CN103636320B - Sorghum precision furrow seeder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a sorghum precision furrow seeder, which belongs to the furrow seeder, and its structure includes a frame, a seed collection box, a ground wheel and a traction frame. Each seed bin is provided with a seed divider at the bottom of each seed bin, and each seed divider is connected with the ground wheel sprocket through the seed divider sprocket respectively, and a plurality of ground wheel sprockets are respectively arranged on a ground wheel shaft Above, the two ends of the ground wheel shaft are respectively connected with the left ground wheel and the right ground wheel, the lower part of the seed divider is provided with a ditch opener, and the rear of each seed divider is respectively equipped with a pressing wheel; each seed divider includes Seed sorting box, isolation disc, sorting turntable, rotating shaft, sowing tube and seed delivery device. The invention can improve the sowing precision of sorghum, and can meet the requirement of equal interval between one grain and two grains. Each seed divider is separately driven and can be replaced at any time; Salt content is conducive to seed germination and germination.

Description

Sorghum precision furrow seeder

technical field

The invention relates to a furrow sower, in particular to a sorghum precision furrow sower in saline-alkali land.

Background technique

At present, sorghum sowing is mostly carried out by general-purpose machinery, and the sorting disc adopts the method of axial cavity. Although this kind of sorting method is convenient and quick, it lacks precision, and sometimes there will be vacancies, which will affect the precision of sowing. Due to the current seeding machine is used to complete the seeding by means of fixed holes or socket wheels, although the seeding density can be increased by changing the seeding speed, the number of seeded grains cannot be changed. The seeding disc is connected to a shaft in series. It is good to replace it at any time. In addition, due to the transpiration of water in saline-alkali land, the soil surface has the characteristics of returning to salt, so the saline-alkali content of the soil surface is relatively high, which reduces the emergence rate and quality of sorghum.

Currently, there is no good solution.

Contents of the invention

The technical task of the present invention is to provide a sorghum precision furrow sowing machine for saline-alkali land in view of the deficiencies in the prior art above. Equal interval requirements, each seed divider is individually driven and can be replaced at any time; the opener pushes the surface soil to both sides to form a ridge, thereby reducing the salt content at the bottom of the ditch, which is conducive to the characteristics of seed germination.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: it includes a frame, a seed collection box, ground wheels and a traction frame, the seed collection box is arranged on the top of the frame, and the traction frame is arranged on the front side of the frame , the ground wheels are arranged at the bottom of the frame, the ground wheels include left ground wheels and right ground wheels, a plurality of isolation bins are arranged in the described seed collection box, and the plurality of isolation bins will collect the seeds The box is divided into multiple seed bins, each seed bin is provided with a seed divider at the lower part, and each seed divider is respectively provided with a seed divider sprocket, and each seed divider sprocket Link to the ground wheel sprockets respectively through chains, the number of the ground wheel sprockets is the same as that of the seed divider sprocket, the multiple ground wheel sprockets are respectively arranged on a ground wheel shaft, and the ground wheel shaft The two ends are respectively connected with the left ground wheel and the right ground wheel, the lower part of the described seed divider is provided with a ditch opener, and the rear part of each described seed divider is respectively provided with a pressing wheel; each of the described The seed divider includes a sorting box, an isolation disc, a sorting turntable, a rotating shaft, a sowing tube and a seed delivery device. The sorting box is provided with a horizontal cylindrical inner cavity; the separating disc is fixedly arranged on the sorting In the inner cavity of the box, the inner cavity of the sorting box is isolated into the first space and the second space in the axial direction; the top of the isolation plate is provided with a seed delivery channel communicating with the first space and the second space; The turntable is located in the first space, one end face of the sorting turntable fits with the end face of the isolation disc, and the other end face of the sorting turntable fits with the inner end face of the sorting box; A plurality of sorting parts; the sorting part is provided with a seed passage; one end of the seed passage is the seed inlet, and the other end is the seed outlet; the seed passage is continuously and gradually inclined from the seed inlet to the seed outlet, and the seeds The vertical distance from the inlet end to the axis of the sorting turntable is greater than the vertical distance from the seed outlet to the axis of the sorting turntable; and the vertical distance from the seed outlet to the axis of the sorting turntable is equal to the vertical distance from the seed delivery channel to the axis of the isolation disc The rotating shaft is coaxially arranged with the cylindrical inner cavity and the sorting turntable, the sorting turntable is fixed on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is connected with the sprocket wheel of the sorting device located outside the sorting box; the sorting box The bottom of the inner second space is provided with a seed outlet and the seed outlet is connected to the sowing pipe outside the seed sorting box; the bottom of the first space in the seed sorting box is provided with a seed inlet; the seed inlet is connected to the seed sorting box The vertical distance of the axis is equal to the vertical distance from the seed inlet end of the sorting part to the axis of the sorting turntable; the seed sorting box is provided with a seed delivery device communicating with the seed inlet.

A seed storage disc is provided in the second space; the seed storage disc is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft; the rotating shaft passes through the isolation disc; one end face of the seed storage disc is attached to the end face of the isolation disc; The seed coil is evenly distributed with a plurality of seed storage grooves around the axis of its own axis, and the vertical distance from the seed storage groove to the axis of the seed storage disc is equal to the vertical distance from the seed delivery channel on the isolation disc to the axis of the isolation disc; The outer end in the circumferential direction is provided with a seed outlet, and the seed outlet of the seed sorting box is at the same position as the seed outlet in the axial direction of the cylindrical inner cavity.

The sorting turntable includes a sorting turntable with evenly spaced holes and a kind of sorting turntable with evenly spaced and large holes; the radial dimensions of the seed passages on the evenly spaced and evenly holed sorting turntable are equal in size; The radial size of the seed channels on the evenly spaced and small hole sorting turntable has two specifications, and the seed channels of the two specifications are spaced apart from each other.

The seed sending device includes a seed collection box and a seed drop pipe, the seed inlet of the seed sorting box communicates with the bottom end of the seed drop pipe, and the seed collection box is located at the top of the seed drop pipe and both communicate.

There are three isolation bins, which are evenly arranged along the seed collection box; there are four seed dividers.

Compared with the prior art, the sorghum precision furrow sowing machine of the present invention has the following outstanding beneficial effects: the sowing precision in the sorghum experiment is improved, and the experimental requirements of one grain and two grains at equal intervals can be completed according to the experimental requirements; The seed divider is driven separately and can be replaced at any time; under the condition of the seeder running at the same speed and the same distance, by adjusting the seeding disc itself, different seeding amounts and different seeding distances can be realized to meet the requirements of the comparative test of seeds; It reduces the extrusion and strong friction of the seeds in the seed box, the seed divider and the seed box, and increases the quality of the seeds. At the same time, it reduces the use of the brush as a seed stopper, effectively solving the problem of damage to the seeds due to the friction of the brush. The characteristics of the error problem caused by the classification.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the main view structure schematic diagram of sorghum precision furrow seeder;

Accompanying drawing 2 is the top view structure schematic diagram of sorghum precision furrow seeder;

Accompanying drawing 3 is the right view structure diagram of sorghum precision furrow seeder;

Accompanying drawing 4 is the structural representation of the seed divider of embodiment one of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 5 is the structure schematic diagram of the average spacing and average hole type sorting turntable in the first embodiment of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 6 is the structural representation of the average-distance hole-type sorting turntable in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the isolation plate in the first embodiment of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 8 is the structural representation of the seed divider of embodiment two of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 9 is the structural representation of storage tray in the embodiment of the present invention two;

Accompanying drawing 10 is the structural representation of another embodiment of sorting carousel.

Explanation of reference signs: 1. Isolation bin plate, 2. Seed collection box, 3. Seed divider, 4. Traction frame, 5. Right ground wheel, 6. Ditch opener, 7. Ground wheel shaft, 8. Seed divider Sprocket wheel, 9, chain, 10, ground wheel sprocket wheel, 11, suppression wheel, 12, left ground wheel, 13, frame, 14, collection seed box, 15, drop seed pipe, 16, sorting box, 17, Seed inlet, 18, seed outlet, 19, sorting turntable, 20, sorting parts, 21, seed channel, 22, seed inlet, 23, seed outlet, 24, isolation disc, 25, seed delivery channel, 26, rotating shaft, 27, sowing pipe, 28, storage seed dish, 29, storage seed groove, 30, kind opening.

Detailed ways

With reference to the accompanying drawings 1 to 10 of the description, the sorghum precision furrow planter of the present invention is described in detail below.

Embodiment one: the sorghum precision furrow planter of the present invention, its structure comprises frame 13, seed collecting box 2, ground wheel and traction frame 4, described seed collecting box 2 is arranged on the top of frame 13, and traction frame 4 is arranged on the front side of the frame 13, and the ground wheels are arranged on the lower part of the frame 13. The ground wheels include a left ground wheel 12 and a right ground wheel 5, and a plurality of isolation bins are arranged in the seed collection box 2 Board 1, the plurality of isolated compartments. The plurality of isolation bins. There is a seed divider sprocket 8, and each of the seed divider sprockets 8 is connected to the ground wheel sprocket 10 through a chain 9, and the number of the ground wheel sprockets 10 is the same as that of the seed divider sprocket 8 , the plurality of ground wheel sprockets 10 are respectively arranged on a ground wheel shaft 7, and the two ends of the ground wheel shaft 7 are respectively connected with the left ground wheel 12 and the right ground wheel 5, and the described seed divider 3 The lower part of is provided with ditch opener 6, and the rear part of each described seed divider 3 is provided with suppressing wheel 11 respectively; Turntable 19, rotating shaft 26, sowing pipe 27 and seed delivery device, described sorting box 16 is provided with horizontal cylindrical cavity; The inner cavity of the seed box 16 is axially isolated into a first space and a second space; the top of the isolation disc 24 is provided with a seed delivery passage 25 communicating with the first space and the second space; In the first space, one end face of the sorting turntable 19 fits with the end face of the isolation disc 24, and the other end face of the sorting turntable 19 fits with the inner end face of the sorting box 16; A plurality of sorting parts 20 are arranged; the sorting parts 20 are provided with a seed channel 21; one end of the seed channel 21 is a seed inlet 22, and the other end is a seed outlet 23; The outlet end 23 is continuously inclined gradually, and the vertical distance from the seed inlet end 22 to the axis of the sorting turntable 19 is greater than the vertical distance from the seed outlet end 23 to the axis of the sorting turntable 19; The vertical distance is equal to the vertical distance from the seed delivery channel 25 to the axis of the isolation disc 24;

According to the size of seed, this sorting turntable 19 is provided with two kinds of specifications:

The first sorting turntable 19 is an evenly spaced and even hole type sorting turntable, and the radial dimensions of the seed passages 21 of its plurality of sorting parts 20 are equal, for example, the radial dimensions of the seed passages 21 can only accommodate two seeds at a time.

The second sorting turntable 19 is an evenly spaced hole-type sorting turntable, and the radial dimensions of the seed passages 21 of a plurality of sorting parts 20 are arranged at intervals of two sizes, for example, the radial dimension of a seed passage can only be To accommodate one seed, the radial dimensions of two adjacent seed passages accommodate two seeds at a time, and so on.

Like this before sowing, according to sowing requirements, select a kind of sorting turntable 19 of specification to install and get final product. Two kinds of sorting rotating disks 19 realize the contrast of two different seeding rates.

The rotating shaft 26 is coaxially arranged with the cylindrical inner cavity and the sorting turntable 19, and the sorting turntable 19 is fixed on the rotating shaft 26, and the rotating shaft 26 is connected with the sprocket wheel 8 of the sorting device outside the sorting box 16. The bottom of the first space in the sorting box 16 is provided with a seed inlet 17; the vertical distance from the seed inlet 17 to the axis of the sorting box 16 is equal to the seed inlet end 22 of the sorting part 20 to the sorting turntable 19 the vertical distance of the axis; the seed sorting box 16 is externally provided with a seed delivery device communicated with the seed inlet 17. The seed delivery device includes a seed collection box 14 and a seed drop pipe 15. The seed inlet 17 of the seed sorting box 16 communicates with the bottom of the seed drop pipe 15, and the seed collection box 14 is located at the top of the seed drop pipe 15. And the two are interlinked.

There are three isolation bins 1, which are evenly arranged along the seed collection box 2; there are four seed dividers 3.

The bottom of the second space in the sorting box 16 is provided with a seed outlet 18, and the seed outlet 18 is connected to the seeding pipe 27 outside the sorting box 16;

The working principle of the seed divider is as follows:

The seeds to be sown fall into the seed collection box 14, and the seeds slide down to the seed inlet 17 of the first space of the sorting box 16 along the seed pipe 15.

At the same time, the ground wheel rolls forward, drives the seed divider sprocket wheel 8 to rotate by chain 9, and the seed divider sprocket wheel 8 drives the rotating shaft 26 to rotate. The sorting turntable 19 is fixed to rotate together with the rotating shaft 26 .

When any sorting part 20 on the sorting turntable 19 rotates to the seed inlet 17, the seeds falling into the seed inlet 17 enter the seed channel 21 of the sorting part 20. Along with the sorting part 20 rotates to the seed passage 25 of the separating disc 24, the seed slides down along the seed passage 25 of the sorting part under the action of its own gravity and arrives at the second space through the seeding passage 25 of the separating disc 24, and falls Fall to the seed outlet 18 of the sorting box 16, and finally be sowed into the soil by the seeding pipe 27.

The spacing of sowing can be realized by adjusting the rotational speed of the sorting rotating disk 19.

Embodiment 2, as a more preferred implementation, in this embodiment, a seed storage tray 28 is arranged in the second space; the seed storage tray 28 is fixed on the rotating shaft 26; the rotating shaft 26 passes through the Said isolation disc 24; an end face of the storage disc 28 is attached to the end face of the isolation disc 24; the storage disc 28 is evenly distributed with a plurality of storage grooves 29 around its own axis circumference, and the storage groove 29 reaches the storage disc. The vertical distance of the 28 axis is equal to the vertical distance from the seed delivery channel 25 to the isolation disc 24 axis on the isolation disc 24; The position of the seed outlet 18 of the box 16 and the seed outlet opening 30 in the axial direction of the cylindrical cavity are the same.

When the seed divider is sowing, the seeds will directly enter the seed storage groove 29 of the seed storage tray 28 when the seeds arrive at the second space through the seed delivery channel 25 of the isolation disc 24, and the seed storage tray 28 continues to rotate until it reaches the seed storage recess. When the groove 29 rotated to the seed outlet 18 of the sorting box, the seed fell out from the seed opening 30, entered the sowing pipe 27 through the seed outlet 18, and was sown in the soil.

All the other undescribed technologies are all the same as in embodiment one.

In this embodiment, the seeds transported by each sorting unit 20 can be promptly sown into the soil, so that the seeds are prevented from staying in the sorting box, and there will be no mixing, and the abrasion of the seeds can be reduced to ensure that the quality of the seeds does not slip. cause damage. Therefore, compared with Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

In addition, the sorting member 20 of the present invention may be tubular or groove-shaped. If it is groove-shaped, the opening of the groove is outward along the radial direction, and the edge of the notch is attached to the inner wall of the sorting box. Prevents seeds from leaking out or getting stuck. Tubular shape is preferred to avoid abrasion of the seeds.

During use, the traction frame 4 is connected to the tractor, and under the traction of the tractor, the ground wheel of the ditch seeder and the ground frictionally rotate to drive the ground wheel shaft 7 to rotate, thereby driving the ground wheel sprocket 10 on the ground wheel shaft 7 to rotate, and the ground wheel chain Wheel 10 links to each other with seed divider sprocket wheel 8 through chain 9, drives seed divider sprocket 8 to rotate, thereby drives the rotating shaft 26 of seed divider to rotate, and seed divider 3 separates the seed in the seed collection box 2, accurately divides After the seeds are planted, the seeds are dropped, and under the traction of the tractor, the opener 6 draws a trench on the ground, and the sowing pipe 27 of the seed divider 3 is behind the opener 6, and the opener 6 passes through both sides of the soil at the same time. The ridge is formed to push the soil with high saline content on the surface of the saline-alkali ground to both sides, thereby reducing the salt content at the bottom of the ditch, which is beneficial to the germination of seeds. After sowing, the pressing wheel 11 suppresses the soil and compacts the seeds to complete the sowing work.

Except for the technical features described in the instructions, all are known technologies by those skilled in the art.

Claims (5)

1. Chinese sorghum essence amount furrow seeder, comprise frame, collection kind of case, land wheel and hitch frame, described collection kind case is arranged on the top of frame, hitch frame is arranged on the front side of frame, land wheel is arranged on the bottom of frame, described land wheel comprises left land wheel and right land wheel, it is characterized in that: in described collection kind case, be provided with multiple isolation cabin plate, collection kind of a case is divided into multiple kinds of storehouses by described multiple isolation cabin plates, the bottom in each kind of storehouse is respectively arranged with a seeder, each described seeder is respectively arranged with a seeder sprocket wheel, each described seeder sprocket wheel is connected with ground wheel sprocket respectively by chain, described ground wheel sprocket is identical with seeder sprocket wheel number, multiple described ground wheel sprocket is separately positioned on a land axle, the two ends of described land axle are connected with right land wheel with left land wheel respectively, the bottom of described seeder is provided with plough, the rear portion of each described seeder is respectively arranged with press wheel, each described seeder comprises point kind of box, separator, sub-species of turntable, rotating shaft, sowing pipe and send kind of a device, and described point kind of a box is provided with horizontal cylindrical lumens, described separator is fixedly installed in point inner chamber of kind of box, and a point inner chamber for kind of box is isolated into the first space, second space vertically, the top of separator be provided with connection first space, second space send kind of a passage, described sub-species of turntable is positioned at the first described space, and an end face of sub-species of turntable and separator end face are fitted, and another end face of sub-species of turntable is fitted with point kind of a box inner face, sub-species of turntable is evenly distributed in multiple points of kind parts around own axes, described point of kind parts are provided with a seed channel, one end of seed channel is seed inlet side, and the other end is that seed goes out end, goes out to hold continuous print to tilt gradually by seed inlet side to seed in seed channel, and seed inlet side to the vertical range of sub-species of turntable axis is greater than seed goes out the vertical range of end to sub-species of turntable axis, and described seed go out end to the vertical range of sub-species of turntable axis equal described in send kind of passage to the vertical range of separator axis, described rotating shaft and cylindrical lumens, sub-species of turntable are coaxially set, and sub-species of turntable is packed in described rotating shaft, and rotating shaft is connected with the seeder sprocket wheel be positioned at outside point kind of box, kind of mouth is provided with out bottom second space and this goes out kind of mouth and connects the sowing pipe be positioned at outside point kind box in described point of kind box, in described point of kind box, the first space bottom is provided with seed inlet, described seed inlet equals the vertical range of seed inlet side to sub-species of turntable axis of described point of kind of parts to point vertical range of kind of box axis, be provided with outside described point of kind box be communicated with described seed inlet send kind of a device.

2. Chinese sorghum essence amount furrow seeder according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be provided with a kinds of bank deposits dish in described second space; This kinds of bank deposits dish is packed in described rotating shaft; Rotating shaft is through described separator; An end face and the described separator end face of kinds of bank deposits dish are fitted; Kinds of bank deposits coiling own axes is evenly distributed in multiple kinds of bank deposits groove, and kinds of bank deposits groove to the vertical range of kinds of bank deposits disk axis equals vertical range separator sending kind of passage to separator axis; Kinds of bank deposits groove is provided with out kind of an opening in kinds of bank deposits dish outer end circumferentially, and to go out kind of opening identical in cylindrical lumens position axially with this for kind of the mouth that goes out of described point of kind box.

3. Chinese sorghum according to claim 1 essence amount furrow seeder, is characterized in that: described sub-species of turntable comprise a kind of all apart from equal cellular type sub-species of turntable and one all apart from large orifice type sub-species of turntable; The radial dimension equal and opposite in direction of described seed channel in described equal distance equal cellular type sub-species of turntable; In described equal distance large orifice type sub-species of turntable, the radial dimension size of described seed channel is provided with two kinds of specifications, and the spaced setting of the seed channel of two kinds of specifications.

4. Chinese sorghum according to claim 1 essence amount furrow seeder, is characterized in that: described in send kind of a device to comprise collection kind of box, a planting pipe, the seed inlet of described point of kind box is communicated with the bottom of planting pipe, and described collection plants box and be positioned at the top of planting pipe and both communicate.

5. Chinese sorghum essence amount furrow seeder according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described isolation cabin plate is 3, evenly arranges along collection kind of a case; Described seeder is 4.