WO2024128191A1 - 硬化性樹脂組成物及び電子部品装置 - Google Patents
硬化性樹脂組成物及び電子部品装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024128191A1 WO2024128191A1 PCT/JP2023/044232 JP2023044232W WO2024128191A1 WO 2024128191 A1 WO2024128191 A1 WO 2024128191A1 JP 2023044232 W JP2023044232 W JP 2023044232W WO 2024128191 A1 WO2024128191 A1 WO 2024128191A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
- C08G59/32—Epoxy compounds containing three or more epoxy groups
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
- C08G59/22—Di-epoxy compounds
- C08G59/30—Di-epoxy compounds containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
- C08G59/302—Di-epoxy compounds containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen containing sulfur
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
- C08G59/32—Epoxy compounds containing three or more epoxy groups
- C08G59/38—Epoxy compounds containing three or more epoxy groups together with di-epoxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
- C08G59/62—Alcohols or phenols
- C08G59/621—Phenols
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/53—Phosphorus bound to oxygen bound to oxygen and to carbon only
- C08K5/5397—Phosphine oxides
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/541—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/544—Silicon-containing compounds containing nitrogen
- C08K5/5445—Silicon-containing compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one Si-N bond
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/548—Silicon-containing compounds containing sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/16—Solid spheres
- C08K7/18—Solid spheres inorganic
- C08K7/20—Glass
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/206—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in coating or encapsulating of electronic parts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
- C08L2312/04—Crosslinking with phenolic resin
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a curable resin composition and an electronic component device.
- these packages are mounted differently from pin insertion type packages, in that the pins of the pin insertion type packages are inserted into the wiring board, and then soldered from the back side of the wiring board, so the package is not directly exposed to high temperatures.
- surface-mounted ICs are temporarily attached to the surface of a wiring board and processed in a solder bath, reflow device, etc.
- the package is directly exposed to the soldering temperature (reflow temperature).
- reflow temperature soldering temperature
- the package has absorbed moisture
- the absorbed moisture vaporizes during reflow, and the generated vapor pressure acts as peeling stress, causing peeling between the sealing material and supporting members such as elements and lead frames, causing package cracks, poor electrical characteristics, etc. Therefore, there is a demand for the development of a sealing material that has excellent adhesion to supporting members and therefore excellent solder heat resistance (reflow resistance).
- Patent Document 1 proposes a curable resin composition containing an epoxy resin, a curing agent, a curing accelerator, an inorganic filler, and an alkoxysilane polymer having a specific structure as a sealing material having excellent reflow resistance. Furthermore, in order to improve reflow resistance, for example, the surface of the lead frame is roughened before plating to improve adhesion to the sealing material.
- the present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, and aims to provide a curable resin composition that suppresses peeling from a lead frame even when the cured product is subjected to moisture absorption under conditions of 85°C and 85% RH, and an electronic component device including an element encapsulated with this curable resin composition.
- a curable resin composition comprising a triphenylmethane type epoxy resin having at least one group selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group and an alkoxy group.
- a curable resin composition according to ⁇ 1> wherein a benzene ring contained in the triphenylmethane type epoxy resin has two or more alkyl groups.
- ⁇ 4> The curable resin composition according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3>, wherein the alkyl group includes a t-butyl group.
- ⁇ 5> The curable resin composition according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 4>, further comprising a polysiloxane-based stress relaxation agent.
- the polysiloxane-based stress relaxation agent contains a branched polysiloxane having the following structural units (a) and (b), a terminal group being at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of R 1 , a hydroxyl group, and an alkoxy group, and having an epoxy equivalent of 500 g/eq to 4000 g/eq:
- R 1 represents an unsubstituted alkyl group, alkenyl group, aryl group, or aralkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and when a plurality of R 1s are present in the branched polysiloxane, the plurality of R 1s may be the same or different.
- X represents a 2,3-epoxypropyl group, a 3,4-epoxybutyl group, a 4,5-epoxypentyl group, a 2-glycidoxyethyl group, a 3-glycidoxypropyl group, a 4-glycidoxybutyl group, a 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyl group, or a 3-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)propyl group.]
- a curable resin composition which, when cured, has an elastic modulus of 400 MPa or less at 260°C, a coefficient of linear expansion of 32 ppm/°C or more from 180°C to 200°C, and an adhesive strength of 0.45 MPa or more to Ag (silver) after treatment at 85°C and 85% RH.
- ⁇ 8> The curable resin composition according to ⁇ 7>, having a spiral flow according to EMMI-1-66 of 100 cm or more.
- ⁇ 9> The curable resin composition according to ⁇ 7> or ⁇ 8>, wherein the cured product has a hot hardness of 56 or more.
- ⁇ 10> The curable resin composition according to any one of ⁇ 7> to ⁇ 9>, having a hot strength of 3 MN/ m2 or more when cured.
- An electronic component device comprising: an element; and a cured product of the curable resin composition according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 10> that encapsulates the element.
- ⁇ 12> The electronic component device according to ⁇ 11>, further comprising a lead frame on one surface of which the element is mounted.
- ⁇ 13> The electronic component device according to ⁇ 12>, wherein the lead frame contains Ag.
- curable resin composition that prevents the cured product from peeling off from a lead frame even when the cured product is subjected to moisture absorption under conditions of 85°C and 85% RH, and an electronic component device that includes an element encapsulated with this curable resin composition.
- the numerical range indicated using “to” includes the numerical values before and after “to” as the minimum and maximum values, respectively.
- the upper or lower limit value described in one numerical range may be replaced with the upper or lower limit value of another numerical range described in a stepwise manner.
- the upper or lower limit value of the numerical range may be replaced with the value shown in the synthesis examples.
- each component may contain multiple types of corresponding compounds. When multiple substances corresponding to each component are present in the composition, the content or amount of each component means the total content or amount of the multiple substances present in the composition, unless otherwise specified.
- the particles corresponding to each component may include multiple types.
- the particle size of each component means the value for a mixture of the multiple types of particles present in the composition, unless otherwise specified.
- laminate refers to stacking layers, where two or more layers may be bonded together or two or more layers may be removable.
- groups atomic groups
- a description without specifying whether substituted or unsubstituted includes both groups having no substituents and groups having a substituent.
- the number of structural units represents an integer value for a single molecule, but represents a rational number that is an average value for an aggregate of multiple types of molecules.
- the number of carbon atoms means the total number of carbon atoms contained in an entire group, and represents the number of carbon atoms forming the skeleton of the group when the group has no substituents, and represents the total number obtained by adding the number of carbon atoms forming the skeleton of the group to the number of carbon atoms in the substituents when the group has a substituent.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is a value measured using the following GPC measuring device under the following measurement conditions, and converted using a calibration curve of standard polystyrene.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the molecular weight calculated from the chemical structure of the compound is used as the Mw, Mn, or degree of polymerization of the compound.
- the following is an example of a measuring device, and a calibration curve may be created using a 5-sample set of standard polystyrene ("PStQuick MP-H" and "PStQuick B", manufactured by Tosoh Corporation).
- GPC device High-speed GPC device "HCL-8320GPC", detector is differential refractometer or UV, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation Column: Column TSKgel SuperMultipore HZ-H (column length: 15 cm, column inner diameter: 4.6 mm), manufactured by Tosoh Corporation (measurement conditions) Solvent: Tetrahydrofuran (THF) Measurement temperature: 40°C Flow rate: 0.35 mL/min Sample concentration: 10 mg/5 mL THF Injection volume: 20 ⁇ L
- the first curable resin composition of the present disclosure contains a triphenylmethane type epoxy resin having at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group and an alkoxy group.
- a triphenylmethane type epoxy resin having at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group and an alkoxy group is also referred to as a "specific triphenylmethane type epoxy resin.”
- the first curable resin composition of the present disclosure is suppressed from peeling off from the lead frame even when the curing agent is subjected to moisture absorption under conditions of 85° C. and 85% RH.
- the reason why the first curable resin composition of the present disclosure exhibits the above-mentioned effect is not clear, but is presumed to be as follows.
- triphenylmethane type epoxy resin has at least one selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups and alkoxy groups
- the monomer becomes bulky and the molecular weight of the monomer increases, resulting in a polymer with a wide intermolecular distance and low crosslink density after polymerization. This results in fewer molecules per unit volume, and the molecules are easily dissolved when tensile stress is applied, so a decrease in the elastic modulus of the cured product of the curable resin composition and an increase in the linear expansion coefficient are expected.
- the stress (a combination of strain, elastic modulus, linear expansion difference, and temperature difference) caused by the linear expansion difference between the support members is reduced and can be reduced to below the adhesive strength of the resin, preventing the cured product of the curable resin composition from peeling off from the support member. It is presumed that this will also improve reflow resistance.
- the second curable resin composition of the present disclosure contains a triphenylmethane type epoxy resin having at least one group selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group and an alkoxy group, and a polysiloxane-based stress relaxation agent.
- the second curable resin composition of the present disclosure is suppressed from peeling off from the lead frame even when the curing agent is subjected to moisture absorption under conditions of 85° C. and 85% RH.
- the reason why the second curable resin composition of the present disclosure exhibits the above-mentioned effect is not clear, but is presumed to be as follows.
- the expected effect of using the specific triphenylmethane type epoxy resin is as described in the first curable resin composition.
- a polysiloxane-based stress relaxation agent it is possible to reduce the occurrence of warpage and cracks when the curable resin composition is cured, and the peeling of the cured product from the support member is effectively suppressed.
- the third curable resin composition of the present disclosure has, when cured, an elastic modulus of 400 MPa or less at 260°C, a coefficient of linear expansion of 32 ppm/°C or more from 180°C to 200°C, and an adhesive strength of the cured product to Ag (silver) after treatment at 85°C and 85% RH of 0.45 MPa or more.
- the third curable resin composition of the present disclosure is suppressed from peeling off from the lead frame even when the curing agent is subjected to moisture absorption under conditions of 85° C. and 85% RH.
- the reason why the third curable resin composition of the present disclosure exhibits the above-mentioned effect is not clear, but is presumed to be as follows.
- the cured product has an elastic modulus of 400 MPa or less at 260° C.
- the distortion stress between the lead frame and the cured product during reflow treatment is small, and peeling from the lead frame is suppressed.
- the smaller the linear expansion coefficient the more likely it was to suppress peeling from the lead frame.
- a linear expansion coefficient of the cured product at 180°C to 200°C of 32 ppm/°C or more is effective in suppressing peeling from the lead frame.
- the elastic modulus at 260° C. of the cured product of the third curable resin composition is 400 MPa or less, preferably 390 MPa or less, and more preferably 380 MPa or less. From the viewpoint of protecting the chip from external forces, the elastic modulus at 260° C. is preferably 80 MPa or more, more preferably 100 MPa or more, even more preferably 120 MPa or more, and particularly preferably 170 MPa or more.
- the elastic modulus of the cured product of the curable resin composition is measured using a viscoelasticity measuring device (e.g., RSAIII, manufactured by TA Instruments) at a span distance of 40 mm and a frequency of 1 Hz, by heating from 20°C to 300°C at a rate of 5°C/min using the three-point bending method, and the elastic modulus at 260°C is obtained.
- the cured product is prepared using the method described for the linear expansion coefficient.
- the cured product used has a rectangular shape with short sides of 5.1 mm, long sides of 20 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm.
- the linear expansion coefficient of the cured product of the third curable resin composition at 180°C to 200°C is 32 ppm/°C or more, preferably 34 ppm/°C or more, and more preferably 36 ppm/°C or more.
- the upper limit of the linear expansion coefficient is preferably 60 ppm/°C or less, more preferably 55 ppm/°C or less, even more preferably 50 ppm/°C or less, and particularly preferably 42 ppm/°C or less.
- the linear expansion coefficient is the slope of the tangent at 180°C to 200°C when the distortion of the cured product is plotted against the temperature by thermal mechanical analysis (TMA) based on JIS K 7197:2012.
- the test load is 5 g and the heating rate is 5°C/min.
- the linear expansion coefficient can be measured using a thermomechanical analyzer (for example, TMA/SS6100 manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc.).
- the cured product is produced by molding the curable resin composition using a transfer molding machine under conditions of a mold temperature of 175° C., a molding pressure of 6.9 MPa, and a curing time of 90 seconds, and then post-curing for 5 hours at 175° C.
- the cured product has a rectangular shape with short sides of 5.1 mm, long sides of 20 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm.
- the adhesive strength of the cured product of the third curable resin composition to Ag is 0.45 MPa or more, preferably 0.50 MPa or more, and more preferably 0.55 MPa or more. There is no particular upper limit to the adhesive strength.
- a sample is first prepared by applying the curable resin composition onto an Ag substrate, curing the composition at 175°C for a curing time of 120 seconds, and then post-curing at 175°C for 5 hours.
- the cured product of the sample has a shape of a short side of 3.0 mm, a long side of 3.5 mm, and a thickness of 2.9 mm.
- This sample is heated at 85°C and 85% RH for 168 hours, and then a shear strength test is performed using a bond tester device (e.g., Nordson, product name 4000 Optima) at 260°C, in which the tool of the device is applied to the cured product to measure the adhesive strength.
- a bond tester device e.g., Nordson, product name 4000 Optima
- the first to third curable resin compositions are collectively referred to as the curable resin compositions of the present disclosure.
- the first and second curable resin compositions of the present disclosure contain a specific triphenylmethane type epoxy resin.
- the third curable resin composition preferably contains an epoxy resin.
- the epoxy resin may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.
- At least one of the epoxy resins is preferably a specific triphenylmethane type epoxy resin.
- the specific triphenylmethane type epoxy resin has at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group and an alkoxy group, and preferably has an alkyl group.
- the specific triphenylmethane type epoxy resin may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the alkyl group in the specific triphenylmethane type epoxy resin preferably has a carbon number of 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 16, and even more preferably 1 to 10.
- the alkyl group may be linear, branched, or cyclic, but at least one of the alkyl groups is preferably branched and preferably contains a t-butyl group.
- the alkoxy group of the specific triphenylmethane type epoxy resin preferably has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 16 carbon atoms, and even more preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- the alkoxy group may be linear, branched, or cyclic.
- the benzene ring contained in the specific triphenylmethane type epoxy resin preferably has two or more alkyl groups, and more preferably the benzene ring contained in the main chain has two or more alkyl groups. At least one of the two or more alkyl groups contained in the benzene ring is preferably a branched alkyl group, and the branched alkyl group is preferably arranged at the ortho position with respect to the glycidyloxy group.
- the specific triphenylmethane type epoxy resin may be an epoxy resin represented by the following formula (1):
- each R independently represents an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, each i independently represents an integer from 1 to 3, and each k independently represents an integer from 0 to 4.
- n is an average value and is a number from 0 to 10.
- alkyl group and alkoxy group represented by R examples include those explained above.
- i represents an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 2 or 3, and more preferably 2.
- at least one of R represented by the subscript i is preferably a branched alkyl group, more preferably a combination of a branched alkyl group and a linear alkyl group, for example, a combination of a t-butyl group and a methyl group.
- the t-butyl group and the methyl group may be located at any position on the benzene ring, but the t-butyl group is preferably located at the ortho position relative to the glycidyloxy group.
- the positional relationship between the t-butyl group and the methyl group may be any, and they may be located at any of the ortho position, meta position, and para position.
- Each k independently represents an integer of 0 to 4, and is preferably 0.
- a specific example of a specific triphenylmethane type epoxy resin is an epoxy resin represented by the following formula (2).
- t-Bu represents a t-butyl group.
- n is an average value and represents a number from 0 to 10.
- the curable resin composition of the present disclosure may contain other epoxy resins besides the specific triphenylmethane type epoxy resin.
- the other epoxy resin is not particularly limited in type as long as it has two or more epoxy groups in one molecule. Specific examples of the other epoxy resin are described below, but are not limited thereto.
- novolac type epoxy resins (phenol novolac type epoxy resins, orthocresol novolac type epoxy resins, etc.) are obtained by epoxidizing novolac resins obtained by condensing or co-condensing at least one phenolic compound selected from the group consisting of phenolic compounds such as phenol, cresol, xylenol, resorcin, catechol, bisphenol A, bisphenol F, etc., and naphthol compounds such as ⁇ -naphthol, ⁇ -naphthol, dihydroxynaphthalene, etc., with an aliphatic aldehyde compound such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, etc., under an acid catalyst; triphenylmethane type epoxy resins ( However, specific triphenylmethane type epoxy resins are excluded); copolymer type epoxy resins obtained by epoxidizing novolak resins obtained by co-condensing the
- glycidyl ester type epoxy resins glycidyl ester type epoxy resins; glycidylamine type epoxy resins in which active hydrogen attached to nitrogen atoms of aniline, diaminodiphenylmethane, isocyanuric acid, etc. is replaced with a glycidyl group; dicyclopentadiene type epoxy resins in which a co-condensed resin of dicyclopentadiene and a phenol compound is epoxidized; alicyclic epoxy resins such as vinylcyclohexene diepoxide, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, and 2-(3,4-epoxy)cyclohexyl-5,5-spiro(3,4-epoxy)cyclohexane-m-dioxane in which an olefin bond in a molecule is epoxidized; paraxylylene-modified epoxy
- epoxy resins it is preferable to include a biphenyl type epoxy resin from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the curable resin composition of the present disclosure to the lead frame and the balance between heat resistance and fluidity.
- the biphenyl-type epoxy resin is not particularly limited as long as it is an epoxy resin having a biphenyl skeleton.
- an epoxy resin represented by the following general formula (II) is preferred.
- R 8 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an aromatic group having 4 to 18 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different from each other.
- n represents an average value and is a number from 0 to 10.
- stilbene-type epoxy resin there are no particular limitations on the stilbene-type epoxy resin, so long as it is an epoxy resin having a stilbene skeleton.
- an epoxy resin represented by the following general formula (III) is preferred.
- R 9 and R 10 each represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different from each other.
- n represents an average value and is a number from 0 to 10.
- the diphenylmethane type epoxy resin is not particularly limited as long as it is an epoxy resin having a diphenylmethane skeleton.
- an epoxy resin represented by the following general formula (IV) is preferred.
- R 11 and R 12 each represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different from each other.
- n represents an average value and is a number from 0 to 10.
- the sulfur-containing epoxy resin is not particularly limited as long as it is an epoxy resin that contains a sulfur atom.
- an epoxy resin represented by the following general formula (V) can be mentioned.
- R 13 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different from each other.
- n represents an average value and is a number from 0 to 10.
- the novolac epoxy resin is not particularly limited as long as it is an epoxy resin obtained by epoxidizing a novolac phenolic resin.
- an epoxy resin represented by the following general formula (VI) can be used.
- R 14 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different.
- R 15 represents a monovalent organic group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different.
- Each i independently represents an integer of 0 to 3.
- n is an average value and represents a number of 0 to 10.
- the dicyclopentadiene type epoxy resin is not particularly limited as long as it is an epoxy resin obtained by epoxidizing a compound having a dicyclopentadiene skeleton as a raw material.
- an epoxy resin represented by the following general formula (VII) can be mentioned.
- R 16 represents a monovalent organic group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different from each other.
- Each i independently represents an integer of 0 to 3.
- n is an average value and represents a number of 0 to 10.
- triphenylmethane type epoxy resins besides the specific triphenylmethane type epoxy resins include triphenylmethane type epoxy resins that do not have alkyl groups or alkoxy groups.
- the copolymerized epoxy resin obtained by epoxidizing a novolak resin obtained from a naphthol compound, a phenol compound, and an aldehyde compound is not particularly limited as long as it is an epoxy resin made from a compound having a naphthol skeleton and a compound having a phenol skeleton.
- an epoxy resin represented by the following general formula (IX) can be mentioned.
- R 19 to R 21 represent monovalent organic groups having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different.
- Each i is independently an integer of 0 to 3
- each j is independently an integer of 0 to 2
- each k is independently an integer of 0 to 4.
- Each l and m is an average value and a number of 0 to 10, and (l+m) represents a number of 0 to 10.
- the terminal of the epoxy resin represented by formula (IX) is either one of the following formulas (IX-1) or (IX-2).
- R 19 to R 21 , i, j, and k are the same as the definitions of R 19 to R 21 , i, j, and k in formula (IX).
- n is 1 (when bonded via a methylene group) or 0 (when not bonded via a methylene group).
- the epoxy resin represented by the above general formula (IX) may be a random copolymer containing l structural units and m structural units arranged randomly, an alternating copolymer containing them alternately, a copolymer containing them regularly, or a block copolymer containing them in a block form. Any one of these may be used alone, or two or more may be used in combination.
- n and m are each an average value and a number from 0 to 10
- (n+m) is a number from 0 to 10
- n and m are each an average value and a number from 1 to 9
- (n+m) is a number from 2 to 10.
- the aralkyl type epoxy resin is not particularly limited as long as it is an epoxy resin made from a phenolic resin synthesized from at least one selected from the group consisting of phenolic compounds such as phenol and cresol, and naphthol compounds such as naphthol and dimethylnaphthol, and dimethoxyparaxylene, bis(methoxymethyl)biphenyl, or a derivative thereof.
- an epoxy resin obtained by glycidyl etherifying a phenolic resin synthesized from at least one selected from the group consisting of phenolic compounds such as phenol and cresol, and naphthol compounds such as naphthol and dimethylnaphthol, and dimethoxyparaxylene, bis(methoxymethyl)biphenyl, or a derivative thereof is preferred, and epoxy resins represented by the following general formulas (X) and (XI) are more preferred.
- R 38 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different.
- R 37 , R 39 to R 41 represent a monovalent organic group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different.
- Each i is independently an integer of 0 to 3
- each j is independently an integer of 0 to 2
- each k is independently an integer of 0 to 4
- each l is independently an integer of 0 to 4.
- Each n is an average value, and is independently a number of 0 to 10.
- R 8 to R 21 and R 37 to R 41 in the above general formulas (II) to (VII), (IX) to (XI), "each may be the same or different” means, for example, that all 8 to 88 R 8s in formula (II) may be the same or different.
- the other R 9 to R 21 and R 37 to R 41 also mean that the respective numbers contained in the formula may all be the same or different.
- R 8 to R 21 and R 37 to R 41 may each be the same or different.
- all R 9s and R 10s may be the same or different.
- the monovalent organic group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms in the general formulae (III) to (VII) and (IX) to (XI) is preferably an alkyl group or an aryl group.
- n is an average value, and each is preferably independently in the range of 0 to 10. If n is 10 or less, the melt viscosity of the resin component does not become too high, the viscosity of the curable resin composition during melt molding decreases, and the occurrence of filling defects, deformation of the bonding wire (gold wire connecting the element and the lead), etc. tends to be suppressed. It is more preferable that n is set in the range of 0 to 4.
- the epoxy equivalent of the other epoxy resin is not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of the balance of various properties such as moldability, heat resistance, and electrical reliability, the epoxy equivalent of the other epoxy resin is preferably 40 g/eq to 1000 g/eq, more preferably 45 g/eq to 500 g/eq, and even more preferably 50 g/eq to 350 g/eq.
- the epoxy equivalent of other epoxy resins is a value measured by a method in accordance with JIS K 7236:2009.
- the other epoxy resin may be a solid or a liquid at 25° C.
- the softening point or melting point of the epoxy resin is not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of the balance between moldability and heat resistance, the softening point or melting point of the other epoxy resin is preferably 40° C. to 180° C. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of handleability during the production of the curable resin composition, the softening point or melting point of the epoxy resin is preferably 50° C. to 130° C.
- the softening point refers to a value measured by the ring and ball method of JIS K 7234:1986.
- the melting point refers to a value measured in accordance with the visual observation method of JIS K 0064:1992.
- the Mw of the other epoxy resins is preferably 550 to 1050, and more preferably 650 to 950.
- the proportion of the specific triphenylmethane type epoxy resin relative to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of epoxy resin in the curable resin composition is preferably 15 parts by mass or more, more preferably 20 parts by mass or more, and even more preferably 25 parts by mass or more. There is no particular upper limit to the proportion, but it may be 95 parts by mass or less, 90 parts by mass or less, or 85 parts by mass or less.
- the total content of epoxy resin in the curable resin composition is preferably 0.5% by mass to 60% by mass, more preferably 2% by mass to 50% by mass, and even more preferably 3% by mass to 45% by mass, from the viewpoints of strength, fluidity, heat resistance, moldability, etc.
- the curable resin composition of the present disclosure preferably contains a curing agent.
- the type of the curing agent is not particularly limited and can be selected from those generally used as components of curable resin compositions.
- the curing agent may be used alone or in combination of two or more types.
- a curing agent is required to have a structure that can react with the epoxy resin contained in the curable resin composition and cure the curable resin composition, and even a compound that is contained in a small amount and contributes little to the curing reaction of the curable resin composition is considered to be included in the curing agent.
- the curing agent examples include a phenol-based curing agent, an amine-based curing agent, an acid anhydride-based curing agent, a polymercaptan-based curing agent, a polyaminoamide-based curing agent, an isocyanate-based curing agent, and a blocked isocyanate-based curing agent.
- the curing agent is preferably a phenol-based curing agent or an amine-based curing agent.
- the curing agent is preferably a phenol-based curing agent.
- phenol-based hardeners include phenol resins and polyhydric phenol compounds having two or more phenolic hydroxyl groups in one molecule.
- polyhydric phenol compounds such as resorcin, catechol, bisphenol A, bisphenol F, and substituted or unsubstituted biphenol; novolac-type phenol resins obtained by condensing or co-condensing at least one phenolic compound selected from the group consisting of phenolic compounds such as phenol, cresol, xylenol, resorcin, catechol, bisphenol A, bisphenol F, phenylphenol, and aminophenol, and naphthol compounds such as ⁇ -naphthol, ⁇ -naphthol, and dihydroxynaphthalene, with an aldehyde compound such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, or propionaldehyde, under an acid catalyst; phenolic compounds synthesized from the above-mentioned phenolic
- aralkyl-type phenolic resins examples include phenol aralkyl resins and naphthol aralkyl resins, which are synthesized from phenolic compounds and dimethoxy-para-xylene, bis(methoxymethyl)biphenyl, etc.
- the aralkyl-type phenolic resins may be further copolymerized with other phenolic resins.
- copolymerized aralkyl-type phenolic resins examples include copolymerized phenolic resins of triphenylmethane-type phenolic resins and aralkyl-type phenolic resins, copolymerized phenolic resins of salicylaldehyde-type phenolic resins and aralkyl-type phenolic resins, and copolymerized phenolic resins of novolac-type phenolic resins and aralkyl-type phenolic resins.
- the aralkyl phenolic resin is not particularly limited as long as it is a phenolic resin synthesized from at least one selected from the group consisting of phenolic compounds and naphthol compounds, and dimethoxy-para-xylene, bis(methoxymethyl)biphenyl, or a derivative thereof.
- phenolic resins represented by the following general formulas (XII) to (XIV) are preferred.
- R 23 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different.
- R 22 , R 24 , R 25 and R 28 represent a monovalent organic group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different.
- R 26 and R 27 represent a hydroxyl group or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different.
- Each i is independently an integer of 0 to 3
- each j is independently an integer of 0 to 2
- each k is independently an integer of 0 to 4
- each p is independently an integer of 0 to 4.
- Each n is an average value, and is independently a number of 0 to 10.
- the aralkyl phenol resin is preferably a phenol resin represented by general formula (XIII). From the viewpoint of adhesion to the lead frame and heat resistance of the curable resin composition of the present disclosure, it is preferable that i and k in general formula (XIII) are both 0.
- the dicyclopentadiene-type phenolic resin is not particularly limited as long as it is a phenolic resin obtained from a compound having a dicyclopentadiene skeleton as a raw material.
- it is a phenolic resin represented by the following general formula (XV).
- R 29 represents a monovalent organic group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different from each other.
- Each i independently represents an integer of 0 to 3.
- n is an average value and represents a number of 0 to 10.
- triphenylmethane type phenolic resin there are no particular limitations on the triphenylmethane type phenolic resin, so long as it is a phenolic resin obtained using an aromatic aldehyde compound as a raw material.
- a phenolic resin represented by the following general formula (XVI) is preferred.
- R 30 and R 31 each represent a monovalent organic group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and may be the same or different.
- Each i is independently an integer of 0 to 3
- each k is independently an integer of 0 to 4.
- n is an average value and is a number of 0 to 10.
- the copolymerized phenolic resin of triphenylmethane type phenolic resin and aralkyl type phenolic resin is not particularly limited as long as it is a copolymerized phenolic resin of aralkyl type phenolic resin and a phenolic resin obtained by using a compound having a benzaldehyde skeleton as a raw material.
- a phenolic resin represented by the following general formula (XVII) is preferred.
- R 32 to R 34 represent a monovalent organic group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and may be the same or different.
- Each i is independently an integer of 0 to 3
- each k is independently an integer of 0 to 4
- each q is independently an integer of 0 to 5.
- Each l and m is an average value and each is independently a number of 1 to 11.
- the novolac-type phenolic resin is not particularly limited as long as it is a phenolic resin obtained by condensing or co-condensing at least one phenolic compound selected from the group consisting of phenol compounds and naphthol compounds with an aldehyde compound under an acid catalyst.
- a phenolic resin represented by the following general formula (XVIII) is preferred.
- R 35 represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different.
- R 36 represents a monovalent organic group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and may be the same or different.
- Each i independently represents an integer of 0 to 3.
- n is an average value and represents a number of 0 to 10.
- R 22 to R 36 may be the same or different in the above general formulas (XII) to (XVIII) means that, for example, all of the i R 22s in formula (XII) may be the same or different from each other.
- the other R 23 to R 36 in the formula may also be the same or different from each other in terms of the number of each of them.
- R 22 to R 36 may be the same or different from each other.
- R 22 and R 23 may be the same or different from each other
- R 30 and R 31 may be the same or different from each other.
- n is preferably in the range of 0 to 10. If it is 10 or less, the melt viscosity of the resin component will not be too high, and the viscosity of the curable resin composition during melt molding will also be low, making it less likely that filling defects, deformation of the bonding wire (gold wire connecting the element and the lead), etc. will occur.
- the average n in one molecule is preferably set in the range of 0 to 4.
- amine-based hardeners include aliphatic amine compounds such as diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, n-propylamine, 2-hydroxyethylaminopropylamine, cyclohexylamine, and 4,4'-diamino-dicyclohexylmethane; aromatic amine compounds such as diethyltoluenediamine, 3,3'-diethyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, dimethylthiotoluenediamine, and 2-methylaniline; imidazole compounds such as imidazole, 2-methylimidazole, 2-ethylimidazole, and 2-isopropylimidazole; and imidazoline compounds such as imidazoline, 2-methylimidazoline, and 2-ethylimidazoline.
- aromatic amine compounds such as diethyltoluenediamine, 3,3'-diethyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenyl
- the functional group equivalent of the curing agent (hydroxyl group equivalent in the case of a phenol-based curing agent, active hydrogen equivalent in the case of an amine-based curing agent) is not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of the balance of various properties such as moldability, heat resistance, and electrical reliability, it is preferably 10 g/eq to 1000 g/eq, and more preferably 30 g/eq to 500 g/eq.
- the hydroxyl equivalent in the case of a phenol-based curing agent refers to a value calculated based on a hydroxyl value measured in accordance with JIS K 0070: 1992.
- the active hydrogen equivalent in the case of an amine-based curing agent refers to a value calculated based on an amine value measured in accordance with JIS K 7237: 1995.
- the softening point or melting point of the curing agent is preferably 40°C to 180°C. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of handleability during the production of the curable resin composition, the softening point or melting point of the curing agent is preferably 50°C to 130°C.
- the equivalent ratio of the phenolic hydroxyl groups (active hydrogen) of the phenol-based curing agent to the epoxy groups of the epoxy resin in the curable resin composition is not particularly limited, and can be, for example, 0.5 to 1.2, or alternatively 0.5 to 1.0, or alternatively 0.55 to 0.9, or alternatively 0.6 to 0.8.
- the equivalent ratio is 0.5 or more and less than 1.0, the adhesion between the cured product of the curable resin composition and the support member tends to be improved. Although the reason for this is not clear, the value of tan ⁇ near the reflow temperature can be increased, and the internal stress of the cured resin during reflow tends to be alleviated.
- the content of the phenol-based curing agent relative to the total mass of the curing agent is preferably 50% by mass to 100% by mass, more preferably 60% by mass to 100% by mass, and even more preferably 70% by mass to 100% by mass.
- the content of the aralkyl-type phenolic resin relative to the total mass of the phenol-based curing agent is more preferably 60% by mass to 100% by mass, and even more preferably 70% by mass to 100% by mass.
- the curable resin composition of the present disclosure may contain an inorganic filler.
- the curable resin composition contains an inorganic filler, the moisture absorption of the curable resin composition is reduced, and the strength in the cured state tends to be improved.
- the curable resin composition is used as an encapsulant for a semiconductor package, it is preferable that the curable resin composition contains an inorganic filler.
- the inorganic material constituting the inorganic filler is not particularly limited.
- Specific examples of the inorganic material include spherical silica, crystalline silica, glass, alumina, calcium carbonate, zirconium silicate, calcium silicate, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, aluminum nitride, boehmite, beryllia, magnesium oxide, zirconia, zircon, fosterite, steatite, spinel, mullite, titania, talc, clay, mica, and titanates.
- An inorganic filler made of an inorganic material having a flame retardant effect may be used, such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, composite metal hydroxides such as a composite hydroxide of magnesium and zinc, and zinc borate.
- the inorganic fillers may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.
- the shape of the inorganic filler is not particularly limited, and examples include powder, spheres, fibers, etc. From the viewpoints of fluidity during molding of the curable resin composition and mold wear, a spherical shape is preferable.
- the average particle size of the inorganic filler is not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of the balance between the viscosity, filling property, and the like of the curable resin composition, the volume average particle size of the inorganic filler is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.3 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, and further preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m.
- the volume average particle diameter of the inorganic filler can be measured as a volume average particle diameter (D50) by a laser diffraction scattering particle size distribution measuring device.
- the particle size of the inorganic filler may be top cut, may be top cut at 100 ⁇ m or less, may be top cut at 75 ⁇ m or less, or may be top cut at 53 ⁇ m or less.
- the top cut particle size can be determined from the particle size distribution when the above volume average particle size (D50) is measured.
- the content thereof is not particularly limited.
- the content of the inorganic filler relative to the entire curable resin composition is preferably 30% by mass to 90% by mass, more preferably 35% by mass to 80% by mass, and further preferably 40% by mass to 70% by mass.
- the properties of the cured product such as the thermal expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity, and elastic modulus, tend to be further improved.
- the content of the inorganic filler is 90% by mass or less of the entire curable resin composition, an increase in the viscosity of the curable resin composition is suppressed, and the flowability is further improved, tending to result in better moldability.
- the content of the inorganic filler in the entire curable resin composition is preferably 68 vol % to 86 vol %, more preferably 70 vol % to 84 vol %, and even more preferably 72 vol % to 82 vol %.
- the properties of the cured product such as the thermal expansion coefficient, thermal conductivity, and elastic modulus, tend to be further improved.
- the content of the inorganic filler is 86% by volume or less of the entire curable resin composition, an increase in the viscosity of the curable resin composition is suppressed, and the flowability is further improved, tending to result in better moldability.
- the curable resin composition of the present disclosure may contain a curing accelerator.
- the type of the curing accelerator is not particularly limited and can be selected according to the type of epoxy resin, the desired properties of the curable resin composition, and the like.
- the curing accelerator may be used alone or in combination of two or more types. Specific examples of the curing accelerator are described below, but are not limited thereto.
- the curing accelerator examples include diazabicycloalkenes such as 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]nonene-5 (DBN) and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undecene-7 (DBU), cyclic amidine compounds such as 2-methylimidazole, 2-phenylimidazole, 2-phenyl-4-methylimidazole, and 2-heptadecylimidazole; derivatives of the cyclic amidine compounds; phenol novolac salts of the cyclic amidine compounds or their derivatives; and the above compounds, when combined with maleic anhydride, 1,4-benzoquinone, quinone compounds such as 2,5-toluquinone, 1,4-naphthoquinone, 2,3-dimethylbenzoquinone, 2,6-dimethylbenzoquinone, 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone, 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquino
- the content of the curing accelerator is preferably 0.1% by mass to 8% by mass, more preferably 0.3% by mass to 7% by mass, and even more preferably 0.5% by mass to 6% by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the epoxy resin and the curing agent.
- the curing speed of the curable resin composition of the present disclosure becomes an appropriate numerical value, making it easy to manufacture molded products.
- a second curable resin composition of the present disclosure includes a polysiloxane-based stress relaxation agent.
- the polysiloxane-based stress relaxation agent may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.
- the polysiloxane-based stress relaxation agent may be in any form such as solid, liquid, rubber particles, etc. at 25° C.
- the polysiloxane-based stress relaxation agent may contain a polymer portion other than the polysiloxane skeleton, such as a methyl methacrylate-silicone copolymer, so long as it contains a polysiloxane skeleton.
- Polysiloxane-based stress relaxation agents include those containing methyl and phenyl groups, those containing epoxy groups, those containing amino groups, and those modified with polyether.
- the polysiloxane-based stress relaxation agent is preferably a polysiloxane having an epoxy group, a polyether-based polysiloxane, etc.
- polyether-based polysiloxane is preferred from the viewpoint of preventing peeling of the cured product from the lead frame.
- the polyether-based polysiloxane is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound in which a polyether group is introduced into silicone, which is a polymeric compound having a main skeleton formed by siloxane bonds.
- the polyether-based polysiloxane may be a side-chain-modified polyether-based polysiloxane or a terminal-modified polyether-based polysiloxane.
- the polyether-based polysiloxane is preferably a side-chain-modified polyether-based polysiloxane from the viewpoint of suppressing poor appearance of the cured product.
- polyether-based polysiloxane is an epoxy-polyether-based polysiloxane, which is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound in which a polyether group and an epoxy group are introduced into silicone, which is a polymeric compound having a main skeleton formed by siloxane bonds.
- the epoxy polyether polysiloxane may be a side-chain modified epoxy polyether polysiloxane, a terminal modified epoxy polyether polysiloxane, or a side-chain and terminal modified epoxy polyether polysiloxane.
- the main skeleton of the epoxy polyether polysiloxane is preferably polydimethylsiloxane.
- the polyether group is preferably a polyether group in which one or both of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide are polymerized.
- the epoxy-polyether-based polysiloxane is preferably a side-chain-modified epoxy-polyether-based polysiloxane in which a polyether group (preferably a polyether group in which one or both of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide are polymerized) and an epoxy group are each present in the side chain of silicone (preferably polydimethylsiloxane).
- the polysiloxane-based stress relaxation agent may contain a branched polysiloxane having the following structural units (a) and (b), a terminal group which is at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of R 1 , a hydroxyl group, and an alkoxy group, and an epoxy equivalent of 500 g/eq to 4000 g/eq.
- branched polysiloxane having structural units (a) and (b), a terminal group which is at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of R 1 , a hydroxyl group, and an alkoxy group, and an epoxy equivalent of 500 g/eq to 4000 g/eq will also be referred to as "specific branched polysiloxane”.
- R 1 represents an unsubstituted alkyl group, alkenyl group, aryl group, or aralkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and when a plurality of R 1 are present in the branched polysiloxane, the plurality of R 1 may be the same or different.
- X represents a 2,3-epoxypropyl group, a 3,4-epoxybutyl group, a 4,5-epoxypentyl group, a 2-glycidoxyethyl group, a 3-glycidoxypropyl group, a 4-glycidoxybutyl group, a 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyl group, or a 3-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)propyl group.
- R1 represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, or an aralkyl group.
- alkyl group represented by R1 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, an isopropyl group, an isobutyl group, a t-butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group, and a 2-ethylhexyl group.
- Examples of the alkenyl group represented by R1 include an alkyl group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a butenyl group, a pentenyl group, and a hexenyl group.
- Examples of the aryl group represented by R1 include a phenyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, a naphthyl group, and a biphenyl group.
- Examples of the aralkyl group represented by R1 include a benzyl group and a phenethyl group. Of these, R 1 is preferably a methyl group or a phenyl group.
- X represents a 2,3-epoxypropyl group, a 3,4-epoxybutyl group, a 4,5-epoxypentyl group, a 2-glycidoxyethyl group, a 3-glycidoxypropyl group, a 4-glycidoxybutyl group, a 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyl group, or a 3-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)propyl group, of which the 3-glycidoxypropyl group is preferred.
- the terminal of the specific branched polysiloxane is at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of the above-mentioned R 1 , a hydroxyl group, and an alkoxy group.
- the epoxy equivalent of the specific branched polysiloxane is in the range of 500 g/eq to 4000 g/eq, and preferably 1000 g/eq to 2500 g/eq. If the epoxy equivalent of the specific branched polysiloxane is 500 g/eq or more, the fluidity of the curable resin composition tends to improve, and if it is 4000 g/eq or less, the exudation to the surface when the cured product is formed tends to be suppressed, and the moldability tends to be excellent.
- the specific branched polysiloxane further contains the following structural unit (c):
- R 1 in the structural unit (c) is selected from substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and a plurality of R 1 may be the same or different.
- Examples of the hydrocarbon group represented by R 1 in the structural unit (c) include the groups exemplified as R 1 in the structural units (a) and (b).
- the specific branched polysiloxane may be a block copolymer or a random copolymer, and is preferably a random copolymer.
- the softening point of the specific branched polysiloxane is preferably 40°C to 120°C, and more preferably 50°C to 100°C. If the softening point of the specific branched polysiloxane is 40°C or higher, the mechanical strength of the curable resin composition when cured tends to improve, and if it is 120°C or lower, the dispersibility of the specific branched polysiloxane in the curable resin composition tends to be excellent.
- Methods for adjusting the softening point of the specific branched polysiloxane include appropriately setting the molecular weight of the specific branched polysiloxane, the content ratio of the structural units (a) to (c), the type of silicon-bonded organic group, and the like. From the viewpoint of the dispersibility of the specific branched polysiloxane in the curable resin composition and the fluidity of the curable resin composition, it is preferable to adjust the softening point by adjusting the content of aryl groups in the specific branched polysiloxane.
- aryl groups include phenyl groups, tolyl groups, xylyl groups, naphthyl groups, and biphenyl groups, with phenyl groups being more preferable.
- the content of phenyl groups in the monovalent organic groups bonded to silicon atoms in the specific branched polysiloxane is preferably 60 mol% to 99 mol%, and more preferably 70 mol% to 85 mol%.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the specific branched polysiloxane is a value measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and converted using a standard polystyrene calibration curve, and is preferably 1,000 to 30,000, more preferably 2,000 to 20,000, and even more preferably 3,000 to 10,000.
- the specific branched polysiloxane can be obtained by the manufacturing method shown below, and may also be obtained as a commercially available product.
- the specific branched polysiloxane can be produced by any known method without any particular restrictions.
- organochlorosilane, organoalkoxysilane, siloxane, or a partial hydrolysis condensate thereof capable of forming the above (a) to (c) units by hydrolysis condensation reaction can be mixed in a mixed solution of an organic solvent capable of dissolving the raw materials and reaction products and an amount of water capable of hydrolyzing all the hydrolyzable groups of the raw materials, and then subjected to a hydrolysis condensation reaction to obtain the specific branched polysiloxane.
- organoalkoxysilane and/or siloxane as the raw material in order to reduce the amount of chlorine contained as an impurity in the curable resin composition.
- Organoalkoxysilanes and/or siloxanes that are used as raw materials for specific branched polysiloxanes include methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, methylphenyldimethoxysilane, methylvinyldimethoxysilane, phenylvinyldimethoxysilane, diphenyldimethoxysilane, methylphenyldiethoxysilane, methylvinyldiethoxysilane, phenylvinyldiethoxysilane, diphenyldiethoxysilane, tetramethoxysilane,
- the total content of the polysiloxane-based stress relaxation agent is preferably 3 to 50 parts by mass, more preferably 4 to 45 parts by mass, and even more preferably 5 to 40 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the resin component (total amount of epoxy resin and hardener).
- the second curable resin composition of the present disclosure may contain a stress relaxation agent other than the polysiloxane-based stress relaxation agent.
- stress relaxation agents include thermoplastic elastomers such as styrene-based, olefin-based, urethane-based, polyester-based, polyether-based, polyamide-based, and polybutadiene-based elastomers, natural rubber (NR), acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer (NBR), acrylic rubber, urethane rubber, methyl methacrylate-styrene-butadiene copolymer (MBS), methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate copolymer, triphenylphosphine, coumarone resin, and rubber particles having a core-shell structure using these.
- the other stress relaxation agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more types.
- the above stress relaxation agent may be a commercially available product or a synthesized product.
- commercially available products include polysiloxane-based stress relaxation agents and specific branched polysiloxane-based stress relaxation agents such as 217Flake, 233Flake, 249Flake, 220Flake, SH6018, and AY42-119 (all from Dow-Toray Industries, Inc.), KR-480 (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), and SRK-200A (Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation).
- Butadiene-based and acrylic-based stress relaxation agents include U Powder (Unitika Ltd.), CTBN1008SP and CTBN1009SP (UBE Ltd.), JP200 (Nippon Soda Co., Ltd.), and BTA-751 (Dow Chemical Company).
- Polyether-based stress relief agents include FZ-3711, FZ-3720, and FZ-3730 (Dow Chemical Company).
- the content of the polysiloxane-based stress relaxation agent relative to the total content of the stress relaxation agents is preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 15% by mass or more, and more preferably 20% by mass or more.
- the first curable resin composition and the third curable resin composition of the present disclosure may contain a stress relaxation agent such as silicone oil and silicone rubber particles.
- a stress relaxation agent such as silicone oil and silicone rubber particles.
- the stress relaxation agent include known stress relaxation agents (flexible agents) that are generally used.
- examples of the stress relaxation agent include thermoplastic elastomers such as silicone-based, styrene-based, olefin-based, urethane-based, polyester-based, polyether-based, polyamide-based, and polybutadiene-based elastomers, rubber particles such as natural rubber (NR), acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer (NBR), acrylic rubber, urethane rubber, and silicone powder, and rubber particles having a core-shell structure such as methyl methacrylate-styrene-butadiene copolymer (MBS), methyl methacrylate-silicone copolymer, and methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate copolymer.
- thermoplastic elastomers such as silicone-based, styrene-based, olefin-based, urethane-based, polyester-based, polyether-based, polyamide-based, and polybutadiene-based elastomers
- rubber particles such
- the stress relaxation agent may be used alone or in combination of two or more types. Among them, silicone-based stress relaxation agents are preferred. Examples of silicone-based stress relaxation agents include those having an epoxy group, those having an amino group, and those modified with polyether. Examples of silicone-based stress relaxation agents that can be used in the first curable resin composition and the third curable resin composition include the above-mentioned silicone-based stress relaxation agents contained in the second curable resin composition.
- the content is preferably 10 parts by mass to 60 parts by mass, and more preferably 20 parts by mass to 50 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the epoxy resin contained in the curable resin composition.
- the curable resin composition of the present disclosure may contain various additives such as a coupling agent, a release agent, a colorant, a flame retardant, and an ion exchanger.
- the curable resin composition of the present disclosure may also contain a siloxane compound having a structural unit having an epoxy group and an alkoxy group and having a degree of polymerization of 2.
- the curable resin composition may contain various additives well known in the art, as necessary, in addition to the additives exemplified below.
- the curable resin composition of the present disclosure may contain a coupling agent.
- the type of coupling agent is not particularly limited, and a known coupling agent can be used.
- Examples of the coupling agent include a silane coupling agent and a titanium coupling agent.
- the coupling agent may be used alone or in combination of two or more types.
- the silane coupling agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-(2-aminoethyl)aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-(2-aminoethyl)aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-phenyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-ureidopropyltriethoxysilane,
- Titanium coupling agents include isopropyl triisostearoyl titanate, isopropyl tris(dioctyl pyrophosphate) titanate, isopropyl tri(N-aminoethyl-aminoethyl) titanate, tetraoctyl bis(ditridecyl phosphite) titanate, tetra(2,2-diallyloxymethyl-1-butyl)bis(ditridecyl phosphite) titanate, bis(dioctyl pyrophosphate)oxyacetate titanate, bis(dioctyl pyrophosphate)ethylene titanate, isopropyl trioctanoyl titanate, isopropyl dimethacryl isostearoyl titanate, isopropyl tridodecyl benzenesulfonyl titanate, isopropyl isostearoyl diacryl titanate, iso
- the content of the coupling agent is preferably 0.001 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 8 parts by mass, and even more preferably 0.05 to 5 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the inorganic filler contained in the curable resin composition, from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness at the interface between the epoxy resin and the inorganic filler.
- the curable resin composition of the present disclosure may contain a mold release agent from the viewpoint of mold releasability.
- the mold release agent is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known one may be used.
- the mold release agent include carnauba wax, higher fatty acids such as montanic acid and stearic acid, higher fatty acid metal salts, ester waxes such as montanic acid esters, polyolefin waxes such as oxidized polyethylene and non-oxidized polyethylene, etc.
- the mold release agent may be used alone or in combination of two or more types.
- the content of the release agent is preferably 0.01 parts by mass to 15 parts by mass, and more preferably 0.1 parts by mass to 10 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the epoxy resin contained in the curable resin composition.
- the amount of the release agent is 0.01 parts by mass or more per 100 parts by mass of the resin component, sufficient release properties tend to be obtained.
- the amount is 15 parts by mass or less, better release properties tend to be obtained.
- the curable resin composition of the present disclosure may contain a colorant.
- the colorant include known colorants such as carbon black, organic dyes, organic pigments, titanium oxide, red lead, and red iron oxide.
- the content of the colorant can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, etc.
- the colorant may be used alone or in combination of two or more types.
- the content is preferably 0.01% by mass to 5% by mass, and more preferably 0.05% by mass to 4% by mass.
- the curable resin composition of the present disclosure may contain a flame retardant.
- the flame retardant is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known one may be used.
- Examples of the flame retardant include organic or inorganic compounds containing halogen atoms, antimony atoms, nitrogen atoms, or phosphorus atoms, metal hydroxides, etc.
- the flame retardant may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.
- the curable resin composition of the present disclosure contains a flame retardant
- its content is not particularly limited as long as it is an amount sufficient to obtain the desired flame retardant effect.
- the content of the flame retardant is preferably 1 to 300 parts by mass, and more preferably 2 to 150 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the epoxy resin contained in the curable resin composition.
- the curable resin composition of the present disclosure may contain an ion exchanger.
- an inorganic ion exchanger from the viewpoint of improving the moisture resistance and high-temperature storage characteristics of an electronic component device including an element to be encapsulated.
- the ion exchanger is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known ion exchanger can be used. Specific examples include hydrotalcite compounds and hydrous oxides of at least one element selected from the group consisting of magnesium, aluminum, titanium, zirconium, and bismuth.
- the ion exchanger may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Specific examples of the ion exchanger include hydrotalcite represented by the following general formula (A).
- the content of the ion exchanger is not particularly limited as long as it is an amount sufficient to capture ions such as halogen ions.
- the content of the ion exchanger is preferably 0.1 parts by mass to 30 parts by mass, and more preferably 1 part by mass to 6 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the epoxy resin contained in the curable resin composition.
- the curable resin composition of the present disclosure preferably has a spiral flow measured by the following method of 100 cm or more, more preferably 120 cm or more, even more preferably 140 cm or more, and particularly preferably 160 cm or more.
- the upper limit of the spiral flow is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 170 cm or less.
- the spiral flow is measured using a spiral flow measurement mold conforming to EMMI-1-66, and the flow distance is determined when the curable resin composition is molded under conditions of a mold temperature of 175°C, molding pressure of 6.9 MPa, and curing time of 90 seconds.
- the gel time of the curable resin composition at 175°C is preferably 15 seconds or more, more preferably 18 seconds or more, and even more preferably 21 seconds or more, from the viewpoint of fluidity and curability. Also, from the viewpoint of curability, the gel time is preferably 50 seconds or less, more preferably 47 seconds or less, and even more preferably 44 seconds or less.
- the gel time is measured from the time 0.5 g of the thermosetting resin composition is placed on a hot plate preheated to 175°C until the resin loses its viscosity. It is preferable to heat the resin while periodically stirring it with a spatula or similar. "The resin loses its viscosity” refers to the phenomenon in which the resin breaks or is destroyed when kneaded with a spatula or similar.
- the viscosity of the curable resin composition of the present disclosure at 175°C is preferably 0.01 Pa ⁇ s to 1000 Pa ⁇ s, more preferably 0.1 Pa ⁇ s to 200 Pa ⁇ s, even more preferably 1 Pa ⁇ s to 50 Pa ⁇ s, and particularly preferably 1 Pa ⁇ s to 20 Pa ⁇ s.
- the viscosity of the curable resin composition at 175°C is measured using a flow tester viscometer at a pressure of 1 MPa, a nozzle diameter of 1 mm, and a length of 10 mm.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the cured product of the curable resin composition is preferably 80°C or higher, more preferably 85°C or higher, and even more preferably 90°C or higher. There is no particular upper limit for the Tg, and it may be 200°C or lower, or 180°C or lower.
- the glass transition temperature of the cured product is the temperature at the intersection of the tangent line between 10°C and 30°C and the tangent line between 200°C and 220°C, obtained by measuring the linear expansion coefficient as described above.
- the hot hardness of the cured product is preferably 56 or more, more preferably 58 or more, and even more preferably 60 or more. There is no particular upper limit to the hot hardness, and it may be 90 or less, 88 or less, 85 or less, 83 or less, or 80 or less.
- the hot hardness of the cured product is measured at 175°C using a Shore hardness tester Type D (e.g., manufactured by Kobunshi Keiki Co., Ltd.) for a rectangular test piece for hot hardness measurement having dimensions of 4 mm x 80 mm x 10 mm.
- the test piece is obtained by curing and molding the curable resin composition using a transfer molding machine and a disk mold under conditions of 175°C, 120 seconds, and a pressure of 7 MPa. The measurement is performed in the press immediately after the preparation of the test piece.
- the hot strength of the cured product is preferably 3 MN/m2 or more, more preferably 4 MN/ m2 or more, and even more preferably 5 MN/ m2 or more.
- the hot strength There is no particular upper limit to the hot strength, and it may be 20 MN/m2 or less, 18 MN/ m2 or less, or 16 MN/ m2 or less.
- the hot strength of the cured product is measured using a load tester (e.g., Aiko Engineering Co., Ltd., tabletop tester 1301K) on a rectangular test piece for measuring hot strength, measuring 4 mm x 80 mm x 10 mm.
- the test piece is obtained by curing and molding the curable resin composition using a transfer molding machine and a disk mold under conditions of 175°C, 120 seconds, and a pressure of 7 MPa.
- the elastic modulus of the cured product of the first curable resin composition or the second curable resin composition at 260°C is preferably 1000 MPa or less, more preferably 900 MPa or less, and even more preferably 800 MPa or less, although this depends on the amount of filler.
- the adhesive strength of the cured product of the first curable resin composition or the second curable resin composition to Ag is preferably 0.3 MPa or more, more preferably 0.35 MPa or more, and even more preferably 0.4 MPa or more. In addition, there is no particular upper limit to the adhesive strength.
- the linear expansion coefficient of the cured product of the first curable resin composition or the second curable resin composition at 180 ° C to 200 ° C is preferably 25 ppm / ° C or more, more preferably 28 ppm / ° C or more, and even more preferably 31 ppm / ° C or more.
- the upper limit of the linear expansion coefficient is preferably 60 ppm/° C. or less, more preferably 55 ppm/° C. or less, and even more preferably 50 ppm/° C. or less.
- the method for producing the curable resin composition is not particularly limited.
- a typical method is to thoroughly mix a predetermined amount of components with a mixer or the like, melt-knead the components with a mixing roll, an extruder, or the like, cool the components, and pulverize the components. More specifically, the method is to uniformly stir and mix the components in a predetermined amount, knead the components with a kneader, roll, extruder, or the like that has been heated to 70°C to 140°C, cool the components, and pulverize the components.
- the curable resin composition is preferably a solid at 25°C.
- the shape of the curable resin composition is not particularly limited, and examples of the shape include powder, granules, and tablets.
- the curable resin composition is in tablet form, it is preferable from the viewpoint of handleability that the dimensions and mass are set to be suitable for the molding conditions of the package.
- the use of the curable resin composition of the present disclosure is not particularly limited, and can be used in various mounting techniques, for example, as a sealant for electronic component devices.
- the curable resin composition of the present disclosure can also be used in various applications in which it is desirable for the resin composition to have good fluidity and curability, such as resin molded bodies for various modules, resin molded bodies for motors, resin molded bodies mounted on vehicles, and sealants for electronic circuit protection materials.
- the electronic component device of the present disclosure includes an element and a cured product of the curable resin composition that encapsulates the element.
- the electronic component device may include a support member on which an element is mounted.
- the support member include a lead frame, a pre-wired tape carrier, a wiring board, glass, a silicon wafer, an organic substrate, etc.
- a lead frame is preferred from the viewpoint of adhesion to the cured product of the curable resin composition.
- the lead frame may or may not have a roughened surface, but from the standpoint of manufacturing costs, a lead frame is preferred, and from the standpoint of adhesion, a roughened lead frame is preferred.
- the surface roughening method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include alkali treatment, silane coupling treatment, sand matt treatment, plasma treatment, and corona discharge treatment.
- the lead frame preferably contains Ag, and may further contain Cu, etc.
- Elements included in electronic component devices include, for example, active elements such as silicon chips, transistors, diodes, and thyristors, and passive elements such as capacitors, resistors, and coils.
- Specific configurations of the electronic component device include, but are not limited to, the following configurations.
- General resin-sealed ICs such as DIP (Dual Inline Package), PLCC (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier), QFP (Quad Flat Package), SOP (Small Outline Package), SOJ (Small Outline J-lead Package), TSOP (Thin Small Outline Package), and TQFP (Thin Quad Flat Package) that have a structure in which an element is fixed on a lead frame, and terminal parts of the element such as bonding pads and lead parts are connected using wire bonding, bumps, or the like, and then sealed using a curable resin composition;
- TCP Tape Carrier Package
- COB Chip On Board
- COB Chip On Board
- a curable resin composition (4) BGA (Ball Grid Array), CSP (Chip Size Package), MCP (Multi Chip Package), SiP (System in a Package), etc., which have a structure in which an element is mounted on the surface of a support member having terminals for connecting a wiring board formed on the back surface thereof, the element is connected to wiring formed on the support member using bumps or wire bonding, and then the element is sealed using a curable resin composition.
- the method for encapsulating elements using a curable resin composition is not particularly limited, and any known method can be applied.
- low-pressure transfer molding is a common encapsulation method, but injection molding, compression molding, casting, etc. may also be used.
- Examples 1A, 2A and Comparative Examples 1A to 5A The materials shown in Table 1 were premixed (dry blended), kneaded for about 15 minutes with a biaxial roll (roll surface temperature: about 80° C.), cooled, and pulverized to produce a powdered curable resin composition.
- the equivalent ratio of the phenolic hydroxyl group (active hydrogen) of the phenol-based curing agent to the epoxy group of the epoxy resin was 0.7.
- Epoxy resin A biphenyl type, epoxy equivalent 192g/eq
- Epoxy resin B Sulfur-containing epoxy resin, epoxy equivalent 238g/eq to 254g/eq, melting point 116°C to 126°C
- Epoxy resin C Triphenylmethane type (but does not contain alkyl or alkoxy groups), epoxy equivalent 169 g/mol, softening point 60°C
- Epoxy resin D orthocresol type, epoxy equivalent 200g/eq.
- Epoxy resin E Triphenylmethane type (but does not contain alkyl or alkoxy groups), epoxy equivalent 165 g/eq, melting point 104°C
- Epoxy resin F Triphenylmethane type epoxy resin represented by the above formula (2), epoxy equivalent 214 g/eq, melting point 85°C
- Hardener A phenolic resin, hydroxyl equivalent 175 g/eq Hardener B: Triphenylmethane type phenolic resin, hydroxyl equivalent 104 g/eq Hardener C: alkyl-modified phenolic resin, hydroxyl equivalent 224 g/eq Hardener D: Aminotriazine modified phenolic resin, amine equivalent 120 g/eq
- Curing accelerator 1,4-benzoquinone adduct of triphenylphosphine
- Inorganic filler Spherical silica particles with a top cut of 75 ⁇ m and a volume average particle size of 19 ⁇ m
- Coupling agent A N-phenyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane Coupling agent B: 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane Coupling agent C: 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane
- Stress relaxation agent A Methyl/phenyl polysiloxane compound, solid at 25°C
- Stress relaxation agent B Triphenylphosphine oxide
- Stress relaxation agent C Coumarone resin, softening point 100°C
- Stress relaxation agent D specific branched polysiloxane with epoxy equivalent of 1660 and softening point of 80°C
- thermomechanical analyzer TMA/SS6100 manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc.
- Tg Glass transition temperature
- the hot hardness of the cured product of the curable resin composition was measured by the above-mentioned method.
- the measuring device used was a Shore hardness tester Type D manufactured by Kobunshi Keiki Co., Ltd.
- the hot strength of the cured product of the curable resin composition was measured by the above-mentioned method.
- a tabletop tester 1301K manufactured by Aiko Engineering Co., Ltd. was used as the measuring device.
- Examples 1B to 2B and Comparative Examples 1B to 2B The materials shown in Table 3 were premixed (dry blended), then kneaded for about 15 minutes with a biaxial roll (roll surface temperature: about 80° C.), cooled, and pulverized to produce a powdered curable resin composition.
- the equivalent ratio of the phenolic hydroxyl group (active hydrogen) of the phenolic curing agent to the epoxy group of the epoxy resin was 0.7.
- Epoxy resin A biphenyl type, epoxy equivalent 192 g/eq
- Epoxy resin B sulfur atom-containing epoxy resin, epoxy equivalent 238 g/eq to 254 g/eq, melting point 116°C to 126°C
- Epoxy resin C triphenylmethane type (having no alkyl or alkoxy groups), epoxy equivalent 169 g/mol, softening point 60° C.
- Epoxy resin D orthocresol type, epoxy equivalent 200 g/eq
- Epoxy resin E a triphenylmethane type epoxy resin represented by the above formula (2), having an epoxy equivalent of 214 g/eq and a melting point of 85° C.
- Hardener A phenolic resin, hydroxyl equivalent 175 g/eq Hardener B: Triphenylmethane type phenolic resin, hydroxyl group equivalent 104 g/eq Hardener C: alkyl-modified phenolic resin, hydroxyl equivalent 224 g/eq
- Curing accelerator 1,4-benzoquinone adduct of triphenylphosphine
- Inorganic filler Spherical silica particles with a top cut of 75 ⁇ m and a volume average particle size of 19 ⁇ m
- Coupling agent A N-phenyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane Coupling agent B: 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane Coupling agent C: 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane
- Stress relaxation agent A Methyl/phenyl polysiloxane compound, solid at 25°C
- Stress relaxation agent B Triphenylphosphine oxide
- Stress relaxation agent C Coumarone resin, softening point 100°C
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Abstract
Description
しかし、面実装型ICは配線板表面に仮止めを行い、はんだバス、リフロー装置等で処理されるため、直接はんだ付け温度(リフロー温度)にパッケージが曝される。この結果、パッケージが吸湿している場合、リフロー時に吸湿水分が気化して、発生した蒸気圧が剥離応力として働き、素子、リードフレーム等の支持部材と封止材との間における剥離が発生し、パッケージクラックの発生、電気的特性不良等の原因となる。そのため、支持部材との接着性に優れ、ひいてははんだ耐熱性(耐リフロー性)に優れる封止材料の開発が望まれている。
また、耐リフロー性の改良を目的として、例えば、めっき処理の前にリードフレーム表面を粗面化し、封止材との接着性を改良することが行われている。
本開示は上記状況に鑑みてなされたものであり、硬化物を85℃、85%RHの条件で吸湿させた場合でもリードフレームからの剥離が抑制される硬化性樹脂組成物、及び、この硬化性樹脂組成物により封止される素子を備える電子部品装置を提供しようとするものである。
<2> 前記トリフェニルメタン型エポキシ樹脂に含まれるベンゼン環が、アルキル基を2以上有する、<1>に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
<3> 前記トリフェニルメタン型エポキシ樹脂の主鎖に含まれるベンゼン環が、アルキル基を2以上有する、<1>又は<2>に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
<4> 前記アルキル基が、t-ブチル基を含む、<1>~<3>のいずれか一項に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
<5> ポリシロキサン系応力緩和剤をさらに含む、<1>~<4>のいずれか一項に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
<6> 前記ポリシロキサン系応力緩和剤が、下記構造単位(a)及び(b)を有し、末端がR1、水酸基及びアルコキシ基からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の官能基であり、エポキシ当量が500g/eq~4000g/eqである分岐状ポリシロキサンを含む、<5>に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
〔R1は、炭素数1~12の非置換の、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アリール基、又はアラルキル基を示し、分岐状ポリシロキサン中にR1が複数存在する場合、複数のR1はそれぞれ同一であっても異なっていてもよい。Xは、2,3-エポキシプロピル基、3,4-エポキシブチル基、4,5-エポキシペンチル基、2-グリシドキシエチル基、3-グリシドキシプロピル基、4-グリシドキシブチル基、2-(3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシル)エチル基、又は3-(3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシル)プロピル基を示す。〕
<7> 硬化物としたときの260℃における弾性率が400MPa以下、硬化物としたときの180℃~200℃の線膨張率が32ppm/℃以上、且つ85℃、85%RHで処理後のAg(銀)に対する硬化物の接着強度が0.45MPa以上である、硬化性樹脂組成物。
<8> EMMI-1-66に準じたスパイラルフローが、100cm以上である、<7>に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
<9> 硬化物としたときの熱時硬度が56以上である、<7>又は<8>に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
<10> 硬化物としたときの熱時強度が3MN/m2以上である、<7>~<9>のいずれか一項に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
<11> 素子と、前記素子を封止する<1>~<10>のいずれか一項に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物と、を備える電子部品装置。
<12> 前記素子を一方の面に搭載するリードフレームを備える、<11>に記載の電子部品装置。
<13> 前記リードフレームがAgを含む、<12>に記載の電子部品装置。
本開示中に段階的に記載されている数値範囲において、一つの数値範囲で記載された上限値又は下限値は、他の段階的な記載の数値範囲の上限値又は下限値に置き換えてもよい。また、本開示中に記載されている数値範囲において、その数値範囲の上限値又は下限値は、合成例に示されている値に置き換えてもよい。
本開示において各成分は該当する化合物を複数種含んでいてもよい。組成物中に各成分に該当する物質が複数種存在する場合、各成分の含有率又は含有量は、特に断らない限り、組成物中に存在する当該複数種の物質の合計の含有率又は含有量を意味する。
本開示において各成分に該当する粒子は複数種含んでいてもよい。組成物中に各成分に該当する粒子が複数種存在する場合、各成分の粒子径は、特に断らない限り、組成物中に存在する当該複数種の粒子の混合物についての値を意味する。
本開示において「積層」との語は、層を積み重ねることを表し、二以上の層が結合されていてもよく、二以上の層が着脱可能であってもよい。
本開示の基(原子団)の表記において、置換及び非置換を記していない表記は、置換基を有さないものと共に置換基を有するものをも包含するものである。
本開示において構造単位数は、単一の分子については整数値を表すが、複数種の分子の集合体としては平均値である有理数を表す。
本開示において、炭素数とは、ある基全体に含まれる炭素原子の総数を意味し、該基が置換基を有さない場合は当該基の骨格を形成する炭素原子の数を表し、該基が置換基を有する場合は当該基の骨格を形成する炭素原子の数に置換基中の炭素原子の数を加えた総数を表す。
測定装置の一例として以下が挙げられ、検量線の作成は、標準ポリスチレンとして5サンプルセット(「PStQuick MP-H」及び「PStQuick B」、東ソー株式会社製)を用いてよい。
GPC装置 :高速GPC装置「HCL-8320GPC」、検出器は示差屈折計又はUV、東ソー株式会社製
カラム :カラムTSKgel SuperMultipore HZ-H(カラム長さ:15cm、カラム内径:4.6mm)、東ソー株式会社製
(測定条件)
溶媒 :テトラヒドロフラン(THF)
測定温度 :40℃
流量 :0.35mL/分
試料濃度 :10mg/THF5mL
注入量 :20μL
本開示の第一の硬化性樹脂組成物は、アルキル基及びアルコキシ基からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を有するトリフェニルメタン型エポキシ樹脂を含む。以下、「アルキル基及びアルコキシ基からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を有するトリフェニルメタン型エポキシ樹脂」を「特定トリフェニルメタン型エポキシ樹脂」とも称する。
本開示の第一の硬化性樹脂組成物は、硬化剤を85℃、85%RHの条件で吸湿させた場合でもリードフレームからの剥離が抑制される。本開示の第一の硬化性樹脂組成物により上記効果が奏される理由は明らかではないが以下のように推察される。
特定トリフェニルメタン型エポキシ樹脂を用いる場合の推定効果は、第一の硬化性樹脂組成物において説明した通りである。さらに、ポリシロキサン系応力緩和剤を含むことで、硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化物としたときの反り変形及びクラックの発生を低減させることができ、硬化物が支持部材から剥離することが効果的に抑制される。
本開示の第三の硬化性樹脂組成物は、硬化剤を85℃、85%RHの条件で吸湿させた場合でもリードフレームからの剥離が抑制される。本開示の第三の硬化性樹脂組成物により上記効果が奏される理由は明らかではないが以下のように推察される。
また、従前は、線膨張率は小さいほどリードフレームからの剥離が抑えられると考えられていたが、本開示の第三の硬化性樹脂組成物においては硬化物の180℃~200℃での線膨張率が32ppm/℃以上であることがリードフレームからの剥離の抑制に効果があることが実験的に見出されている。
そして、上記の弾性率及び線膨張率の範囲としたうえで、85℃、85%RHで処理後のAg(銀)に対する硬化物の接着強度を0.45MPa以上とすることで、85℃、85%RHの条件で吸湿させた場合でもリードフレームからの剥離が抑制される。
また、外力からのチップ保護の観点から、260℃における弾性率は、80MPa以上であることが好ましく、100MPa以上であることがより好ましく、120MPa以上であることがさらに好ましく、170MPa以上であることが特に好ましい。
なお、硬化物は、トランスファー成形機により、金型温度175℃、成形圧力6.9MPa、硬化時間90秒の条件で硬化性樹脂組成物を成形した後、175℃で5時間の条件で後硬化を行うことにより作製する。硬化物は、短辺5.1mm、長辺20mm、厚さ2mmの長方形形状を有する。
本開示の第一及び第二の硬化性樹脂組成物は、特定トリフェニルメタン型エポキシ樹脂を含む。
第三の硬化性樹脂組成物は、エポキシ樹脂を含むことが好ましい。エポキシ樹脂は1種単独で用いても、2種以上を併用してもよい。エポキシ樹脂の少なくとも1種は、特定トリフェニルメタン型エポキシ樹脂であることが好ましい。
特定トリフェニルメタン型エポキシ樹脂は、アルキル基及びアルコキシ基からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を有し、アルキル基を有することが好ましい。特定トリフェニルメタン型エポキシ樹脂は1種単独で用いても、2種以上を併用してもよい。
ましい。
好ましい。ベンゼン環が有する2以上のアルキル基のうち少なくとも1つは分岐状のアルキル基であることが好ましく、分岐状のアルキル基はグリシジルオキシ基に対してオルト位に配置されていることが好ましい。
iは1~3の整数を表し、2又は3であることが好ましく、2であることがより好ましい。iが2の場合、添え字がiで表されるRは、少なくとも一つが分岐状のアルキル基であることが好ましく、分岐状のアルキル基と直鎖状のアルキル基の組み合わせであることがより好ましく、例えば、t-ブチル基とメチル基の組み合わせが挙げられる。t-ブチル基及びメチル基は、ベンゼン環上でいずれの位置に配置していてもよいが、t-ブチル基
はグリシジルオキシ基に対してオルト位に配置されていることが好ましい。また、t-ブ
チル基及とメチル基との配置関係はいずれであってもよく、オルト位、メタ位及びパラ位のいずれで配置されていてもよい。
kは各々独立に0~4の整数を表し、0であることが好ましい。
nは平均値であり、0~10の数を示す。
その他のエポキシ樹脂としては、1分子中に2個以上のエポキシ基を有するものであればその種類は特に制限されない。その他のエポキシ樹脂の具体例を以下に記載するが、これらに限定されるものではない。
また、一般式(III)~(VII)、(IX)~(XI)における炭素数1~18の1価の有機基はアルキル基又はアリール基であることが好ましい。
その他のエポキシ樹脂のエポキシ当量は、JIS K 7236:2009に準じた方法で測定される値とする。
本開示において、軟化点は、JIS K 7234:1986の環球法により測定された値をいう。
本開示において、融点は、JIS K 0064:1992の目視による方法に則って測定された値をいう。
本開示の硬化性樹脂組成物は、硬化剤を含むことが好ましい。硬化剤の種類は特に制限されず、硬化性樹脂組成物の成分として一般に使用されているものから選択できる。硬化
剤は、1種類を単独で用いても2種類以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
なお、本開示において、硬化剤とは、硬化性樹脂組成物に含まれるエポキシ樹脂と反応し、硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化することができる構造を有していればよく、含有量が少なく、硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化反応における寄与が少ない化合物であっても、硬化剤に含まれるものとする。
これらの中でも、耐熱性の観点から、硬化剤はフェノール系硬化剤又はアミン系硬化剤が好ましい。また、本開示の硬化性樹脂組成物のリードフレームに対する接着性の観点及び耐熱性の観点から、硬化剤はフェノール系硬化剤が好ましい。
本開示の硬化性樹脂組成物のリードフレームに対する接着性の観点及び耐熱性の観点から、また、一般式(XIII)中、i及びkは共に0であることが好ましい。
フェノール系硬化剤の場合における水酸基当量は、JIS K 0070:1992に準拠して測定された水酸基価に基づいて算出された値をいう。また、アミン系硬化剤の場合における活性水素当量は、JIS K 7237:1995に準拠して測定されたアミン価に基づいて算出された値をいう。
当該当量比を0.5以上1.0未満とすると、硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物と支持部材との接着性が向上する傾向にある。この理由は明らかではないが、リフロー温度付近のtanδの値を増大することができ、リフロー時における樹脂硬化物の内部応力が緩和される傾向にある。
本開示の硬化性樹脂組成物は、無機充填材を含んでもよい。硬化性樹脂組成物が無機充填材を含むことで、硬化性樹脂組成物の吸湿性が低減し、硬化状態での強度が向上する傾向にある。硬化性樹脂組成物を半導体パッケージの封止材として用いる場合には、無機充填材を含有することが好ましい。
難燃効果を有する無機材料により構成される無機充填材を用いてもよい。難燃効果を有する無機材料としては、水酸化アルミニウム、水酸化マグネシウム、マグネシウムと亜鉛の複合水酸化物等の複合金属水酸化物、硼酸亜鉛などが挙げられる。
無機充填材は1種類を単独で用いても2種類以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
無機充填材の体積平均粒子径は、レーザー回折散乱法粒度分布測定装置により、体積平均粒子径(D50)として測定することができる。
トップカットの粒子径は、上記の体積平均粒子径(D50)を測定したときの粒度分布により求めることができる。
無機充填材の含有率が硬化性樹脂組成物全体の30質量%以上であると、硬化物の熱膨張係数、熱伝導率、弾性率等の特性がより向上する傾向にある。無機充填材の含有率が硬化性樹脂組成物全体の90質量%以下であると、硬化性樹脂組成物の粘度の上昇が抑制され、流動性がより向上して成形性がより良好になる傾向にある。
無機充填材の含有率が硬化性樹脂組成物全体の68体積%以上であると、硬化物の熱膨張係数、熱伝導率、弾性率等の特性がより向上する傾向にある。無機充填材の含有率が硬化性樹脂組成物全体の86体積%以下であると、硬化性樹脂組成物の粘度の上昇が抑制され、流動性がより向上して成形性がより良好になる傾向にある。
本開示の硬化性樹脂組成物は、硬化促進剤を含んでもよい。硬化促進剤の種類は特に制限されず、エポキシ樹脂の種類、硬化性樹脂組成物の所望の特性等に応じて選択できる。硬化促進剤は1種類を単独で用いても2種類以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。硬化促進剤の具体例を以下に記載するが、これらに限定されるものではない。
硬化促進剤としては、1,5-ジアザビシクロ[4.3.0]ノネン-5(DBN)、1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデセン-7(DBU)等のジアザビシクロアルケン、2-メチルイミダゾール、2-フェニルイミダゾール、2-フェニル-4-メチルイミダゾール、2-ヘプタデシルイミダゾール等の環状アミジン化合物;前記環状アミジン化合物の誘導体;前記環状アミジン化合物又はその誘導体のフェノールノボラック塩;これらの化合物に無水マレイン酸、1,4-ベンゾキノン、2,5-トルキノン、1,4-ナフトキノン、2,3-ジメチルベンゾキノン、2,6-ジメチルベンゾキノン、2,3-ジメトキシ-5-メチル-1,4-ベンゾキノン、2,3-ジメトキシ-1,4-ベンゾキノン、フェニル-1,4-ベンゾキノン等のキノン化合物、ジアゾフェニルメタンなどの、π結合をもつ化合物を付加してなる分子内分極を有する化合物;DBUのテトラフェニルボレート塩、DBNのテトラフェニルボレート塩、2-エチル-4-メチルイミダゾールのテトラフェニルボレート塩、N-メチルモルホリンのテトラフェニルボレート塩等の環状アミジニウム化合物;ピリジン、トリエチルアミン、トリエチレンジアミン、ベンジルジメチルアミン、トリエタノールアミン、ジメチルアミノエタノール、トリス(ジメチルアミノメチル)フェノール等の三級アミン化合物;前記三級アミン化合物の誘導体;酢酸テトラ-n-ブチルアンモニウム、リン酸テトラ-n-ブチルアンモニウム、酢酸テトラエチルアンモニウム、安息香酸テトラ-n-ヘキシルアンモニウム、水酸化テトラプロピルアンモニウム等のアンモニウム塩化合物;エチルホスフィン、フェニルホスフィン等の一級ホスフィン、ジメチルホスフィン、ジフェニルホスフィン等の二級ホスフィン、トリフェニルホスフィン、ジフェニル(p-トリル)ホスフィン、トリス(アルキルフェニル)ホスフィン、トリス(アルコキシフェニル)ホスフィン、トリス(アルキルアルコキシフェニル)ホスフィン、トリス(ジアルキルフェニル)ホスフィン、トリス(トリアルキルフェニル)ホスフィン、トリス(テトラアルキルフェニル)ホスフィン、トリス(ジアルコキシフェニル)ホスフィン、トリス(トリアルコキシフェニル)ホスフィン、トリス(テトラアルコキシフェニル)ホスフィン、トリアルキルホスフィン、ジアルキルアリールホスフィン、アルキルジアリールホスフィン、トリナフチルホスフィン、トリス(ベンジル)ホスフィン等の三級ホスフィンなどの、有機ホスフィン;前記有機ホスフィンと有機ボロン類との錯体等のホスフィン化合物;前記有機ホスフィン又は前記ホスフィン化合物と無水マレイン酸、1,4-ベンゾキノン、2,5-トルキノン、1,4-ナフトキノン、2,3-ジメチルベンゾキノン、2,6-ジメチルベンゾキノン、2,3-ジメトキシ-5-メチル-1,4-ベンゾキノン、2,3-ジメトキシ-1,4-ベンゾキノン、フェニル-1,4-ベンゾキノン、アントラキノン等のキノン化合物、ジアゾフェニルメタンなどの、π結合をもつ化合物を付加してなる分子内分極を有する化合物;前記有機ホスフィン又は前記ホスフィン化合物と4-ブロモフェノール、3-ブロモフェノール、2-ブロモフェノール、4-クロロフェノール、3-クロロフェノール、2-クロロフェノール、4-ヨウ化フェノール、3-ヨウ化フェノール、2-ヨウ化フェノール、4-ブロモ-2-メチルフェノール、4-ブロモ-3-メチルフェノール、4-ブロモ-2,6-ジメチルフェノール、4-ブロモ-3,5-ジメチルフェノール、4-ブロモ-2,6-ジ-t-ブチルフェノール、4-クロロ-1-ナフトール、1-ブロモ-2-ナフトール、6-ブロモ-2-ナフトール、4-ブロモ-4’-ヒドロキシビフェニル等のハロゲン化フェノール化合物を反応させた後に、脱ハロゲン化水素の工程を経て得られる、分子内分極を有する化合物;テトラフェニルホスホニウム等のテトラ置換ホスホニウム、テトラフェニルホスホニウムテトラ-p-トリルボレート等のテトラ置換ホスホニウムのテトラフェニルボレート塩、テトラ置換ホスホニウムとフェノール化合物との塩などの、テトラ置換ホスホニウム化合物;ホスホベタイン化合物;ホスホニウム化合物とシラン化合物との付加物などが挙げられる。
好適な硬化促進剤としては、トリフェニルホスフィン、トリフェニルホスフィンのキノン化合物付加物等が挙げられる。
本開示の第二の硬化性樹脂組成物は、ポリシロキサン系応力緩和剤を含む。
ポリシロキサン系応力緩和剤は、1種類を単独で用いても2種類以上を併用してもよい。ポリシロキサン系応力緩和剤は、25℃において、固形、液状、ゴム粒子状等、いずれの形状であってもよい。また、ポリシロキサン系応力緩和剤は、ポリシロキサン骨格を含めば、メタクリル酸メチル-シリコーン共重合体のようにポリシロキサン骨格以外のポリマー部位を含んでいてもよい。
ポリエーテル系ポリシロキサンは、側鎖変性型ポリエーテル系ポリシロキサンであってもよく、末端変性型ポリエーテル系ポリシロキサンであってもよい。ポリエーテル系ポリシロキサンは、これらの中でも、硬化物の外観不良抑制の観点から、側鎖変性型ポリエーテル系ポリシロキサンが好ましい。
エポキシ・ポリエーテル系ポリシロキサンは、側鎖変性型エポキシ・ポリエーテル系ポリシロキサンであってもよく、末端変性型エポキシ・ポリエーテル系ポリシロキサンであってもよく、側鎖及び末端変性型エポキシ・ポリエーテル系ポリシロキサンであってもよい。エポキシ・ポリエーテル系ポリシロキサンの主骨格としては、ポリジメチルシロキサンが好ましい。ポリエーテル基としては、エチレンオキシド及びプロピレンオキシドの一方又は双方が重合したポリエーテル基が好ましい。
エポキシ・ポリエーテル系ポリシロキサンは、ポリエーテル基(好ましくはエチレンオキシド及びプロピレンオキシドの一方又は双方が重合したポリエーテル基)及びエポキシ基がそれぞれシリコーン(好ましくはポリジメチルシロキサン)の側鎖に存在する側鎖変性型エポキシ・ポリエーテル系ポリシロキサンであることが好ましい。
R1で表されるアルキル基としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、イソプロピル基、イソブチル基、t-ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基、オクチル基、2-エチルヘキシル基等が挙げられる。
R1で表されるアルケニル基としては、アルキル基、ビニル基、アリル基、ブテニル基、ペンテニル基、ヘキセニル基等が挙げられる。
R1で表されるアリール基としては、フェニル基、トリル基、キシリル基、ナフチル基、ビフェニル基等が挙げられる。
R1で表されるアラルキル基としては、ベンジル基、フェネチル基等が挙げられる。
なかでもR1としては、メチル基又はフェニル基が好ましい。
ブタジエン系及びアクリル系の応力緩和剤としては、Uパウダー(ユニチカ株式会社)、CTBN1008SP及びCTBN1009SP(UBE株式会社)、JP200(日本曹達株式会社)、及びBTA-751(ダウケミカル社)が挙げられる。
ポリエーテル系応力緩和剤としては、FZ-3711、FZ-3720、及びFZ-3730(ダウケミカル社)が挙げられる。
本開示の硬化性樹脂組成物は、上述の成分に加えて、カップリング剤、離型剤、着色剤、難燃剤、イオン交換体等の各種添加剤を含んでいてもよい。また、本開示の硬化性樹脂組成物は、エポキシ基及びアルコキシ基を有する構造単位を有し、且つ重合度が2である、シロキサン化合物を含んでいてもよい。硬化性樹脂組成物は、以下に例表する添加剤以外にも必要に応じて当技術分野で周知の各種添加剤を含んでいてもよい。
本開示の硬化性樹脂組成物は、カップリング剤を含んでもよい。カップリング剤の種類は特に制限されず、公知のカップリング剤を使用することができる。カップリング剤としては、シランカップリング剤、チタンカップリング剤等が挙げられる。カップリング剤は、1種類を単独で使用しても、2種類以上を併用してもよい。
本開示の硬化性樹脂組成物は、成形時における金型を使用する場合、金型との離型性の観点から、離型剤を含んでいてもよい。離型剤は特に制限されず、従来公知のものを用いることができる。離型剤としては、カルナバワックス、モンタン酸、ステアリン酸等の高級脂肪酸、高級脂肪酸金属塩、モンタン酸エステル等のエステル系ワックス、酸化ポリエチレン、非酸化ポリエチレン等のポリオレフィン系ワックスなどが挙げられる。離型剤は、1種類を単独で用いても2種類以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
本開示の硬化性樹脂組成物は、着色剤を含んでいてもよい。着色剤としてはカーボンブラック、有機染料、有機顔料、酸化チタン、鉛丹、ベンガラ等の公知の着色剤を挙げることができる。着色剤の含有量は目的等に応じて適宜選択できる。着色剤は、1種類を単独で用いても2種類以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
本開示の硬化性樹脂組成物は、難燃剤を含んでいてもよい。難燃剤は特に制限されず、従来公知のものを用いることができる。難燃剤としては、ハロゲン原子、アンチモン原子、窒素原子又はリン原子を含む有機又は無機の化合物、金属水酸化物等が挙げられる。難燃剤は、1種類を単独で用いても2種類以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
本開示の硬化性樹脂組成物は、イオン交換体を含んでいてもよい。硬化性樹脂組成物を半導体パッケージの封止材として用いる場合には、封止される素子を備える電子部品装置の耐湿性及び高温放置特性を向上させる観点から、無機のイオン交換体を含有することが好ましい。
イオン交換体は特に制限されず、従来公知のものを用いることができる。具体的には、ハイドロタルサイト化合物、並びに、マグネシウム、アルミニウム、チタン、ジルコニウム及びビスマスからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素の含水酸化物が挙げられる。イオン交換体は、1種類を単独で用いても2種類以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。具体的には、イオン交換体としては、下記一般式(A)で表されるハイドロタルサイトが挙げられる。
(0<X≦0.5、mは正の数)
本開示の硬化性樹脂組成物は、流動性の観点から、以下の方法により求められるスパイラルフローが、100cm以上であることが好ましく、120cm以上であることがより好ましく、140cm以上であることがさらに好ましく、160cm以上であることが特に好ましい。スパイラルフローの上限値は特に限定されず、例えば170cm以下であってもよい。
用試験片について、ショア硬度計D型(例えば、高分子計器(株)製)を用いて熱時硬度(175℃)を測定する。試験片は、トランスファー成形機と円板金型を用いて、175℃、120秒、圧力7MPaの条件にて硬化性樹脂組成物を硬化及び成形して得る。測定は、試験片の作製直後にプレス中にて行う。
当該線膨張率の上限値は、パッケージ部材との熱応力発生抑制の観点から、60ppm/℃以下であることが好ましく、55ppm/℃以下であることがより好ましく、50ppm/℃以下であることがさらに好ましい。
硬化性樹脂組成物の製造方法は、特に制限されない。一般的な手法としては、所定の配合量の成分をミキサー等によって十分混合した後、ミキシングロール、押出機等によって溶融混練し、冷却し、粉砕する方法を挙げることができる。より具体的には、例えば、上述した成分の所定量を均一に攪拌及び混合し、予め70℃~140℃に加熱してあるニーダー、ロール、エクストルーダー等で混練し、冷却し、粉砕する方法を挙げることができる。
本開示の硬化性樹脂組成物の用途は特に制限されず、例えば電子部品装置の封止材として種々の実装技術に用いることができる。また、本開示の硬化性樹脂組成物は、各種モジュール用樹脂成形体、モーター用樹脂成形体、車載用樹脂成形体、電子回路用保護材用封止材等、樹脂組成物が良好な流動性及び硬化性を有することが望ましい種々の用途に用いることができる。
本開示の電子部品装置は、素子と、素子を封止する上記硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物とを備える。
支持部材としては、リードフレーム、配線済みのテープキャリア、配線板、ガラス、シリコンウエハ、有機基板等が挙げられる。上記支持部材の中でも、上記硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物との接着性の観点からリードフレームが好ましい。
粗面化方法は、特に限定されるものではなく、アルカリ処理、シランカップリング処理、サンドマット処理、プラズマ処理、コロナ放電処理等が挙げられる。
(1)リードフレーム上に素子を固定し、ボンディングパッド等の素子の端子部とリード部とをワイヤボンディング、バンプ等を用いて接続した後、硬化性樹脂組成物を用いて封止した構造を有するDIP(Dual Inline Package)、PLCC(Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier)、QFP(Quad Flat Package)、SOP(Small Outline Package)、SOJ(Small Outline J-lead Package)、TSOP(Thin Small Outline Package)、TQFP(Thin Quad Flat Package)等の一般的な樹脂封止型IC;
(2)テープキャリアにバンプを用いて接続した素子を、硬化性樹脂組成物を用いて封止した構造を有するTCP(Tape Carrier Package);
(3)支持部材上に形成した配線に、ワイヤボンディング、フリップチップボンディング、はんだ等を用いて接続した素子を、硬化性樹脂組成物を用いて封止した構造を有するCOB(Chip On Board)モジュール、ハイブリッドIC、マルチチップモジュール等;
(4)裏面に配線板接続用の端子を形成した支持部材の表面に素子を搭載し、バンプ又はワイヤボンディングを用いて素子と支持部材に形成された配線とを接続した後、硬化性樹脂組成物を用いて素子を封止した構造を有するBGA(Ball Grid Array)、CSP(Chip Size Package)、MCP(Multi Chip Package)、SiP(System in a Package)等
表1に示す配合の材料を予備混合(ドライブレンド)した後、二軸ロール(ロール表面温度:約80℃)で約15分間混練し、冷却し、粉砕して粉末状の硬化性樹脂組成物を製造した。なお、エポキシ樹脂のエポキシ基に対するフェノール系硬化剤のフェノール性水酸基(活性水素)の当量比は、0.7とした。
・硬化剤B:トリフェニルメタン型フェノール樹脂、水酸基当量104g/eq
・硬化剤C:アルキル変性型フェノール樹脂、水酸基当量224g/eq
・硬化剤D:アミノトリアジン変性型フェノール樹脂、アミン当量120g/eq
・無機充填材:トップカット75μm、体積平均粒子径19μmの球状シリカ粒子
・カップリング剤B:3-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン
・カップリング剤C:3-メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシラン
・着色剤:カーボンブラック
・イオン交換体:ハイドロタルサイト
・応力緩和剤B:トリフェニルホスフィンオキサイド
・応力緩和剤C:クマロン樹脂、軟化点100℃
・応力緩和剤D:エポキシ当量1660、軟化点80℃の特定分岐状ポリシロキサン
実施例及び比較例において調製した硬化性樹脂組成物の特性を下記方法により測定及び評価した。評価結果を表2に示す。
上述の方法により、硬化性樹脂組成物のスパイラルフローを測定した。
上述の方法により、硬化性樹脂組成物のゲルタイムを測定した。
上述の方法により、硬化性樹脂組成物の175℃における粘度を測定した。
上述の方法により、硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物について180℃~200℃の熱膨張率を測定した。熱機械的分析装置としては、セイコーインスルツメンツ株式会社製のTMA/SS6100を用いた。
上記線膨張率の測定により得られた、10℃~30℃における接線と、200℃~220℃における接線との交点の温度を硬化物のガラス転移温度とした。
上述の方法により、硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物について260℃における熱膨張率を測定した。粘弾性測定装置としては、TA Instruments社製、RSAIIIを用いた。
上述の方法により、硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物についてAg(銀)に対する接着強度を測定した。測定装置としては、ノードソン社製、製品名4000 Optimaを用いた。
上述の方法により、硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物について熱時硬度を測定した。測定装置
としては、高分子計器(株)製のショア硬度計D型を用いた。
上述の方法により、硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物について熱時強度を測定した。測定装置としては、アイコーエンジニアリング株式会社、卓上試験機1301Kを用いた。
上記条件により形成した硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物を用いて封止したシリコンチップ(縦8mm、横10mm、厚さ0.4mm)を搭載した外形寸法が縦20mm、横14mm、厚さ2mmの80ピンフラットパッケージ(リードフレーム材質:AgCu)を作製した。
上記パッケージを85℃、85%RHで168時間(MSL1)、及び85℃、60%RHで168時間(MSL2)の2条件で加熱した。
その後、260℃において、10秒間のリフロー処理をそれぞれ行い、パッケージ内部の剥離発生の有無を超音波探傷装置(日立建機株式会社製、HYE-FOCUS)でそれぞれ観察した。試験パッケージ数(16個)に対する、剥離が発生したパッケージ数により剥離性を評価した。
表3に示す配合の材料を予備混合(ドライブレンド)した後、二軸ロール(ロール表面温度:約80℃)で約15分間混練し、冷却し、粉砕して粉末状の硬化性樹脂組成物を製造した。なお、エポキシ樹脂のエポキシ基に対するフェノール系硬化剤のフェノール性水酸基(活性水素)の当量比は、0.7とした。
・エポキシ樹脂B:硫黄原子含有型エポキシ樹脂、エポキシ当量238g/eq~254g/eq、融点116℃~126℃
・エポキシ樹脂C:トリフェニルメタン型(但し、アルキル基及びアルコキシ基を有さない)、エポキシ当量169g/mol、軟化点60℃
・エポキシ樹脂D:オルトクレゾール型、エポキシ当量200g/eq
・エポキシ樹脂E:上記式(2)で表されるトリフェニルメタン型エポキシ樹脂、エポキシ当量214g/eq、融点85℃
・硬化剤B:トリフェニルメタン型フェノール樹脂、水酸基当量104g/eq
・硬化剤C:アルキル変性型フェノール樹脂、水酸基当量224g/eq
・無機充填材:トップカット75μm、体積平均粒子径19μmの球状シリカ粒子
・カップリング剤B:3-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン
・カップリング剤C:3-メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシラン
・着色剤:カーボンブラック
・イオン交換体:ハイドロタルサイト
・応力緩和剤B:トリフェニルホスフィンオキサイド
・応力緩和剤C:クマロン樹脂、軟化点100℃
実施例及び比較例において調製した硬化性樹脂組成物の特性を上記方法により測定及び評価した。評価結果を表4に示す。
本開示における全ての文献、特許出願、及び技術規格は、個々の文献、特許出願、及び技術規格が参照により取り込まれることが具体的かつ個々に記された場合と同程度に、本開示中に参照により取り込まれる。
Claims (13)
- アルキル基及びアルコキシ基からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を有するトリフェニルメタン型エポキシ樹脂を含む、硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 前記トリフェニルメタン型エポキシ樹脂に含まれるベンゼン環が、アルキル基を2以上有する、請求項1に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 前記トリフェニルメタン型エポキシ樹脂の主鎖に含まれるベンゼン環が、アルキル基を2以上有する、請求項1に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 前記アルキル基が、t-ブチル基を含む、請求項1に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
- ポリシロキサン系応力緩和剤をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリシロキサン系応力緩和剤が、下記構造単位(a)及び(b)を有し、末端がR1、水酸基及びアルコキシ基からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の官能基であり、エポキシ当量が500g/eq~4000g/eqである分岐状ポリシロキサンを含む、請求項5に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
〔R1は、炭素数1~12の非置換の、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アリール基、又はアラルキル基を示し、分岐状ポリシロキサン中にR1が複数存在する場合、複数のR1はそれぞれ同一であっても異なっていてもよい。Xは、2,3-エポキシプロピル基、3,4-エポキシブチル基、4,5-エポキシペンチル基、2-グリシドキシエチル基、3-グリシドキシプロピル基、4-グリシドキシブチル基、2-(3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシル)エチル基、又は3-(3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシル)プロピル基を示す。〕 - 硬化物としたときの260℃における弾性率が400MPa以下、硬化物としたときの180℃~200℃の線膨張率が32ppm/℃以上、且つ85℃、85%RHで処理後のAg(銀)に対する硬化物の接着強度が0.45MPa以上である、硬化性樹脂組成物。
- EMMI-1-66に準じたスパイラルフローが、100cm以上である、請求項7に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 硬化物としたときの熱時硬度が56以上である、請求項7に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 硬化物としたときの熱時強度が3MN/m2以上である、請求項7に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物。
- 素子と、前記素子を封止する請求項1~請求項10のいずれか一項に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物の硬化物と、を備える電子部品装置。
- 前記素子を一方の面に搭載するリードフレームを備える、請求項11に記載の電子部品装置。
- 前記リードフレームがAgを含む、請求項12に記載の電子部品装置。
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-
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- 2023-12-11 CN CN202380037620.XA patent/CN119173552A/zh active Pending
- 2023-12-11 WO PCT/JP2023/044232 patent/WO2024128191A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2023-12-13 TW TW112148608A patent/TW202428683A/zh unknown
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| JPS63226951A (ja) * | 1987-03-16 | 1988-09-21 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 樹脂封止型半導体装置 |
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| WO2025142654A1 (ja) * | 2023-12-26 | 2025-07-03 | 株式会社レゾナック | 硬化性樹脂組成物及び電子部品装置 |
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