WO2024214611A1 - 二次電池 - Google Patents
二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024214611A1 WO2024214611A1 PCT/JP2024/013739 JP2024013739W WO2024214611A1 WO 2024214611 A1 WO2024214611 A1 WO 2024214611A1 JP 2024013739 W JP2024013739 W JP 2024013739W WO 2024214611 A1 WO2024214611 A1 WO 2024214611A1
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- negative electrode
- facing portion
- secondary battery
- insulating member
- battery according
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to secondary batteries.
- Secondary batteries such as lithium-ion secondary batteries are used as power sources for a wide range of devices, including electric vehicles, and there is a demand for even higher capacity.
- secondary batteries that have a wound electrode body in which a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator are wound together, when the electrode body expands due to charging and discharging, stress is applied locally within the electrode body, and plate deformation may occur in which at least one of the positive electrode and negative electrode deforms.
- plate deformation is likely to occur at the end of the electrode at the start of winding.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery that includes a wound electrode body in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode in which a negative electrode active material layer is formed on the surface of a strip-shaped negative electrode current collector are wound in a spiral shape with a separator between them, the negative electrode includes a negative electrode lead joined to the end of the negative electrode current collector at the start of winding, and is wound one or more times from the inner end in the winding direction without facing the positive electrode via the separator, and includes an insulating tape attached to the negative electrode current collector so as to straddle the surface of the negative electrode lead in the winding direction.
- Patent Document 1 states that by attaching the insulating tape to the negative electrode current collector so as to straddle the surface of the negative electrode lead, it is possible to suppress plate deformation that occurs during charging and discharging.
- plate deformation can occur depending on the charging and discharging conditions, leaving room for improvement. Furthermore, plate deformation can lead to self-discharge due to an internal short circuit in the battery, for example, so it is important to suppress plate deformation.
- the objective of this disclosure is to provide a secondary battery that can suppress plate deformation that occurs during charging and discharging.
- the present disclosure relates to a secondary battery having an electrode body in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode having a negative electrode composite layer disposed on a negative electrode core are wound with a separator interposed therebetween, and the negative electrode has a non-facing portion at the end on the winding start side that does not face the positive electrode via the separator, and the surface on the non-facing portion has a low-friction region in which the friction coefficient between the negative electrode and the opposing separator is 0.4 or less.
- This disclosure makes it possible to provide a secondary battery that can suppress plate deformation that occurs during charging and discharging.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a secondary battery according to an embodiment
- 2 is a schematic diagram showing a part of the inner end side in the winding direction of the electrode body in the AA cross section of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the state of the winding start end sides of the negative electrode and positive electrode before winding.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a configuration of an insulating tape.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the state of the winding start end side of the negative electrode and the positive electrode before winding in Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the state of the winding start end side of the negative electrode and positive electrode before winding in Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for measuring the static friction coefficient.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte is, for example, an electrolyte having lithium ion conductivity, and may be a liquid electrolyte (electrolytic solution) or a solid electrolyte.
- the non-aqueous solvent may contain a halogen-substituted product (e.g., fluoroethylene carbonate, etc.) in which at least a part of the hydrogen of these solvents is replaced with a halogen atom such as fluorine.
- a halogen-substituted product e.g., fluoroethylene carbonate, etc.
- a lithium salt such as LiPF6 is used as the electrolyte salt.
- the solid electrolyte for example, a solid or gel-like polymer electrolyte, an inorganic solid electrolyte, etc.
- an inorganic solid electrolyte a material known in all-solid-state lithium ion secondary batteries, etc. (for example, an oxide-based solid electrolyte, a sulfide-based solid electrolyte, a halogen-based solid electrolyte, etc.) can be used.
- the polymer electrolyte includes, for example, a lithium salt and a matrix polymer, or a non-aqueous solvent, a lithium salt, and a matrix polymer.
- the case body 16 is, for example, a cylindrical metal container with a bottom.
- a gasket 27 is provided between the case body 16 and the sealing body 17 to ensure airtightness inside the battery.
- the case body 16 has a protruding portion 21 that supports the sealing body 17, for example, a part of the side surface that protrudes inward.
- the protruding portion 21 is preferably formed in an annular shape along the circumferential direction of the case body 16, and supports the sealing body 17 on its upper surface.
- the sealing body 17 has a structure in which, in order from the electrode body 14 side, a filter 22, a lower valve body 23, an insulator 24, an upper valve body 25, and a cap 26 are stacked.
- Each member constituting the sealing body 17 has, for example, a disk or ring shape, and each member except for the insulator 24 is electrically connected to each other.
- the lower valve body 23 and the upper valve body 25 are connected to each other at their respective centers, and the insulator 24 is interposed between their respective peripheral edges.
- the lower valve body 23 deforms and breaks so as to push the upper valve body 25 toward the cap 26, and the current path between the lower valve body 23 and the upper valve body 25 is interrupted.
- the upper valve body 25 breaks, and gas is discharged from the opening of the cap 26.
- the electrode body 14 is produced, for example, by stacking a strip-shaped positive electrode 11, a strip-shaped negative electrode 12, and a pair of strip-shaped separators 13 in the order of one separator 13, the positive electrode 11, the other separator 13, and the negative electrode 12, and then winding this stack into a spiral shape.
- the longitudinal direction of each electrode is the winding direction
- the width direction of each electrode is the winding axis direction.
- the negative electrode 12 has a non-facing portion 40 at the winding start end side, which is composed of an outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 and an inner peripheral non-facing portion 46 that do not face the positive electrode 11 via the separator 13.
- the negative electrode 12 also has an insulating member, which will be described later. Although the insulating member is not shown in FIG. 2, the insulating member is disposed on the non-facing portion 40.
- the negative electrode 12 also has a facing portion 42 that faces the positive electrode 11 via the separator 13. The facing portion 42 is wound following the non-facing portion 40.
- the non-facing portion 40 has an outer circumferential non-facing portion 44 and an inner circumferential non-facing portion 46.
- the outer circumferential non-facing portion 44 is a non-facing portion located on the outer side in the radial direction of the wound negative electrode 12
- the inner circumferential non-facing portion 46 is a non-facing portion located on the inner side in the radial direction of the wound negative electrode 12.
- the non-facing portion 40 (outer circumferential non-facing portion 44 and inner circumferential non-facing portion 46) shown in FIG. 2 is wound 1.5 times from the winding start end (point E1 in FIG. 2) of the negative electrode 12.
- the non-facing portion 40 (outer circumferential non-facing portion 44 and inner circumferential non-facing portion 46) extends from point E1 shown in FIG. 2 along the winding direction to point E2.
- the number of winding turns of the non-facing portion 40 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1.5 turns or more, and more preferably 1.5 turns or more and 3 turns or less.
- the surface on the non-facing portion has a low-friction region in which the static friction coefficient between the opposing separator 13 is 0.4 or less.
- the static friction coefficient in the low-friction region is preferably 0.3 or less, for example, in terms of suppressing plate deformation due to charging and discharging.
- the lower limit of the static friction coefficient is preferably 0.05 or more.
- the surface on the non-facing portion 40 in this disclosure may be the surface of the non-facing portion 40 itself, or may be the surface of a member (for example, an insulating member described later) arranged on the non-facing portion.
- the entire surface on the non-facing portion may be configured to have the above-mentioned low-friction region, or a part of the surface on the non-facing portion may be configured to have the above-mentioned low-friction region. As shown in FIG.
- the non-facing portion 40 has an outer circumferential non-facing portion 44 and an inner circumferential non-facing portion 46, and at least one of the surfaces of the outer circumferential non-facing portion 44 and the inner circumferential non-facing portion 46 needs to have the low friction region.
- the method for measuring the static friction coefficient is described in the Examples section.
- One method for forming the low friction region is to modify the surface of the non-facing portion 40 itself, but it is preferable to employ a method for disposing an insulating member on the non-facing portion 40, as described below. Below, an example of an embodiment in which an insulating member is disposed on the non-facing portion 40 (the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 and the inner peripheral non-facing portion 46) is described.
- the negative electrode 12 has a negative electrode core 48 and a negative electrode composite layer 50 arranged on the negative electrode core 48.
- the negative electrode composite layer 50 may be formed only on one side of the negative electrode core 48, or may be formed on both sides of the negative electrode core 48. In the negative electrode 12 shown in FIG.
- the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 is composed of the negative electrode composite layer 50 arranged on the negative electrode core 48 and the outer peripheral exposed portion 48a where the negative electrode composite layer 50 is not arranged on the negative electrode core 48, but is not limited to this configuration, and may be composed of, for example, the negative electrode composite layer 50 arranged on the negative electrode core 48, or may be composed of the outer peripheral exposed portion 48a where the negative electrode composite layer 50 is not arranged on the negative electrode core 48.
- the inner peripheral side non-facing portion 46 is not limited to being composed of the negative electrode composite layer 50 arranged on the negative electrode core 48 and the inner peripheral side exposed portion 48b where the negative electrode composite layer 50 is not arranged on the negative electrode core 48, but may be composed of the inner peripheral side exposed portion 48b where the negative electrode composite layer 50 is not arranged on the negative electrode core 48, or may be composed of the negative electrode composite layer 50 arranged on the negative electrode core 48.
- the negative electrode 12 has a first insulating member 52a arranged on the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 and a second insulating member 52b arranged on the inner peripheral non-facing portion 46.
- the first insulating member 52a shown in FIG. 3 is arranged on the negative electrode composite material layer 50 in the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 and on the outer peripheral exposed portion 48a.
- the first insulating member 52a may be arranged on the entirety or part of the negative electrode composite material layer 50 in the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44, or on the entirety or part of the outer peripheral exposed portion 48a.
- the second insulating member 52b shown in FIG. 3 is arranged on the negative electrode composite material layer 50 in the inner peripheral non-facing portion 46 and on the inner peripheral exposed portion 48b.
- the second insulating member 52b may be arranged on the entirety or part of the negative electrode composite material layer 50 in the inner peripheral non-facing portion 46, or on the entirety or part of the inner peripheral exposed portion 48b.
- At least one of the surfaces on the outer circumferential non-facing portion 44 and the inner circumferential non-facing portion 46 has the above-mentioned low friction region. Therefore, it is sufficient that at least one of the surfaces of the first insulating member 52a arranged on the outer circumferential non-facing portion 44 and the second insulating member 52b arranged on the inner circumferential non-facing portion 46 has the above-mentioned low friction region.
- the first insulating member 52a is preferably arranged on the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 for 1.5 or more turns in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 (i.e., the winding direction of the negative electrode 12), and more preferably arranged on the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 for 1.5 or more turns and 3 or less turns.
- the first insulating member 52a may be disposed on the negative electrode composite layer 50 in the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44, or may be disposed on the outer peripheral exposed portion 48a in the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44, or may be disposed on both the outer peripheral exposed portion 48a in the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 and the negative electrode composite layer 50 as shown in FIG. 3.
- the first insulating member 52a when the first insulating member 52a is disposed on the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44, the first insulating member 52a is disposed on the negative electrode composite layer 50 in the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44, and the surface of the first insulating member 52a on the negative electrode composite layer 50 may have the above-mentioned low friction region. That is, when the first insulating member 52a is placed on the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44, the first insulating member 52a may be placed on the negative electrode composite layer 50 in the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44, and the static friction coefficient between the surface of the first insulating member 52a on the negative electrode composite layer 50 and the opposing separator may be set to the above range.
- the low friction region on the surface of the negative electrode mixture layer 50 in the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 occupies 80% or more and 100% or less of the area of the entire surface of the negative electrode mixture layer 50 in the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44.
- the low friction region on the surface of the first insulating member 52a may occupy 80% or more and 100% or less of the area of the entire surface of the negative electrode mixture layer 50 in the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44.
- the area ratio of the low friction region on the surface of the first insulating member 52a overlapping with the negative electrode mixture layer 50 in the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 may be 80% or more and 100% or less.
- the first insulating member 52a is preferably arranged on the outer circumferential non-facing portion 44 from the circumferential inner edge 44a of the outer circumferential non-facing portion 44 as shown in FIG. 3, for example, in order to suppress plate deformation that occurs during charging and discharging.
- the first insulating member 52a may protrude from the outer circumferential non-facing portion 44 and be arranged on the outer circumferential facing portion, but it is preferable that it is not arranged on the outer circumferential facing portion in terms of, for example, battery capacity, etc.
- the second insulating member 52b is preferably disposed on the inner non-facing portion 46 over a circumferential direction of at least 0.9 of the inner non-facing portion 46, and the area ratio overlapping with the inner non-facing portion 46 is preferably 50% or more and 100% or less.
- the second insulating member 52b may be disposed on the negative electrode composite material layer 50 in the inner non-facing portion 46, or may be disposed on the inner exposed portion 48b in the inner non-facing portion 46, or may be disposed on both the inner exposed portion 48b and the negative electrode composite material layer 50 in the inner non-facing portion 46 as shown in FIG. 3.
- the second insulating member 52b when the second insulating member 52b is disposed on the inner non-facing portion 46, the second insulating member 52b is disposed on the negative electrode composite material layer 50 in the inner non-facing portion 46, and the surface of the second insulating member 52b on the negative electrode composite material layer 50 may have the low friction region. That is, when the second insulating member 52b is placed on the inner circumferential non-facing portion 46, the second insulating member 52b may be placed on the negative electrode composite layer 50 in the inner circumferential non-facing portion 46, and the static friction coefficient between the surface of the second insulating member 52b on the negative electrode composite layer 50 and the opposing separator may be in the above range.
- the surface on the inner circumferential exposed portion 48b preferably has the above-mentioned low friction region.
- the second insulating member 52b when the second insulating member 52b is placed on the inner circumferential non-facing portion 46, the second insulating member 52b may be placed on the inner circumferential exposed portion 48b in the inner circumferential non-facing portion 46, and the surface of the second insulating member 52b on the inner circumferential exposed portion 48b may have the above-mentioned low friction region.
- the second insulating member 52b when the second insulating member 52b is placed on the inner non-facing portion 46, the second insulating member 52b may be placed on the inner exposed portion 48b within the inner non-facing portion 46, and the friction coefficient between the surface of the second insulating member 52b on the inner exposed portion 48b and the opposing separator may be within the above range.
- the second insulating member 52b is preferably arranged on the inner peripheral non-facing portion 46 from the circumferential inner edge 46a of the inner peripheral non-facing portion 46 as shown in FIG. 3, for example, in order to suppress plate deformation that occurs during charging and discharging.
- the second insulating member 52b may protrude from the inner peripheral non-facing portion 46 and be arranged on the inner peripheral facing portion, but it is preferable that it is not arranged on the inner peripheral facing portion in terms of, for example, battery capacity, etc.
- the insulating member applied to the first insulating member 52a and the second insulating member 52b may be an insulating sheet, an insulating tape, etc.
- the insulating member preferably contains a fluororesin as a main component, in terms of lowering the static friction coefficient between the separator and facilitating the formation of the low friction region on the surface, and more preferably contains at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene (FEP) as a main component.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- FEP tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene
- the main component is a component that is contained in an amount of 50 mass% or more of the total amount of the constituent components.
- the main component being at least one of PTFE and FEP means that at least one of PTFE and FEP is contained in an amount of 50 mass% or more.
- the insulating member may also be, for example, a sheet having a coating film formed on the surface of a resin sheet.
- the coating film preferably contains, for example, a fluororesin as a main component, and preferably contains at least one of PTFE and FEP as a main component, in order to reduce the static friction coefficient between the coating film and the separator and to facilitate the formation of the low-friction region on the surface.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of an insulating tape.
- the insulating tape 52 described below is applied to the first insulating member 52a and the second insulating member 52b described above.
- the insulating tape 52 includes, for example, a base layer 54 and an adhesive layer 56.
- the insulating tape 52 has a laminated structure in which the adhesive layer 56 and the base layer 54 are laminated in this order from the non-facing portion side. Therefore, the surface of the base layer 54 becomes the surface of the insulating tape 52 that faces the separator.
- the thickness of the insulating tape 52 is preferably 0.02 mm or more and 0.1 mm or less, for example, in terms of flexibility, strength, etc.
- the base layer 54 preferably contains a fluororesin as a main component, for example, in order to reduce the static friction coefficient between the separator and to facilitate the formation of the low-friction region on the surface, and more preferably contains at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene (FEP) as a main component.
- the base layer 54 may contain other resins, such as polyolefin (e.g., polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.), polystyrene, polyester (e.g., polyethylene terephthalate, etc.), polyimide, polyamide, polyamideimide, polycarbonate, polyphenylene sulfide, etc.
- the adhesive layer 56 is a layer that is mainly used to provide the insulating tape 52 with adhesiveness to the negative electrode 12.
- the adhesive layer 56 is formed by applying an adhesive to one surface of the base layer 54.
- the adhesive that constitutes the adhesive layer 56 may be a hot melt type that exhibits adhesiveness when heated or a thermosetting type that hardens when heated, but from the standpoint of productivity, etc., an adhesive that has adhesiveness at room temperature is preferable.
- Examples of adhesives include acrylic adhesives and synthetic rubber adhesives.
- the insulating tape 52 is not limited to the form shown in FIG. 4, and may have, for example, an inorganic particle-containing layer between the base layer 54 and the adhesive layer 56.
- the inorganic particle-containing layer has, for example, a structure in which inorganic particles are dispersed in a resin matrix constituting the layer.
- the inorganic particle-containing layer is formed, for example, by applying a resin solution containing inorganic particles onto one surface of the base layer 54.
- inorganic particles include metal oxide particles, metal nitride particles, metal fluoride particles, and metal carbide particles.
- resin matrices include acrylic resins, urethane resins, and elastomers thereof.
- the negative electrode core 48 constituting the negative electrode 12 can be made of a foil of a metal that is stable in the potential range of the negative electrode, such as copper or a copper alloy, or a film with such a metal disposed on the surface.
- the thickness of the negative electrode core 48 is, for example, in the range of 7 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
- the negative electrode mixture layer 50 constituting the negative electrode 12 contains, for example, a negative electrode active material, a binder, etc.
- the thickness of the negative electrode mixture layer 50 is, for example, in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- the negative electrode mixture layer 50 can be produced, for example, by applying a negative electrode mixture slurry containing a negative electrode active material, a binder, etc., onto the negative electrode core 48, drying the coating, and then rolling it.
- the negative electrode active material contained in the negative electrode composite layer 50 is not particularly limited as long as it can reversibly absorb and release lithium ions, and examples of such materials include carbon materials and Si-based materials. From the viewpoint of increasing the capacity of the battery, it is preferable that the negative electrode active material contains a Si-based material.
- the carbon material may be, for example, a conventionally known carbon material used as a negative electrode active material, such as natural graphite, such as flake graphite, lump graphite, and earthy graphite, and artificial graphite, such as lump artificial graphite (MAG) and graphitized mesophase carbon microbeads (MCMB).
- natural graphite such as flake graphite, lump graphite, and earthy graphite
- artificial graphite such as lump artificial graphite (MAG) and graphitized mesophase carbon microbeads (MCMB).
- MAG lump artificial graphite
- MCMB graphitized mesophase carbon microbeads
- the Si-based material is not particularly limited as long as it can reversibly store and release ions such as lithium ions, and examples include Si particles, alloy particles containing Si, and Si compound particles. Among these, Si compound particles are preferred.
- the Si compound particles in which Si particles are dispersed in a silicon oxide phase are represented, for example, by the general formula SiOx (preferably in the range of 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2, and more preferably in the range of 0.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.6).
- the Si compound particles in which Si particles are dispersed in a carbon phase are represented, for example, by the general formula SixC1y (preferably in the range of 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1 and 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1, and more preferably in the range of 0.3 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.45 and 0.7 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.55).
- the particle surface of the Si-based material is preferably formed with a conductive coating made of a highly conductive material.
- conductive coatings include carbon coatings, metal coatings, and metal compound coatings, but carbon coatings are preferred from the standpoint of electrochemical stability.
- the carbon coating can be formed, for example, by a CVD method using acetylene, methane, etc., or by a method in which coal pitch, petroleum pitch, phenolic resin, etc. is mixed with a silicon-based active material and heat-treated.
- a conductive coating may be formed by adhering a conductive filler such as carbon black to the particle surface of the Si-based material using a binder.
- the negative electrode active material may contain, in addition to carbon materials and Si-based materials, other materials that can reversibly store and release lithium ions.
- other materials include Sn, alloys containing Sn, Sn-based materials such as tin oxide, and Ti-based materials such as lithium titanate.
- binders include fluorine-based resins such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyimide resins, acrylic resins, polyolefin resins, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) or its salts, polyacrylic acid (PAA) or its salts, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polyethylene oxide (PEO).
- fluorine-based resins such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyimide resins, acrylic resins, polyolefin resins, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) or its salts, polyacrylic acid (PAA) or its salts, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polyethylene oxide (PEO).
- the positive electrode 11 has a positive electrode core and a positive electrode composite layer formed on the surface of the positive electrode core.
- the positive electrode composite layer is preferably formed on both sides of the positive electrode core.
- a foil of a metal such as aluminum that is stable in the potential range of the positive electrode 11, or a film with the metal disposed on the surface layer can be used.
- the positive electrode composite layer contains, for example, a positive electrode active material, a binder, a conductive agent, etc.
- the positive electrode composite layer can be produced, for example, by applying a positive electrode composite slurry containing a positive electrode active material, a binder, a conductive agent, etc., onto the positive electrode core, drying the coating, and then rolling it.
- the positive electrode active material contained in the positive electrode mixture layer can be, for example, a lithium transition metal oxide containing a transition metal element such as Co, Mn, or Ni.
- lithium transition metal oxides include LixCoO2 , LixNiO2 , LixMnO2 , LixCoyNi1-yO2 , LixCoyM1 -yOz , LixNi1 - yMyOz , LixMn2O4 , LixMn2 - yMyO4 , LiMPO4 , and Li2MPO4F (M: at least one of Na, Mg , Sc , Y , Mn, Fe, Co, Ni , Cu, Zn, Al, Cr , Pb, Sb, and B ; 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.2, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.9, and 2.0 ⁇ z ⁇ 2.3).
- the positive electrode active material preferably contains a lithium nickel composite oxide such as Li x NiO 2 , Li x Co y Ni 1-y O 2 , or Li x Ni 1-y M y O z (M: at least one of Na, Mg, Sc, Y, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Al, Cr, Pb, Sb, and B, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.2, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.9, and 2.0 ⁇ z ⁇ 2.3).
- Inorganic particles such as tungsten oxide, aluminum oxide, and lanthanoid-containing compounds may be fixed to the surface of the lithium transition metal oxide particles.
- a porous sheet having ion permeability and insulating properties is used for the separator 13.
- porous sheets include a microporous thin film, a woven fabric, and a nonwoven fabric.
- Suitable materials for the separator include olefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, and cellulose.
- the separator 13 may be a laminate having a cellulose fiber layer and a thermoplastic resin fiber layer such as an olefin resin.
- the separator 13 may be a multilayer separator including a polyethylene layer and a polypropylene layer, and a material such as an aramid resin or ceramic may be applied to the surface of the separator 13.
- Example 1 [Preparation of Positive Electrode] 100 parts by mass of LiNi 0.88 Co 0.09 Al 0.03 O 2 , 1 part by mass of acetylene black (AB), and 0.9 parts by mass of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) were mixed, and an appropriate amount of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was added to prepare a positive electrode composite slurry. Next, the positive electrode composite slurry was applied to both sides of an aluminum foil having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m, and the coating film was dried. Then, the coating film was rolled using a roller, and then cut to a predetermined electrode size, and a positive electrode in which a positive electrode composite layer was formed on both sides of the positive electrode core was produced. An exposed portion where the positive electrode composite layer was not arranged on the positive electrode core was provided in the longitudinal center of the positive electrode, and an aluminum positive electrode lead was welded to the exposed portion.
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- a negative electrode composite slurry 92 parts by mass of graphite powder, 6 parts by mass of Si-based material, 1 part by mass of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na), and 1 part by mass of a dispersion of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) were mixed, and an appropriate amount of water was added to prepare a negative electrode composite slurry.
- the negative electrode composite slurry was applied to both sides of a copper foil having a thickness of 8 ⁇ m, and the coating film was dried. Then, the coating film was rolled using a roller, and then cut to a predetermined electrode size, and a negative electrode in which a negative electrode composite layer was formed on both sides of the negative electrode core was produced.
- an exposed portion where the negative electrode composite layer was not disposed on the negative electrode core was provided, and a nickel negative electrode lead was welded to each exposed portion at both ends.
- an insulating member was disposed at the end on the winding start side of both ends in the longitudinal direction of the negative electrode.
- a fluororesin tape in which an acrylic adhesive was applied to a substrate made of fluororesin was used. The position of the insulating member in Example 1 will be described below.
- Example 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the state of the winding start end side of the negative electrode and positive electrode before winding in Example 1.
- a first insulating member 52a fluororesin tape
- a second insulating member 52b fluororesin tape
- the area ratio of the first insulating member 52a arranged on the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 that overlaps with the outer peripheral exposed portion 48a in the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 is 100%, and the area ratio of the first insulating member 52a that overlaps with the negative electrode composite material layer 50 in the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 is 94%.
- the first insulating member 52a is arranged 2.1 times around the outer non-facing portion 44 in the circumferential direction (number of times arranged: 2.1 times).
- the area ratio of the second insulating member 52b arranged on the inner non-facing portion 46 that overlaps with the inner non-facing portion 46 is 97%.
- the second insulating member 52b is arranged 2.1 times around the inner non-facing portion 46 in the circumferential direction (number of times arranged: 2.1 times).
- the static friction coefficient between the surface of the fluororesin tape used as the first insulating member 52a arranged on the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 and the second insulating member 52b arranged on the inner peripheral non-facing portion 46 and the separator facing the surface when the wound electrode body was produced was 0.20. That is, the surface of the first insulating member 52a and the surface of the second insulating member 52b each have a low friction region with a static friction coefficient of 0.20 between the surface and the facing separator.
- the area ratio of the first insulating member 52a overlapping with the negative electrode mixture layer 50 in the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 is 94%. Therefore, the low friction region on the surface of the first insulating member 52a occupies 94% of the area of the entire surface on the negative electrode mixture layer 50 in the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44.
- Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for measuring the static friction coefficient.
- the apparatus 60 shown in Figure 7 includes a test stand 62, a pulley 64, a wire 66 hung on the pulley, and a weight 68 attached to one end of the wire 66 and placed on the test stand 62.
- a first test piece 70 is fixed to the bottom surface of the weight 68.
- a second test piece 72 is fixed on the test stand 62 so as to face the first test piece 70 fixed to the bottom surface of the weight 68.
- the other end of the wire 66 is connected to a tensile tester (not shown).
- the tensile tester is, for example, an Autograph (Shimadzu Corporation, model number AG-X).
- the weight 68 has a weight of 630 g.
- the first test piece 70 is a separator (dimensions: 4 cm x 3 cm) onto which 0.1 mL of non-aqueous electrolyte has been dropped.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte is the non-aqueous electrolyte used in the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery.
- the second test piece 72 is a fluororesin tape (dimensions: 10 cm x 6 cm), and the substrate layer is the surface facing the separator.
- an FEP sheet was prepared as the second test piece 72.
- two test pieces were prepared as the second test piece 72: a negative electrode composite layer formed on copper foil and a polypropylene tape.
- a polypropylene tape was prepared as the second test piece 72. When the polypropylene tape is used as the test piece, the substrate layer is the surface facing the separator.
- the tensile tester is driven to apply an external force to the weight 68 via the wire 66 at a speed of 20 mm/min.
- the external force is gradually increased, and the force at which the separator begins to move is measured as the static friction force.
- Fs Static friction force (N)
- a non-aqueous electrolyte was prepared by adding 5 parts by mass of vinylene carbonate (VC) to 100 parts by mass of a mixed solvent prepared by mixing ethylene carbonate (EC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) in a volume ratio of 3:7, and dissolving lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ) at a concentration of 1.5 mol/L.
- VC vinylene carbonate
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- Example 2 A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that an FEP sheet was used instead of the fluororesin tape used as the insulating member in Example 1.
- the static friction coefficient between the surface of the FEP sheet used as the insulating member arranged on the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 and the inner peripheral non-facing portion 46 and the opposing separator when a wound-type electrode body was fabricated was 0.40. That is, the surface of the first insulating member 52a and the surface of the second insulating member 52b each have a low-friction region with a static friction coefficient of 0.40 between the opposing separator.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the state of the winding start end side of the negative electrode and the positive electrode before winding in Comparative Example 1.
- the first insulating member 52a was arranged on the outer peripheral exposed portion 48a in the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 of the negative electrode 12 and on the negative electrode composite material layer 50 so that the base layer was the tape surface.
- the area ratio of the first insulating member 52a arranged on the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 overlapping with the outer peripheral exposed portion 48a in the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 was 100%, and the area ratio of the first insulating member 52a overlapping with the negative electrode composite material layer 50 in the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 was 13%.
- the first insulating member 52a was arranged over 1.0 lap in the circumferential direction in the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 (number of laps arranged: 1.0 lap).
- a polypropylene tape in which an acrylic adhesive was applied to a polypropylene base material was used.
- the static friction coefficient between the surface of the polypropylene tape used as the first insulating member 52a arranged on the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 and the separator that faces when the wound electrode body is produced was 0.42.
- the static friction coefficient between the surface of the negative electrode mixture layer 50 of the outer peripheral non-facing portion 44 that is not covered with polypropylene tape and the separator that faces when the wound electrode body is produced was 0.59.
- the static friction coefficient between the surface of the negative electrode mixture layer 50 of the inner peripheral non-facing portion 46 and the separator that faces when the wound electrode body is produced was 0.59
- the static friction coefficient between the inner peripheral exposed portion 48b of the inner peripheral non-facing portion 46 and the separator that faces when the wound electrode body is produced was 0.41.
- Example 2 A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the polypropylene tape used in Comparative Example 1 was used instead of the fluororesin tape used in Example 1 as the insulating member.
- a secondary battery having an electrode assembly in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode having a negative electrode mixture layer disposed on a negative electrode core are wound with a separator interposed therebetween, the negative electrode has a non-facing portion at a winding start end portion that does not face the positive electrode via the separator, A secondary battery, wherein the surface on the non-facing portion has a low-friction region having a static friction coefficient of 0.4 or less between the non-facing portion and the facing separator.
- the static friction coefficient is 0.05 or more.
- the negative electrode includes an insulating member disposed on the non-opposing portion, The secondary battery according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein a surface of the insulating member has the low friction region.
- the insulating member is an insulating tape.
- the insulating tape has a laminated structure in which an adhesive layer and a base material layer are laminated in this order from the non-facing portion side.
- the base layer contains a fluororesin as a main component.
- the insulating member contains at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP) as a main component.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- FEP tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer
- the non-facing portion includes an outer circumferential non-facing portion and an inner circumferential non-facing portion, At least one of a surface of the negative electrode mixture layer in the outer circumferential non-facing portion and a surface of the negative electrode mixture layer in the inner circumferential non-facing portion has the low friction region.
- (11) The secondary battery according to (10) above, wherein the low friction region occupies an area of 80% or more and 100% or less of the entire surface of the negative electrode mixture layer in the outer circumferential non-facing portion.
- the non-facing portion includes an inner circumferential side non-facing portion, the inner circumferential side non-facing portion having an inner circumferential side exposed portion in which a negative electrode composite layer is not formed on the negative electrode core,
Landscapes
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
[正極の作製]
100質量部のLiNi0.88Co0.09Al0.03O2と、1質量部のアセチレンブラック(AB)と、0.9質量部のポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVDF)とを混合し、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)を適量加えて、正極合材スラリーを調製した。次に、正極合材スラリーを、厚み15μmのアルミニウム箔の両面に塗布し、塗膜を乾燥させた。そして、ローラを用いて塗膜を圧延した後、所定の電極サイズに切断し、正極芯体の両面に正極合材層が形成された正極を作製した。正極の長手方向中央部に、正極芯体上に正極合材層が配置されていない露出部を設け、当該露出部にアルミニウム製の正極リードを溶接した。
92質量部の黒鉛粉末と、6質量部のSi系材料と、1質量部のカルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム(CMC-Na)と、1質量部のスチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)のディスパージョンとを混合し、水を適量加えて、負極合材スラリーを調製した。次に、負極合材スラリーを厚み8μmの銅箔の両面に塗布し、塗膜を乾燥させた。そして、ローラを用いて塗膜を圧延した後、所定の電極サイズに切断し、負極芯体の両面に負極合材層が形成された負極を作製した。負極両面の長手方向両端部に、負極芯体上に負極合材層が配置されていない露出部を設け、両端部の露出部それぞれにニッケル製の負極リードを溶接した。また、負極の長手方向両端部のうち、巻き始め側となる端部に絶縁部材を配置した。絶縁部材は、フッ素樹脂製の基材上にアクリル系接着剤が塗工されたフッ素樹脂テープを使用した。以下に、実施例1における絶縁部材の配置位置を説明する。
外周側非対向部44上に配置した第1絶縁部材52a及び内周側非対向部46上に配置した第2絶縁部材52bとして使用したフッ素樹脂テープの表面と、巻回型の電極体を作製した際に対向するセパレータとの間の静摩擦係数は0.20であった。すなわち、第1絶縁部材52aの表面及び第2絶縁部材52bの表面はいずれも、対向するセパレータとの間の静摩擦係数が0.20である低摩擦領域を有する。なお、前述したように、第1絶縁部材52aが、外周側非対向部44内の負極合材層50と重なる面積比率は94%である。したがって、第1絶縁部材52aの表面における上記低摩擦領域は、外周側非対向部44内の負極合材層50上の表面全体の94%の面積を占めている。
μs=Fs/Fp
μs:静摩擦係数
Fs:静摩擦力(N)
Fp:錘68の質量によって生じる法線力(=1.96N)
エチレンカーボネート(EC)と、ジメチルカーボネート(DMC)とを、3:7の体積比で混合した混合溶媒100質量部に、ビニレンカーボネート(VC)を5質量部添加し、に六フッ化リン酸リチウム(LiPF6)を1.5モル/リットルの濃度で溶解することにより、非水電解質を調製した。
セパレータを介して、上記の正極及び負極を巻回して巻回型の電極体を作製した。上記電極体の上下に絶縁板をそれぞれ配置し、電極体をケース本体内に収容した。負極リードをケース本体の底部に溶接し、正極リードを封口体にそれぞれ溶接した。ケース本体内に非水電解質を注入した後、ガスケットを介して封口体によりケース本体の開口部を封止して、非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
実施例1で絶縁部材として使用したフッ素樹脂テープに代えて、FEP製シートを使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解質二次電池を作製した。外周側非対向部44上及び内周側非対向部46上に配置した絶縁部材として使用したFEP製シートの表面と、巻回型の電極体を作製した際に対向するセパレータとの間の静摩擦係数は0.40であった。すなわち、第1絶縁部材52aの表面及び第2絶縁部材52bの表面はいずれも、対向するセパレータとの間の静摩擦係数が0.40である低摩擦領域を有する。
図6は、比較例1における巻回前の負極及び正極の巻き始め端部側の状態を示す模式断面図である。比較例1では、負極12の外周側非対向部44内の外周側露出部48a上及び負極合材層50上に、基材層がテープ表面となるように第1絶縁部材52aを配置した。外周側非対向部44上に配置された第1絶縁部材52aが、外周側非対向部44内の外周側露出部48aと重なる面積比率は100%であり、外周側非対向部44内の負極合材層50と重なる面積比率は13%である。また、第1絶縁部材52aは、負極12を巻回した際に、外周側非対向部44において周方向に1.0周に渡って配置される(配置周数:1.0周)。第1絶縁部材52aには、ポリプロピレン製の基材上にアクリル系接着剤が塗工されたポリプロピレンテープを使用した。
実施例1で絶縁部材として使用したフッ素樹脂テープに代えて、比較例1で使用したポリプロピレンテープを使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解質二次電池を作製した。
各実施例及び各比較例の非水電解液二次電池を、0.3Itの定電流で、電池電圧が4.2Vになるまで充電を行った後、4.2Vの定電圧で電流が0.02Itになるまで充電を行った。その後、1.0Itの定電流で、電池電圧が2.7Vになるまで放電を行った。この充放電を10サイクル行った。そして、10サイクル後の非水電解質二次電池を、X線CT装置(島津製作所製、SMX-225CT FPD HR)を用いて電極体の中心部の断面観察を行い、極板変形の発生の有無を確認した。その結果を表1にまとめた。
(1)
正極と、負極芯体上に負極合材層が配置された負極とが、セパレータを介して巻回された電極体を有する二次電池であって、
前記負極は、巻き始め側端部に、前記セパレータを介して前記正極と対向しない非対向部を有し、
前記非対向部上の表面は、対向する前記セパレータとの間の静摩擦係数が0.4以下である低摩擦領域を有する、二次電池。
(2)
前記静摩擦係数は0.3以下である、上記(1)に記載の二次電池。
(3)
前記静摩擦係数は0.05以上である、上記(1)又は(2)に記載の二次電池。
(4)
前記負極は、前記非対向部上に配置された絶縁部材を含み、
前記絶縁部材の表面は、前記低摩擦領域を有する、上記(1)~(3)のいずれか1つに記載の二次電池。
(5)
前記絶縁部材は、絶縁テープである、上記(4)に記載の二次電池。
(6)
前記絶縁テープは、前記非対向部側から、接着剤層、基材層の順に積層された積層構造を有する、上記(5)に記載の二次電池。
(7)
前記基材層は、フッ素樹脂を主成分として含む、上記(6)に記載の二次電池。
(8)
前記絶縁部材は、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)及び四フッ化エチレン・六フッ化プロピレン共重合体(FEP)の少なくともいずれか一方を主成分として含む、上記(4)に記載の二次電池。
(9)
前記絶縁部材の厚みは、0.02mm以上、0.1mm以下である、上記(4)~(8)のいずれか1つに記載の二次電池。
(10)
前記非対向部は、外周側非対向部及び内周側非対向部を含み、
前記外周側非対向部内の前記負極合材層上の表面及び前記内周側非対向部内の前記負極合材層上の表面のうちの少なくともいずれか一方は、前記低摩擦領域を有する、上記(1)~(9)のいずれか1つに記載の二次電池。
(11)
前記低摩擦領域は、前記外周側非対向部内の前記負極合材層上の表面全体の80%以上、100%以下の面積を占める、上記(10)に記載の二次電池。
(12)
前記非対向部は、内周側非対向部を含み、前記内周側非対向部は、前記負極芯体上に負極合材層が形成されていない内周側露出部を有し、
前記内周側露出部上の表面は、前記低摩擦領域を有する、上記(1)~(11)のいずれか1つに記載の二次電池。
Claims (12)
- 正極と、負極芯体上に負極合材層が配置された負極とが、セパレータを介して巻回された電極体を有する二次電池であって、
前記負極は、巻き始め側端部に、前記セパレータを介して前記正極と対向しない非対向部を有し、
前記非対向部上の表面は、対向する前記セパレータとの間の摩擦係数が0.4以下である低摩擦領域を有する、二次電池。 - 前記静摩擦係数は0.3以下である、請求項1に記載の二次電池。
- 前記静摩擦係数は0.05以上である、請求項1又は2に記載の二次電池。
- 前記負極は、前記非対向部上に配置された絶縁部材を含み、
前記絶縁部材の表面は、前記低摩擦領域を有する、請求項1又は2に記載の二次電池。 - 前記絶縁部材は、絶縁テープである、請求項4に記載の二次電池。
- 前記絶縁テープは、前記非対向部側から、接着剤層、基材層の順に積層された積層構造を有する、請求項5に記載の二次電池。
- 前記基材層は、フッ素樹脂を主成分として含む、請求項6に記載の二次電池。
- 前記絶縁部材は、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)及び四フッ化エチレン・六フッ化プロピレン共重合体(FEP)の少なくともいずれか一方を主成分として含む、請求項4に記載の二次電池。
- 前記絶縁部材の厚みは、0.02mm以上、0.1mm以下である、請求項4に記載の二次電池。
- 前記非対向部は、外周側非対向部及び内周側非対向部を含み、
前記外周側非対向部内の前記負極合材層上の表面及び前記内周側非対向部内の前記負極合材層上の表面のうちの少なくともいずれか一方は、前記低摩擦領域を有する、請求項1又は2に記載の二次電池。 - 前記低摩擦領域は、前記外周側非対向部内の前記負極合材層上の表面全体の80%以上、100%以下の面積を占める、請求項10に記載の二次電池。
- 前記非対向部は、内周側非対向部を含み、前記内周側非対向部は、前記負極芯体上に負極合材層が形成されていない内周側露出部を有し、
前記内周側露出部上の表面は、前記低摩擦領域を有する、請求項1又は2に記載の二次電池。
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| JP2002042859A (ja) * | 2000-07-31 | 2002-02-08 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | アルカリ二次電池及びその製造方法 |
| WO2008059806A1 (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2008-05-22 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation | Separator for lithium ion secondary battery and method for manufacturing the separator |
| WO2014157416A1 (ja) * | 2013-03-26 | 2014-10-02 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2022168456A (ja) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-11-08 | プライムプラネットエナジー&ソリューションズ株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2002042859A (ja) * | 2000-07-31 | 2002-02-08 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | アルカリ二次電池及びその製造方法 |
| WO2008059806A1 (en) * | 2006-11-14 | 2008-05-22 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation | Separator for lithium ion secondary battery and method for manufacturing the separator |
| WO2014157416A1 (ja) * | 2013-03-26 | 2014-10-02 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2022168456A (ja) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-11-08 | プライムプラネットエナジー&ソリューションズ株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
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