EP0253864B1 - Aerodynamic and antimister system for a shell and a sight screen in a protection helmet - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a system of a sight screen and to a shell (2) to which said system may be adapted. The system is comprised of a double wall screen or of two screens (1) and (7), one (1) of which may be lifted outside the helmet lying then flat against the front surface of the shell (2) to whose profile it is configured or adopting an aerodynamic flap position. The screen (7) is lifted inside the shell (2) and its height is smaller than that of the screen (1). Air inlets (5) and air outlets (28) are provided through the screen (1). A moving air film is thus formed between both screens in the lowered position. When it is raining, the ridges (6) of the surface of the shell allow the water dripping on the front area of the shell to be evacuated backwards without coming across the field of view.

Description

The present invention relates to a protective helmet for motorcyclists designed to be equipped with a double vision screen system of the kind described in patent FR-A-2,532,528.

In the current state of the art, the vision screen comes down to a transparent screen articulated on two lateral and opposite points of the external surface of the hull. Generally, dismantling this screen requires the use of one or more tools. Furthermore, such a screen, in the closed position, completely closes the corresponding cutout made in the shell and delimiting the useful field of vision. As a result, the almost non-existent ventilation inside the helmet favors the formation of fogging on the screen in cold weather, and in hot weather ... that of sweat on the user. Conversely, if we raise the screen, we allow the air mixed with dust and insects to rush in an anarchic way inside the helmet where turbulence is created which is incompatible with comfort - notably the user's visual . In addition, in this raised position, the lower edge of the screen is detached from the shell, its upper edge is, itself, practically in contact with the upper part thereof. This form of "funnel" open towards the front is an aerodynamic aberration tending to cause the helmet to tear off towards the rear as long as the user raises his head a little. In addition, in case of sun or alternation of light and shade, the existing system requires the user ... to accommodate it or to have to disassemble the transparent screen to replace it with another, tinted , or vice versa! In rainy weather, another phenomenon contributes to impairing the quality of the field of vision: water, pushed by the wind, trickles over the smooth, frontal part of the hull without finding other obstacles, downwards, that the slit inevitably existing between the upper edge of the vision screen in the closed position and that of the cutout of the shell. Also, there always comes a time when, under the action of the wind, the water collected on the surface of the shell succeeds in getting inside the helmet to trickle onto the internal face of the screen. This is all the more dangerous since it is then impossible to wipe the screen correctly without removing the helmet. User fatigue related to wearing a helmet is generally attributed to the weight of the helmet. In fact, much more than the weight, it is the aerodynamic resistance linked to the volume of the helmet which, applying a rearward action to it, requires the user to have to respond to it with a reaction towards the before. However, the aerodynamic force pulling the helmet back is due less to the direct pressure of the air against the front face of the helmet than to the suction of the rear part of the helmet due to the turbulence of the air streams and to the resulting depression.

The helmet according to the invention proposes to remedy these defects by the use of a system of double vision screen adapted - according to a preferred and complete variant of the invention - to a specific shell. According to this alternative embodiment, one of the two screens is, in the closed position, integrated into the line of the hull and offers the particularity of being able to be raised, outside the hull, without however harming the aerodynamic qualities of this one. The second screen, whose height is, at least in its central zone, lower than that of the external screen, meanwhile, is raised inside the hull. The presence of this second screen combined with a judicious ventilation system makes it possible to fight effectively against the formation of fogging. This ventilation system consists of an air intake made in the frontal area of the hull or the upper part of the exterior screen. To be effective, this air inlet must be associated with two outlets - of larger total section -, thus forming a low pressure system sucking the air inside the helmet. These outputs are openings made in the two lateral zones of the external screen, close to each of its ends. In order to increase the efficiency of the low pressure system by accelerating the circulation of air tangentially to these outlets, each end of the screen is fitted with a cover covering the air outlets, open towards the front and towards the rear, the section of the rear opening being the largest. The two screens being in the lowered position, the whole of this ventilation system - the front air inlet opening below the upper edge of the interior screen - has the effect of forming a moving air film between the two screens, hence its effectiveness as an anti-fog, the air exhaled by the user being below the lower edge of the interior screen. In addition, this system prevents the user from receiving cold air from the front air inlet directly into the eyes. Likewise, the height of the interior screen being sufficient to ensure eye protection, it allows good driving comfort for a user preferring to roll the exterior screen fully raised. In addition, this short screen can be tinted and used or not at will and instantly with the external screen whenever the light conditions require it, the movements of the two screens being independent of each other, the interior screen being actuated by means of a member accessible by the user whatever the position of the exterior screen. According to one embodiment, the interior screen is articulated on two lateral and opposite points of the shell located on the same axis perpendicular to the vertical longitudinal median plane of the helmet. The material axes carrying these joints are internal to the hull. This screen is raised by sliding between the shell itself and the external surface of the shell fitted for this purpose: recesses and possibly direct stratification or internal double shell. The method of attachment and articulation chosen allows disassembly and assembly easy and without tools. This method of attachment consists of a cut other than cylindrical made at each end of the screen and emerging therein. These cutouts when setting up the screen engage on male parts of corresponding section linked to the internal face of the shell but free in rotation relative to the latter. The connection between the ends of the screen and the parts on which they engage is then comparable to that of a flat key with a screw head. This connection allows the rotation of the screen around a fixed axis relative to the shell. A combination of hollows and bumps formed between the surface of the shell and one of the moving parts and resting against it - the screen or the parts which carry it - ensures the rotational positioning of the screen: raised position, lowered and "disassembly". A suitable elastic system, pressing against the internal face of the screen at each of its articulations maintains the pressure between the other face of the screen and the part which carries it as well as possibly between this last part and the inner side of the hull. Another combination of hollows and bumps between the screen and one of the cooperating parts ensures the translational connection of the screen relative to the shell. It is the screen itself which, when it is positioned below its normal position of use, is freed from the nipple or boss ensuring its connection in translation relative to the shell, either by sliding on an inclined plane tending to move it away from the shell or away from it the part or part of part pushing each of its ends towards the shell, either that it has a groove or a rim in an arc of a circle, in or against which the nipple circulates , opening to the outside of the screen at the level reached by the nipple when the screen is in its disassembly position. Then simply remove the screen by pulling it out of the helmet. The parts or the two sides of the part between which each end of the screen is introduced being chamfered or flared forward, the installation of a new screen is facilitated. This new screen is held in place when, having raised it in its operating position, the coupling system in translation is allowed to return to its place. According to a variant embodiment, the screen is operated by action on a lever extending on at least one side, towards the base of the shell, the part to which the screen is linked in rotation, or the screen itself. even. In the variant according to which the outer screen is, in the closed position, integrated into the line of the hull, its external surface is completely in the extension of that of the hull, forming no protrusion with it. Its opening movement then decomposes in at least two stages: the first, of apparent translation forward, away from the hull. Simultaneously, the ends of the screen are also detached laterally from the surface of the hull for easy subsequent lifting. This advanced position of the screen is a position that can advantageously be taken to the screen to allow efficient ventilation and without turbulence, due more to the depression than to the direct action of the wind, inside helmet. In a second step, the screen can be raised according to a rotational movement bringing it opposite the surface of the shell against which it will be pressed, by a new movement in translation, against the shell. These last two movements - rotation and translation - can also be simultaneous, thus allowing the screen to pass in a continuous curve from the lowered and advanced position to the raised position and pressed against the hull. In order to reduce the suction of the helmet towards the rear, due to the vacuum, the screen can also be raised, above the frontal zone, up to the upper part of the shell and kept a few millimeters from the surface thereof, slightly inclined relative to it so as to form an aerodynamic flap whose cross section of the air inlet between the internal face of the screen and the shell is less than that of the outlet towards the back. The screen thus raised behaves like an aerodynamic flap, the speed differential between the air streams drawn in and laminated between the shell and the screen on the one hand and the air flow passing over the screen on the other hand, having the effect of repositioning the air streams against the rear of the hull, thereby limiting the surface thereof subjected to vacuum. Such an aerodynamic flap can also, independently of the vision screen, be adapted to a helmet and treated in the form of a fixed adjustable or removable hoop which would have the advantage of being able to fulfill its role, even the screen being in position. lowered. According to an alternative embodiment, such a hoop is designed as an outer double shell open towards the front and towards the rear and inside which the screen can possibly be housed in the raised position. According to an alternative embodiment, in order not to be aerodynamic discomfort when it is in the raised position, the external screen is characterized in that its internal face offers a profile identical in all respects to that of the external surface of the hull in the area against which it can be pressed in the raised position. By way of illustration, let us reason in the vertical longitudinal median plane of the helmet in particular, where the radius "R" of the external frontal curve of the shell is equal - or less, in the value of a functional clearance - than that of the curve of the internal face of the screen in this same plane. Due to the material thickness of the screen and the need to connect its external surface with that of the shell when it is in the closed position, the "X" axis is fixed relative to the screen, movable relative to the shell, perpendicular to the vertical longitudinal median plane of the helmet and passing through the mobile point of this plane, center of the circle of radius "R" generating the internal surface of the screen, is in a position "X"'fixed relative to the shell, when the screen is in the closed position. This "X" axis is not necessarily confused with the "Y" axis parallel to "X", but fixed relative to the shell and passing through the point of the vertical longitudinal median plane of the helmet which is also the center of the circle with the same radius "R" generating the external surface of the hull in its frontal area. When the screen is, at first, detached from the shell according to an apparent movement of translation by rap port to it, the "X" axis moves away from the "X"'and"Y" axes. In the raised position and pressed against the hull, the "X" axis, on the contrary, approaches the "Y" axis to the point of being, apart from the functional clearances, confused with it. The curve of the hull in its frontal area therefore being assumed to be continuous and of constant radius "R", the axes "X"'on the one hand and "Y" on the other hand being offset by a sufficient value to allow connection from the external surface of the screen to the shell, the choice of the axes of rotation and the nature of the movement of the screen must be such that "X"'and"Y" are both on the trajectory of the curve described by the "X" axis during the movement of the screen. On the other hand, to arrive in the raised position up to the upper zone of the hull and detached from it, giving the screen the characteristics of an aerodynamic component, two cases can be envisaged. Either the curve of the shell in the upper zone is identical to that of the frontal zone, of radius "R" centered on the same axis "Y", in which case in its lifting movement the screen moves its axis "X" until 'the screen is in its aerodynamic flap position; either it is the curve of the hull which changes in its upper part and sees its radius of curvature decrease towards the rear, in which case the "X" axis at the end of the lifting movement can still coincide with the " Y ". In order to allow the screen to carry out such complex lifting movements, and according to a first alternative embodiment, the vision screen is itself articulated by each of its ends along an axis "U" - parallel to "X" and at "Y" - on an intermediate part - generally a disc or rod - itself articulated on the hull according to an axis of rotation "V" parallel to "U" but not confused with it. This part optionally bears on its face against which the screen comes to bear, a second material axis which can, during movements of the screen, circulate in a groove made in the screen. This axis, may or may not coincide with the "V" axis depending on the variant embodiments. Starting from the "closed screen" position in which "X" is "X"', and where the "V" axis is in a vertical transverse plane prior to that comprising the "U" axis, this articulated assembly allows by a rotational movement of the intermediate piece around its axis V, to bring the screen still in the lowered position in its advanced position of use relative to the shell, in a movement comparable to that of a connecting rod. The quality of this translational movement is improved if the "U" axis is engaged in a groove made in the screen in place of an adjusted cylindrical bore. Then, by a rotation of the screen around the axis "U", with respect to the intermediate piece, one passes from the lowered position to the raised position. By a new movement of rotation of the intermediate part around the axis "V", the screen is pressed against the shell thus bringing the axis "X" in coincidence with "Y". To switch to the aerodynamic flap position, the position of "X" is further modified by acting on the rotation of the intermediate piece around the "V" axis and of the screen around the "U" axis. According to a first variant, the separation of the ends of the screen from the lateral zones of the hull is ensured by a combination of inclined planes between two surfaces which are movable relative to one another and resting on one another : intermediate-shell part, intermediate-screen part or screen-shell. According to a second variant, one of the material axes joining the screen to the shell according to "V" or "U" is equipped with a helical system cooperating with the bore in which it is introduced. During the movement of the screen, the maintenance and the guiding of the latter are completed by the action of one or more studs integral with the shell or with the intermediate piece, fixed relative to this support, around which are guided lights or grooves made in the screen and acting as cams limiting the amplitude of the different movements and according to which the rotational movements of the intermediate piece around the "V" axis and of the screen around the "U" axis are decomposed or simultaneous. A cover, open towards the front and towards the rear - the screen being in the closed position - is fixed on each end of the screen, above the side air outlets, which can be combined with a "cam groove" useful for guiding the screen. Such a cover, fixed relative to the screen, moves with it relative to the shell. During its installation, it can, by clipping, above the screen, around the head of the material axis "U" - if it passes through a cylindrical bore of the same diameter practiced in the visor - used for easy and removable attachment without tools, of the visor on the intermediate piece and therefore on the helmet. According to a second alternative embodiment of the external screen, each end of the screen is linked, permanently or removable, to a flat part extending it, through which the bores, grooves, lights or functional bosses normally appearing are practiced. on the screen itself. This, in particular in order to have a tool - mold for manufacturing the screen - simplified. According to a third alternative embodiment of the outer screen, each end of the screen is engaged in a flat piece extending it and has a possibility of movement in translation relative to this piece through which the grooves are also made, functional lights or bosses normally appearing on the screen itself. A combination of inclined planes between two surfaces bearing against one another and movable with respect to each other, then makes it possible, during the translational movement of the screen relative to the part extending it, to take off the screen from the lateral zones of the helmet in order to make its lifting movement - by rotation around the "U" axis of the pieces extending each end of the screen - easy. In order to reduce the risk of water entering rain inside the helmet and dripping onto the inside of the screen, the shell, in its frontal area, just above the edge upper part of the external vision screen - in the lowered position - sees its external surface arranged so as to form a series of grooves-like grooves - or reliefs substantially parallel to each other and with the upper edge of the vision screen, each extending over a length at least equal to that of the vision screen. Rainwater, collected in the frcntale area of the hull and flowing in the direction of the vision screen meets these hollows or reliefs before reaching the upper edge of the screen. Pushed by the wind and guided by these forms, it is thus evacuated towards the lateral and rear areas of the hull without having to cross the vision screen. In the variant according to which these "rain-proof waves" are - in the vertical longitudinal median plane of the helmet - in relief with respect to the general curve of radius "R" in the frontal area of the hull, they can constitute a device making it possible to give the shell in the area near the upper edge of the vision screen in the closed position a local radius of curvature of the value of "R" increased by the material thickness of the exterior screen. In this case, the exterior screen - the interior face of which retains a radius of curvature of value "R" equal, apart from the functional clearance, to that of the hull in the area, above the rain system, against which it can be placed in the raised position - may, while offering, in the closed position the appearance of a screen completely integrated into the line of the hull, have - as in the alternative embodiment according to which the external screen is not, in the closed position, not integrated into the hull line - its "X" axis in a "X"'position where "X"' is confused with "Y". This feature results in a simplification of the vision screen system since, in particular, in the third variant envisaged for the external screen, the flat part in which each end of the screen is guided in translation can then be linked to the shell along a single axis "U" merged with "V", and no longer by means of a part carrying two offset axes "U" and "V". The single "U" axis and then itself merged with the "X"'and"Y" axes.

The list of variants set out above cannot in any case be considered exhaustive and capable of limiting the scope of this patent. It is thus remarkable that it would not depart from the scope of the invention any element of the said invention used alone on an otherwise ordinary helmet. This would be the case with the rain-proof system made up of edges on the surface of the frontal area of any helmet, of any vision screen used alone on a helmet but whose mode of connection to the shell would be in accordance with those characterizing the at least one of the two screens described in this document, or any anti-fog screen system suitable for a helmet and consisting of two screens whose lower edges - at least in their central zone - would not be joined and allowing them the formation of a moving air film, the air exhaled by the user being below the lower edge of the interior screen. Thus, it would not depart from the scope of the invention any vision screen used alone on a helmet but being in the form of a single screen with double walls - separated by a space sufficient to allow the circulation of a film of air - joining at the upper edge of the screen, not joining - at least in the central zone - at their lower edges, the height of the internal wall being - at least in its central zone - lower than that of the outer wall, the front air inlet and the side air outlets being pierced through the outer wall. Such a single double-walled screen is molded or formed from two thermoformed or curved screens assembled together by being separated by a spacer at their upper edges and at their ends.

• FIG. 1 est une vue de côté d'un casque équipé d'un système d'écran de vision habituel, de type connu.
• FIG. 2 est une vue de côté d'un casque équipé d'un écran extérieur selon l'invention représenté dans ses différentes positions.
• FIG. 3 est une vue de côté d'un casque équipé d'un double système d'écran de vision antibuée selon l'invention.
• FIG. 4 est une vue de côté du casque illustré figure 3, écran extérieur démonté et coque représentée en pièce voisine (traits fins).
• FIG. 5 est une vue de côté de l'extrémité de l'écran intérieur illustré figure 4.
• FIG. 6 est une vue selon trois côtés de la pièce de liaison entre la coque et un côté de l'écran intérieur illustrés figure 4.
• FIG. 7 est une vue de côté du casque illustré figure 3, écran intérieur et cache latéral démontés et coque représentée en pièce voisine.
• FIG. 8 est une vue de côté de l'écran extérieur illustré figure 7 et deux sections partielles selon AA et BB de ce même écran.
• FIG. 9 est une vue de côté, une section partielle selon CC, et une coupe selon DD du cache latéral coopérant avec l'écran illustré figure 8.
• FIG. 10 est une vue selon trois côtés de la pièce assurant la liaison entre un côté de l'écran extérieur et la coque illustrés figure 7.
• FIG. 11 est une vue de côté de la coque illustrée figure 3, écrans et pièces illustrés figure 6 et figure 10 démontés, système de commande par câble de l'écran extérieur apparent.
• FIG. 12 est un schéma de principe du système de commande par câble de l'écran extérieur du casque illustré figure 3.
• FIG. 13 est une demi-coupe - agrandie - selon EE du casque illustré figure 3.
• FIG. 14 est une vue de côté d'un autre exemple de réalisation d'un écran extérieur selon l'invention représenté en position fermée sur une coque, cache latéral démonté.
• FIG. 15 est une vue de côté et une section partielle selon FF du cache latéral coopérant avec l'écran illustré figure 14.
• FIG. 16 est une vue de côté d'un autre exemple de réalisation d'un écran extérieur selon l'invention représenté en position fermée sur une coque, cache latéral démonté.
• FIG. 17 est une section selon GG du système d'écran extérieur illustré figure 16, avec le cache latéral s'y rapportant. La coque et la pièce de liaison entre la coque et le système d'écran sont représentés en pièces voisines (traits fins).
• FIG. 18 est une vue de côté d'un autre exemple de réalisation d'un écran extérieur selon l'invention représenté en position fermée sur une coque, cache latéral démonté.
• FIG. 19 est une vue de côté d'une variante simplifiée du système d'écrans antibués constitué d'un seul écran à double parois représenté seul.

Likewise, the exemplary embodiments of the helmet which is the subject of this patent are described below by way of illustration and in no way limitative with reference to the appended drawings in which:

• FIG. 1 is a side view of a helmet equipped with a usual vision screen system, of known type.
• FIG. 2 is a side view of a helmet equipped with an external screen according to the invention shown in its different positions.
• FIG. 3 is a side view of a helmet equipped with a double anti-fog vision screen system according to the invention.
• FIG. 4 is a side view of the helmet illustrated in FIG. 3, the outer screen disassembled and the shell shown in a neighboring room (thin lines).
• FIG. 5 is a side view of the end of the interior screen illustrated in FIG. 4.
• FIG. 6 is a view on three sides of the connecting piece between the shell and one side of the interior screen illustrated in FIG. 4.
• FIG. 7 is a side view of the helmet illustrated in FIG. 3, the interior screen and side cover removed and the shell shown in an adjacent room.
• FIG. 8 is a side view of the external screen illustrated in FIG. 7 and two partial sections along AA and BB of this same screen.
• FIG. 9 is a side view, a partial section along CC, and a section along DD of the side cover cooperating with the screen illustrated in FIG. 8.
• FIG. 10 is a view on three sides of the part ensuring the connection between one side of the external screen and the shell illustrated in FIG. 7.
• FIG. 11 is a side view of the shell illustrated in FIG. 3, screens and parts illustrated in FIG. 6 and in FIG. 10 disassembled, control system by cable of the apparent external screen.
• FIG. 12 is a block diagram of the cable control system for the external screen of the helmet illustrated in FIG. 3.
• FIG. 13 is a half-section - enlarged - according to EE of the helmet illustrated in FIG. 3.
• FIG. 14 is a side view of another embodiment of an external screen according to the invention shown in the closed position on a shell, dismantled side cover.
• FIG. 15 is a side view and a partial section along FF of the side cover cooperating with the screen illustrated in FIG. 14.
• FIG. 16 is a side view of another embodiment of an external screen according to the invention shown in the closed position on a shell, dismantled side cover.
• FIG. 17 is a section along GG of the exterior screen system illustrated in FIG. 16, with the side cover relating thereto. The shell and the connecting part between the shell and the screen system are shown in adjacent parts (thin lines).
• FIG. 18 is a side view of another embodiment of an external screen according to the invention shown in the closed position on a shell, dismantled side cover.
• FIG. 19 is a side view of a simplified variant of the system of anti-fog screens consisting of a single double-wall screen shown alone.

In order to facilitate the study of the variant embodiments shown, let us assume that all of these variants are common:

"X" is the theoretical axis, perpendicular to the vertical and longitudinal median plane (p) of the helmet, passing through the point of this plane which is also the center of the circle of radius "R + j" corresponding to the radius of curvature, in the plane (p), of the internal face of the external screen. "X" is an axis movable relative to the shell, fixed relative to the screen with which it moves.

"X" is the axis of the fixed shell with respect to the latter with which "X" coincides when the screen is in the closed position (a).

"Y" is the axis of the shell, parallel to "X" 'passing through the point of the plane (p) which is also the center of the circle of radius "R" corresponding to the radius of curvature, in the plane (p), of the external surface of the shell in its frontal zone, against which the screen can, in the raised position, come to be pressed.

"V" is the axis of the hull, parallel to "X" 'and "Y", according to which the intermediate parts between the outer screen and the hull are articulated to the hull, on either side of it this.

"U" is the axis parallel to "X" 'and "Y" along which each end of the outer screen is articulated to the intermediate piece linked to the shell along the axis "V".

FIG. 1 makes it possible to observe the turbulence which forms both at the rear and - when the screen is raised - at the front of a helmet fitted with a vision screen of known type.

Figure 2 shows the movement of a screen 1 according to the invention. From the closed position (a), it passes, thanks to the action imparted to the operating member 3 in its advanced position (c). From there, by a rotational movement, he arrives at the position (d). Subjected to a force T ", it can then be pressed against the shell 2 of which it follows the profile -position (e) -. A force r applied to each end of the screen causes it to go from (e) to (f ), position in which it takes the inclination required to fulfill the function of aerodynamic flap which, after a new rotation, it occupies in position (g). In this figure, the improvement in the aerodynamics of the helmet is observed, which results in the absence of turbulence in its front region, whatever the position of the screen, and in the reduction of turbulence at the back of the helmet when the screen is in position (g). Figure 2, the interior screen system 7-9 and the rain system 6, for greater clarity of the drawing, are not shown.

Figure 3 illustrates how the dual vision screen system works in its anti-fog function. The air entering the interior of the hull through the orifices 5 is blocked between the two screens and sucked towards the lateral zones by the effect of the depression due to the presence of the orifices 28 formed through the outdoor display presence 1.

The air thus sucked in is evacuated through these same orifices 28 -which in this alternative embodiment are also "cam grooves" used for guiding the external screen - and expelled at the rear of the helmet with the air flow circulating between the lateral zones of the external screen 1 and the lateral covers 19 covering these zones. The inner screen 7, each cut end of which is engaged on a cooperating male section 8 of the part 9, can be raised, its axes (i) and (h) passing through the positions (i ') and (h'), by action on the lever 10 extending the part 9, shown only in FIG. 6. The elastic systems practiced during the molding of the part 9 in the form of tongues 11 in the internal flank of the part 9 maintain the pressure between the screen and the other flank of the part 9. A combination of hollows and hemispherical bosses 12 between the surface of the part 9 bearing against and the shell and the shell itself ensures the posititionment in rotation of the screen 7 relative to the shell . In raised position, the interior screen is housed between the shell 2 and the double shell 13. The translational positioning of the screen relative to the shell is provided by the boss 14 formed on the internal surface of the shell and around which circulates the groove 15 formed in the screen. This boss 14 also has the function of limiting the amplitude of the rotational movement of the screen. When the screen is brought into its lowered position below its position in normal use, the base of the boss 14 is in abutment against the edge 16 of the cutout made in the screen 7, the axes (i) and (h ) being in their position (i ") and (h"), the boss 14 is no longer engaged in the groove 15. The screen can then be removed towards the outside of the helmet. The reverse approach allows the reassembly of a new screen. The part 9 is itself linked to the shell around the tubular axis 17 formed on the internal surface of the latter. An elastic ring 18 provides the connection between these two elements. FIG. 7 allows - the side cover 19 being assumed to be dismantled - to see the cutouts made at each end of the screen and ensuring its guiding in the case where it can be raised both in position (e) and in position ( g). The "U" axis belonging to the part 21 passes through a light in an arc 22 of the screen 1. In this embodiment, the "U" axis is coincident with the "X" axis, shown here in its "X" position. The part 21 is itself linked in rotation by a central axis "V" introduced inside the tubular axis 17 of the shell. The illustrated helmet representing an alternative embodiment in which the screen 1 is - in the closed position (a) - fully integrated into the line of the shell, including in its lateral zones, a combination of inclined planes 26-26 'practiced at the external surface of the shell and on the surface of the part 21 bearing against the shell allows, when the axis "U", by a rotation of the intermediate part 21 around the axis "V" arrives in coincidence with l axis "Z" - the screen 1 then being in its position (c) - to take off the two ends of the screen from the hull of a sufficient value to allow easy lifting of the screen to the position (d). There by a force "fI applied on the screen, it is pressed against the shell thus bringing the axis" U "- so" X "- from its position" Z "to its position" Y ". movements, the screen is guided by the movement of the material axes 23, belonging to part 21, in the "cam groove" 30 of the screen 1, and 27 belonging to the shell, in the "groove- cam "28 of the screen. By applying a force at the base of the ends of the screen in its position (e), the axis" U "is allowed to circulate in the light 22 while reaching the position" X "', by a simultaneous rotation of the part 21 around the axis" V ". The screen 1 thus detached from the shell 2- position (f) -, can then be raised according to a rotational movement around the axis "U" in its position (g). During this last phase of the lifting movement, the guiding of the screen is ensured, in addition to the circulation of the axis 23 in the lumen 30, by that of the axis 27 in light 28 which it comes out at 29. At the same time, the axis 31 belonging to the shell, engages in the groove 32 of the screen, thus taking the "relay" from the axis 27 previously associated with the groove 28. From the position (e) of the screen, you can also return it to its lowered position (c). To do this, it suffices, by action on the operating member 3, to impart to the piece 21 a rotational movement causing the axis "U" to return from the "Y" position to the "Z" position. The screen in position (d) then being applied a force fT, by rotation around the axis "U", arrives in its position (c). A force f ^f , directed towards the inside of the helmet allows by a new rotation of the part 21 around the axis "V", to pass the axis "U" from the position "Z" to the position "X "', and thereby the screen, from position (c) to position (a). The edges of each end of the screen 1 equipped with slides 33 allow, by a translation along T, the fixing of the cover 19 equipped with the slides 34 cooperating with 33. The combination of hollows and bosses 35-36 between the screen and the cover ensures the positioning of these elements between them. The operating member 3 is a sliding button on a rail 39 formed at the base of the shell 2. The cable 37 which is linked to it passes around an axis - or a small pulley 38 - secured to the internal surface of the shell 2, before joining - by first circulating inside the helmet then in a groove 41 formed outside the shell and itself joining the counterbore 42 serving to house the part 21 - the part 21 to the periphery of which it circulates in a groove 43, to be fixed there by introduction of the cylinder 40 - crimped on it - in the bore 40 'of the part 21. This same cable is extended through the groove 41' then, inside a sheath 37 ', in the rib 44 of the shell 2 up to the part 21' to which it is fixed by its end provided with a cylinder 40 "crimped on it and introduced into the bore corresponding to part 21 '. In this alternative embodiment, each end of the screen is fixed to part 21 or 21' by means of two screws 45-46 on the axes "U" and 23. It is accessed after removing the side covers 19. The groove 47 formed in the bore of the tubular axis 17 of the shell 2, wider than the elastic ring 25 allows the part 21 to have relative to the shell 2 sufficient freedom in translation to ensure the separation of the ends of the screen necessary for easy lifting thereof. FIG. 11 makes it possible to observe the action of the anti-rain system constituted by the edges 6 on which the water pushed by the wind, is evacuated towards the rear. FIG. 14 shows another embodiment of an external screen 49 according to the invention. The screen 49 is articulated on the part 51 along a cylindrical axis "U" coincident with "X" passing through a cylindrical cutout of the same diameter, apart from the functional clearances, practiced in the screen. The lifting movement is simpler here, the raised position being the only position (e). From these two elements follow the design of "cam grooves" 52-54. The cover 55 allows, thanks to a shape 56 coming to engage in a groove formed around the axis "U" above the screen, to ensure by itself the connection between the screen 49 and the part 51 .

FIG. 16 presents another variant in which the screen 57 proper has its ends extended by parts 64. It is these parts 64 which receive the axis "U" and the groove 59 cooperating with a stud 58 of the shell for guiding the screen. In this variant, the screen 57 is detachably linked to the part 64 by these ends each housed in a counterbore 60 of the part 64, and pierced with cutouts 62 in which the bosses 66 of the cover 67 engage, itself even fixed on the piece 64, above the screen, by three screws 65. The screen is also used here to ensure the connection between the piece 64 and the piece 85 by clipping one of its cutouts in a groove made around the axis "U" above the part 64. In this variant embodiment, the screen changes from position (a) to position (e) due to a rotation of the part 85 around the axis "V" at an angle close to 360 °, and not as in the cases studied previously according to an angular sector passing the axis "U" from position "X"'to position "Z" and vice- vice versa. Similarly, while in the previous variants the axis "U" was merged with the axis "X", thereby passing the latter from the position "X"'to position "Y" when it passed itself in these positions, here, the axis "U" is not confused with "X" which is a theoretical axis which should not less coincide with "X"'when the screen is in the closed position (a) and with the "Y" axis when it is in the raised position and pressed against the shell (e). The design of the "groove-cam" 59 as well as the choice of the axes "U" and "V" are established as a function of this requirement of having "X"'and"Y" on the path described by the axis " X "during movements of the screen 57 relative to the shell.

FIG. 18 shows another alternative embodiment of an external screen 68 in which each end of the screen 68 proper is engaged in a counterbore 77 in one piece 75. The edges of the counterbore 77 serve as slides for the screen 68, which can move in translation relative to the part 75. A boss 76 of the external surface of the shell forms an inclined plane passing through a lumen 71 of the part 75 and another lumen 79 of the ends of the screen. A stud 70 of the part 75 passing through the light 79 of the screen limits the amplitude of the movements in translation of the latter relative to the part 75. When the screen is pulled towards the outside of the helmet, the rear edge of the light 79 is supported on the boss 76 and slides over it until, having come into abutment against the stud 70, the ends of the screen and the part 75 are detached from the lateral zones of the shell d '' a sufficient value to make lifting the screen easy. The screen 68 is then in position (c). The part 75 accompanied it in its movement of detachment from the lateral zones of the hull, and not in its movement of translation towards the front. From this position (c), by rotation of the part 75 around the axis "U" - here confused with "X" - of the intermediate part 78 - itself linked to the shell by the central axis "V" - the screen is brought to position (d). During this rotational movement, the boss 76 slides successively on the inclined planes 72 then 73 of the surface of the part 75 in abutment against the shell, to finally be housed in the groove 74 of this same surface of the part 75. By applying a force F ′ on the screen, it is passed from position (d) to (e) by a translational movement of the screen 68 relative to the part 75. During these movements, the axis "U" - therefore "X" - goes from position "X" 'to position "Y".

In all the variant embodiments described, the elastic system holding each end of the external screen, and the annexed parts to which they are linked, bearing against the shell, is constituted by the elasticity of the screen itself, of which the radius of curvature, when disassembled, is - in a horizontal plane like that, according to EE, shown in Figure 3 - less than that of the hull in this same plane. Other means such as springs could equally be used for this purpose.

Figure 19 is a simplified alternative embodiment of the double anti-fog screen system according to the invention. The screen 82 can alone fulfill this function since it has two walls 80-81 which meet at their upper edge. The inlets 84 and the air outlets 83 are formed through the single outer wall 80. The inner wall 81 also joins the wall 80 in the lateral zone close to the ends of the screen 82, behind the air outlets 83.

The object of the invention can be adopted advantageously by any manufacturer of protective helmets of all kinds, both of the so-called "integral" type and of the so-called "jet" or "semi-open" type.

Claims (16)

1. Aerodynamic and antimister system for a protection helmet comprising a shell (2) associated with two raisable sight screens (1, 7), characterized by the fact that the screen (1) is situated outside the shell (2) and the second screen (7) inside so that the space separating said screens in the lowered position, combined with the arrangement of air intake orifices (5) and discharge orifices (28) on the one hand and with the position and height of the inner screen (7) with respect to the outer screen (1) on the other, mean that use of the helmet on a moving vehicle causes the formation of a moving film of air flowing between the two screens (1, 7), so as to permanently oppose the formation of mist in the upper sight zone while protecting the eyes of the user from a direct air stream.

2. Aerodynamic system for a shell of a protection helmet, characterized in that the front part of the shell (2) situated just above the upper edge of the cut-out in the shell defining the useful field of vision is treated so as to form one or more ridges or other recessed or relief shapes with respect to the general curve of the front zone of the shell forming as many "antirain waves" (6) extending above the sight screens (1) into the side zones of the shell (2).

3. Sight screen system raisable outside the shell, according to claim, characterized in that the movement for raising this screen (1) is a movement formed of a rotation and apparent translation which moves (b-c) first of all the screen (1) from the shell (2) and applies it (e) at the end of movement against the front zone of said shell (2).

4. Sight screen system raisable outside the shell, according to claim 1 and 3, characterized in that each of the ends of the screen (1) is connected by the combination of an shaft "U" and a bore (22) to an intermediate piece (21) (21') itself connected to the shell (2) along an axis of rotation "V" situated in a vertical transverse plane forward of the one containing the shaft "U".

5. Shell and sight screen system raisable outside the shell, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the curve of the external surface of the shell (2) in its front zone is - except for the possible system of antirain ridges (6) - in all the planes a continuous convex curve whose profile and radii of curvature are, except for functional clearances, identical to those of the internal face of the screen (1).

6. Shell and sight screen system raisable outside the shell, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axes "U" and "V" are chosen so that the axis "Y" is in the path described by the axis "X" during the raising movement of the screen (1), the axis "X" merging - except for functional clearances - with the axis "Y" when the screen (1) is in position (e), raised and applied against the shell.

7. Sight screen system raisable outside the shell, according to any one of claims 1, 3 to 6, characterized in that a cable system (37) causes, when an operating member (3) to which it is connected is actuated, synchronous rotation, of the same angular value and in the same direction, of the two intermediate pieces (21) (21').

8. Sight screen system raisable outside the shell, according to claim 1 and 7, characterized in that the cable system is formed by a single cable (37) connected to the periphery of each of the two intermediate pieces (21) (21'), and ending, on one side at least, in an operating member (3) by which the rotation in one direction at least of the piece (21) (21') and, therefore a phase at least of the movement of the screen (1) can be thus controlled.

9. Sight screen system raisable outside the shell, according to any one of claims 1, 3 to 8, characterized in that the intermediate pieces (21) (21') are small pulleys.

10. Sight screen system raisable outside the shell, according to any one of claims 1, 3 to 9, characterized in that guiding of the screen (1) is completed by the action of one or more studs (23) (27) (31) cooperating with grooves or apertures (28) (30) (32), serving as cams defining the nature and amplitude of the movements of the screen (1

11. Sight screen system raisable outside the shell, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the ends of the screen (57) is a flat piece (64) comprising the grooves, shafts or functional bores required for connection between the screen (57) and the shell.

12. Sight screen system raisable outside the shell, according to claim 11, characterized in that the screen (68) properly speaking has a possibility of translational movement with respect to the flat pieces (75) extending it and connecting it to the shell.

13. Sight screen system raisable outside the shell, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a combination of inclined planes (26-26') (76-68), between two surfaces which are movable with respect to each other during movement of the screen, causes the ends of the screen (1) (68) to move away from the side zones of the shell during the phase of raising movement causing the screen (1) (68) to pass from the position (a) to the position (c).

14. Sight screen system raisable outside the shell, according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the ends of the screen (1) (49) is covered by a lateral cover (19) (55) forming a "tunnel" above the air discharge orifices (28) (52) formed through the screen (1) (49) and in that each of these covers (55), by clipping a form (56) about the head of the material shaft "U", makes it possible to readily and removably fix the screen (49) without a tool.

15. Sight screen system (7) raisable inside the shell (2), according to claim 1, characterized in that the screen (7) is connected to the shell (2) by non cylindrical cut-outs at its ends, each of which is engaged on a male cooperating section (8) of a piece (9) itself connected to the internal surface of the shell (2) along an axis of rotation (17), and in that a lever (10) extending towards the base of the shell (2), one at least of the pieces (9) on which the screen (7) is engaged, or the screen (7) itself, is an operating member by which the movements of the screen (7) are controlled.

16. Sight screen system (7) raisable inside the shell (2), according to claim 1 or 15, characterized in that the translational connection of the screen (7) with respect to the shell (2) is provided by a combination of recesses and bosses - or studs (14) and grooves (15) - between the screen (7) and the shell (2) or between the screen (7) and the pieces (9), and in that the screen (7) is freed from this connection when it is lowered below its normal position of use.

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