EP0015396A1 - Procédé pour l'augmentation de la durabilité des revêtements réfractaires des convertisseurs à garniture basique - Google Patents
Procédé pour l'augmentation de la durabilité des revêtements réfractaires des convertisseurs à garniture basique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0015396A1 EP0015396A1 EP80100604A EP80100604A EP0015396A1 EP 0015396 A1 EP0015396 A1 EP 0015396A1 EP 80100604 A EP80100604 A EP 80100604A EP 80100604 A EP80100604 A EP 80100604A EP 0015396 A1 EP0015396 A1 EP 0015396A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- melt
- inert gas
- slag
- amount
- vessel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- YLUIKWVQCKSMCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Mg+2].[Ca+2] YLUIKWVQCKSMCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 244000089742 Citrus aurantifolia Species 0.000 description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 steam Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium sulfide Chemical compound [Ca]=S JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/36—Processes yielding slags of special composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
- C21C5/44—Refractory linings
- C21C5/441—Equipment used for making or repairing linings
- C21C5/443—Hot fettling; Flame gunning
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/36—Processes yielding slags of special composition
- C21C2005/366—Foam slags
Definitions
- This invention relates, in general, to a process for refining steel, and more specifically, to an improvement in the basic oxygen process wherein molten steel contained in a vessel is refined by top blowing oxygen into the melt, i.e. from above the melt surface.
- inert gas as used throughout the present specification and claims is intended to mean a gas other than oxygen having as many as possible of the following characteristics: low reactivity, low specific heat, absence of objectionable contaminents,.and high density.
- the preferred inert gas is argon. However, if nitrogen contamination of the melt is not a problem, nitrogen or air may be used.
- Other possible inert gases for use in practicing the invention include helium, neon, krypton, xenon, carbon dioxide, steam, ammonia, and mixtures thereof.
- argon which may be either commercially pure or crude argon is by far the most preferable inert gas.
- the preferred method of introducing inert gas is through the oxygen lance admixed with oxygen.
- the iron charged to a basic oxygen furnace typically contains carbon, silicon, sulfur, and other impurities.
- the main purpose of the oxygen is to remove carbon and silicon from the melt.
- the silicon is oxidized to silicon dioxide which floats on the surface of the melt.
- the carbon is oxidized to carbon monoxide gas which escapes from the mouth of the vessel.
- Slag forming ingredients typically including high-calcium lime, are added to the melt to form a basic slag.
- the high-calcium lime normally containing at least 90 percent by weight of CaO, also removes sulfur by reacting with it to form calcium sulfide.
- Dolomitic lime i.e.
- lime containing at least 30% by weight magnesium oxide is known to improve the life of a vessel's lining, but in addition, it increases the viscosity of the slag, thereby reducing the amount of interaction between the lime in the slag and the melt. The reduced interaction makes it difficult for the lime to remove sulfur from the melt. Since the conventional solution to the problem of obtaining long vessel lining life makes it difficult to make steel having a sufficiently low sulfur content, the amount of dolomitic lime charged to the vessel for conventional oxygen blowing must be limited.
- the normal amount of dolomitic lime used for conventional processes varies from zero to about 40% of the total slag-forming ingredients.
- Typical slag-forming ingredients include high-calcium lime, dolomitic lime, lime stone, and flurospar.
- dolomitic lime is introduced to the slag in an amount exceeding that normally used. That is, each basic oxygen refining system will have a normal amount of dolomitic lime added to the vessel for each grade of steel produced. To practice the present invention the amount of dolomitic lime introduced must exceed the normal amount.
- the slag forming compounds should be introduced in an amount sufficient to reduce the sulfur content of the melt to a desired level, based upon the stoichiometric and thermodynamic aspects of the reaction of sulfur with the compounds.
- dolomitic lime over that normally used is essential to increasing the life of the vessel's refractory lining.
- the amount of dolomitic lime will be at least equal to that of the lime introduced, as shown in the examples to follow.
- the sulfur content of the steel can be reduced to.meet the specification, even if the amount of dolomitic lime is equal to 2 or 3 times the amount of lime introduced.
- Extra agitation or mixing is required in the vessel because of the increased slag viscosity caused by the larger amount of dolomitic lime.
- the extra agitation is provided by introducing inert gas into the vessel in such manner as to cause intensive interaction between the slag and the melt.
- the present invention may be practiced in conjunction with the method of Thokar et al for using argon in the BOF or make low nitrogen and low oxygen steel as disclosed in German Offenlegungsschrift 27 45 722 and in U.S. application Serial No. 880,562, filed February 23, 1978.
- the inert gas must be introduced in such manner as to cause intensive interaction between the slag and the melt.
- the inert gas is introduced through the oxygen lance by metering it into the oxygen line.
- the inert gas may be introduced through a separate lance directed to impinge oxygen-free fluid against the surface of the melt.
- the sulfur content of the melt at the end of the oxygen blow is one of the most difficult variables to control in the basic oxygen process, occasionally, even when the present invention is practiced the sulfur content of the melt at the end of a blow will be higher than desired.
- the sulfur content of the melt may be lowered in accordance with the present invention by adding at least one sulfur-removing compound, such as high-calcium lime, to the slag in the vessel and reblowing the melt with inert gas alone in such a manner as to cause intensive interaction between the slag and the melt until the sulfur content is reduced to the desired level.
- at least one sulfur-removing compound such as high-calcium lime
- the melt with inert gas alone in the above described manner may be used to lower the sulfur content to the desired level.
- Fig. la illustrates a basic oxygen refining vessel together with an oxygen lance through which inert gas likewise is introduced by metering it into the oxygen line.
- Fig. lb illustrates a modified embodiment for practicing the method of the invention, wherein the inert gas is introduced through a separate lance.
- a basic oxygen vessel 1 is provided with a refractory lining 2.
- a lance 4 is used to inject oxygen and inert gas which is metered into the oxygen line connected to lance 4.
- the gases are blown into the melt 5 from above the melt surface through lance 4 whereby an emulsion 6 composed of a complex mixture of liquid oxides, gas bubbles, solid oxide particles and droplets of liquid metal is formed.
- a separate lance 3 is provided in addition to oxygen lance 4.
- the inert gas is introduced through lance 3 directed to impinge oxygen-free fluid against the surface of melt 5.
- the normal dolomitic lime charge for this vessel was 16,000 lbs.
- the normal slag-forming ingredients were comprised of 16,000 lbs. of dolomitic lime and 24,000 lbs. of high-calcium lime, and 2,000 lbs. of flurospar.
- the dolomitic lime charge was increased to 35,000 lbs. and the high-calcium lime charge was reduced to 10,000 lbs. and argon was injected into the vessel in accordance with the method of addition disclosed in Thokar et al mentioned previously.
- the argon was injected at a constant rate of 3,500.standard cubic feet per minute during the latter portion of the oxygen blow.
- the life of the lining of this vessel was extended from a previous life of about 780 heats to about 1100 heats.
- no difficulty was encountered making steel having sulfur content as low as desired.
- flurospar which is known to aid sulfur removal, was not used.
- Another advantage of the invention is a saving in the amount of flurospar charged to the vessel.
- the typical maximum sulfur content allowed by the specifications for steel made by this vessel was 0.025% sulfur.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US1031579A | 1979-02-07 | 1979-02-07 | |
| US10315 | 1979-02-07 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0015396A1 true EP0015396A1 (fr) | 1980-09-17 |
| EP0015396B1 EP0015396B1 (fr) | 1985-05-15 |
Family
ID=21745183
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP80100604A Expired EP0015396B1 (fr) | 1979-02-07 | 1980-02-06 | Procédé pour l'augmentation de la durabilité des revêtements réfractaires des convertisseurs à garniture basique |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0015396B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPS5952201B2 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU5526080A (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR8000733A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA1143947A (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE3070636D1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES8100349A1 (fr) |
| FI (1) | FI800335A7 (fr) |
| IN (1) | IN153626B (fr) |
| MX (1) | MX154163A (fr) |
| NO (1) | NO800301L (fr) |
| PH (1) | PH15430A (fr) |
| RO (1) | RO79757A (fr) |
| ZA (1) | ZA80213B (fr) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2603692A1 (fr) * | 1986-06-16 | 1988-03-11 | Voest Alpine Ag | Procede pour revetir d'une matiere resistante a la chaleur le garnissage refractaire d'un four de fusion metallurgique |
| DE3936715A1 (de) * | 1989-11-03 | 1991-05-08 | Kortec Ag | Verfahren zum einbringen von fliessfaehigen zuschlagsstoffen in ein metallurgisches gefaess und gefaess fuer dieses verfahren |
| CN1035017C (zh) * | 1994-04-21 | 1997-05-28 | 鞍山钢铁公司 | 炼钢中用轻烧镁球团造渣法 |
| GB2553342A (en) * | 2016-09-02 | 2018-03-07 | Materials Proc Institute | Producing steel |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2525633A1 (fr) * | 1982-04-22 | 1983-10-28 | Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech | Procede pour ameliorer la duree de vie d'elements refractaires permeables loges dans le fond des recipients metallurgiques d'affinage, notamment des convertisseurs d'acierie a soufflage d'oxygene par le haut |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1346148A (fr) * | 1963-01-31 | 1963-12-13 | Centre Nat Rech Metall | Procédé pour la protection du revêtement intérieur des fours métallurgiques |
| US3288592A (en) * | 1963-01-16 | 1966-11-29 | Pfizer & Co C | Process for reducing deterioration in equipment handling molten materials |
| FR1536457A (fr) * | 1967-07-07 | 1968-08-16 | Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech | Procédé pour la protection des revêtements réfractaires des récipients métallurgiques d'affinage continu |
| US3726665A (en) * | 1969-10-15 | 1973-04-10 | C & W Corson H Inc | Slagging in basic steel-making process |
| DE2323165A1 (de) * | 1972-05-09 | 1973-11-22 | Blanq Cazaux Armando Jose | Verfahren zur herstellung von eisen oder stahl |
| US3915696A (en) * | 1970-01-08 | 1975-10-28 | Ferdinand Fink | Sintered preformed slag for the steel industry |
| FR2322202A1 (fr) * | 1975-08-29 | 1977-03-25 | Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech | Procede d'elaboration d'acier par soufflage d'oxygene |
| DE2745722A1 (de) * | 1977-01-11 | 1978-07-20 | Nat Steel Corp Pittsburg | Verfahren zur herstellung von kohlenstoff- und stickstoffarmen staehlen nach dem sauerstoffaufblasverfahren |
| DE2816897A1 (de) * | 1977-06-17 | 1979-01-04 | Quigley Co | Verfahren zum verlaengern der lebensdauer des futters in aod-oefen |
-
1979
- 1979-12-19 CA CA000342245A patent/CA1143947A/fr not_active Expired
-
1980
- 1980-01-14 ZA ZA00800213A patent/ZA80213B/xx unknown
- 1980-01-21 IN IN40/DEL/80A patent/IN153626B/en unknown
- 1980-02-04 JP JP55011600A patent/JPS5952201B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1980-02-04 FI FI800335A patent/FI800335A7/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-02-05 NO NO800301A patent/NO800301L/no unknown
- 1980-02-05 PH PH23600A patent/PH15430A/en unknown
- 1980-02-06 MX MX181089A patent/MX154163A/es unknown
- 1980-02-06 RO RO80100107A patent/RO79757A/fr unknown
- 1980-02-06 ES ES488303A patent/ES8100349A1/es not_active Expired
- 1980-02-06 AU AU55260/80A patent/AU5526080A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1980-02-06 EP EP80100604A patent/EP0015396B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1980-02-06 BR BR8000733A patent/BR8000733A/pt unknown
- 1980-02-06 DE DE8080100604T patent/DE3070636D1/de not_active Expired
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3288592A (en) * | 1963-01-16 | 1966-11-29 | Pfizer & Co C | Process for reducing deterioration in equipment handling molten materials |
| FR1346148A (fr) * | 1963-01-31 | 1963-12-13 | Centre Nat Rech Metall | Procédé pour la protection du revêtement intérieur des fours métallurgiques |
| FR1536457A (fr) * | 1967-07-07 | 1968-08-16 | Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech | Procédé pour la protection des revêtements réfractaires des récipients métallurgiques d'affinage continu |
| US3726665A (en) * | 1969-10-15 | 1973-04-10 | C & W Corson H Inc | Slagging in basic steel-making process |
| US3915696A (en) * | 1970-01-08 | 1975-10-28 | Ferdinand Fink | Sintered preformed slag for the steel industry |
| DE2323165A1 (de) * | 1972-05-09 | 1973-11-22 | Blanq Cazaux Armando Jose | Verfahren zur herstellung von eisen oder stahl |
| FR2322202A1 (fr) * | 1975-08-29 | 1977-03-25 | Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech | Procede d'elaboration d'acier par soufflage d'oxygene |
| DE2745722A1 (de) * | 1977-01-11 | 1978-07-20 | Nat Steel Corp Pittsburg | Verfahren zur herstellung von kohlenstoff- und stickstoffarmen staehlen nach dem sauerstoffaufblasverfahren |
| DE2816897A1 (de) * | 1977-06-17 | 1979-01-04 | Quigley Co | Verfahren zum verlaengern der lebensdauer des futters in aod-oefen |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| STAHL UND EISEN, Vol. 98, No. 16, 1978 Dusseldorf K.-H. OBST et al. "Beeinflussung der Kalkauflosung durch naturliche und synthetische Flussmittel" pages 834 to 841 * pages 835 and 836 * * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2603692A1 (fr) * | 1986-06-16 | 1988-03-11 | Voest Alpine Ag | Procede pour revetir d'une matiere resistante a la chaleur le garnissage refractaire d'un four de fusion metallurgique |
| DE3936715A1 (de) * | 1989-11-03 | 1991-05-08 | Kortec Ag | Verfahren zum einbringen von fliessfaehigen zuschlagsstoffen in ein metallurgisches gefaess und gefaess fuer dieses verfahren |
| WO1991006683A1 (fr) * | 1989-11-03 | 1991-05-16 | Kortec Ag | Procede pour l'introduction d'additifs coulants dans un recipient metallurgique et recipient s'y rapportant |
| US5201941A (en) * | 1989-11-03 | 1993-04-13 | Kortec Ag | Process for introducing additive substances which are capable of flow into a metallurgical vessel and a vessel for that process |
| CN1035017C (zh) * | 1994-04-21 | 1997-05-28 | 鞍山钢铁公司 | 炼钢中用轻烧镁球团造渣法 |
| GB2553342A (en) * | 2016-09-02 | 2018-03-07 | Materials Proc Institute | Producing steel |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MX154163A (es) | 1987-05-28 |
| IN153626B (fr) | 1984-07-28 |
| JPS55107714A (en) | 1980-08-19 |
| ZA80213B (en) | 1980-12-31 |
| FI800335A7 (fi) | 1981-01-01 |
| RO79757A (fr) | 1983-02-01 |
| PH15430A (en) | 1983-01-18 |
| BR8000733A (pt) | 1980-10-21 |
| CA1143947A (fr) | 1983-04-05 |
| ES488303A0 (es) | 1980-11-01 |
| EP0015396B1 (fr) | 1985-05-15 |
| JPS5952201B2 (ja) | 1984-12-18 |
| AU5526080A (en) | 1980-08-14 |
| NO800301L (no) | 1980-08-08 |
| DE3070636D1 (en) | 1985-06-20 |
| ES8100349A1 (es) | 1980-11-01 |
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