrap instead of pig iron.
  • the method according to the invention thus represents a highly flexible operating method for cupola furnaces with which, on the one hand, a wide variety of cast iron types can be produced and, on the other hand, performance increases and savings can also be achieved.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Procédé de conduite d'un cubilot pour la production de fonte de divers types présentant diverses teneurs en carbone, dans lequel:
    - on introduit dans le cubilot un lit de fusion se composant pour l'essentiel de fer, de coke et de calcaire,
    - on introduit dans le cubilot un matériau sous forme pulvérulente contenant des hydrocarbures en une quantité fonction de la teneur en carbone du type de fonte à fabriquer, dans la zone d'injection du vent du four, à l'aide d'un courant gazeux,
    - on amène au cubilot, en plus du vent du four, une quantité supplémentaire d'oxygène,
    caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme courant gazeux porteur pour le matériau sous forme pulvérulente contenant des hydrocarbures, un mélange gazeux se composant d'air et d'oxygène avec une teneur en oxygène réglable à volonté, et qui assure en même temps l'alimentation supplémentaire en oxygène pour le cubilot.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on introduit des quantités croissantes de matériau sous forme pulvérulente contenant des hydrocarbures, et en ce que l'on réduit d'une quantité équivalente la ration de coke, en fonction de la quantité de matériau sous forme pulvérulente contenant des hydrocarbures qui est introduite.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce qu'en parallèle à l'injection porteuse d'oxygène gazeux du matériau sous forme pulvérulente contenant des hydrocarbures, on introduit dans le cubilot de l'oxygène supplémentaire dans la zone d'injection du vent du four.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que pour agir sur la teneur en carbone, on utilise des matériaux contenant des hydrocarbures qualitativement différents.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme matériau sous forme pulvérulente contenant des hydrocarbures, des matériaux hydrocarbures synthétiques, par exemple du graphite d'électrode.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en qu'on prend comme valeur de consigne pour l'addition du matériau sous forme pulvérulente contenant des hydrocarbures, non seulement la teneur en carbone, mais aussi la structure de cristallisation du bain de fusion de fonte.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'on mélange au matériau sous forme pulvérulente contenant des hydrocarbures des éléments d'alliage et/ou d'autres substances d'addition pour la fonte, qui se trouvent également sous forme pulvérulente.
EP89103823A 1988-03-31 1989-03-04 Procédé de conduite d'un cubilot Revoked EP0336121B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3811166A DE3811166A1 (de) 1988-03-31 1988-03-31 Verfahren zum betreiben eines kupolofens
DE3811166 1988-03-31

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0336121A2 EP0336121A2 (fr) 1989-10-11
EP0336121A3 EP0336121A3 (fr) 1991-04-03
EP0336121B1 true EP0336121B1 (fr) 1994-09-28

Family

ID=6351259

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89103823A Revoked EP0336121B1 (fr) 1988-03-31 1989-03-04 Procédé de conduite d'un cubilot

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0336121B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE112325T1 (fr)
BR (1) BR8901468A (fr)
DE (2) DE3811166A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA892304B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19646802A1 (de) * 1996-11-13 1998-05-14 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Schachtofens

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4109214A1 (de) * 1991-03-21 1992-09-24 Linde Ag Verfahren zum betreiben eines kupolofens
DE4310931C2 (de) * 1993-04-02 1999-04-15 Air Prod Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Entsorgen von Stäuben durch Verbrennen/Verschlacken in einem Kupolofen

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE55049C (de) * A. DAUBER in Bochum Verfahren zur direkten Herstellung beliebiger Eisensorten im Hochofen
GB109452A (fr) * 1916-09-07 1900-01-01
GB157397A (en) * 1919-04-25 1922-07-10 Lucien Paul Basset Direct production of iron or steel, and the like
FR652670A (fr) * 1928-04-13 1929-03-12 Pont A Mousson Fond Procédé de fusion des métaux au cubilot
DE822089C (de) * 1948-10-02 1951-11-22 Thyssensche Gas Und Wasserwerk Verfahren zur unmittelbaren Gewinnung von Stahl aus Eisenerzen und Schrott
DE1433357A1 (de) * 1964-12-09 1968-12-19 Alfred Rexroth Verfahren zum Teilersetzen des Gattierkokses in Metallreduzieroefen durch in die Duesenzone eingepresstes Kohlen- oder Kokspulver
US4198228A (en) * 1975-10-24 1980-04-15 Jordan Robert K Carbonaceous fines in an oxygen-blown blast furnace
GB8506655D0 (en) * 1985-03-14 1985-04-17 British Steel Corp Smelting shaft furnaces

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19646802A1 (de) * 1996-11-13 1998-05-14 Messer Griesheim Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Schachtofens

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE112325T1 (de) 1994-10-15
EP0336121A2 (fr) 1989-10-11
DE58908426D1 (de) 1994-11-03
ZA892304B (en) 1989-11-29
EP0336121A3 (fr) 1991-04-03
BR8901468A (pt) 1989-11-14
DE3811166A1 (de) 1989-10-19

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