WO2024224981A1 - 駐車支援システム - Google Patents
駐車支援システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024224981A1 WO2024224981A1 PCT/JP2024/013953 JP2024013953W WO2024224981A1 WO 2024224981 A1 WO2024224981 A1 WO 2024224981A1 JP 2024013953 W JP2024013953 W JP 2024013953W WO 2024224981 A1 WO2024224981 A1 WO 2024224981A1
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- vehicle
- space
- width
- parking
- movement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/06—Automatic manoeuvring for parking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W40/00—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models
- B60W40/02—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models related to ambient conditions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a parking assistance system that controls a vehicle to park it in a parking space.
- Patent Document 1 describes a parking assistance system that controls a vehicle to park the vehicle in a parking space.
- this system includes a detection unit that detects the presence or absence of an occupant in the vehicle, and when it is detected that an occupant is present, the type of parameter related to the running of the vehicle is changed to a parameter that contributes to improving the riding comfort of the occupant, and when it is detected that an occupant is not present, the type of parameter is changed to a parameter that contributes to improving the position accuracy of the vehicle relative to the target route.
- control that prioritizes the riding comfort is performed to improve the riding comfort of the occupant
- control that does not prioritize the riding comfort is performed to prioritize the position accuracy of the vehicle relative to the target route.
- a parking assistance system that can execute parking control that ensures the required accuracy of the vehicle's parking position according to the width of the movement space, while also ensuring the maximum comfort for passengers.
- the parking assistance system comprises: A parking assistance system that controls a vehicle in a travel space connected to a parking space to park the vehicle in the parking space, A space recognition unit that recognizes the driving space and the parking space; a width determination unit that determines at least one of the width of an entrance of the vehicle from the travel space to the parking space recognized by the space recognition unit and the length of the travel space in a direction perpendicular to the width of the entrance as a travel space width that can be used for a travel route of the vehicle; and a vehicle control unit that executes parking control to move and stop the vehicle within the parking space based on relative positions of the parking space and the traveling space with respect to the vehicle; Equipped with When the width determination unit determines that the movement space width is narrower than the judgment criterion, the vehicle control unit applies a narrow environment setting, which is a control setting for a narrow environment, so as to improve the positioning accuracy of the vehicle compared to when the movement space width is determined to be equal to or larger than the judgment criterion.
- a narrow environment setting
- the narrow environment setting is applied. This allows the vehicle's behavior during parking control to be allowed to become larger, but the vehicle's position accuracy during parking control can be improved and interference with surrounding obstacles can be appropriately avoided. Furthermore, according to this characteristic configuration, when the movement space width is equal to or larger than the judgment criterion, there is no problem even if the vehicle's position during parking control deviates slightly, so instead of lowering the vehicle's position accuracy, it is possible to suppress the vehicle's behavior from becoming larger and improve the ride comfort of the vehicle's occupants. In other words, according to this configuration, parking control can be executed that ensures the required accuracy of the vehicle's parking position according to the movement space width, while also ensuring the ride comfort of the occupants as much as possible.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of parking assistance.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of parking assistance.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing an example of a system configuration of a vehicle including a parking assistance system; Functional block diagram of the parking assistance system
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of control settings at the stage of setting a target movement path.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of control settings at the stage of setting a target movement path.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of control settings at the stage of executing parking control; Flowchart for explaining area determination process
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a case where the vehicle 50 is parallel parked
- Fig. 2 shows an example of a case where the vehicle 50 is parallel parked
- the block diagram of Fig. 3 also shows an example of a system configuration of the vehicle 50 including the parking assistance system 100.
- the parking assistance system 100 of this embodiment controls the vehicle 50 in the travel space M connected to the parking space P so as to park the vehicle 50 in the parking space P.
- the parking assistance system 100 parks the vehicle 50 at a target parking position T that is set within the range of the parking space P by automatic driving.
- the target parking position T is determined, for example, by the input receiving unit 72 receiving an input from the occupant.
- the parking assistance system 100 may be operated in a semi-automatic manner, in which the occupant manually performs steering based on guidance from the parking assistance system 100 and only driving and braking are performed by automatic driving.
- the parking assistance system 100 is realized by cooperation with other systems and various sensors, with the ECU (electronic control unit) 1 at its core.
- the ECU 1 is equipped with a processor 1P such as a microcomputer, microprocessor, or DSP (digital signal processor), a program memory 1M in which software such as programs and parameters is stored, and various other electronic components.
- a processor 1P such as a microcomputer, microprocessor, or DSP (digital signal processor)
- a program memory 1M in which software such as programs and parameters is stored, and various other electronic components.
- the processor 1P is the core hardware of the ECU 1, and the vehicle control unit 13 is realized by the cooperation of various hardware with the processor 1P at its core and software such as programs stored in the program memory 1M.
- the parking assistance system 100 is realized by the cooperation of the ECU 1 with other systems such as the drive system 20, brake system 30, steering system 40, and position recognition system 60, various sensors and peripheral devices indicated by the reference characters "51" to "58" and "61", the monitor device 70, and the ECU 1.
- each functional unit may be realized by multiple pieces of hardware, or may be realized by the cooperation of at least one piece of hardware and software, and does not necessarily have to be configured as an independent component.
- the drive system 20 is a system that controls a drive device 25 that drives wheels (not shown).
- the drive device 25 includes, for example, an internal combustion engine, a rotating electric machine, a gear mechanism, and an engagement device that connects and disconnects the power transmission between rotating members, all of which are not shown.
- the brake system 30 is a system that applies a braking force to the wheels.
- the steering system 40 is a system that moves the steered wheels among the wheels to change the traveling direction of the vehicle 50.
- the position recognition system 60 is a system that recognizes the position (current position) of the vehicle 50.
- the vehicle 50 also includes various sensors and peripheral devices, such as an accelerator sensor 51, a shift position sensor 52, a brake sensor 53, a speed sensor 54, an acceleration sensor 55, a steering angle sensor 56, a sonar 57, a camera 58, and a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver 61.
- GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
- a GPS Global Positioning System
- the accelerator sensor 51 is a sensor that detects the amount of accelerator pedal operation by the occupant.
- the shift position sensor 52 is a sensor that detects an instruction input that indicates the operating mode of the drive unit 25, such as a gear (including reverse, parking, etc.) indicated by a shift lever (not shown).
- the brake sensor 53 is a sensor that detects the amount of brake pedal operation by the occupant.
- the speed sensor 54 is a sensor that detects the traveling speed of the vehicle 50, i.e., the rotation speed of the wheels.
- the acceleration sensor 55 is a sensor that detects the acceleration of the vehicle 50, and the acceleration sensor 55 in this embodiment is also capable of detecting, for example, the inclination angle and inclination direction of the ground on which the vehicle 50 is positioned.
- the steering angle sensor 56 is a sensor that detects the amount of steering wheel operation by the occupant, and preferably detects the amount of operation as the steering angle of the vehicle 50.
- Sonar 57 is installed at multiple locations on vehicle 50 and detects the presence or absence of obstacles around vehicle 50.
- sonar 57 is an active sonar.
- an obstacle sensor such as a laser radar may be used.
- Camera 58 is installed at multiple locations on vehicle 50 and captures images of the surroundings of vehicle 50.
- GNSS receiver 61 receives signals from GNSS satellites.
- the sensors and peripheral devices indicated by the reference numerals "51" to “58” and “61”, including the above-mentioned ECU 1 (parking assistance system 100), drive system 20, brake system 30, steering system 40, position recognition system 60, and monitor device 70, are connected to each other so that they can communicate with each other via an in-vehicle network 90, such as a CAN (controller area network).
- an in-vehicle network 90 such as a CAN (controller area network).
- the drive system 20 cooperates with an accelerator sensor 51, a shift position sensor 52, a brake sensor 53, a speed sensor 54, an acceleration sensor 55, a steering angle sensor 56, etc., via an in-vehicle network 90 to control the drive device 25.
- the brake system 30 cooperates with the brake sensor 53 to control the brake mechanism 35 via an in-vehicle network 90.
- the steering system 40 cooperates with a steering angle sensor 56 to control a steering mechanism 45 including a steering wheel and a steering wheel.
- the position recognition system 60 recognizes the position (current position) of the vehicle 50 based on a GNSS signal received by a GNSS receiver 61. In this embodiment, the position recognition system 60 recognizes the position (current position) of the vehicle 50 based on information obtained from the speed sensor 54, the steering angle sensor 56, the camera 58, etc., in addition to the GNSS signal.
- the monitor device 70 has a display unit 71 that can display image information, text information, and the like, and an input receiving unit 72 that receives information input by the occupant.
- the input receiving unit 72 has a touch panel switch provided on the display unit 71, and a physical push button switch, dial, or other switch.
- Such a monitor device 70 may also have the functions of, for example, a navigation system or an audio system.
- the occupant steers the vehicle 50 in the direction away from the parking space P, turning the vehicle 50 slightly, and then stops the vehicle 50.
- This position can be called the reverse start position where the vehicle 50 starts to reverse toward the parking space P.
- the vehicle 50 may be stopped in a straight line without turning the steering wheel in this manner. For example, the vehicle 50 may be stopped just before the parking space P while traveling through the travel space M.
- the parking assistance system 100 executes parking control by the parking assistance system 100, the occupant performs an operation input to the input reception unit 72, such as pressing a parking control start button. Then, when the occupant touches within the desired parking space P in the image displayed on the display unit 71, the touch operation is accepted by the input reception unit 72 as an input of the target parking position T. After that, the parking assistance system 100 executes parking control to move and stop the vehicle 50 within the parking space P by automatic driving based on the relative positions of the parking space P and the driving space M with respect to the vehicle 50. Note that steering may be performed manually by the occupant based on guidance from the parking assistance system 100, and only driving and braking may be performed by automatic driving, i.e., semi-automatic driving may be performed.
- the parking assistance system 100 includes a space recognition unit 11, a width determination unit 12, and a vehicle control unit 13.
- Each of these functional units has a calculation unit configured with hardware or software (programs), or both, for performing various processes on input data.
- the form shown in FIG. 4 is an exemplary and conceptual block diagram, and does not limit the actual physical configuration of the ECU 1.
- the vehicle control unit 13 controls the driving force and braking force acting on the wheels to perform parking control to move and stop the vehicle 50 within the parking space P based on the relative positions of the parking space P and the driving space M in relation to the vehicle 50.
- the vehicle control unit 13 is configured to set a target movement path, which is the target of the movement path of the vehicle 50, and a target speed of the vehicle 50 at each position on the target movement path, based on the relative positions of the parking space P and the driving space M with respect to the vehicle 50, and to perform feedback control in parking control so as to bring the actual position and speed of the vehicle 50 closer to the target movement path and target speed.
- the space recognition unit 11 recognizes the driving space M and the parking space P.
- the space recognition unit 11 can recognize the horizontal shapes of the driving space M and the parking space P by performing image recognition on images acquired by photographing the periphery of the vehicle 50 using the camera 58.
- the space recognition unit 11 may recognize the horizontal shapes of the driving space M and the parking space P using a peripheral detection sensor other than the camera 58 (e.g., LIDER (Light Detection and Ranging), a millimeter wave sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, etc.), or by using the camera 58 in combination with these peripheral detection sensors.
- LIDER Light Detection and Ranging
- millimeter wave sensor e.g., a millimeter wave sensor
- ultrasonic sensor e.g., ultrasonic sensor
- the width determination unit 12 determines at least one of the width of the entrance E of the vehicle 50 from the driving space M to the parking space P recognized by the space recognition unit 11 and the length of the driving space M in a direction perpendicular to the width of the entrance E as the movement space width B that can be used for the movement path of the vehicle 50.
- the width B1 of the entrance E and the length B2 of the driving space M in a direction perpendicular to the width B1 of the entrance E are shown as the movement space width B.
- the width determination unit 12 determines whether the movement space width B is narrower than a predetermined judgment criterion. For example, when parking control is executed by the parking assistance system 100, the width determination unit 12 performs a width determination process once to determine whether the movement space width B is narrower than a predetermined judgment criterion.
- the narrower the width B1 of the entrance E of the vehicle 50 into the parking space P i.e., the narrower the width B1
- the narrower the area available for use as a target movement path when moving the vehicle 50 to the target parking position T the smaller the value of the length B2 of the driving space M in the direction perpendicular to the width B1 of the entrance E (i.e., the shorter the length B2), the narrower the area available for use as a target movement path when moving the vehicle 50 to the target parking position T.
- the vehicle control unit 13 applies the narrow environment setting, which is a control setting for a narrow environment, to allow the behavior of the vehicle 50 in parking control to be larger than when the movement space width B is determined to be equal to or larger than the judgment criterion, thereby improving the position accuracy of the vehicle 50.
- the vehicle control unit 13 applies the normal environment setting, which is a control setting for a wide environment.
- the application of the narrow environment setting which is performed when the width determination unit 12 determines that the movement space width B is narrower than the judgment criterion, comprises, at the stage of setting the target movement route, reducing the lower limit of the permissible distance between the moving vehicle 50 and obstacles outside the parking space P and the driving space M, compared to when the movement space width B is determined to be equal to or larger than the judgment criterion; and, at the stage of setting the target movement route, reducing the lower limit of the permissible movement distance until the moving vehicle 50 switches between forward and reverse and/or stops, compared to when the movement space width B is determined to be equal to or larger than the judgment criterion.
- Other settings may be the same for the narrow environment setting and the normal environment setting.
- a narrow travel space width B means that the area in which the vehicle 50 can move in at least one of the driving space M and the parking space P is narrow. In other words, it means that the area that can be set as the target travel route is narrow. In particular, if a specified lower limit is set for the allowable distance between the moving vehicle 50 and obstacles outside the parking space P and the driving space M, the area that can be set as the target travel route is narrower by the amount of that lower limit.
- the vehicle control unit 13 determines by the width determination unit 12 that the movement space width B is narrower than the judgment criterion, the lower limit of the allowable distance between the moving vehicle 50 and obstacles outside the parking space P and the driving space M is reduced at the stage of setting the target movement path, compared to when the movement space width B is determined to be equal to or larger than the judgment criterion, which provides the advantage that the area that can be set as the target movement path increases accordingly. For example, by increasing the area that can be set as the target movement path, it is possible to obtain the advantage that a target movement path that rotates the vehicle 50 gently (i.e. a target movement path with a large radius of curvature) can be set.
- FIG. 5 and 6 are explanatory diagrams showing examples of control settings at the stage of setting the target movement path.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of normal environment setting, which is a control setting for a wide environment
- FIG. 6 shows an example of narrow environment setting, which is a control setting for a narrow environment.
- the lower limit of the allowable distance between the moving vehicle 50 and obstacles (other vehicles in the illustrated example) outside the parking space P and the driving space M at the stage of setting the target movement path is set to distance L1.
- the lower limit of the allowable distance between the moving vehicle 50 and obstacles (other vehicles in the illustrated example) outside the parking space P and the driving space M at the stage of setting the target movement path is set to distance L2.
- the vehicle control unit 13 reduces the lower limit of the allowable distance between the moving vehicle 50 and obstacles (other vehicles in the illustrated example) outside the parking space P and the driving space M at the stage of setting the target movement path.
- the vehicle control unit 13 determines by the width determination unit 12 that the travel space width B is narrower than the judgment criterion, if the allowable lower limit of the travel distance until the moving vehicle 50 switches between forward and reverse and/or stops is reduced at the stage of setting the target travel route compared to when the travel space width B is determined to be equal to or larger than the judgment criterion, it becomes possible to set a target travel route that switches between forward and reverse over a short distance, i.e., within a narrow range.
- the vehicle control unit 13 determines by the width determination unit 12 that the travel space width B is narrower than the determination criterion, in the stage of setting the target travel route, if the vehicle control unit 13 reduces the lower limit of the radius of curvature of the target travel route compared to when the travel space width B is determined to be equal to or larger than the determination criterion, it becomes possible to set a target travel route that requires the vehicle 50 to move with a large steering angle.
- the vehicle control unit 13 determines by the width determination unit 12 that the travel space width B is narrower than the judgment criterion, in the stage of setting the target speed of the vehicle 50 at each position on the target travel route, if the upper limit of the change in the target speed is made larger than when the travel space width B is determined to be equal to or larger than the judgment criterion, it becomes possible to set a target travel route that requires repeated acceleration and deceleration (e.g., starting and stopping) over a short distance.
- the vehicle control unit 13 determines by the width determination unit 12 that the movement space width B is narrower than the judgment criterion, the possibility of moving the vehicle 50 along the set target movement path at the set target speed increases if the vehicle control unit 13 increases the allowable upper limit of the actual acceleration, deceleration, and steering angle of the vehicle 50 as a result of feedback control compared to when the movement space width B is determined to be equal to or larger than the judgment criterion at the stage of executing parking control.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of control settings at the stage of executing parking control.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the change over time in the braking force of the vehicle 50 while parking control is being performed.
- the strength of the braking force changes suddenly. In other words, the deceleration of the vehicle 50 increases.
- the strength of the braking force changes gradually. In other words, the deceleration of the vehicle 50 decreases. In this way, if the allowable upper limit of the actual deceleration of the vehicle 50 is increased, the possibility of moving the vehicle 50 along the set target movement route at the set target speed increases.
- the parking assistance system 100 controls the vehicle 50 in the driving space M connected to the parking space P so as to park the vehicle 50 in the parking space P, and includes a space recognition unit 11 that recognizes the driving space M and the parking space P, a width determination unit 12 that determines at least one of the width B1 of the entrance E of the vehicle 50 from the driving space M to the parking space P recognized by the space recognition unit 11 and the length B2 of the driving space M in a direction perpendicular to the width B1 of the entrance E as a movement space width B that can be used for the movement path of the vehicle 50, and a vehicle control unit 13 that executes parking control to move and stop the vehicle 50 within the parking space P based on the relative positions of the parking space P and the driving space M in relation to the vehicle 50.
- a space recognition unit 11 that recognizes the driving space M and the parking space P
- a width determination unit 12 that determines at least one of the width B1 of the entrance E of the vehicle 50 from the driving space M to the parking space P recognized by the space recognition unit 11
- the vehicle control unit 13 applies a narrow environment setting, which is a control setting for a narrow environment, to allow the behavior of the vehicle 50 in parking control to be larger than when the movement space width B is determined to be equal to or larger than the judgment criterion, thereby increasing the position accuracy of the vehicle 50.
- a narrow environment setting which is a control setting for a narrow environment
- the narrow environment setting is applied.
- the position accuracy of the vehicle 50 during parking control can be increased, and interference with surrounding obstacles can be appropriately avoided.
- the parking assistance system 100 of this embodiment when the movement space width B is equal to or larger than the judgment criterion, there is no problem even if the position of the vehicle 50 during parking control deviates slightly, so instead of lowering the position accuracy of the vehicle 50, the behavior of the vehicle 50 can be suppressed from becoming larger, thereby improving the riding comfort of the occupants of the vehicle 50.
- parking control can be performed that ensures the accuracy of the parking position of the vehicle 50 required according to the movement space width B while also ensuring the riding comfort of the occupants as much as possible.
- the vehicle control unit 13 is configured to set a target movement route, which is the destination of the movement route of the vehicle 50, and a target speed of the vehicle 50 at each position on the target movement route, based on the relative positions of the parking space P and the driving space M with respect to the vehicle 50, and to perform feedback control in parking control so as to bring the actual position and speed of the vehicle 50 closer to the target movement route and target speed.
- the application of the narrow environment setting includes at least one of the following: reducing the lower limit of the allowable distance between the moving vehicle 50 and the obstacle outside the parking space P and the driving space M in the stage of setting the target movement path, compared to when it is determined that the movement space width B is equal to or larger than the judgment criterion; reducing the lower limit of the allowable movement distance until at least one of switching between forward and reverse movement and stopping of the moving vehicle 50 is performed, compared to when it is determined that the movement space width B is equal to or larger than the judgment criterion in the stage of setting the target movement path; reducing the lower limit of the curvature radius of the target movement path, compared to when it is determined that the movement space width B is equal to or larger than the judgment criterion in the stage of setting the target speed of the vehicle 50 at each position on the target movement path, increasing the upper limit of the change in the target speed, compared to when it is determined that the movement space width B is equal to or larger than the judgment criterion; and increasing the upper limit of the
- the parking assistance system 100 of this embodiment when the movement space width B is narrower than the judgment criterion, at least one of the narrow environment settings described above is applied. In other words, when the movement space width B is narrower than the judgment criterion, the behavior of the vehicle 50 is allowed to become larger, thereby improving the position accuracy of the vehicle 50.
- the parking assistance system 100 of the second embodiment differs from the above embodiment in the content of the space determination process.
- the parking assistance system 100 of the second embodiment will be described below, but the description of the same configuration as the above embodiment will be omitted.
- the width determination unit 12 of the parking assistance system 100 sets multiple determination criteria and determines which of multiple width stages the movement space width B falls into, indicating that it is narrower than any of the multiple determination criteria. For example, when parking control is executed by the parking assistance system 100, the width determination unit 12 performs a width determination process once to determine which of multiple width stages the movement space width B falls into, indicating that it is narrower than any of the multiple determination criteria, and maintains the determination of that width stage until the parking control ends.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating the space determination process performed by the parking assistance system 100 of the second embodiment.
- the size determination unit 12 determines whether the movement space size B is smaller than the first determination criterion. If the movement space size B is smaller than the first determination criterion (if the size determination unit 12 determines "Yes" in step #10), the size determination unit 12 proceeds to step #11 and determines that the size stage is the first stage, which is the narrowest.
- step #10 determines in step #10 that the movement space width B is equal to or larger than the first judgment criterion (if the determination is "No" in step #10), it proceeds to step #12. Then, in step #12, the width determination unit 12 determines whether the movement space width B is narrower than the second judgment criterion. Then, if the movement space width B is narrower than the second judgment criterion (i.e., if the movement space width B is equal to or larger than the first judgment criterion and narrower than the second judgment criterion), the width determination unit 12 proceeds to step #13 and determines that the width stage is the second stage, which is wider than the first stage.
- step #12 determines in step #12 that the movement space width B is equal to or larger than the second judgment criterion. If the width determination unit 12 determines in step #12 that the movement space width B is equal to or larger than the second judgment criterion, it proceeds to step #14. Then, in step #14, the width determination unit 12 determines whether the movement space width B is narrower than the third judgment criterion. Then, if the movement space width B is narrower than the third judgment criterion (i.e., if the movement space width B is equal to or larger than the second judgment criterion and narrower than the third judgment criterion), the width determination unit 12 proceeds to step #15 and determines that the width stage is the third stage, which is wider than the second stage.
- step #14 determines in step #14 that the movement space size B is equal to or larger than the third determination criterion. If the size determination unit 12 determines in step #14 that the movement space size B is equal to or larger than the third determination criterion, the process proceeds to step #16. Then, in step #16, the size determination unit 12 determines that the size stage is the fourth stage, which is larger than the third stage.
- the vehicle control unit 13 has multiple stages of narrow environment settings with different settings depending on the size stage, and applies the narrow environment setting of the stage corresponding to the size stage determined by the size determination unit 12.
- the first stage, second stage, and third stage correspond to "multiple size stages indicating that the movement space size B is narrower than any of the multiple determination criteria.”
- the fourth stage does not correspond to "multiple size stages indicating that the movement space size B is narrower than any of the multiple determination criteria.”
- the vehicle control unit 13 applies "narrow environment setting 1" when the size stage is the first stage, applies “narrow environment setting 2" when the size stage is the second stage, and applies “narrow environment setting 3” when the size stage is the third stage.
- the vehicle control unit 13 applies "normal environment setting” when the size stage is the fourth stage.
- narrow environment setting 1 which is applied when movement space width B is the narrowest, includes at least one of the following changes, compared to narrow environment settings 2 and 3: making the lower limit of the permissible distance between the moving vehicle 50 and an obstacle outside the parking space P and the driving space M smaller at the stage of setting the target movement path; making the lower limit of the permissible movement distance until the moving vehicle 50 switches between forward and reverse and/or stops smaller than when it is determined that the movement space width B is equal to or larger than the judgment criterion at the stage of setting the target movement path; making the lower limit of the radius of curvature of the target movement path smaller than when it is determined that the movement space width B is equal to or larger than the judgment criterion at the stage of setting the target movement path; making the upper limit of the change in target speed larger than when it is determined that the movement space width B is equal to or larger than the judgment criterion at the stage of setting the target speed of the vehicle 50 at each position on the target movement path; and making the upper limit of the permissible acceleration, de
- the narrow environment setting 2 includes at least one of the following changes: at the stage of setting the target movement path, the lower limit of the permissible distance between the moving vehicle 50 and an obstacle outside the parking space P and the driving space M is made smaller; at the stage of setting the target movement path, the lower limit of the permissible movement distance until the moving vehicle 50 switches between forward and reverse and/or stops is made smaller compared to when the movement space width B is determined to be equal to or greater than the judgment criterion; at the stage of setting the target movement path, the lower limit of the radius of curvature of the target movement path is made smaller compared to when the movement space width B is determined to be equal to or greater than the judgment criterion; at the stage of setting the target speed of the vehicle 50 at each position on the target movement path, the upper limit of the change in the target speed is made larger compared to when the movement space width B is determined to be equal to or greater than the judgment criterion; and at the stage of executing parking control, the upper limit of the permissible
- the width determination unit 12 sets multiple determination criteria and determines which of multiple width stages the movement space width B falls into, indicating that it is narrower than any of the multiple determination criteria.
- the vehicle control unit 13 then provides multiple stages of narrow environment settings, with settings that differ according to each width stage, and applies the narrow environment setting of the stage that corresponds to the width stage determined by the width determination unit 12.
- the vehicle control unit 13 when the vehicle control unit 13 applies a narrow environment setting in response to the movement space width B being narrower than any of the multiple judgment criteria, the vehicle control unit 13 applies a narrow environment setting of a stage corresponding to the width stage judged by the width judgment unit 12. Therefore, by performing parking control according to the movement space width B, it is possible to ensure the position accuracy of the vehicle 50 while also improving the riding comfort of the occupants as much as possible.
- the parking assistance system 100 of the third embodiment differs from the above-mentioned embodiments in that the stage of the narrow environment setting to be applied may be changed during execution of parking control by the vehicle control unit 13.
- the parking assistance system 100 of the third embodiment will be described below, but a description of the same configuration as the above-mentioned embodiments will be omitted.
- the space recognition unit 11 is configured to repeatedly recognize the movement space width B while parking control is being executed.
- the width determination unit 12 is configured to repeatedly determine which of a plurality of width stages the movement space width B recognized by the space recognition unit 11 corresponds to while parking control is being executed by the vehicle control unit 13. In other words, the width determination unit 12 repeatedly executes the width determination process shown in FIG. 8 while parking control is being executed by the vehicle control unit 13.
- the vehicle control unit 13 changes the stage of the narrow environment setting to be applied if the update determines that the space stage is narrower than the previous determination result, and does not change the stage of the narrow environment setting to be applied if the update determines that the space stage is wider than the previous determination result.
- the vehicle control unit 13 changes the stage of the narrow environment setting to be applied (i.e., changes to a narrower stage). As a result, parking control can be performed according to the width stage of the updated movement space width B.
- the movement space width B recognized by the space recognition unit 11 may repeatedly change in size over time. Accordingly, the width stage of the movement space width B determined by the width determination unit 12 may also repeatedly change in size. In such a case, if the vehicle control unit 13 alternately changes the width stage of the applied narrow environment setting to narrow and wide in response to the width stage of the movement space width B determined by the width determination unit 12 repeatedly changing in size, a problem may arise in which the behavior of the vehicle 50 becomes unstable while parking control is being executed.
- the vehicle control unit 13 when the determination result by the space determination unit 12 is updated while parking control is being performed, if the updated determination result is a larger space stage than the previous determination result, the vehicle control unit 13 does not change the stage of the narrow environment setting to be applied. As a result, it becomes easier to stabilize the behavior of the vehicle 50 while parking control is being performed.
- the parking assistance system 100 may use different values as the criteria for determining the movement space width B depending on the dimensions of the vehicle 50 (e.g., at least one of the width and length), or may use the same value regardless of the dimensions of the vehicle 50.
- the parking assistance system 100 may determine whether the width B1 of the entrance E of the vehicle 50 into the parking space P and the length B2 of the travel space M in a direction perpendicular to the width B1 of the entrance E are both narrower than a predetermined judgment criterion as the travel space width B.
- the judgment criterion may include a judgment criterion for the width B1 of the entrance E of the vehicle 50 into the parking space P and a judgment criterion for the length B2 of the travel space M in a direction perpendicular to the width B1 of the entrance E.
- the vehicle control unit 13 may determine that the travel space width B is narrower than the judgment criterion when the value of the width B1 of the entrance E of the vehicle 50 into the parking space P is narrower than the judgment criterion and the value of the length B2 of the travel space M in a direction perpendicular to the width B1 of the entrance E is narrower than the judgment criterion.
- the vehicle control unit 13 may both determine whether the value of the width B1 of the entrance E of the vehicle 50 into the parking space P is narrower than the judgment criterion, and whether the value of the length B2 of the driving space M in a direction perpendicular to the width B1 of the entrance E is narrower than the judgment criterion, and determine that the movement space width B is narrower than the judgment criterion if either the value of the width B1 of the entrance E of the vehicle 50 into the parking space P is narrower than the judgment criterion, or the value of the length B2 of the driving space M in a direction perpendicular to the width B1 of the entrance E is narrower than the judgment criterion.
- the number of stages of the judgment criteria for judging the movement space width B can be set appropriately.
- the number of narrow environment settings can also be set appropriately according to the number of stages of the judgment criteria.
- the narrow environment setting was described as allowing the vehicle 50 to behave more erratically in parking control in exchange for increasing the position accuracy of the vehicle 50.
- the narrow environment setting does not necessarily have to allow the vehicle 50 to behave more erratically in parking control as long as it is a control setting that can increase the position accuracy of the vehicle 50.
- the narrow environment setting may be a control that allows the time required for parking control to be longer compared to when the movement space width B is determined to be equal to or larger than the judgment criterion, thereby increasing the position accuracy of the vehicle 50.
- the movement speed of the vehicle 50 can be slowed down in parking control, so that the position accuracy of the vehicle 50 can be increased without allowing the vehicle 50 to behave more erratically.
- the parking assistance system (100) comprises: A parking assistance system (100) that controls a vehicle (50) in a travel space (M) connected to a parking space (P) so as to park the vehicle (50) in the parking space (P), A space recognition unit (11) that recognizes the driving space (M) and the parking space (P); a width determination unit (12) that determines at least one of a width (B1) of an entrance (E) of the vehicle (50) from the travel space (M) to the parking space (P) recognized by the space recognition unit (11) and a length (B2) of the travel space (M) in a direction perpendicular to the width (B1) of the entrance (E) as a travel space width (B) that can be used for a travel route of the vehicle (50); a vehicle control unit (13) that executes parking control to move and stop the vehicle (50) in the parking space (P) based on the relative positions of the parking space (P) and the traveling space (M) with respect to the vehicle (50); Equipped with When the width determination
- the narrow environment setting is applied. This improves the position accuracy of the vehicle (50) during parking control, and makes it possible to appropriately avoid interference with surrounding obstacles.
- the parking assistance system (100) of this embodiment when the movement space width (B) is equal to or larger than the judgment criterion, there is no problem even if the position of the vehicle (50) during parking control is slightly shifted, so instead of lowering the position accuracy of the vehicle (50), it is possible to suppress the behavior of the vehicle (50) from becoming large, thereby improving the riding comfort of the occupants of the vehicle (50).
- parking control can be performed while ensuring the accuracy of the parking position of the vehicle (50) required according to the movement space width (B) and ensuring the riding comfort of the occupants as much as possible.
- the vehicle control unit (13) is configured to set a target movement route, which is a target of the movement route of the vehicle (50), and a target speed of the vehicle (50) at each position on the target movement route, based on the relative positions of the parking space (P) and the traveling space (M) with respect to the vehicle (50), and to execute feedback control in the parking control so as to bring the actual position and speed of the vehicle (50) closer to the target movement route and the target speed,
- the application of the narrow environment setting is In the step of setting the target movement route, a lower limit of an allowable distance between the moving vehicle (50) and an obstacle outside the parking space (P) and the traveling space (M) is made smaller than when the movement space width (B) is determined to be equal to or larger than the determination criterion; In the step of setting the target travel route, a lower limit of the allowable travel distance until at least one of switching between forward and reverse travel and stopping of the moving vehicle (50) is reduced compared to a case where the travel space width (B) is determined to
- the vehicle (50) when the movement space width (B) is narrower than the judgment criterion, at least one of the narrow environment settings described above is applied. In other words, when the movement space width (B) is narrower than the judgment criterion, the vehicle (50) is allowed to behave in a larger manner, thereby improving the position accuracy of the vehicle (50).
- the size determination unit (12) sets a plurality of the determination criteria and determines which of a plurality of size stages indicating that the movement space size is narrower than any of the plurality of the determination criteria
- the vehicle control unit (13) preferably has multiple stages of settings as the narrow environment setting, the setting contents of which differ depending on each of the width stages, and applies the narrow environment setting of the stage corresponding to the width stage determined by the width determination unit (12).
- the vehicle control unit (13) when the vehicle control unit (13) applies a narrow environment setting in response to the movement space width (B) being narrower than any of the multiple judgment criteria, the vehicle control unit (13) applies a narrow environment setting of a stage corresponding to the width stage judged by the width judgment unit (12). Therefore, by performing parking control according to the movement space width (B), it is possible to ensure the position accuracy of the vehicle (50) while also improving the riding comfort of the occupants as much as possible.
- the space recognition unit (11) is configured to repeatedly recognize the movement space width (B) during the execution of the parking control
- the width determination unit (12) is configured to repeatedly determine which of a plurality of width stages the movement space width (B) corresponds to during the execution of the parking control by the vehicle control unit (13),
- the vehicle control unit (13) preferably changes the stage of the narrow environment setting to be applied, and if the update judges the width stage to be wider than the previous judgment result, the vehicle control unit (13) preferably does not change the stage of the narrow environment setting to be applied.
- the vehicle control unit (13) changes the stage of the narrow environment setting to be applied (i.e., changes it to a narrower one).
- parking control can be performed according to the width stage of the updated movement space width (B).
- the movement space width (B) recognized by the space recognition unit (11) may repeatedly change in size over time. Accordingly, the width stage of the movement space width (B) judged by the width judgment unit (12) may also repeatedly change in size.
- the vehicle control unit (13) alternately changes the width stage of the narrow environment setting to be applied in the narrow direction and the wide direction in response to the repeated changes in size of the width stage of the movement space width (B) judged by the width judgment unit (12), a problem may occur in which the behavior of the vehicle (50) becomes unstable during the execution of parking control.
- the vehicle control unit (13) when the result of the determination by the width determination unit (12) is updated during the execution of parking control, if the updated result is a width step that is wider than the previous determination result, the vehicle control unit (13) does not change the narrow environment setting step to be applied. As a result, it becomes easier to stabilize the behavior of the vehicle (50) during the execution of parking control.
- 11 Space recognition unit
- 12 Width determination unit
- 13 Vehicle control unit
- 47 Space recognition unit
- 50 Vehicle
- 100 Parking assistance system
- B Travel space width
- E Entrance
- M Driving space
- P Parking space
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
特開2019-137364号公報(特許文献1)には、車両を駐車スペースに駐車させるための車両の制御を行う駐車支援システムが記載されている。例えば、このシステムは、車両に乗車した乗員の有無を検出する検出部を備え、乗員が存在することが検出された場合、車両の走行に関わるパラメータの種類を、乗員の乗り心地の向上に寄与するパラメータに変更し、乗員が存在しないことが検出された場合、パラメータの種類を、目標経路に対する車両の位置精度の向上に寄与するパラメータに変更している。つまり、車両内に乗員が存在する状態で目標駐車位置へ車両を走行させる場合には、乗り心地を優先した制御を実行して乗員の乗り心地を向上させ、車両内に乗員が存在しない状態で目標駐車位置へ車両を走行させる場合には、乗り心地を優先しない制御(例えば、急ブレーキや、移動と停止の連続)を行って目標経路に対する車両の位置精度を優先した制御を実行している。
駐車スペースにつながる走行スペースにある車両を前記駐車スペースに駐車させるための前記車両の制御を行う駐車支援システムであって、
前記走行スペース及び前記駐車スペースを認識するスペース認識部と、
前記スペース認識部により認識した前記走行スペースから前記駐車スペースへの前記車両の進入口の幅及び前記進入口の幅に直交する方向の前記走行スペースの長さの少なくとも一方を前記車両の移動経路に利用できる移動スペース広さとして判定する広さ判定部と、
前記車両に対する前記駐車スペース及び前記走行スペースの相対位置に基づいて、前記駐車スペース内に前記車両を移動させて停止させる駐車制御を実行する車両制御部と、
を備え、
前記車両制御部は、前記広さ判定部により前記移動スペース広さが判定基準よりも狭いと判定した場合に、前記移動スペース広さが前記判定基準以上の広さと判定した場合に比べて、前記車両の位置精度を高めるように狭い環境用の制御設定である狭環境設定を適用する。
駐車支援システム100の第1実施形態について、図面を参照して説明する。図1及び図2の説明図は、それぞれ車両50を駐車させる際の駐車支援の一形態を例示している。図1は車両50を並列駐車させる場合の例であり、図2は車両50を縦列駐車させる場合の例である。また、図3のブロック図は、駐車支援システム100を含む車両50のシステム構成の一例を模式的に示している。本実施形態の駐車支援システム100は、駐車スペースPにつながる走行スペースMにある車両50を駐車スペースPに駐車させるための車両50の制御を行う。
第2実施形態の駐車支援システム100は、広さ判定処理の内容が上記実施形態と異なっている。以下に第2実施形態の駐車支援システム100について説明するが、上記実施形態と同様の構成については説明を省略する。
工程#10において広さ判定部12は、移動スペース広さBが第1判定基準よりも狭いか否かを判定する。そして、広さ判定部12は、移動スペース広さBが第1判定基準よりも狭い場合(工程#10において「Yes」と判定した場合)、工程#11に移行して、広さ段階が、最も狭い第1段階であると判定する。
第3実施形態の駐車支援システム100は、車両制御部13による駐車制御の実行中に、適用される狭環境設定の段階が変更される場合がある点で上記実施形態と異なっている。以下に第3実施形態の駐車支援システム100について説明するが、上記実施形態と同様の構成については説明を省略する。
(1)上記の実施形態において、駐車支援システム100は、移動スペース広さBを判定するための判定基準は車両50の寸法(例えば、横幅及び長さの少なくとも一方など)に応じて異なる値を用いてもよいし、或いは、車両50の寸法に関係なく同じ値を用いてもよい。
以下では、上記において説明した駐車支援システム(100)の概要について説明する。
駐車スペース(P)につながる走行スペース(M)にある車両(50)を前記駐車スペース(P)に駐車させるための前記車両(50)の制御を行う駐車支援システム(100)であって、
前記走行スペース(M)及び前記駐車スペース(P)を認識するスペース認識部(11)と、
前記スペース認識部(11)により認識した前記走行スペース(M)から前記駐車スペース(P)への前記車両(50)の進入口(E)の幅(B1)及び前記進入口(E)の幅(B1)に直交する方向の前記走行スペース(M)の長さ(B2)の少なくとも一方を前記車両(50)の移動経路に利用できる移動スペース広さ(B)として判定する広さ判定部(12)と、
前記車両(50)に対する前記駐車スペース(P)及び前記走行スペース(M)の相対位置に基づいて、前記駐車スペース(P)内に前記車両(50)を移動させて停止させる駐車制御を実行する車両制御部(13)と、
を備え、
前記車両制御部(13)は、前記広さ判定部(12)により前記移動スペース広さ(B)が判定基準よりも狭いと判定した場合に、前記移動スペース広さ(B)が前記判定基準以上の広さと判定した場合に比べて、前記車両(50)の位置精度を高めるように狭い環境用の制御設定である狭環境設定を適用する。
前記狭環境設定の適用は、
前記目標移動経路を設定する段階で、前記移動スペース広さ(B)が前記判定基準以上の広さと判定した場合に比べて、移動する前記車両(50)と前記駐車スペース(P)及び前記走行スペース(M)の外側にある障害物との許容される距離の下限を小さくすること、
前記目標移動経路を設定する段階で、前記移動スペース広さ(B)が前記判定基準以上の広さと判定した場合に比べて、移動する前記車両(50)の前進と後進との切り替え及び停止の少なくとも一方を行うまでの移動距離の許容される下限を小さくすること、
前記目標移動経路を設定する段階で、前記移動スペース広さ(B)が前記判定基準以上の広さと判定した場合に比べて、前記目標移動経路の曲率半径の下限を小さくすること、
前記目標移動経路上の各位置における前記車両(50)の前記目標速度を設定する段階で、前記移動スペース広さ(B)が前記判定基準以上の広さと判定した場合に比べて、前記目標速度の変化の上限を大きくすること、
前記駐車制御を実行する段階で、前記移動スペース広さ(B)が前記判定基準以上の広さと判定した場合に比べて、前記フィードバック制御の結果としての前記車両(50)の実際の加速度、減速度、操舵角の許容される上限を大きくすること、
の少なくとも1つを含むと好適である。
前記車両制御部(13)は、前記狭環境設定として、前記広さ段階のそれぞれに応じて設定内容が異なる複数段階の設定を備え、前記広さ判定部(12)により判定された前記広さ段階に対応する段階の前記狭環境設定を適用すると好適である。
前記広さ判定部(12)は、前記車両制御部(13)による前記駐車制御の実行中、前記移動スペース広さ(B)が複数の前記広さ段階の何れに該当するかの判定を繰り返し実行するように構成され、
前記車両制御部(13)は、前記駐車制御の実行中に前記広さ判定部(12)による判定結果が更新された場合に、当該更新が前回の判定結果よりも前記広さ段階を狭い方に判定するものであった場合には、適用する前記狭環境設定の段階を変更し、当該更新が前回の判定結果よりも前記広さ段階を広い方に判定するものであった場合には、適用する前記狭環境設定の段階を変更しないと好適である。
Claims (4)
- 駐車スペースにつながる走行スペースにある車両を前記駐車スペースに駐車させるための前記車両の制御を行う駐車支援システムであって、
前記走行スペース及び前記駐車スペースを認識するスペース認識部と、
前記スペース認識部により認識した前記走行スペースから前記駐車スペースへの前記車両の進入口の幅及び前記進入口の幅に直交する方向の前記走行スペースの長さの少なくとも一方を前記車両の移動経路に利用できる移動スペース広さとして判定する広さ判定部と、
前記車両に対する前記駐車スペース及び前記走行スペースの相対位置に基づいて、前記駐車スペース内に前記車両を移動させて停止させる駐車制御を実行する車両制御部と、
を備え、
前記車両制御部は、前記広さ判定部により前記移動スペース広さが判定基準よりも狭いと判定した場合に、前記移動スペース広さが前記判定基準以上の広さと判定した場合に比べて、前記車両の位置精度を高めるように狭い環境用の制御設定である狭環境設定を適用する、駐車支援システム。 - 前記車両制御部は、前記車両に対する前記駐車スペース及び前記走行スペースの前記相対位置に基づいて、前記車両の移動経路の目標である目標移動経路と、前記目標移動経路上の各位置における前記車両の目標速度とを設定し、前記駐車制御において、前記車両の実際の位置及び速度を前記目標移動経路及び前記目標速度に近づけるようにフィードバック制御を実行するように構成され、
前記狭環境設定の適用は、
前記目標移動経路を設定する段階で、前記移動スペース広さが前記判定基準以上の広さと判定した場合に比べて、移動する前記車両と前記駐車スペース及び前記走行スペースの外側にある障害物との許容される距離の下限を小さくすること、
前記目標移動経路を設定する段階で、前記移動スペース広さが前記判定基準以上の広さと判定した場合に比べて、移動する前記車両の前進と後進との切り替え及び停止の少なくとも一方を行うまでの移動距離の許容される下限を小さくすること、
前記目標移動経路を設定する段階で、前記移動スペース広さが前記判定基準以上の広さと判定した場合に比べて、前記目標移動経路の曲率半径の下限を小さくすること、
前記目標移動経路上の各位置における前記車両の前記目標速度を設定する段階で、前記移動スペース広さが前記判定基準以上の広さと判定した場合に比べて、前記目標速度の変化の上限を大きくすること、
前記駐車制御を実行する段階で、前記移動スペース広さが前記判定基準以上の広さと判定した場合に比べて、前記フィードバック制御の結果としての前記車両の実際の加速度、減速度、操舵角の許容される上限を大きくすること、
の少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1に記載の駐車支援システム。 - 前記広さ判定部は、前記判定基準を複数設定して、前記移動スペース広さが複数の前記判定基準の何れかよりも狭いことを示す複数の広さ段階の何れに該当するのかを判定し、
前記車両制御部は、前記狭環境設定として、前記広さ段階のそれぞれに応じて設定内容が異なる複数段階の設定を備え、前記広さ判定部により判定された前記広さ段階に対応する段階の前記狭環境設定を適用する、請求項1又は2に記載の駐車支援システム。 - 前記スペース認識部は、前記駐車制御の実行中、前記移動スペース広さの認識を繰り返し実行するように構成され、
前記広さ判定部は、前記車両制御部による前記駐車制御の実行中、前記移動スペース広さが複数の前記広さ段階の何れに該当するかの判定を繰り返し実行するように構成され、
前記車両制御部は、前記駐車制御の実行中に前記広さ判定部による判定結果が更新された場合に、当該更新が前回の判定結果よりも前記広さ段階を狭い方に判定するものであった場合には、適用する前記狭環境設定の段階を変更し、当該更新が前回の判定結果よりも前記広さ段階を広い方に判定するものであった場合には、適用する前記狭環境設定の段階を変更しない、請求項3に記載の駐車支援システム。
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| JP2020117038A (ja) * | 2019-01-23 | 2020-08-06 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 自動駐車システム |
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