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WO2025215375A1 - Textiles de soin des plaies - Google Patents

Textiles de soin des plaies

Info

Publication number
WO2025215375A1
WO2025215375A1 PCT/GB2025/050780 GB2025050780W WO2025215375A1 WO 2025215375 A1 WO2025215375 A1 WO 2025215375A1 GB 2025050780 W GB2025050780 W GB 2025050780W WO 2025215375 A1 WO2025215375 A1 WO 2025215375A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substrate layer
wound
substance
wound dressing
substances
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/GB2025/050780
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Genevieve HARRIS
Manjunath PENAGONDIA
Hollie HATHAWAY
Samantha HUTCHINSON
David Parsons
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Convatec Ltd
Original Assignee
Convatec Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB2405224.3A external-priority patent/GB202405224D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB2405228.4A external-priority patent/GB202405228D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB2405226.8A external-priority patent/GB202405226D0/en
Application filed by Convatec Ltd filed Critical Convatec Ltd
Publication of WO2025215375A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025215375A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/00051—Accessories for dressings
    • A61F13/00063—Accessories for dressings comprising medicaments or additives, e.g. odor control, PH control, debriding, antimicrobic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/00987—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing non-adhesive dressings or bandages
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/02—Adhesive bandages or dressings
    • A61F13/0203—Adhesive bandages or dressings with fluid retention members

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates generally to wound care, and more particularly to wound dressings or debridement tools having a defined substance surface coverage and/or substance deposition depth.
  • the disclosure further relates to printing methods, and more particularly to a method of applying one or more substance(s) to substrate layers of an article.
  • BACKGROUND [0002] Owing to an aging population and growing prevalence of vasculopathy, the incidence of chronic wounds is increasing worldwide. Chronic wounds are a major burden on healthcare systems and patient quality of life, often leading to loss of function and amputation.
  • a wound is classed as chronic if it fails to progress through this sequence within 4 ⁇ 6 weeks.
  • Wound chronicity is often attributed to diabetes and vascular diseases.
  • the resulting nerve damage and poor perfusion to extremities alter the wound microenvironment and delay healing.
  • Chronic wound healing stalls in the inflammatory phase due to an imbalance of cytokines, proteases, and their inhibitors.
  • Prolonged inflammation leads to the accumulation of slough, a fibrinous substance composed of dead leukocytes and degraded proteins.
  • Microbial infection occurs in almost all wounds and is a significant cause of chronicity. Bacteria adhere to necrotic tissue in the wound bed and form microcolonies that secrete extracellular polymeric substances (EPS).
  • EPS extracellular polymeric substances
  • Biofilm sequesters antimicrobials and inhibits the activation of phagocytes, providing resistance to both antimicrobials and the host immune system. Moreover, biofilm in the wound bed impedes the
  • Biofilm is believed to exist in up to 80% of chronic wounds and is a direct cause of wound chronicity. Slough, and other non ⁇ viable matter, delays the formation of granulation tissue and facilitates the development of biofilm. It is evident that for any wound to successfully heal, biofilm and necrotic tissue must be removed from the wound bed.
  • Ideal wound management involves the reduction of microorganisms and necrotic tissue to levels that can be managed by the host immune system, without inducing damage to healthy tissues nor bacterial resistance.
  • Standard wound care involves cleansing the wound to remove loosely attached debris and bacteria, followed by the removal of necrotic tissue (debridement), and finally dressing application.
  • Dressings optimise the healing environment by balancing moisture levels, preventing infection, and removing debris.
  • wounds should be irrigated between dressing changes to remove any debris and biofilm that may have sloughed off onto the dressing. With little clinical evidence supporting the use of more specialised cleansing materials, normal saline is often used to irrigate wounds due to its high biocompatibility.
  • WO 2021/186188 A1 describes a wound dressing or debridement tool comprising an absorbent layer impregnated or coated with a composition comprising a chelating agent, an amphoteric surfactant, and an anionic surfactant.
  • a wound dressing or debridement tool to ensure good uniformity and consistency in manufactured articles, and during use, for example when saturated with wound exudate.
  • Preparation of wound dressing or debridement tool typically requires printing of various substances on fabrics or other sheet ⁇ based materials, which may be carried out in a substantially direct or indirect manner, by discharge or by resist independently of the type of process used.
  • the direct printing method consists of applying a formulation directly onto the material and subsequently fixing said formulation onto the fibres of the material. Particularly, direct printing may be carried out by using conventional roller printing or flat screen printing procedures.
  • roller printing methods e.g.
  • the method utilises equipment generally consists of a plurality of cylinders and/or rollers on which a number of engraved rollers may apply a particular formulation to an interceding material, such as a fabric material or other sheet ⁇ based materials.
  • an interceding material such as a fabric material or other sheet ⁇ based materials.
  • roller printing methods such as a Gravure printing process or a Rotary Pad printing process
  • the formulation is typically provided to the printing roller by passing through an underlying tray, where the printing roller takes up the formulation from the underlying tray, while a doctor blade eliminates any excess ink.
  • This printing typology allows the application of substances on a material in a rapid and economical manner.
  • This technology is often used for applying substances onto fabrics, such as woven or nonwoven fabrics, and sheet ⁇ based materials, such as foams or plastic sheet materials.
  • fabrics such as woven or nonwoven fabrics, and sheet ⁇ based materials, such as foams or plastic sheet materials.
  • drawbacks to the previously described methods when the substance is to be applied in an accurate manner, particularly where precise volumes or doses of a substance are to be deposited on a substrate. For example, it is known that with nonwoven fabrics are uneven, porous, stretchable and easily creased materials.
  • wound dressings may have utility in a wide variety of applications, such as medical device articles.
  • wound dressings debridement tools, ostomy systems, compression articles or epidermal dressings.
  • wound dressings and debridement tools comprising a substrate layer, that is at least partially impregnated or coated with a wound cleansing or debridement solution having physical modes of action against biofilms and the microorganisms comprised therein, while exhibiting a balance of efficacy and biocompatibility.
  • the present disclosure seeks to address these needs with the various aspects and embodiments defined herein.
  • a wound dressing or a debridement tool comprising one or more substrate layers, wherein one or more substances are at least partially impregnated or coated on a first surface of at least one of the substrate layers, and wherein the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated or coated on about 1 % to about 20 % of the total surface area of the first surface of the substrate layer.
  • a wound dressing or a debridement tool comprises one or more substrate layers, wherein one or more substances are at least partially impregnated on a first surface of at least one of the substrate layers, and wherein the one or more substances are impregnated on the first surface of the substrate layer to a depth of from about 1% to about 50% of the total transverse cross ⁇ section of the substrate layer.
  • a method of applying one or more substance(s) to one or more substrate layers of an article comprising: (a) providing at least one transfer means comprising an impression member and a transfer member, wherein the transfer member comprises one or more cells with outward facing apertures, and wherein the transfer member is provided on the exterior of the impression member; (b) introducing the one or more substance(s) into the one or more cells of the transfer member; and (c) contacting the substrate layer with the transfer member as the substrate layer is conveyed along a transport path in a machine direction, wherein force applied by the impression member to at l east the one or more cells comprised within the transfer member causes the one or more substance(s) comprised within the one or more cells to transfer to the substrate layer.
  • a wound dressing or a debridement tool comprising at least one substrate layer, wherein the substrate layer is at least partially impregnated or coated with one or more substance(s) as defined herein.
  • a method of applying one or more substance(s) to one or more substrate layers of a wound dressing or debridement tool as described herein wherein the method comprises: (a) applying one or more substances to a first surface of at least one of the substrate layers; (b) optionally applying a compressed source gas via a gas feed to the first surface of the substrate layer; (c) optionally applying at least one drying means to the first surface of the substrate layer.
  • a system for applying one or more substance(s) to one or more substrate layers of a wound dressing or debridement tool according to the method defined herein.
  • the use of the wound dressing or debridement tool as defined herein is provided to prevent or minimise slough accumulation in a wound or to de ⁇ slough a wound, the use comprising contacting said wound dressing or debridement tool with said wound or contacting said wound with said wound dressing or debridement tool, preferably wherein the wound is a chronic wound, acute wound, or burn.
  • a system for applying one or more substance(s) to one or more substrate layer(s) of an article as defined herein comprising: (a) at least one transfer means comprising an impression member and a transfer member, wherein the transfer member comprises one or more cells with outward facing apertures, wherein the transfer member is provided on the exterior of the impression member, and wherein the one o r more cells are configured to be reversibly compressible under force exerted by the impression member; (b) at least one reservoir comprising the substance; (c) a pump configured to draw the substance from the reservoir and introduce it into the one or more cells of the transfer member; (d) optionally a component configured to remove excess substance from the transfer member. [0023] In a further aspect, there is provided a process for preparing an article as defined in herein, said process comprising, in order, the steps of:
  • Fig. 1 Representation of the equipment used in the art for screen printing.
  • Fig. 2 Illustration of printing technique deposition mechanism.
  • Fig. 3 Surface coverage printing pattern – 1mm and 0.50mm printing pattern.
  • Fig. 4 Surface coverage printing pattern – Hexagonal (LH) and Circular Offset (RH).
  • Fig. 5 Surface coverage printing pattern – Slotted Hole (LH) and Circular Hole (RH).
  • Fig. 6 Surface coverage printing pattern – Parabolic distribution printing pattern.
  • Fig. 7 Open area pattern on a 120T (thread) screen. Black dots show the open area where ink will be printed onto a 10x10 cm AQUACEL® Extra dressing. Printed dots: 2.5mm diameter 4.908 mm 2 ; Open Area: 961 mm 2 , equating to 9.61% surface area coverage.
  • Fig. 8 Graphical relationship between the mass of ink added to a 10x10 cm dressing sample (per side) and the efficacy of samples on a simulated non ⁇ viable matter model compared to an AQUACEL Extra control. Fig.
  • Fig. 13 Comparative analysis of average weight of transferred formulation mass using maximum airblade setting and no airblade setting.
  • Fig. 14 Comparative analysis of % area of ink transfer using maximum airblade setting and no airblade setting.
  • Fig. 15 Comparative analysis of formulation deposition depth relative to substrate thickness.
  • Fig. 16 Schematic illustration of a Gravure printing process.
  • Fig. 17 Schematic illustration of a Rotary Pad printing process.
  • Fig. 18 Schematic illustration of an exemplary printing method according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 19 Illustrative example of a plurality of cells capable of reversibly collapsing under force.
  • Fig. 20 Image of a 2mm printed dot pattern on a foam material using the printing method according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 21 Image of a 2mm printed dot pattern on a nonwoven fabric material using the printing method according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 22 Image of a 2mm printed dot pattern on a woven material using the printing method according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 23 Image of a 500 ⁇ m dot pattern on a nonwoven fabric material using the printing method according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 24 Image of a 250 ⁇ m dot pattern on a nonwoven material using the printing method according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 25 Image of a 250 ⁇ m dot pattern on a polymer film material using the printing method according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 26 Image of a 500 ⁇ m dot pattern on a nonwoven fabric material using a rotary pad printing process and a high viscosity substance.
  • Fig. 23 Image of a 500 ⁇ m dot pattern on a nonwoven fabric material using the printing method according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 24 Image of a 250 ⁇ m dot pattern on a nonwoven material using the printing method according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 25 Image of a 250 ⁇ m dot pattern on a poly
  • FIG. 27 Image of a 500 ⁇ m dot pattern on a nonwoven fabric material using a rotary pad printing process and a low viscosity substance.
  • Fig. 28 Images of nonwoven fabric materials with a printed 500 ⁇ m dot pattern using Formulation A applied by alternative printing techniques (cf. Examples 1 ⁇ 1 to 5 ⁇ 1).
  • Fig. 29 Images of nonwoven fabric materials with a printed 500 ⁇ m dot pattern using Formulation B applied by alternative printing techniques (cf. Examples 1 ⁇ 2 to 5 ⁇ 2).
  • Fig. 30 Images of nonwoven fabric materials with a printed 500 ⁇ m dot pattern using Formulation C applied by alternative printing techniques (cf. Examples 1 ⁇ 3 to 5 ⁇ 3).
  • Fig. 28 Images of nonwoven fabric materials with a printed 500 ⁇ m dot pattern using Formulation A applied by alternative printing techniques (cf. Examples 1 ⁇ 1 to 5 ⁇ 1).
  • Fig. 29 Images of nonwoven fabric materials with a printed 500 ⁇ m dot pattern using Formulation B applied by alternative printing techniques (cf. Examples 1 ⁇ 2 to 5 ⁇ 2).
  • the term “about” modifying the quantity of a component refers to variation in the numerical quantity that can occur, for example, through typical measuring and handling procedures used for making concentrates, mixtures or solutions in the real world; through inadvertent error in these procedures; through differences in the manufacture, source, or purity of the materials employed, or to carry out the methods; and the like.
  • the term “about” also encompasses amounts that differ due to different equilibrium conditions for a composition or substance resulting from a particular initial mixture. Whether or not modified by the term “about”, the claims include equivalents to the quantities.
  • the term “at least” includes the end value of the range that is specified. For example, “at least 10 wt%” includes the value 10 wt%.
  • gel ⁇ forming fibres and “gelling fibres” may be used interchangeably.
  • references in this specification and the claims to “non ⁇ gel forming fibres” and “non ⁇ gelling fibres” can be used interchangeably.
  • the ranges provided herein provide exemplary amounts of each of the components. Each of these ranges may be taken alone or combined with one or more other component ranges.
  • wt% means “weight percentage” as the basis for calculating a percentage. Unless indicated otherwise, all % values are calculated on a weight basis, and are provided with reference to the total weight of the product in which the substance is present.
  • w/w means “weight by weight” as the basis for calculating a percentage. Unless otherwise indicated, reference to "% by weight” (or “% by weight”) of a product, substance or composition reflects the total wet weight of the product or composition (i.e., including water). [0031] In various embodiments described herein, amounts may be described as an area density using the units g/m2. In such embodiments, the area density refers to the area of a substrate layer or an absorbent layer as further described herein and the weight of the specified component comprised in or on said substrate or absorbent layer. For example, in various embodiments the composition may be applied to a wound dressing or debridement tool as described herein with an area density of 30
  • An exemplary wound dressing may comprise a substrate and/or an absorbent layer of dimensions 10 x 10 cm, giving an area of 0.01 m 2 .
  • a composition as described herein would be applied to the substrate layer and/or absorbent layer to obtain an area density of 30 g/m 2 .
  • the composition may be applied to a single surface of the absorbent layer, for example in embodiments wherein the absorbent layer is comprised in a multi ⁇ layer wound dressing.
  • the composition may be applied to a first surface of the absorbent layer and to a second surface of the absorbent layer opposite to the first surface of the absorbent layer.
  • the composition may be applied to the wound dressing or debridement tool as described herein to contribute 15 g/m 2 on each of the first and second surfaces, i.e. such that the total area density applied to the absorbent layer is 30 g/m 2 .
  • the area densities recited herein refer to the total area density of composition applied to the absorbent layer, calculated on the basis of the area defined by the dimensions (width and length) of the absorbent layer and the total amount of the composition applied thereto, whether applied only to a single surface of the absorbent layer or applied to both a first surface and a second surface of the absorbent layer.
  • the absorbent layer has an area of 0.01 m 2 (10 x 10 cm)
  • 1.5 g of a composition as described herein could be applied to the first surface of the absorbent layer and 1.5 g of the composition applied to the second surface of the absorbent layer to obtain a total area density of 30 g/m 2 .
  • substantially free means no more than trace amounts, i.e. the amount of the substance(s) concerned is negligible. In various embodiments, “substantially free” means no more than 1000 ppm, preferably no more than 100 ppm, more preferably no more than 10 ppm, even more preferably no more than 1 ppm of the substance(s) concerned. [0033] In all aspects of the present disclosure, the disclosure includes, where appropriate, all enantiomers and tautomers of the compounds disclosed herein. A person skilled in the art will recognise compounds that possess optical properties (one or more chiral carbon atoms) or tautomeric characteristics.
  • enantiomers and/or tautomers may be isolated/prepared by methods known in the art.
  • Some of the compounds disclosed herein may exist as stereoisomers and/or geometric isomers – e.g. they may possess one or more asymmetric and/or geometric centres and so may exist in two or more stereoisomeric and/or geometric forms.
  • the present disclosure contemplates the use of all the individual stereoisomers and geometric isomers of those compounds, and mixtures thereof.
  • the terms used in the claims encompass these forms.
  • wound may include an injury to living tissue and may be caused by a cut, blow, or other impact, abrasion, pressure, heat or chemical; typically, one in which the skin is cut or broken.
  • a wound may often be described as chronic or acute. Acute wounds may occur as a result of surgery or trauma. Typically, when not too severe and where the victim is otherwise in good health, wounds progress through well ⁇ defined stages of healing within a predicted timeframe. Chronic wounds begin as acute wounds. An acute wound can become a chronic wound when it does not follow the normal healing pathway resulting in a lengthened recovery.
  • Chronic wounds may include for example: venous ulcers (such as those that occur in the legs due to venous insufficiency), which account for the majority of chronic wounds and mostly affect the elderly; diabetic ulcers (for example, foot or ankle ulcers); arterial ulcers (due to peripheral arterial disease); and pressure injuries due to immobility.
  • Wounds may also include a deep tissue injury. Deep tissue injury is a term proposed by the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP) to describe a unique form of pressure ulcers.
  • NPUAP National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel
  • wounds have been described by clinicians for many years with terms such as purple pressure ulcers, ulcers that are likely to deteriorate and bruises on bony prominences.
  • the term "slough” is known to the skilled person and may be defined as a layer or mass of dead tissue separated from surrounding living tissue, or tissue that is adhered to a wound but capable of being removed as in a wound, sore, or inflammation WOUND DRESSING OR DEBRIDEMENT TOOL
  • Acute wounds occur as a result of surgery or trauma, typically when not too severe and where the subject is otherwise in good health. Wounds progress through well ⁇ defined stages of healing. Chronic wounds begin as acute wounds.
  • an acute wound can become a chronic wound when it does not follow the normal healing pathway resulting in a lengthened recovery. It is believed that the transition from acute to chronic can be due to an inadequate immune response, for example the patient being immuno ⁇ compromised, the wound being insufficiently perfused or being highly contaminated.
  • Chronic wounds may include venous ulcers, diabetic ulcers, arterial ulcers, and pressure injuries due to immobility. Wounds may also include a deep tissue injury; this is an expression used to describe a unique form of pressure ulcers.
  • Wound dressings and debridement tools are articles suitable for placement in direct contact with a wound.
  • a wound dressing may typically debride by autolysis.
  • Autolytic debridement refers to the lysis or breakdown of necrotic debris and devitalised tissues from a wound through the body’s own mechanisms, such as moist environments and endogenous enzymes.
  • the wound dressing comprises at least one layer comprising a foam, fabric (preferably a nonwoven fabric), or technical substrate.
  • the substrate or absorbent layer may be a nonwoven or woven fibrous layer, a gel ⁇ forming fibre, or gauze.
  • Gauze may be made from a cellulose, such as cotton or viscose.
  • the substrate layer and/or absorbent layer comprises one or more gel ⁇ forming fibres.
  • the substances and compositions of the present disclosure are useful for the treatment of wounds, including initial treatment in first response settings, as well as in ongoing wound management such as in primary care settings.
  • the substances and compositions described herein may be used in cleansing and/or irrigating a wound.
  • the use of nonwoven fabrics in wound dressings or debridement tools is well known, with several products available on the market, such as the AQUACEL® ExtraTM range of dressings manufactured and sold by Convatec Ltd and Convatec Inc.
  • the fabric structure requires a flat surface to ensure a controlled dose of excipients can be applied to and delivered by the fabric surface, while the fabric should also maintain a high degree of wet and dry tensile strength, absorbency, and conformability.
  • solvent flooding it is known in the art to use solvent flooding to manufacture wound dressings or debridement tools because it is efficacious in the delivery of excipients to the dressing. This process may involve saturating a layer of the wound dressings or debridement tools with an excipient ⁇ containing solution, and removing excess solution. This technique requires a suitable solvent system that is able to dissolve all of the excipients to be delivered, without remaining on the dressing itself.
  • the solvent system may comprise multiple components, for example a mixture of organic solvents or an aqueous:organic mixture, the integrity of the dressing must be maintained.
  • gel ⁇ forming fibres are employed, for example in an absorbent layer, the water content of the excipient ⁇ containing solution may be minimised in order to avoid premature gelling of the fibres or reduction in absorbency of the absorbent layer. Consequently the solvent used in the flooding process is primarily organic, e.g. an alcohol, and this can limit its application for large ⁇ scale manufacture both because of cost implications for infrastructure design and process controls, and safety implications surrounding the use of high volumes of volatile solvents. [0043] It would be desirable to manufacture substrate layers on a large scale with improved considerations for safety, feasibility and efficacy. Printing processes, such as Gravure, rotary pad and
  • the inventors found that one or more substances can be applied to a surface of a wound dressing or debridement tool substrate material in a discontinuous fashion without negatively impacting efficacy, such that the surface area of the substrate material is only partially coated or impregnated with the substance.
  • a wound dressing or debridement tool is provided herein, where the wound dressing or debridement tool comprises one or more substrate layers, where one or more substances are at least partially impregnated or coated on a first surface of at least one of the substrate layers, where the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated or coated on about 0.1 % to about 75 % of the total surface area of the first surface of the substrate layer.
  • the inventors found that one or more substances can be applied to a surface of a wound dressing or debridement tool substrate material to a specific depth of the substrate material in order to provide optimal dissolution of the substance from the wound dressing or debridement tool and further improve the manufacturing efficiency of the wound dressing or debridement tool.
  • a wound dressing or debridement tool comprising one or more substrate layers, where one or more substances are at least partially impregnated on a first surface of at least one of the substrate layers, and where the one or more substances are impregnated on the first surface of the substrate layer to a depth of from about 0.1% to about 50% of the total transverse cross ⁇ section of the substrate layer.
  • the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated or coated in a discontinuous configuration.
  • the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated or coated on about 0.5 % to about 75 % of the total surface area of the first surface of the substrate layer.
  • the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated or coated on about 0.5 % to about 50 % of the total surface area of the first surface of the substrate layer.
  • the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated or coated on about 0.5 % to about 30 % of the total surface area of the first surface of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated or coated on about 1 % to about 20 % of the total surface area of the first surface of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated or coated on about 5 % to about 15 % of the total surface area of the first surface of the substrate layer. In various preferred embodiments, the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated or coated on about 8 % to about 12 % of the total surface area of the first surface of the substrate layer.
  • the one or more substances are impregnated on the first surface of the substrate layer to a depth of from about 0.5% to about 40% of the total transverse cross ⁇ section of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the one or more substances are impregnated on the first surface of the substrate layer to a depth of from about 1% to about 30% of the total transverse cross ⁇ section of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the one or more substances are impregnated on the first surface of the substrate layer to a depth of from about 5% to about 25% of the total transverse cross ⁇ section of the substrate layer.
  • the one or more substances are impregnated on the first surface of the substrate layer to a depth of from about 10% to about 25% of the total transverse cross ⁇ section of the substrate layer. In various preferred embodiments, the one or more substances are impregnated on the first surface of the substrate layer to a depth of from about 15% to about 20% of the total transverse cross ⁇ section of the substrate layer. [0052] In some embodiments, the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated on about 0.5 % to about 75 % of the total surface area of the first surface of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated on about 0.5 % to about
  • the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated on about 0.5 % to about 30 % of the total surface area of the first surface of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated on about 1 % to about 20 % of the total surface area of the first surface of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated on about 5 % to about 15 % of the total surface area of the first surface of the substrate layer. In various preferred embodiments, the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated on about 8 % to about 12 % of the total surface area of the first surface of the substrate layer.
  • the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated or coated on the first surface of the substrate layer in discrete units, wherein the discrete unit surface area for each unit differs.
  • the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated on the first surface of the substrate layer in discrete units, wherein the discrete unit surface area for each unit differs.
  • the discrete unit surface area for each unit increases and decreases across an axis of the substrate layer surface in a parabolic distribution (see for example, Figure 6).
  • the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated or coated on the first surface of the substrate layer in discrete units, wherein the discrete unit surface area is equivalent for each unit. [0057] In some embodiments, the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated on the first surface of the substrate layer in discrete units, wherein the discrete unit surface area is equivalent for each unit. [0058] In various embodiments, the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated or coated on the first surface of the substrate layer in discrete units of from 0.08 mm 2 to about 20.00 mm2. In various preferred embodiments, the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated or coated on the first surface of the substrate layer in discrete units of from 0.60 mm 2 to about 1.75 mm 2 .
  • the at least one substrate layer comprises a material selected from: fibres, fabrics or yarns, gels, foams, films, plastics, resins, rubber, collagen, decellularized tissue or a combination thereof.
  • the at least one substrate layers comprises a material selected from: fibres, fabrics or yarns, foams, films or a combination thereof.
  • the at least one substrate layer is a fabric material.
  • the substrate layer is a nonwoven fabric material.
  • the fabric material is a nonwoven fabric material consisting of gel forming fibres and/or non ⁇ gel forming fibres.
  • the fabric material is a nonwoven fabric material consisting of gel ⁇ forming fibres and non ⁇ gel forming fibres; or the fabric material is a nonwoven fabric material consisting of gel ⁇ forming fibres.
  • the at least one substrate layer is a foam material, preferably a polyurethane foam, a polypropylene foam, a polyester foam or a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) foam.
  • the one or more substances are impregnated on the first surface of the substrate layer to a depth of from about 100 ⁇ m to about 500 ⁇ m of the total transverse cross ⁇ section of the substrate layer.
  • the one or more substances is impregnated on the first surface of the substrate layer to a depth of from about 200 ⁇ m to about 400 ⁇ m of the total transverse cross ⁇ section of the substrate layer.
  • the at least one substrate layer has a surface energy of about 45 to about 1000 mJ/m 2 .
  • the dissolution rate of the one or more substances is of from 10 to 90 % per day.
  • the one or more substances are impregnated on the first surface of the substrate layer to a depth of from about 1% to about 50% of the total transverse cross ⁇ section of the substrate layer.
  • the one or more substances are impregnated on the first surface of the substrate layer to a depth of from about 15% to about 20% of the total transverse cross ⁇ section of the substrate layer.
  • the substrate layer(s) has a basis weight of about 150 – 200 gsm. In various preferred embodiments, the substrate layer(s) has a basis weight of about 160 – 185 gsm.
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool has a basis weight of about 150 – 200 gsm. In various preferred embodiments, the wound dressing or debridement tool has a basis weight of about 160 – 185 gsm.
  • the substrate layer disclosed herein may have a thickness between about 0.5mm to about 20mm. In various embodiments, the substrate layer disclosed herein may have a thickness between about 1mm to about 10mm. In various embodiments, the substrate layer disclosed herein may have a thickness between about 1.5mm to about 7 mm. [0071] In various embodiments, the substrate layer(s) has a bulk density of about 25 – 100 kg/m 3 .
  • the substrate layer(s) has a bulk density of about 35 – 90 kg/m3. In various embodiments, the substrate layer(s) has a bulk density of about 40 – 80 kg/m 3 .
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool has a bulk density of about 25 – 100 kg/m 3 . In various embodiments, the wound dressing or debridement tool has a bulk density of about 35 – 90 kg/m 3 . In various embodiments, the wound dressing or debridement tool has a bulk density of about 40 – 80 kg/m 3 .
  • the substrate layer has a fluid absorbency of about 0.05g/cm2 or more.
  • the substrate layer has a fluid absorbency of about 0.10g/cm 2 or more. In various embodiments, the substrate layer has a fluid absorbency of about 0.15g/cm 2 or more. In various embodiments, the substrate layer has a fluid absorbency of about 0.20g/cm2 or more. In various embodiments, the substrate layer has a fluid absorbency of about 0.25g/cm2 or more. In various embodiments, the substrate layer has a fluid absorbency of about 0.30g/cm2 or more. In various embodiments, the substrate layer has a fluid absorbency of about 0.35g/cm2 or more. In various embodiments, the substrate layer has a fluid absorbency of about 0.40g/cm2 or more.
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool has a fluid absorbency of about 0.30g/cm2 or more. In various embodiments, the wound dressing or debridement tool has a fluid absorbency of about 0.35g/cm2 or more. In various embodiments, the wound dressing or
  • the substrate layer has a fluid retention of at least about 45%. In various embodiments, the substrate layer has a fluid retention of at least about 55%. In various embodiments, the substrate layer has a fluid retention of at least about 65%. In various embodiments, the substrate layer has a fluid retention of at least about 75%. In various embodiments, the substrate layer has a fluid retention of at least about 85%. In various embodiments, the substrate layer has a fluid retention of at least about 90%.
  • the substrate layer has a fluid retention of at least about 95%.
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool has a fluid retention of at least about 45%. In various embodiments, the wound dressing or debridement tool has a fluid retention of at least about 55%. In various embodiments, the wound dressing or debridement tool has a fluid retention of at least about 65%. In various embodiments, the wound dressing or debridement tool has a fluid retention of at least about 75%. In various embodiments, the wound dressing or debridement tool has a fluid retention of at least about 85%. In various embodiments, the wound dressing or debridement tool has a fluid retention of at least about 90%.
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool has a fluid retention of at least about 95%.
  • the substrate layer has a lateral wicking distance of no more than about 40 mm in the machine direction and in the transverse direction. In various embodiments, the substrate layer has a lateral wicking distance of no more than about 30 mm in the machine direction and in the transverse direction. In various embodiments, the substrate layer has a lateral wicking distance of no more than about 25 mm in the machine direction and in the transverse direction. In various embodiments, the substrate layer has a lateral wicking distance of no more than about 20 mm in the machine direction and in the transverse direction.
  • the substrate layer has an absorption under compression of at least about 0.10 g/cm 2 . In various embodiments, the substrate layer has an absorption under compression of at least about 0.12 g/cm2. In various embodiments, the substrate layer has an absorption under compression of at least about 0.14 g/cm2. In various embodiments, the substrate layer has an absorption under compression of at least about 0.16 g/cm 2 . In various embodiments, the substrate layer has an absorption under compression of at least about 0.18 g/cm 2 . In various embodiments, the substrate layer has an absorption under compression of at least about 0.20 g/cm2. In various embodiments, the substrate layer has an absorption under compression of at least about 0.22 g/cm 2 .
  • the substrate layer has an absorption under compression of at least about 0.24 g/cm 2 . In various embodiments, the substrate layer has an absorption under compression of at least about 0.26 g/cm 2 . [0079] In various embodiments, the substrate layer(s) has a dimensional shrinkage of no greater than about 25 % in the machine direction and in the transverse direction. In various embodiments, the substrate layer(s) has a dimensional shrinkage of no greater than about 20 % in the machine direction and in the transverse direction. In various embodiments, the substrate layer(s) has a dimensional shrinkage of no greater than about 15 % in the machine direction and in the transverse direction.
  • the substrate layer(s) has a dimensional shrinkage of no greater than about 10 % in the machine direction and in the transverse direction. [0080] In various embodiments, the substrate layer(s) has a wet tensile strength of at least about 1.0 N/cm. In various embodiments, the substrate layer(s) has a wet tensile strength of at least about 2.0 N/cm. In various embodiments, the substrate layer(s) has a wet tensile strength of at least about 3.0 N/cm. In various embodiments, the substrate layer(s) has a wet tensile strength of at least about 4.0 N/cm.
  • the substrate layer(s) has a wet tensile strength of at least about 5.0 N/cm.
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool has a wet tensile strength of at least about 1.0 N/cm. In various embodiments, the wound dressing or debridement tool has a wet tensile strength of at least about 2.0 N/cm. In various embodiments, the wound dressing or debridement tool has a wet tensile strength of at least about 3.0 N/cm. In various embodiments, the wound dressing or debridement tool has a wet tensile strength of at least about 4.0 N/cm.
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool has a wet tensile strength of at least about 5.0 N/cm.
  • the substrate layer(s) has a dry tensile strength of at least about 5.0 N/cm. In various embodiments, the substrate layer(s) has a dry tensile strength of at least about 9.0 N/cm. In various embodiments, the substrate layer(s) has a dry tensile strength of at least about 13.0 N/cm. In various embodiments, the substrate layer(s) has a dry tensile strength of at least about 17.0 N/cm.
  • the substrate layer(s) has a dry tensile strength of at least about 21.0 N/cm. [0083] In various embodiments, the substrate layer(s) is needle punched. In various embodiments, the substrate layer(s) has a needle punch density of about 25 to about 150 per cm2. In various embodiments,
  • the substrate layer(s) has a needle punch density of about 30 to about 80 per cm 2 .
  • the substrate layer(s) has a needle punch depth of about 1mm to about 20mm. In various embodiments, the substrate layer(s) has a needle punch depth of about 5mm to about 20mm. In various embodiments, the substrate layer(s) has a needle punch depth of about 5mm to about 15mm. In various embodiments, the substrate layer(s) has a needle punch depth of about 5mm to about 10mm.
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool consists of one or more substrate layers. In various embodiments, the wound dressing or debridement tool consists of a plurality of substrate layers.
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool consists of one substrate layer.
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool consists of the substrate layer.
  • the one or more substrate layers are selected from: an absorbent layer, a transmission layer, an adhesive layer, a soluble medicated film layer, an odour ⁇ absorbing layer, a spreading layer, a keying layer, a distribution layer, a superabsorbent layer or combinations thereof.
  • the one or more substrate layers is an absorbent layer.
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool is of a monolayer construction, or wherein the wound dressing or debridement tool is of a multi ⁇ layer construction.
  • the multi ⁇ layer construction comprises one or more functional layers.
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool is of a monolayer construction, i.e. the wound dressing or debridement tool consists of a single substrate layer.
  • the at least one substrate layer comprises a second surface opposite the first surface.
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool consists of one or more substrate layers and one or more functional layers selected from: an absorbent layer, a wound contacting, an outer cover layer, a transmission layer, an adhesive layer, a support layer, a distribution layer, a soluble medicated film layer, an odour ⁇ absorbing layer, a spreading layer, a keying layer, a superabsorbent layer or combinations thereof; preferably wherein the one or more further functional
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool consists of the substrate layer, where the substrate layer consists of the nonwoven fabric.
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool consists of the substrate layer, where the substrate layer consists of the nonwoven fabric and the nonwoven fabric consists of the gelling fibres and the non ⁇ gelling fibres; preferably wherein the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 60 to about 95 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 5 to about 40 wt% of the substrate layer.
  • a wound dressing or debridement tool comprising a substrate layer, wherein the substrate layer comprises a nonwoven fabric, the nonwoven fabric comprising gelling fibres and non ⁇ gelling fibres, wherein the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 60 to about 95 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 5 to about 40 wt% of the substrate layer.
  • the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 65 to about 95 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 5 to about 35 wt% of the substrate layer.
  • the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 70 to about 95 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 5 to about 30 wt% of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 75 to about 95 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 5 to about 25 wt% of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 80 to about 95 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 5 to about 20 wt% of the substrate layer.
  • the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 85 to about 95 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 5 to about 15 wt% of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 90 to about 95 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 5 to about 10 wt% of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 65 to about 90 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 10 to about 35 wt% of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 70 to about 90 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present
  • the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 75 to about 90 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 10 to about 25 wt% of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 80 to about 90 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 10 to about 20 wt% of the substrate layer.
  • the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 85 to about 90 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 10 to about 15 wt% of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 65 to about 85 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 15 to about 35 wt% of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 70 to about 85 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 15 to about 30 wt% of the substrate layer.
  • the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 75 to about 85 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 15 to about 25 wt% of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 80 to about 85 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 15 to about 20 wt% of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 90 to about 85 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 15 to about 10 wt% of the substrate layer.
  • the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 65 to about 80 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 20 to about 35 wt% of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 70 to about 80 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 20 to about 30 wt% of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 75 to about 80 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 20 to about 25 wt% of the substrate layer.
  • the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 85 to about 80 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 20 to about 15 wt% of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 90 to about 80 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 20 to about 10 wt% of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 65 to about 75 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 25 to about 35 wt% of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the gelling fibres are present in an
  • the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 80 to about 75 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 25 to about 20 wt% of the substrate layer. In various embodiments, the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 85 to about 75 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 25 to about 15 wt% of the substrate layer.
  • the gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 90 to about 75 wt% of the substrate layer and the non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in an amount of from about 25 to about 10 wt% of the substrate layer.
  • gelling fibres or gel forming fibres it is meant hygroscopic fibres that upon the uptake of wound exudate become moist slippery or gelatinous.
  • the gel forming fibres can be of the type that retain their structural integrity on absorption of exudate or can be of the type that lose their fibrous form and become an amorphous or structureless gel.
  • the gel forming fibres are typically sodium carboxymethylcellulose fibres, chemically modified cellulosic fibres, alkyl sulphonate modified cellulosic fibres, such as those described in WO2012/061225, pectin fibres, alginate fibres, chitosan fibres, hyaluronic acid fibres, or other polysaccharide fibres or fibres derived from gums, as well as non ⁇ cellulose synthetic fibres such as poly(vinyl alcohol) and polyacrylate.
  • the gelling fibres are typically chemically modified cellulosic fibres in the form of a fabric and in particular carboxymethylated cellulose fibres, as described in PCT WO00/01425.
  • Sodium carboxymethylcellulose fibres typically have a degree of substitution of at least 0.05 carboxymethyl groups per glucose unit.
  • the gelling fibres typically have an absorbency of at least 2 grams (or at least 8 grams, or at least 10 grams), 0.9% saline solution (Solution A) per gram of fibre (as measured by BS EN 13726 ⁇ 1 (2002) "Test methods for primary wound dressings", section 3.2 "Free swell absorptive capacity”).
  • the carboxymethylated cellulosic fabrics typically have a degree of substitution between 0.12 to 0.35 (as defined in WO00/01425), more typically a degree of substitution of between 0.20 and 0.30, such that the absorbency of a fabric produced from is increased when compared to the unmodified cellulose.
  • Fabrics may consist solely of cellulosic fibre, but may contain a proportion of a textile fibre or gel forming fibre.
  • This textile fibre may be for example a cellulose fibre of a known kind and may comprise continuous filament yarn and/or staple fibre.
  • the gelling fibres are selected from: carboxymethylcellulose fibres and derivatives thereof, modified cellulosic fibres, alkyl sulphonate modified cellulosic fibres, pectin fibres, alginate fibres, chitosan fibres, hyaluronic acid fibres, fibres derived from gums, non ⁇ cellulose synthetic fibres, superabsorbent fibres, such as polyacrylate fibres, and combinations thereof.
  • the gelling fibres are carboxymethylcellulose fibres or derivatives thereof (e.g. HYDROCELTM).
  • the non ⁇ gelling fibres are selected from: cellulosic fibres, modified cellulosic fibres, polyester fibres, polypropylene fibres, polyamide fibres, or combinations thereof.
  • the non ⁇ gelling fibres are cellulosic fibres, modified cellulosic fibres, or a combination thereof.
  • Highly preferred non ⁇ gelling fibres are lyocell fibres (e.g. LYOCELLTM).
  • the gelling fibres and non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in the nonwoven fabric at a weight ratio of from about 85:15 to about 65:35.
  • the gelling fibres and non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in the nonwoven fabric at a weight ratio of about 80:20 to about 70:30. In a preferred embodiment the gelling fibres and non ⁇ gelling fibres are present in the nonwoven fabric at a weight ratio of about 75:25.
  • METHODS & PROCESSES [0104] Uniform deposition of substances in substrate materials was challenging where a specific depth of deposition was required. The characteristics of the substance and substrate often dictate the depth of deposition, based upon gravitational and capillary forces. However, the inventors identified a method where substance deposition depth could be provided in a repeatable fashion while simultaneously improving the efficiency of the manufacturing process.
  • a method of applying one or more substance(s) to one or more substrate layers of a wound dressing or debridement tool comprises: (a) applying one or more substances to a first surface of at least one of the substrate layers; (b) optionally applying at least one drying means to the first surface of the substrate layer.
  • the method comprises: (a) applying one or more substances to a first surface of at least one of the substrate layers;
  • the one or more substances are applied to the first surface of the substrate layer by a printing process; preferably wherein the printing process is a screen printing process, a gravure printing process, a soft gravure printing process, a rotary pad printing process or a needle dosing process.
  • the substrate layer is conveyed in a machine direction at a rate of about 0.01 to about 35.00 cm/sec.
  • the substrate layer is conveyed in a machine direction at a rate of about 0.05 to about 20 cm/sec.
  • the one or more substances are applied to the first surface of the substrate layer by a printing process; preferably wherein the printing process is a screen printing process, a gravure printing process, a soft gravure printing process, a rotary pad printing process or a needle dosing process.
  • the compressed gas feed is an air knife.
  • Air knives also know as air blades
  • Air knives are known in the art to be a system capable of producing a pressurized air plenum chamber with a continuous aperture through which pressurized air exits in a laminar (uniform) flow pattern.
  • the exit air velocity creates an impact air velocity onto the surface of products that the air is directed toward.
  • the compressed gas feed outlet is positioned at a height of about 0.1cm to about 100cm above the first surface of the substrate layer.
  • the compressed gas feed is positioned at a height of about 1cm to about 30cm above the first surface of the substrate layer.
  • the source gas is selected from: air, helium, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, argon, nitrogen oxide or combinations thereof. [0113] In some embodiments, the source gas is a filtered source gas. [0114] In various embodiments, the pressure of the compressed gas feed is from greater than about 0 to about 150 psi. In various preferred embodiments, the pressure of the compressed gas feed is from about 40 to about 100 psi.
  • the temperature of the compressed gas feed is from about 0 to about 100 o C. In various embodiments, the temperature of the compressed gas feed is from about 0 to about 50 o C. In various embodiments, the temperature of the compressed gas feed is from about 1 to about 40 oC. In various preferred embodiments, the temperature of the compressed gas feed is from about 5 to about 30 o C. [0116] In various embodiments, wherein at least one drying means is applied to the first surface of the substrate layer. Preferably wherein the at least one drying means is an air knife.
  • a substance or composition described herein is comprised in a wound dressing or debridement tool as defined herein, wherein said wound dressing or debridement tool comprises a substrate layer at least partially impregnated or coated with said substance or composition.
  • said wound dressing or debridement tool comprises a substrate layer at least partially impregnated or coated with said substance or composition.
  • Various methods by which the substance or composition is at least partially impregnated or coated in or on the substrate layer are known in the art and discussed herein.
  • Inclusion of the disclosed technology in a wound dressing or similar wound treatment device can be achieved by addition to the material from which the dressing or device is constructed or by addition to the finished dressing/device.
  • the substance or composition may be added to the dope (the liquid from which the fibres are spun (extruded)).
  • the substance or composition may be co ⁇ extruded in a hot melt process.
  • the substance or composition may be washed into the fibre by a soaking process.
  • the substance or composition may be coated onto the formed fibre by passing through a bath containing the technology in a liquid or solution form (where the solute may be removed by a drying process known in the art, such as by forced air or any other gas, particularly nitrogen if flammable solvents are involved, or by heat, or by heat and forced air) or as a molten liquid.
  • the substance or composition may be sprayed onto the formed fibre in a liquid form or from a solution (where the solute may be removed by a drying process known in the art such as by forced air or any other gas, particularly nitrogen if flammable solvents are involved, or by heat, or by heat and forced air) or as a molten liquid in a hot ⁇ melt inkjet process.
  • the substance or composition may be added as a powder coating where adhesion could be encouraged by electrostatic effects or by increasing the adhesive tack properties of the receiving fibre (say by partial hydration using humidity or by pre ⁇ treating the fibre with a viscous liquid such as an alcohol (for example hexanol), a polyol (for example propan ⁇ 1,2 ⁇ diol or glycerol), a hydrophilic hydrocarbon (for example a polyethylene oxide) or by the order of addition of the substance or composition itself (for example a liquid surfactant such as liquid fatty acid or fatty acid salt or a liquid fatty acid that will form the salt in situ).
  • a viscous liquid such as an alcohol (for example hexanol), a polyol (for example propan ⁇ 1,2 ⁇ diol or glycerol), a hydrophilic hydrocarbon (for example a polyethylene oxide) or by the order of addition of the substance or composition itself (for example a liquid surfactant such as liquid fatty acid or fatty
  • the technology may be added via similar washing, coating, spraying or powder coating. Additionally, the substance or composition may be added by suspending the substance or composition in a non ⁇ solvent and passing this through the wound dressing/debridement tool such that the suspended technology is mechanically trapped (i.e. positively added by filtration). [0120] In further embodiments, the substance or composition may be added as an ink or pigment by a printing process, for example a screen ⁇ printing process, where the addition can be closely controlled by use of the screen.
  • the print could be a continuous, for example as achieved by flood ⁇ coating, or, more preferably as a discontinuous coating (regular or random patterned) as it has less impact on porosity/breathability, flexibility, absorbency and ability to contour to the complex topography of the wound bed and both the macroscopic (physiology) and microscopic (cellular) levels.
  • the substance or composition may be added as a separate layer, for example as a gel coating directly onto the wound dressing/debridement tool, for example by way of a knife ⁇ over ⁇ roll or gravure coating technique.
  • the substance or composition may be cast as a film by a similar coating technique and then adhered to the wound device by tackifying the device or the film by, for example humidification, or by the addition of an adhesive.
  • the direct printing method consists of applying a formulation directly onto the material and subsequently fixing said formulation onto the fibres of the material. Particularly, direct printing may be carried out by using conventional roller printing or flat screen ⁇ printing procedures.
  • roller printing methods e.g.
  • the method utilises equipment generally consists of a plurality of cylinders and/or rollers on which a number of engraved rollers may apply a particular formulation to an interceding material, such as a fabric material or other sheet ⁇ based materials.
  • an interceding material such as a fabric material or other sheet ⁇ based materials.
  • roller printing methods such as a Gravure printing process or a Rotary Pad printing process
  • the formulation is typically provided to the printing roller by passing through an underlying tray, where the printing roller takes up the formulation from the underlying tray, while a doctor blade eliminates any excess ink.
  • This printing typology allows the application of substances on a material in a rapid and economical manner.
  • the aforementioned techniques are often used for applying substances onto fabrics, such as woven or nonwoven fabrics, and sheet ⁇ based materials, such as foams or plastic sheet materials.
  • the substance or compositions of the present disclosure are particularly suited for the above discussed processes, and in particular processes for producing discontinuous coatings such as regular or random patterns such as dot arrays.
  • the substance or compositions of the present disclosure are particularly suitable for screen ⁇ printing.
  • the substance or compositions of the present disclosure are also specifically adapted for novel printing processes, such as the process disclosed herein.
  • the process of screen printing involves pressing an ink or pigment (1) through a stencilled mesh (4) using a rubber blade or squeegee (2) (see Figure 1).
  • the mesh (4) is stretched over a frame (5) and remains under tension in order to act as the ‘screen’.
  • a design or pattern (3) may be created by making areas of the mesh (4) impermeable to the ink (1). This may be carried out using an emulsion as is known in the art.
  • the blade or squeegee is moved across the screen to fill the open mesh apertures with ink (excipients fully dissolved in a liquid) or pigment (particles suspended in a liquid carrier), and a reverse stroke causes the screen to touch the substrate momentarily along a line of contact.
  • the dimensions of the cells dictate the quantities of the substance applied to the substrate material.
  • the Gravure cylinder typically sits partially immersed in a formulation container or tray (6), where it picks up the substance to fill its recessed cells on each rotation of the press.
  • the substance fill the cells i.e. the cells are loaded with a substance, and the non ⁇ printing portions of the cylinder are wiped or scraped free of the formulation using a doctor blade (5).
  • the substrate is then conveyed in a machine direction and pressed against the loaded Gravure cylinder on a rotary press using an impression roller (1).
  • the pattern is transferred directly to the substrate surface by the Gravure cylinder, unlike in an offset printing method e.g. Rotary Pad printing, which uses an interim cylinder.
  • Rotary pad printing (as illustrated in Figure 17) is similar to that of Gravure but, as mentioned above, this method involves an interim cylinder (4) positioned between the Gravure cylinder (3) and the impression roller (1).
  • This interim cylinder (4) is a smooth uniform surface and is often formed from a soft flexible material, such as a rubber ⁇ based material.
  • the Gravure cylinder (3) has a plurality of recessed cells etched onto it, where said cells are capable of taking up a substance to fill the cells on each rotation of the press.
  • a doctor blade (5) removes the excess substance from the Gravure cylinder (3) and, as the Gravure cylinder (3) rotates, the substance is transferred from the Gravure cylinder (3) to the interim cylinder (4) surface, which subsequently transfers the substance directly onto a substrate surface (2) when pressed against the impression roller (1).
  • the present invention provides a solution, where a method of applying one or more substance(s) to one or more substrate layers of a wound dressing or debridement tool, as described herein, is provided, wherein the method comprises:
  • FIG. 29 (a) providing at least one transfer means comprising an impression member and a transfer member, wherein the transfer member comprises one or more cells with outward facing apertures, and wherein the transfer member is provided on the exterior of the impression member; (b) introducing the one or more substance(s) into the one or more cells of the transfer member; and (c) contacting the substrate layer with the transfer member as the substrate layer is conveyed along a transport path in a machine direction, wherein force applied by the impression member to at l east the one or more cells comprised within the transfer member causes the one or more substance(s) comprised within the one or more cells to transfer to the substrate layer.
  • Figure 18 illustrates such an exemplary method.
  • Figures 20 ⁇ 25 illustrate the high quality results of printing substances on a variety of different substrate material, including foam, nonwoven fabrics, woven fabrics and polymer films.
  • the abovementioned method may be referred to as a “soft gravure printing” method or process.
  • TRANSFER MEANS [0136]
  • the transfer means comprises of an impression member and a transfer member.
  • impression members are configured to apply a force to an opposing member or substrate, whereas the transfer member comprises one or more cells with outward facing apertures that are capable of being loaded with one or more substances, which can be transferred to a substrate material.
  • the configuration of a transfer member provided on the exterior of the impression member results in a force being applied to at least the one or more of the cells comprised within the transfer member, causing the substance(s) comprised within the cells to transfer to the substrate layer.
  • the one or more cells are constructed such that they can contain a substance described herein.
  • the cell construction is compressible, preferably reversibly compressible, such that the boundary of each cell collapses when force is applied and reverts to it original configuration when force is removed.
  • the action of the cell boundary forces all of the substance contained within the cell through the outward facing apertures and on to the substrate material, i.e. substantially no substance remains in the cell after step (c). This is advantageous because precise quantities of substance can be deposited on the substrate surface in a uniform manner.
  • the properties of the substrate upon which the substance is to be applied must also be considered carefully.
  • a substrate material with an irregular surface structure, i.e. an uneven surface, such as nonwoven fibres are notoriously difficult to apply precise and uniform amounts of a substance to using traditional printing techniques.
  • the inventors found that by using a transfer member comprising collapsible cells, one or more substances could be forced from the cells, through the outward facing apertures, and on to the substrate surface. The results were found to be particularly good for nonwoven fabrics. Traditional techniques were found to produce a diffuse pattern when printed onto nonwoven fabrics, whereas the method of the invention produced a well resolved print pattern in a uniform manner.
  • the transfer means consists of an impression member and a transfer member. In various embodiments the transfer means consists of the impression member and the transfer member wherein the transfer member is in the form of a layer of the one or more cells. [0142] In various embodiments at least two transfer means are provided. In various embodiments at least two transfer means are provided, each comprising an impression member and a transfer member. In various embodiments at least two transfer means are provided, each comprising an impression member and a transfer member, wherein each of the transfer members comprise one or more cells with outward facing apertures and are provided on the exterior of the impression members.
  • At least two transfer means are provided, each comprising an impression member and a transfer member, wherein each of the transfer members comprise one or more cells with outward facing apertures and are provided on the exterior of the impression members, and wherein the transfer means are positioned in proximity to each other such that pressure is formed on each transfer member by the corresponding impression members as the substrate layer is conveyed along a transport path in a machine direction.
  • two transfer means are provided.
  • two transfer means are provided, each comprising an impression member and a transfer member.
  • two transfer means are provided, each comprising an impression member and a transfer member, wherein each of the transfer members comprise one or more cells with outward facing apertures and are provided on the exterior of the impression members.
  • two transfer means are provided, each comprising an impression member and a transfer member, wherein each of the transfer members comprise one or more cells with outward facing apertures and are provided on the exterior of the impression members, and wherein the transfer means are positioned in proximity to each other such that pressure is formed on each transfer member by the
  • the transfer means is a cylinder. In some embodiments the transfer means is stadium ⁇ shaped.
  • the transfer means comprises an impression member and a transfer member, wherein the transfer member is provided on the exterior of the impression member and wherein the transfer member partially surrounds the impression member in a longitudinal direction of the impression member.
  • the transfer means comprises of impression member and a transfer member, wherein the transfer member completely encompasses the impression member in a longitudinal direction.
  • TRANSFER MEMBER [0147] As described herein, the transfer member comprises one or more cells with outward facing apertures that are capable of being loaded with one or more substances, which can be transferred to a substrate material.
  • the one or more cells of the transfer member reversibly compress under force applied by the impression member to at least the one or more cells in step (c) of the above detailed method, so as to cause the one or more substance(s) comprised within the one or more cells to transfer to the substrate layer.
  • Figure 19 depicts an elastomeric product comprising cells that reversibly compress as a force is applied to them.
  • the transfer member comprises an elastomeric material. In a preferred embodiment, the transfer member consists of an elastomeric material. [0151] In various embodiments, the transfer member comprises a silicone ⁇ based material, an ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) based material, a polypropylene material, a polyethylene terephthalate material, a thermoplastic polyurethane material or combinations thereof. In various embodiments, the transfer member comprises a silicone ⁇ based material, an ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) based material, or combinations thereof. In various embodiments, the transfer member comprises a silicone ⁇ based material. In various embodiments, the transfer member consists of a silicone ⁇ based material.
  • EPDM ethylene propylene diene monomer
  • the transfer member comprises an ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) based material. In various embodiments, the transfer member consists of an ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) based material. In various embodiments, the transfer member comprises a silicone ⁇ rubber foam material. In various embodiments, the transfer member consists of a silicone ⁇ rubber foam material. [0152] As described herein, the transfer member has certain characteristics that ensure its suitability as a material for the transfer member(s) of the present invention, particularly for reversible compressibility of the one or more cells comprised within the transfer member(s). [0153] In some embodiments, the transfer member(s) have a Shore A hardness value of from about 5 to about 30.
  • the transfer member(s) have a Shore A hardness value of from about 5 to about 25. In some embodiments, the transfer member(s) have a Shore A hardness value of from about 5 to about 20. In some embodiments, the transfer member(s) have a Shore A hardness value of from about 7 to about 20. In some embodiments, the transfer member(s) have a Shore A hardness value of from about 7 to about 15. [0154] Shore A hardness values can be determined, for example, using an industry standard Durometer in accordance with ASTM D2240. [0155] In some embodiments, the transfer member(s) have a density of from about 100 to about 500 g/cm 3 .
  • the transfer member(s) have a density of from about 100 to about 400 g/cm 3 . In some embodiments, the transfer member(s) have a density of from about 150 to about 400 g/cm 3 . In some embodiments, the transfer member(s) have a density of from about 200 to about 300 g/cm 3 . [0156] In some embodiments, the transfer member(s) have a compressive stress 40% strain of from about 30 to about 150 KPa. In some embodiments, the transfer member(s) have a compressive stress
  • the transfer member(s) have a compressive stress 40% strain of from about 70 to about 110 KPa.
  • the transfer member(s) have a compression set value (22 hours @ 70 o C) of about 20% or less. In some embodiments, the transfer member(s) has a compression set value (22 hours @ 70oC) of about 15% or less. In some embodiments, the transfer member(s) has a compression set value (22 hours @ 70 o C) of about 12% or less.
  • the transfer member(s) have a tensile strength of about 0.5 N/mm 2 or more.
  • the transfer member(s) have a tensile strength of about 0.6 N/mm 2 or more. In some embodiments, the transfer member(s) have a tensile strength of about 0.7 N/mm 2 or more. [0159] In some embodiments, the transfer member(s) have an elongation to failure of at least about 80%. In some embodiments, the transfer member(s) have an elongation to failure of at least about 100%. In some embodiments, the transfer member(s) have an elongation to failure of at least about 150%.
  • the transfer member(s) have: (a) a Shore A hardness value of from about 5 to about 30; (b) a density of from about 100 to about 500 g/cm 3 ; (c) a compressive stress 40% strain of from about 30 to about 150 KPa; (d) a compression set value (22 hours @ 70 o C) of about 20% or less; (e) a tensile strength of about 0.5 N/mm 2 or more; (f) an elongation to failure of at least about 80%.
  • a pattern or design can be provided in the transfer member(s), which will dictate the pattern or design that will be conveyed to the substrate material.
  • a pattern can be provided in the transfer member(s) by acid etching, laser etching, injection moulded or mechanical engraving.
  • a pattern can be provided in the transfer member(s) by laser etching or injection moulded.
  • a pattern can be provided in the transfer member(s) by 3D printing the transfer member(s).
  • a wound cleanser may be an aid in debridement – removing deeply adherent, dead or contaminated tissue from a wound ⁇ but a debridement solution is not a wound cleanser.
  • Dakin s solution, a buffered 0.5 percent solution of sodium or potassium hypochlorite, is for example a debridement agent rather than a cleansing one because it is injurious to tissues.
  • a desirable wound cleanser should be biocompatible and physiologically compatible with the body tissue. Wound irrigation is the act of flushing a wound with a stream or flow of a solution across an open wound surface. A wound cleanser may also provide additional benefits such as moisturising, which may occur during irrigating or rinsing a wound with the cleanser.
  • the substances and compositions of the present disclosure disrupt and lift the loose components of wounds from the surface. Surprisingly the substances and compositions further disrupt one or more biofilms.
  • microbe means bacteria, protozoa, fungi, algae, amoeba, and slime molds.
  • the bacterial infection is associated with Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
  • biofilm means a syntrophic consortium of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other and optionally also to a surface. These adherent cells become embedded within a slimy extracellular matrix that is composed of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs).
  • EPSs extracellular polymeric substances
  • the wound comprises one or more biofilms, wherein “biofilm” is as defined herein.
  • the wound cleansing dressing for use as described herein the wound comprises one or more biofilms and treating the wound comprises disrupting said
  • the substances of the present invention are advantageous for the treatment of all wounds.
  • Wounds suitable for treatment may, for example, be acute, surgical, or traumatic wounds.
  • Such wounds may be irrigated by the substances of the present invention to remove contamination and debris, and to clean the surrounding skin so that suitable dressings may be applied.
  • wounds may be cleansed e.g. between dressing changes, to remove excess exudates, debris, non ⁇ viable tissues, and to reduce the surface/skin bioburden (e.g. bacteria, thereby reducing infection risk).
  • the substance of the present invention may be used to cleanse a wound that appears to be on a healing pathway in order to prevent opportunistic pathogens from forming biofilm. Cleansing with the substances of the present invention is particularly advantageous after debridement. Wound cleansing may also be performed to assist appropriate inspection and diagnosis. Cleansing with the substances of the present invention is particularly advantageous for the treatment of long ⁇ standing, non ⁇ healing, so ⁇ called chronic wounds.
  • the one or more substance(s) can be applied in the form of a solid, a gel, a wax, a liquid, a suspension, or an emulsion. In a preferred embodiment, the substance(s) are applied in the form of a liquid.
  • the one or more substance(s) are selected from: one or more of a wound cleansing or debridement composition, medicament, an adhesive, a deodorant, a chelating agent, a surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a thickening agent, an electrically conductive formulation, a thermoresponsive agent, an exothermic agent, an endothermic agent, or a combination thereof.
  • the medicament comprises one or more agents selected from: antimicrobials, analgesics, coagulants, anti ⁇ inflammatories or a combination thereof.
  • the one or more substance(s) comprises a wound cleansing or debridement composition.
  • the one or more substance(s) comprises a wound cleansing or debridement composition comprising a chelating agent, an amphoteric surfactant, and an anionic surfactant.
  • the one or more substance(s) comprises a wound cleansing or debridement composition, preferably wherein the composition comprises: i. a chelating agent; ii. an amphoteric surfactant; iii. an anionic surfactant; and iv. a thickening agent, wherein the thickening agent comprises at least one poly(meth)acrylic acid and/or salt thereof.
  • the chelating agent may be selected from citrates, tartrates, tartramides, tartrimides, gluconates, lactates, glycolates, oxalates, phosphates, salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and mixtures thereof.
  • the chelating agent may be selected from citrates, phosphates, oxalates, salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and mixtures thereof.
  • the salts are metal ion or ammonium salts. The metal ion of said salts is not limited.
  • metal ion salts are preferred and may be selected from sodium and/or potassium salts.
  • the salts are sodium salts.
  • the chelating agent comprises a salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.
  • the ethylenediaminetetraacetate salt may be a mixture of di ⁇ , tri ⁇ , or tetra ⁇ basic salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA).
  • the EDTA salt may, for instance, be a di ⁇ sodium salt of EDTA, or calcium di ⁇ sodium salt of EDTA, or tetra ⁇ sodium salt of EDTA.
  • the salt of EDTA is a mixture of salts of EDTA. It is believed that EDTA, when present, will have a form which is dependent on the pH of the wound site.
  • EDTA may be added to the wound cleansing or debridement composition as a tetra ⁇ basic salt of EDTA such as tetrasodium EDTA. In some embodiments, EDTA is not in the form of the disodium salt.
  • the citrate salt may similarly be a mono ⁇ , di ⁇ or tri ⁇ citrate salt. In various embodiments the citrate salt may be mono ⁇ , di ⁇ or tri ⁇ potassium citrate or mono ⁇ , di ⁇ or tri ⁇ sodium citrate. In preferred embodiments, the citrate salt is a tri ⁇ citrate salt such as trisodium citrate.
  • the tartrate may be a mono ⁇ , or di ⁇ tartrate salt.
  • the tartrate salt may be mono ⁇ or di ⁇ potassium tartrate; or mono ⁇ or di ⁇ sodium tartrate. In specific embodiments, the tartrate salt is a di ⁇ tartrate salt such as disodium tartrate.
  • the gluconate may be potassium gluconate or sodium gluconate. In specific embodiments, the gluconate salt is sodium gluconate.
  • the lactate may be potassium lactate or sodium lactate. In specific embodiments, the lactate salt is sodium lactate.
  • the glycolate may be potassium glycolate or sodium glycolate. In specific embodiments, the glycolate salt is sodium glycolate.
  • the oxalate may be a mono ⁇ , or di ⁇ oxalate salt.
  • the oxalate salt may be mono ⁇ or di ⁇ potassium oxalate; or mono ⁇ or di ⁇ sodium oxalate.
  • the oxalate salt is a di ⁇ oxalate salt such as disodium oxalate.
  • the phosphate salt may be an ortho ⁇ phosphate, a pyrophosphate, a tripolyphosphate or a derivatised phosphate.
  • the phosphate is typically in the form of a potassium or sodium salt.
  • the chelating agent may be present in the substance in an amount of up to about 10 wt%, up to about 8 wt%, or up to about 6 wt% of the total weight of the substance. In various embodiments, the chelating agent may be present in the substance in an amount of at least about 0.5 wt%, at least about 1.0, or at least about 1.2 wt% of the total weight of the substance.
  • the amphoteric surfactant is selected from hydrocarbyl ⁇ amphoacetates, alkenyl ⁇ amphoacetates, hydrocarbyl ⁇ amphodiacetates, alkenyl ⁇ amphodiacetates, hydrocarbylampho ⁇ propionates, hydrocarbylampho ⁇ diproprionates, hydrocarbylamphohydroxypropyl sultaines, and mixtures thereof.
  • the hydrocarbyl and alkenyl groups are C6 to C24, C8 to C24, or C10 to C20, hydrocarbyl or alkenyl groups.
  • the amphoteric surfactant has a counter ⁇ ion of an alkali metal such as sodium or potassium, or an ammonium ion.
  • the amphoteric surfactant has an alkali metal counter ⁇ ion, and more preferably the counter ⁇ ion is sodium.
  • the term “hydrocarbyl” includes a group such as alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl, cycloalkyl or alkenyl, which may be linear or branched, and/or saturated or unsaturated. In one embodiment, the hydrocarbyl may be a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group.
  • the amphoteric surfactant is a hydrocarbyl ⁇ amphoacetate salt, preferably a fatty acid amphoacetate.
  • the fatty acid or salt thereof may be a C6 ⁇ C24 fatty acid or salt thereof, or a mixture thereof.
  • the fatty acid or salt thereof may be saturated or unsaturated. When unsaturated, the unsaturated fatty acid or salt thereof may be mono ⁇ or di ⁇ unsaturated.
  • the unsaturated fatty acid or salt thereof may comprise cis ⁇ or trans ⁇ double bonds or mixtures thereof.
  • the fatty acid or salt thereof is a C12 ⁇ C18 monounsaturated fatty acid or salt thereof.
  • fatty acids examples include stearic acid, ricinoleic acid, oleic acid, eladic acid, petrolselinic acid, palmitic acid, erucic acid, behenic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, or linoleic acid.
  • the amphoteric surfactant comprises a cocoamphoacetate.
  • the counter ⁇ ion of the cocoamphoacetate is preferably sodium.
  • Sodium cocoamphoacetate is commercially available, for example under the trade name Dehyton® MC (BASF) or Amphosol® 1C (Stepan®). Such commercial preparations are typically solutions of sodium cocoamphoacetate, typically containing from about 30 to about 40 wt% sodium cocoamphoacetate on an actives basis.
  • the metal ions of the salt of the chelating agent and the salt of the amphoteric surfactant are the same.
  • both the chelating agent and surfactant are sodium salts.
  • the amphoteric surfactant may be present in the substance in an amount of up to about 15 wt%, up to about 10 wt% or up to about 5 wt% of the total weight of the substance. In various embodiments, the amphoteric surfactant may be present in the substance in an amount of at least about 1 wt% of the total weight of the substance.
  • the anionic surfactant may include all forms of lipophilic oligomeric hydrocarbon and/or polyethoxylate with a negatively charged hydrophilic head group such as carboxylate, sulphate, sulphonate, sulphonated ester, sulphated ester, sulphated amide, carboxylated amide, or phosphate anionic head group.
  • the fatty acid may comprise 6 to 24 carbon atoms, such as 10 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • the anionic surfactant comprises a fatty acid or salt thereof.
  • the fatty acid may comprise 6 to 24 carbon atoms, such as 10 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • Examples of fatty acids include stearic acid, ricinoleic acid, oleic acid, eladic acid, petrolselinic acid, palmitic acid, erucic acid, behenic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, or linoleic acid.
  • the anionic surfactant may be a fatty acid or salt thereof which is a C6 ⁇ C24 fatty acid or salt thereof, or a mixture thereof.
  • the salt may be an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt, preferably an alkali metal salt.
  • the alkali metal is sodium or potassium, more preferably sodium.
  • the fatty acid or salt thereof may be saturated or unsaturated. When unsaturated, the unsaturated fatty acid or salt thereof may be mono ⁇ or di ⁇ unsaturated. The unsaturated fatty acid or salt thereof may comprise cis ⁇ or trans ⁇ double bonds or mixtures thereof.
  • the fatty acid or salt thereof is a C12 ⁇ C18 monounsaturated fatty acid or salt thereof.
  • the fatty acid or salt thereof is oleic acid or a salt thereof.
  • the salt of oleic acid is not limited and may be a metal salt of oleic acid.
  • the salt of oleic acid may be sodium oleate.
  • the salt of oleic acid may be formed by adding oleic acid to the substance such that the metal ions, e.g. sodium ions, are provided by provided by the chelating agent, the thickening agent and/or the amphoteric surfactant.
  • the amount of anionic surfactant in the substance is not necessarily limited.
  • the anionic surfactant may, for example, be present in the substance in an amount of up to about 15 wt%, up to about 10 wt%, or up to about 8 wt% of the total weight of the substance.
  • the anionic surfactant may be present in an amount of at least about 1 wt%, or at least about 1.5 wt% of the total weight of the substance.
  • the anionic surfactant is present in the substance in an amount of from about 1 wt% to about 15 wt%, preferably from about 1 wt% to about 10 wt%, more preferably from about 1.5 wt% to about 8 wt% of the total weight of the substance.
  • poly(meth)acrylic acids may be homopolymers, copolymers, or interpolymers.
  • homopolymeric poly(meth)acrylic acids comprise a polymer backbone consisting of repeat units formed from (meth)acrylic acid.
  • Poly(meth)acrylic acid copolymers comprise repeat units formed from (meth)acrylic acid and may comprise further repeat units derived from other monomers.
  • Non ⁇ limiting examples of such monomers include (meth)acrylate esters, (meth)acrylamides, olefins, maleic anhydrides, vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, and styrenics; as well as unsaturated carboxylic acids other than (meth)acrylic acid.
  • a poly(meth)acrylic acid copolymer may comprise repeat units formed from (meth)acrylic acid and at least one alkyl acrylate.
  • a non ⁇ limiting example of a commonly used alkyl acrylate in such copolymers is C 10 ⁇ C 30 alkyl acrylate.
  • the poly(meth)acrylic acid and/or salt thereof is an interpolymer.
  • the term “interpolymer” refers to a complex comprising at least two polymers. In such interpolymers, one or more of the constituent polymers may be a homopolymer or a copolymer.
  • At least one of the constituent polymers of the interpolymer may be a copolymer of acrylic acid and C 10 ⁇ C 30 alkyl acrylate.
  • the complex between the at least two polymers arises due to non ⁇ covalent interactions.
  • one polymer may be entangled within the other and/or be associated via hydrogen bonding.
  • the at least one poly(meth)acrylic acid and/or salt thereof is an interpolymer that comprises a block copolymer comprising polyethylene glycol and a fatty acid ester.
  • the fatty acid ester is 12 ⁇ hydroxystearic acid.
  • the poly(meth)acrylic acid and/or salt thereof may be cross ⁇ linked.
  • Common cross ⁇ linking agents are known in the art.
  • the at least one poly(meth)acrylic acid and/or salt thereof may be cross ⁇ linked with an allyl ether cross ⁇ linking agent.
  • the allyl ether cross ⁇ linking agent is selected from allyl sucrose and allyl pentaerythritol.
  • Interpolymeric polyacrylic acids and/or salts thereof are described in e.g. US Patent Nos. 5,288,814 and 5,349,030, the contents of both being incorporated herein by reference.
  • Examples of commercially available interpolymeric polyacrylic acids and/or salts thereof suitable for use in the present disclosure include Carbopol® ETD 2020 and Carbopol® Ultrez 10.
  • the salts of the at least one poly(meth)acrylic acid are not limited.
  • Poly(meth)acrylic acids are polyanionic polymers, i.e. the carboxylic acid side ⁇ groups of the polymer chain can be deprotonated and thereby acquire negative charge.
  • the at least one poly(meth)acrylic acid when deprotonated may be associated with any compatible cation, for example when supplied in salt form, or when formulated in the substance or composition as described herein such that cationic species are provided by other components present in the substance or composition.
  • the poly(meth)acrylic acid and/or salt thereof comprises a sodium salt of poly(meth)acrylic acid.
  • counter ⁇ ions such as sodium ions may be provided by the chelating agent, the amphoteric surfactant and/or the anionic surfactant.
  • the degree of deprotonation of the poly(meth)acrylic acid will depend on various factors including the pH of the substance or composition, and thus the poly(meth)acrylic acid may be present in the substance or composition of the present disclosure in varying proportions of free acid and (poly)anionic forms thereof.
  • the pH of the substance or composition is from about pH 4 to about pH 10, from about pH 5 to about pH8, or from about pH 5.5 to about pH 6.5.
  • the at least one poly(meth)acrylic acid and/or salt thereof is present in the substance of the present disclosure in an amount of at least about 0.1 wt%, at least about 0.2 wt%, or at least about 0.3 wt% of the total weight of the substance .
  • the at least one poly(meth)acrylic acid and/or salt thereof is present in the substance of the present disclosure in an amount of up to about 2 wt%, up to about 1.5 wt%, up to about 1 wt%, or up to about 0.5 wt% of the total weight of the substance .
  • the at least one poly(meth)acrylic acid and/or salt thereof is present in the substance of the present disclosure in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 2 wt%, from about 0.2 to about 1.5 wt%, or from about 0.3 to about 1 wt% of the total weight of the substance .
  • the one or more substance(s) comprises a non ⁇ antimicrobial composition, said composition comprising (i) at least about 50 wt% of a carrier which is glycerol, triglycerol, or a combination thereof, (ii) a solvent which is one or more C 1 ⁇ 4 alcohol, and (iii) one or more excipients, wherein the weight ratio of (i) to (ii) in the composition is from about 2:1 to about 5:1.
  • (i) is glycerol or a combination of glycerol and triglycerol.
  • the combination of glycerol and triglycerol may have a parts by weight ratio of about 99:1 to about 50:50 parts. This range may be combined with the above weight ratio ranges for (i):(ii) as well as the concentration ranges described herein.
  • the non ⁇ antimicrobial composition may comprise (i) and (ii) at a weight ratio of from about 2.5:1 to about 4:1, wherein (i) is glycerol or a combination of glycerol and triglycerol, the combination having a parts by weight ratio of about 99:1 to about 50:50.
  • (i) in the non ⁇ antimicrobial composition is glycerol.
  • the concentration of (i) glycerol, triglycerol, or combination thereof is not critical to the present disclosure. As will be appreciated from the scope of the appended claims and the Examples, it is the relative amount of (i) to (ii) the one or more C 1 ⁇ 4 alcohol which is important (from about 2:1 to about 5:1, preferably from about 2.5:1 to about 4:1, more preferably from about 13:4 to about 4:1), and the concentrations of (i) and (ii) will depend on the concentration of the one or more excipients. Should the skilled person require a lower limit for (i), (i) may be included in the non ⁇ antimicrobial composition in an amount of at least about 50 wt% and preferably about 55 wt%.
  • (i) may be included in the non ⁇ antimicrobial composition in an amount of no more than about 90 wt% and preferably no more than about 85 wt%. Combining these lower and upper limits provides a general range of at least about 50 wt% to no more than about 90 wt%, and a preferred range of at least about 55 wt% to no more than about 85 wt%.
  • the carrier (i) is glycerol or a combination of glycerol and triglycerol, wherein the combination has a parts by weight ratio of about 99:1 to about 50:50, and wherein (i) is present in the non ⁇ antimicrobial composition in an amount of at least about 50 wt% to no more than about 90 wt%.
  • (i) is glycerol, and glycerol is present in the non ⁇ antimicrobial composition in an amount of at least about 50 wt% to no more than about 90 wt%.
  • (i) in the non ⁇ antimicrobial composition is glycerol or a combination of glycerol and triglycerol, wherein the combination has a parts by weight ratio of about 99:1 to about 50:50, and wherein (i) is present in the non ⁇ antimicrobial composition in an amount of at least about
  • (i) is glycerol, and glycerol is present in the non ⁇ antimicrobial composition in an amount of at least about 55 wt% to no more than about 85 wt%.
  • the one or more C1 ⁇ 4 alcohol is included in the non ⁇ antimicrobial composition to assist the glycerol, triglycerol, or combination thereof, in the solubilisation of the one or more excipients. As the alcohol is volatile, it can be evaporated off the substrate layer after printing.
  • the one or more C 1 ⁇ 4 alcohol is selected from methanol, ethanol and propanol, or isomers and mixtures thereof, preferably wherein the one or more C1 ⁇ 4 alcohol comprises ethanol.
  • industrial denatured alcohol is employed but the present disclosure is not limited to this specific form of the one or more C 1 ⁇ 4 alcohol.
  • (i) in the non ⁇ antimicrobial composition is glycerol or a combination of glycerol and triglycerol, wherein the combination has a parts by weight ratio of about 99:1 to about 50:50; wherein (i) is present in the non ⁇ antimicrobial composition in an amount of at least about 50 wt% to no more than about 90 wt%; and wherein (ii) the one or more C1 ⁇ 4 alcohol is selected from methanol, ethanol and propanol, or isomers and mixtures thereof.
  • (i) is glycerol, and glycerol is present in the non ⁇ antimicrobial composition in an amount of at least about 50 wt% to no more than about 90 wt%.
  • (i) is glycerol, present in the non ⁇ antimicrobial composition in an amount of at least about 50 wt% to no more than about 90 wt% and the one or more C 1 ⁇ 4 alcohol comprises ethanol.
  • (i) in the non ⁇ antimicrobial composition is glycerol or a combination of glycerol and triglycerol, wherein the combination has a parts by weight ratio of about 99:1 to about 50:50; wherein (i) is present in the non ⁇ antimicrobial composition in an amount of at least about 55 wt% to no more than about 85 wt%; and wherein the one or more C 1 ⁇ 4 alcohol comprises ethanol.
  • (i) is glycerol, and glycerol is present in the non ⁇ antimicrobial composition in an amount of at least about 55 wt% to no more than about 85 wt%.
  • (i) is glycerol, present in the non ⁇ antimicrobial composition in an amount of at least about 55 wt% to no more than about 85 wt% and the one or more C 1 ⁇ 4 alcohol comprises ethanol.
  • the weight ratio of (i) to (ii) in the non ⁇ antimicrobial composition may be from about 2.5:1 to about 4:1, preferably from about 13:4 to about 4:1.
  • the substances of the present disclosure are non ⁇ antimicrobial.
  • the substances of the present disclosure do not comprise an non ⁇ antimicrobial agent.
  • the non ⁇ antimicrobial agent is not limited and includes silver compounds, hypochlorous acid, polyhexamethylene biguanide (also known as polyhexanide biguanide), chlorhexidine and salts thereof.
  • the generally accepted criterion for an non ⁇ antimicrobial cleanser solution is a 3 ⁇ log10 reduction in microbial cell number in a given contact time period.
  • the non ⁇ antimicrobial wound cleansing compositions described herein cause less than about a 3 ⁇ log10 reduction in the number of microbial cells in the wound when contacted with the wound for about 10 minutes.
  • the non ⁇ antimicrobial wound cleansing compositions described herein cause less than about a 2 ⁇ log10 reduction in the number of microbial cells in the wound when contacted with the wound for about 10 minutes.
  • the non ⁇ antimicrobial wound cleansing compositions described herein cause less than about a 1 ⁇ log10 reduction in the number of microbial cells in the wound when contacted with the wound for about 10 minutes.
  • the substances may be thickened with a thickening agent.
  • Exemplary thickening agents include gums, polysaccharides such as starch, agar, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, gelatin, pectin, chitosan, alginate, clay, synthetic thickeners such as polyethylene glycols, poloxamers (as defined herein above), polyvinyl alcohol/acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylates, silicates/silica, carbomers. Any of the preceding forms may alternatively be prepared extemporaneously, e.g. by a clinician, healthcare practitioner, or pharmacist. In various embodiments, the substances may be supplied as a concentrate for dilution, e.g.
  • the substances of the present invention do not contain further components other than those already described above.
  • the substances are preferably supplied as a sterile solution, e.g. wherein such solutions are prepared from sterilised components in a sterile environment, or wherein the final solution is sterilised by methods commonly known in the art.
  • the substances of the present invention may comprise one or more additional components selected from preservatives, anti ⁇ oxidants, osmotic adjusters and surfactants.
  • Suitable preservatives are known in the art, such as polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB). Preservatives may advantageously have a mild bacteriostatic effect in the wound.
  • Anti ⁇ oxidants are also well known and a person skilled in the art of the present invention will be able to select suitable anti ⁇ oxidants. Anti ⁇ oxidants may advantageously aid preservation and reduce the prevalence of reactive oxygen species in the wound environment that are typically elevated in chronically inflamed wounds and associated with retarded healing.
  • Osmotic adjusters may be included in the solutions of the present invention to adjust the tonicity (ionic strength) of said substances. For example, pain can be minimised by the use of isotonic substances (i.e.
  • the wound cleansing composition is an isotonic or hypertonic solution.
  • one or more surfactants in addition to those described above may be included, e.g.
  • the wound cleansing composition may have a surface tension of less than about 35 mN/m to facilitate loosening and cleansing.
  • one substance is applied to the substrate layer.
  • multiple substances are applied to the substrate layer.
  • the one or more substance(s) are applied to a single surface of the substrate layer.
  • different substances are applied to different surfaces of the substrate layer.
  • a combination of substances are applied to a single surface of the substrate layer.
  • a combination of substances are applied to multiple surfaces of the substrate layer.
  • two or more substance(s) are applied to the first surface of the at least one substrate layer.
  • a combination of substance(s) are applied to the first surface of the at least one substrate layer.
  • a combination of substance(s) are applied to the first surface and a second surface of the at least one substrate layer.
  • the at least one substrate layer comprises a second surface opposite the first surface and the second surface comprises the same substance(s) impregnated at the same depth as the first surface.
  • the two or more substances may produce, for example, a physical, physiological or physiochemical response between the two substances when applied to a wound site that is in essence activated or initiated by contact with a wound. For example, activation of endothermic excipients or initiation of electrochemical substances.
  • the two or more substances provide a synergistic effect when applied to a user.
  • Exemplary applications of the substances in this regard can be seen in Figure 4, where (A) and (B) designate different substances deposited on the substrate surface, although this is not limiting on the potential scope for these applications.
  • the mass of substance comprised in the at least one substrate layer is of from about 0.10 to about 50.00 g/m2 per surface; preferably wherein the mass of substance comprised in the at least one substrate layer is of from about 0.5 to about 20.00 g/m 2 per surface.
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool is of a multi ⁇ layer construction. In various embodiments, the wound dressing or debridement tool is of a multi ⁇ layer construction wherein the multilayer construction further comprises one or more functional layers, as described above. [0235] In various embodiments, the wound dressing or debridement tool comprises an outer cover layer, a support layer, a superabsorbent layer, a wound contacting layer and a transmission layer. [0236] In various embodiments, the wound dressing or debridement tool comprises an outer cover layer, a support layer, a superabsorbent layer, and a wound contacting layer.
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool comprises an outer cover layer and a wound contacting layer.
  • the one or more substance(s) transferred to the substrate layer is at least partially impregnated within the substrate layer.
  • the one or more substance(s) transferred to the substrate layer is coated on or at least partially impregnated within the substrate layer.
  • the one or more substance(s) transferred to the substrate layer is at least partially impregnated within the substrate layer.
  • the one or more substance(s) transferred to the substrate layer is coated on the substrate layer.
  • the wound dressings or debridement tools of the present disclosure are useful for the treatment of wounds, including initial treatment in first response settings, as well as in ongoing wound management such as in primary care settings.
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool described herein may be used in cleansing and/or irrigating a wound.
  • the use of the wound dressing or debridement tool as disclosed herein may prevent or minimise slough accumulation in a wound or to de ⁇ slough a wound, the use comprising contacting said wound dressing or debridement tool with said wound or contacting said wound with said wound dressing or debridement tool, preferably wherein the wound is a chronic wound, acute wound, or burn.
  • the wound is a chronic wound.
  • the wound is an acute wound.
  • the wound is a burn.
  • a system for applying one or more substance(s) to one or more substrate layer(s) of an article comprising: (a) at least one transfer means comprising an impression member and a transfer member, wherein the transfer member comprises one or more cells with outward facing apertures, wherein the transfer member is provided on the exterior of the impression member, and wherein the one or more cells are configured to be reversibly compressible under force exerted by the impression member; (b) at least one reservoir comprising the substance; (c) a pump configured to draw the substance from the reservoir and introduce it into the one or more cells of the transfer member; (d) optionally a component configured to remove excess substance from the transfer member.
  • a further advantage is that multiple substance can be applied to a single transfer means/transfer member using multiple reservoirs and pumps. This is particularly advantageous, given that Gravure and rotary pad printing typically require multiple cylinders to apply multiple formulations to a single substrate material. Thus, efficiency is improved.
  • a process for preparing an article as disclosed herein comprises, in order, the steps of: (a) conveying a substrate layer along a transport path in a machine direction toward at least one transfer means comprising an impression member and a transfer member, wherein the transfer m ember comprises one or more cells with outward facing apertures, wherein the transfer member is provided on the exterior of the impression member, and wherein the one or more cells are configured to be reversibly compressible under force exerted by the impression member;
  • the process for preparing an article comprises the preparation of an article that is of a multilayer construction comprising: (a) the substrate layer comprising the one or more substance(s) configured as a wound or epidermis contacting layer; (b) at least one substrate layer comprising the one or more substance(s) adhered or affixed to one or more additional functional layers that are configured as a wound or epidermis contacting layer, p referably wherein the one or more additional functional layers are selected from the group consisting of: an absorbent layer, a transmission layer, an adhesive layer, a support layer, a soluble medicated film layer, an odour ⁇ absorbing layer, a spreading layer
  • Base weight can be calculated using the following formulae:
  • This area is used to calculate the weight required to exert 40mmHg of compression over the dressing pad.
  • the test sample is weighed [W1] and placed onto a perforated plate within absorption container.
  • a compression load (a weight equivalent to 40 mmHg as commonly applied with a high compression bandage therapy) is applied evenly over the surface of the test sample.
  • Warmed hydrating fluid (Solution A at 37°C ⁇ 2°C) is added to the container at a volume such that the perforated plate is covered. Samples are then incubated for 24 hours at 20°C( ⁇ 2°C). After incubation, the hydrating fluid is drained off prior to removing the weights. Each sample is removed from the solution and the sample is weighed again [W2].
  • a 10x10 cm AQUACEL® Extra dressing was placed onto the loading tray, which is moved under the screen with a bottom switch. Approximately 5 ml of ink formulations were poured onto the screen between the squeegee and open pattern. An upper switch moved the squeegee across the screen, pushing ink through the mesh. The mass deposited equated to 0.15 g per 10 x 10 cm dressing (15 g/m 2 ). Samples were left to dry for 24 hours, 2x2 cm squares were then cut from the 10x10 cm printed samples and tested using the simulated non ⁇ viable matter model described below (cf Efficacy Testing).
  • Figure 8 illustrates the relationship between the mass of AQUACEL Clean excipients (g) per side of a 10x10 cm sample when different surface areas are covered and the efficacy of these samples on the simulated non ⁇ viable matter model compared to an AQUACEL Extra control.
  • Figure 9 illustrates the relationship between the mass of formulation excipients (g) per side of a 10x10 cm sample when printed with a high (55T), medium (2.8 g/m2) and low (Nominal) concentration ink, and the efficacy of these samples on the simulated non ⁇ viable matter model compared to an AQUACEL Extra control.
  • EXAMPLE 2 Prototypes printed with glycerol ⁇ based inks were found to take up to three days to “dry”. The ink deposits do not truly dry, they remain liquid because glycerol is a non ⁇ volatile humectant. A better definition is that ink stops visibly transferring onto any other surface it encounters. This can be understood as the migration of the liquid residue into the voids within the dressing fabric as opposed to remaining on the surface of the fabric as initially deposited. Changing the diameter of the printed dots in the pattern will increase the relative surface area of ink and will more closely match the size of the voids within the fabric. Therefore, it is hypothesised that decreasing the diameter of the dots without having to decrease the open area (area covered by ink) may decrease the drying time.
  • a pilot plant was prepared where the following settings could be manipulated: compressed air pressure (0 ⁇ 90psi), height of the air knife above the dressing (4cm – 15cm) and speed of the dressing moving below the air knife (20 ⁇ 100, 0.08 ⁇ 1.87cm/sec). A range of air knife settings were used and assessed during the development of the test method. [0287] The experimental method involved the following qualitative and quantitative steps:
  • the mass differential of the Bristol paper before and after ink transfer was assessed, as was the transferred ink % area.
  • the ink transfer samples on Bristol paper were photographed using a digital camera (Canon EOSM50) in the Just Normlicht Basic Color Viewing cabinet (Asset ID 1307) on the daylight setting.
  • Step 1 Capture image
  • Step 2 Maximise view of image
  • Step 3 Define maximum test area that is free from aberrations
  • Step 4 Improve image quality
  • e Select optimum colour channel
  • f Step 6 Set threshold
  • Step 6 Analyse
  • This section of textile is then mounted onto a petri dish by placing the edge of the section onto the petri dish so the edge is perpendicular to the petri dish, the ends of the section are then taped to secure the textile in place.
  • the depth of the ink is measured from the top surface of the textile to the bottom of the ink deposit, and the width of the printed ink is measured from one edge of the ink deposit to the other edge of the ink deposit.
  • the ink depth and textile width are measured in millimetres.
  • the assessed printing techniques include the method of the invention (Examples 1 ⁇ 1 to 1 ⁇ 6), Flat Screen printing (Examples 2
  • Formulation D I ngredient Concentration in Ink (% w/w) Sodium Cocoamphoacetate 20.93 Tetrasodium EDTA 6.20 Oleic Acid 22.87 Glycerin 49.50 Poly(meth)acrylic Acid 0.5 TOTAL 100 [0314] Substance Preparation: A 1L thick wall glass beaker along with the propeller blade shaft is weighed and recorded tare weight of the beaker + shaft.
  • 64 motor is used to formulate a Na4EDTA/Sodium Cocoamphoacetate premix.
  • 154.3g of Amphosol 1C (Sodium Cocoamphoacetate, Stepan) was placed in the glass jar and turned on the mixer. Added 45.7g of Na 4 EDTA and continued mixing and raised the temperature to 54°C. After 30 min, QS the lost wt. with deionised water and mixed for an additional 10 min before removing the shaft and closing the jar. Turned off heating and added 20.47g of Oleic Acid, 5.55g of Na4EDTA and 18.75g of Amphosol 1C. Continued mixing for an additional 30 min and transferred the contents to a 16 Oz glass jar.
  • Amphosol 1C Sodium Cocoamphoacetate, Stepan
  • Table 12 1 ⁇ 6 2 ⁇ 6 3 ⁇ 6 4 ⁇ 6 5 ⁇ 6 Printability EXCELLENT EXCELLENT GOOD FAIR GOOD VERY Print Consistancy EXCELLENT EXCELLENT FAIR FAIR GOOD VERY Resolution Tolerance EXCELLENT GOOD POOR POOR GOOD VERY Coat Weight Range EXCELLENT EXCELLENT GOOD POOR GOOD VERY Depth/Placement GOOD GOOD FAIR GOOD FAIR Speed EXCELLENT GOOD EXCELLENT EXCELLENT FAIR [0324] The results of the printing tests are illustrated in Figures 28, 29, 30, 31, 32 and 33. The inventive method was found to possess many advantages over comparable techniques known in the art, including superior printability, print consistency, resolution tolerance, coat weight range, depth/placement and speed.
  • Figure 18 Component List (2) Substrate (7) Reservoir (8) Pump (9) Transfer Member (10) Cells with outward facing aperture (11) Impression Member (12) Transfer Means (13) Channel Feeder (14) Squeegee Blade (15) Formulation impregnated and/or coated on substrate [0326]
  • the invention will be described in further detail in the following numbered embodiments.
  • a wound dressing or debridement tool wherein the dressing or tool comprises one or more substrate layers, wherein one or more substances are at least partially impregnated on a first s urface of at least one of the substrate layers, and wherein the one or more substances are impregnated on the first surface of the substrate layer to a depth of from about 1% to about 50% of the total transverse cross ⁇ section of the substrate layer. 2).
  • the fabric material is a n onwoven fabric material consisting of gel forming fibres and/or non ⁇ gel forming fibres; preferably wherein the fabric material is a nonwoven fabric material consisting of gel ⁇ forming fibres and non ⁇ gel forming fibres; or wherein the fabric material is a nonwoven fabric material consisting of gel ⁇ forming fibres.
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool according to any one of clauses 1 to 9, wherein the at least one substrate layer has a thickness of about 0.5 – 20.0 mm; preferably wherein the at least one substrate layer has a thickness of about 1.0 – 10.0 mm. 1).
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool according to clauses 1 to 17, wherein the dissolution rate of the one or more substances is of from 10 to 90 % per day. ).
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool according to clause 19, wherein the medicament comprises one or more agents selected from: antimicrobials, analgesics, coagulants, anti ⁇ inflammatories or a combination thereof. ).
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool according to any one of clauses 1 to 20, wherein the one or more substances comprises a wound cleansing or debridement composition; preferably wherein the composition comprises: (i). a chelating agent; (ii). an amphoteric surfactant; (iii). an anionic surfactant; and (iv). a thickening agent, wherein the thickening agent comprises at least one poly(meth)acrylic acid and/or salt thereof. ).
  • the one or more substances comprises a non ⁇ antimicrobial composition
  • said composition comprising (i) at least about 50 wt% of a carrier which is glycerol, triglycerol, or a combination thereof, (ii) a solvent which is one or more C 1 ⁇ 4 alcohol, and (iii) one or more excipients, wherein the weight ratio of (i) to (ii) in the composition is from about 2:1 to about 5:1. ).
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool according to clauses 1 to 22, wherein the one or more substance is applied in the form of a solid, a gel, a wax, a liquid, a suspension, or an emulsion; preferably wherein the substance is applied in the form of a liquid. ).
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool according to any one of clauses 1 to 24, wherein the w ound dressing or debridement tool is of a monolayer construction, or wherein the wound dressing or debridement tool is of a multi ⁇ layer construction; preferably wherein the multi ⁇ layer construction comprises one or more functional layers. ).
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool according to clause 25, wherein at least one substrate layer is configured between two or more functional layers; preferably, wherein the one or more functional layers are selected from: an absorbent layer, a transmission layer, an adhesive layer, a support layer, a soluble medicated film layer, an odour ⁇ absorbing layer, a spreading layer, a keying layer, a protective layer, a packaging layer, an outer cover layer, a distribution layer, a superabsorbent layer or combinations thereof. ).
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool according to any one of clauses 1 to 27, wherein at least one substrate layer is a wound or epidermis contacting layer. ).
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool according to any one of clauses 1 to 28, wherein one substance is applied to the at least one substrate layer. ).
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool according to any one of clauses 1 to 34 wherein different substances are applied to the first surface and a second surface of the at least one substrate layer. ).
  • a method of applying one or more substance(s) to one or more substrate layers of a wound dressing or debridement tool comprises: (a) applying one or more substances to a first surface of at least one of the substrate layers; (b) applying a compressed source gas via a gas feed to the first surface of the substrate layer; (c) optionally applying at least one drying means to the first surface of the substrate layer. ).
  • the method according to clause 37 wherein according to step (b) the substrate layer is conveyed in a machine direction at a rate of about 0.01 to about 35.00 cm/sec; preferably according to step (b) the substrate layer is conveyed in a machine direction at a rate of about 0.05 to about 20 cm/sec. ).
  • a wound dressing or debridement tool wherein the dressing or tool comprises one or more substrate layers, wherein one or more substances are at least partially impregnated or coated on a first surface of at least one of the substrate layers, and wherein the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated or coated on about 1 % to about 20 % of the total surface area of the first surface of the substrate layer. 2).
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool according to any one of clauses 1 or 2, wherein the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated or coated on about 5 % to about 15 % of the total surface area of the first surface of the substrate layer; preferably wherein the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated or coated on about 8 % to about 12 % of the total surface area of the first surface of the substrate layer. 4).
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool according to any one of clauses 1 to 3 wherein the one or more substances are at least partially impregnated or coated on the first surface of the substrate layer in discrete units, wherein the discrete unit surface area for each unit differs. 5).
  • the fabric material is a nonwoven fabric material consisting of gel forming fibres and/or non ⁇ gel forming fibres; preferably wherein the fabric material is a nonwoven fabric material consisting of gel ⁇ forming fibres and non ⁇ gel forming fibres; or wherein the fabric material is a nonwoven fabric material consisting of gel ⁇ forming fibres. 2).
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool according to clauses 1 to 16 wherein the at least one substrate layer has a bulk density of about 40 – 80 kg/m 3 ).
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool according to any one of clauses 1 to 19, wherein the o ne or more substances is selected from: a wound cleansing or debridement composition, a medicament, an adhesive, a deodorant, a chelating agent, a surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a thickening agent, an electrically conductive formulation, a thermoresponsive agent, an exothermic agent, an endothermic agent, or a combination thereof. ).
  • the medicament comprises one or more agents selected from: antimicrobials, analgesics, coagulants, anti ⁇ inflammatories, or a combination thereof. ).
  • the one or more substances comprises a wound cleansing or debridement composition; preferably wherein the composition comprises: (i). a chelating agent; (ii). an amphoteric surfactant; (iii). an anionic surfactant; and (iv). a thickening agent, wherein the thickening agent comprises at least one poly(meth)acrylic acid and/or salt thereof. ).
  • the one or more substances comprises a non ⁇ antimicrobial composition
  • said composition comprising (i) at least about 50 wt% of a carrier which is glycerol, triglycerol, or a combination thereof, (ii) a solvent which is one or more C 1 ⁇ 4 alcohol, and (iii) one or more excipients, wherein the weight ratio of (i) to (ii) in the composition is from about 2:1 to about 5:1. ).
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool according to clauses 1 to 23, wherein the one or more substance is applied in the form of a solid, a gel, a wax, a liquid, a suspension, or an emulsion; preferably wherein the substance is applied in the form of a liquid. ).
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool according to any one of clauses 1 to 25, wherein the w ound dressing or debridement tool is of a monolayer construction, or wherein the wound dressing or debridement tool is of a multi ⁇ layer construction; preferably wherein the multi ⁇ layer construction comprises one or more functional layers. ).
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool according to clause 27, wherein at least one substrate layer is configured between two or more functional layers; preferably, wherein the one or more functional layers are selected from: an absorbent layer, a transmission layer, an adhesive layer, a support layer, a soluble medicated film layer, an odour ⁇ absorbing layer, a spreading layer, a keying layer, a protective layer, a packaging layer, an outer cover layer, a distribution layer, a superabsorbent layer or combinations thereof. ).
  • the wound dressing or debridement tool according to any one of clauses 1 to 28, wherein at least one substrate layer is a wound or epidermis contacting layer. ).
  • the one or more substances are applied to the first surface of the substrate layer by a printing process; preferably wherein the printing process is a screen printing process, a gravure printing process, a soft gravure printing process, a rotary pad printing process or a needle dosing process. 41).
  • the printing process is a screen printing process, a gravure printing process, a soft gravure printing process, a rotary pad printing process or a needle dosing process. 41).
  • a system for applying one or more substance(s) to one or more substrate layers of a wound dressing or debridement tool according to the method of clauses 39 and 40. 42).
  • a method of applying one or more substance(s) to one or more substrate layers of an article comprising: ( a) providing at least one transfer means comprising an impression member and a transfer member, wherein the transfer member comprises one or more cells with outward facing apertures, and wherein the transfer member is provided on the exterior of the impression member; ( b) introducing the one or more substance(s) into the one or more cells of the transfer member; and (c) contacting the substrate layer with the transfer member as the substrate layer is conveyed a long a transport path in a machine direction, wherein force applied by the impression member to at least the one or more cells comprised within the transfer member causes the one or more substance(s) comprised within the one or more cells to transfer to the substrate layer. ).
  • the transfer means consists of the i mpression member and the transfer member, preferably wherein the transfer member is in the form of a layer of the one or more cells.
  • the method according to any one of clauses 1 to 4 wherein the transport path of the substrate layer in a machine direction comprises a vertical and/or horizontal configuration.
  • the method according to any one of clauses 1 to 5 wherein the one or more substance(s) transferred to the substrate layer is at least partially impregnated within the substrate layer.
  • the fabric material comprises gel ⁇ forming fibres, preferably chemically modified cellulosic fibres, and/or cellulosic fibres.
  • the one or more substance(s) is selected from: one or more of a medicament, an adhesive, a deodorant, a chelating agent, a surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a thickening agent, an electrically conductive formulation, a thermoresponsive agent, an exothermic agent, an endothermic agent, or a combination thereof.
  • the medicament comprises one or more agents s elected from: antimicrobials, analgesics, coagulants, anti ⁇ inflammatories or a combination thereof.
  • the one or more substance(s) comprises a wound cleansing or debridement composition, preferably wherein the composition comprises: (i). a chelating agent; (ii). an amphoteric surfactant; (iii). an anionic surfactant; and (iv). a thickening agent, wherein the thickening agent comprises at least one poly(meth)acrylic acid and/or salt thereof. ).
  • the one or more substance(s) comprises a non ⁇ antimicrobial composition, said composition comprising (i) at least about 50 wt% of a carrier which is glycerol, triglycerol, or a combination thereof, (ii) a solvent which is one or more C 1 ⁇ 4 alcohol, and (iii) one or more excipients, wherein the weight ratio of (i) to (ii) in the composition is from about 2:1 to about 5:1. ).
  • the one or more substance(s) is applied in the form of a solid, a gel, a wax.
  • a liquid, a suspension, or an emulsion preferably wherein the substance is applied in the form of a liquid.
  • the one or more substrate layers are selected from: outer cover layer, an absorbent layer, a transmission layer, an adhesive layer, a distribution layer, a soluble medicated film layer, an odour ⁇ absorbing layer, a spreading layer, a keying layer, a superabsorbent layer or combinations thereof. ).
  • the article is of a monolayer construction, or wherein the article is of a multi ⁇ layer construction, preferably wherein the multilayer construction comprises one or more functional layers; preferably, wherein the one o r more functional layers are selected from: outer cover layer, an absorbent layer, a transmission layer, an adhesive layer, a support layer, a distribution layer, a soluble medicated film layer, an odour ⁇ absorbing layer, a spreading layer, a keying layer, a superabsorbent layer or combinations thereof. ).
  • At least one substrate layer is configured between t wo or more functional layers; preferably, wherein the one or more functional layers are selected from: outer cover layer, an absorbent layer, a transmission layer, an adhesive layer, a support layer, a distribution layer, a soluble medicated film layer, an odour ⁇ absorbing layer, a spreading layer, a keying layer, a superabsorbent layer or combinations thereof. ).
  • a wound dressing or a debridement tool comprising at least one substrate layer, wherein the s ubstrate layer is at least partially impregnated or coated with one or more substance(s) in accordance with any one of clauses 1 to 35. ).
  • a system for applying one or more substance(s) to one or more substrate layer(s) of an article as defined in any one of clauses 1 to 35 comprising: ( a) at least one transfer means comprising an impression member and a transfer member, wherein the transfer member comprises one or more cells with outward facing apertures, wherein the transfer member is provided on the exterior of the impression member, and wherein the one or more cells are configured to be reversibly compressible under force exerted by the impression member; (b) at least one reservoir comprising the substance; (c) a pump configured to draw the substance from the reservoir and introduce it into the one or more cells of the transfer member; (d) optionally a component configured to remove excess substance from the transfer member. ).
  • a process for preparing an article as defined in any one of clauses 1 to 35 comprising, in order, the steps of: (a) conveying a substrate layer along a transport path in a machine direction toward at least o ne transfer means comprising an impression member and a transfer member, wherein the transfer member comprises one or more cells with outward facing apertures, wherein the transfer member is provided on the exterior of the impression member, and wherein the one or more cells are configured to be reversibly compressible under force exerted by the impression member; (b) contacting the substrate layer with the transfer member as the substrate layer is conveyed a long a transport path in a machine direction, wherein force applied by the impression member to at least the one or more cells comprised within the transfer member causes the one or more substance(s) comprised within the one or more cells to transfer to the substrate layer; (c) optionally adhering or affixing the substrate layer to one or more functional layers.
  • the article is of a multilayer construction comprising: (a) the substrate layer comprising the one or more substance(s) configured as a wound or epidermis contacting layer; (b) at least one substrate layer comprising the one or more substance(s) adhered or affixed to one or more additional functional layers that are configured as a wound or epidermis c ontacting layer, preferably wherein the one or more additional functional layers are selected from the group consisting of: an absorbent layer, a transmission layer, an adhesive layer, a support layer, a soluble medicated film layer, an odour ⁇ absorbing layer, a spreading layer, a keying layer, a superabsorbent layer or combinations thereof.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne de manière générale le soin des plaies, et plus particulièrement des pansements ou des instruments de débridement ayant une couverture superficielle de substance et/ou une profondeur de dépôt de substance définies. L'invention concerne en outre des procédés d'impression, et plus particulièrement un nouveau procédé d'application d'une ou de plusieurs substances sur des couches de substrat d'un article, tel que des pansements ou des instruments de débridement.
PCT/GB2025/050780 2024-04-12 2025-04-11 Textiles de soin des plaies Pending WO2025215375A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2405224.3 2024-04-12
GBGB2405224.3A GB202405224D0 (en) 2024-04-12 2024-04-12 Wound care textiles
GBGB2405228.4A GB202405228D0 (en) 2024-04-12 2024-04-12 Printing method
GB2405226.8 2024-04-12
GBGB2405226.8A GB202405226D0 (en) 2024-04-12 2024-04-12 Wound care textiles
GB2405228.4 2024-04-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2025215375A1 true WO2025215375A1 (fr) 2025-10-16

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2025/050780 Pending WO2025215375A1 (fr) 2024-04-12 2025-04-11 Textiles de soin des plaies

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WO (1) WO2025215375A1 (fr)

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1140083A (en) * 1965-01-08 1969-01-15 Scott Paper Co Printing method
US3879257A (en) * 1973-04-30 1975-04-22 Scott Paper Co Absorbent unitary laminate-like fibrous webs and method for producing them
US5288814A (en) 1992-08-26 1994-02-22 The B. F. Goodrich Company Easy to disperse polycarboxylic acid thickeners
WO2000001425A1 (fr) 1998-07-01 2000-01-13 Acordis Speciality Fibres Limited Pansements et materiaux constitutifs adaptes
WO2009047564A2 (fr) * 2007-10-09 2009-04-16 Brightwake Limited Pansement
WO2012061225A2 (fr) 2010-11-01 2012-05-10 Becton, Dickinson And Company Essai de gardnerella vaginalis
US20170157966A1 (en) * 2013-11-27 2017-06-08 Merck Patent Gmbh Rotary printing method
WO2021186188A1 (fr) 2020-03-20 2021-09-23 Convatec Limited Composition de débridement
US20210290815A1 (en) * 2020-03-20 2021-09-23 Convatec Limited Debridement Composition

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1140083A (en) * 1965-01-08 1969-01-15 Scott Paper Co Printing method
US3879257A (en) * 1973-04-30 1975-04-22 Scott Paper Co Absorbent unitary laminate-like fibrous webs and method for producing them
US5288814A (en) 1992-08-26 1994-02-22 The B. F. Goodrich Company Easy to disperse polycarboxylic acid thickeners
US5349030A (en) 1992-08-26 1994-09-20 The B. F. Goodrich Company Easy to disperse polycarboxylic acid thickeners
WO2000001425A1 (fr) 1998-07-01 2000-01-13 Acordis Speciality Fibres Limited Pansements et materiaux constitutifs adaptes
WO2009047564A2 (fr) * 2007-10-09 2009-04-16 Brightwake Limited Pansement
WO2012061225A2 (fr) 2010-11-01 2012-05-10 Becton, Dickinson And Company Essai de gardnerella vaginalis
US20170157966A1 (en) * 2013-11-27 2017-06-08 Merck Patent Gmbh Rotary printing method
WO2021186188A1 (fr) 2020-03-20 2021-09-23 Convatec Limited Composition de débridement
US20210290815A1 (en) * 2020-03-20 2021-09-23 Convatec Limited Debridement Composition

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