WO2024100585A1

WO2024100585A1 - Comminution device with plate element

Info

Publication number: WO2024100585A1
Application number: PCT/IB2023/061311
Authority: WO
Inventors: Piotr SZCZELINA; Nicolai PAPAJEWSKI; Michael MERGNER
Original assignee: FLSmidth AS
Current assignee: FLSmidth AS
Priority date: 2022-11-09
Filing date: 2023-11-09
Publication date: 2024-05-16
Anticipated expiration: 2025-05-09

Abstract

The invention relates to a comminution device (2), in particular an eccentric roll crusher, for comminuting material to be comminuted, the comminution device (2) having a housing (4) with two opposite side walls (10), a crushing jaw (14) between the side walls (10), and a roll (20) arranged at least in sections between the side walls (10) for comminuting the material to be comminuted on the crushing jaw (14), wherein the roll (20) is rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation (22) in the side walls (10) by means of a bearing (24) of the roll (20), wherein the side walls (10) run transverse to the axis of rotation (22) and/or parallel to each other, and wherein at least one of the side walls (10) has or is formed from a stacked composite (26) of at least two plate elements (28)

Description

Comminution device with plate element

The invention relates to a comminution device for comminuting material to be comminuted, having a housing and a roll arranged rotatably in the housing. In particular, the comminution device is an eccentric roll crusher.

The comminution device is intended for comminuting material to be comminuted, such as hard rock and ore.

The housing is usually one of the supporting elements of the comminution device. Typically, the housing connects or supports other components or parts of the comminution device and takes on loads from the comminution process. One of the most stressed points is the connection between the roll and a housing side wall. The housing side wall usually has a plate element with a receptacle for mounting the roll and is typically reinforced by welded and/or cast ribbing. The reason for the reinforcement is high comminution forces in the form of compressive forces on the roll, which are transmitted from the bearing to the side wall, e.g. of the order of 1 kN up to 1000 kN or more. This can threaten to deform the side walls. The typical ribbing is very complex to produce and also susceptible to manufacturing errors.

The object of the invention is therefore to specify a comminution device with which the disadvantages of the prior art are avoided or at least substantially reduced. In particular, it is an object that the present invention proposes a comminution device that can be produced more cost-effectively and/or has a housing that is reinforced in an economical manner.

According to the invention, the object is achieved by a comminution device according to claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

A comminution device, in particular an eccentric roll crusher, for comminuting material to be comminuted is proposed. The comminution device has:

■ a housing with two opposite side walls, ■ a crushing jaw between the side walls, and

■ a roll arranged at least in sections between the side walls for comminuting the material to be comminuted on the crushing jaw,

■ wherein the roll is rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation in the side walls by means of a bearing of the roll,

■ wherein the side walls run transverse to the axis of rotation and/or parallel to each other, and

■ wherein at least one of the side walls has or is formed from a stacked composite of at least two plate elements.

In the comminution device, in particular an eccentric roll crusher, preferably with the roll as a movable comminution means, a crushing jaw or a plurality of crushing jaws arranged one above the other, which form a set of crushing jaws, is/are used as the stationary comminution means. In particular, the crushing jaw or the set of crushing jaws is arranged and/or mounted in the housing and/or between the side walls. The side walls can be arranged transversely and/or perpendicularly to the axis of rotation. The side walls can run or be arranged at least substantially parallel to one another in order to create high mechanical stability during comminution. In particular, the roll is mounted for eccentric rotation about the axis of rotation by means of the bearing of the roll.

The roll serves as the movable comminution means, which is typically arranged at a distance from the in particular stationary comminution means and which can in particular carry out an eccentric movement with respect to the axis of rotation of the roll, as a result of which the distance to the comminution means can change periodically. In particular, the roll is mounted so that it can rotate eccentrically about the axis of rotation. The roll preferably has a diameter transverse to the axis of rotation in the range from 1.5 m up to 3 m, in particular 1.8 m up to 2.5 m. The roll preferably has a width between the side walls in the range from 1 m up to 4 m, in particular 1 .4 m up to 3.4 m.

For mounting, so in this case for rotatably holding the roller, the mounting has, for example, at least one bearing, preferably a radial bearing, e.g. ball bearing and/or roller bearing. In particular, at least one bearing is provided in the region of each of the two side walls and/or on the end faces of the roll. The bearing can be fixed in particular with an outer ring of the bearing in the side wall, preferably on a bearing plate element, in particular on an opening of the bearing plate element. The bearing can be fixed in particular with an inner ring of the bearing on the roll. The inner ring and the outer ring are in particular arranged coaxially and can typically be rotated in relation to one another with little friction via roll bodies.

The roll can be equipped and/or driven with a drive device of the comminution device. The drive device can have a motor, in particular an electric motor, or another motor for applying a rotation to the roll. A drive power of the drive device, preferably of the motor, is preferably provided in the range from 100 kW up to 1000 kW, in particular 160 kW up to 800 kW. In particular, a drive of the roll by the drive device is provided by means of a V-belt drive. Particularly in connection with one of the above-specified diameters or one of the above-specified widths of the roll, high throughputs of material to be comminuted can be achieved in this way.

The side walls preferably form a part of the housing, in particular wherein further side walls are able to be provided.

Material to be comminuted that is to be comminuted and/or material to be comminuted that has been comminuted can be present in a crushing chamber. The crushing chamber typically extends over a region of the comminution device through which the material to be comminuted passes during comminution. A crushing chamber is defined in particular by the distance between an outer circumference of the roll and a surface of the crushing jaws facing this circumference. In particular, at least two, preferably three or more crushing jaws forming a set of crushing jaws are arranged along a circular arc, wherein this circular arc has in particular a larger radius than the circular line corresponding to the outer circumference of the roll. The crushing jaws of a set of crushing jaws can each be at an angle to one another on their respective outer side, which faces away from the roll. The crushing jaws can have rounded surfaces on their inner side facing the roll, in particular rounded surfaces in the shape of a partial circular arc. These rounded surfaces preferably together form a surface in the shape of a partial circular arc, which forms the crushing surface of the crushing jaws, wherein the crushing surface can come into contact with the material to be comminuted during the crushing process. Since this partial circular arc formed by the crushing surface of the crushing jaws generally has a larger radius than the circumference of the roll, the partial circular arc and circumference approach each other, so that particularly preferably a crescent-shaped, continuously narrowing crushing chamber results.

If a set of crushing jaws is provided with, for example, two or three crushing jaws, then there is a crushing jaw referred to herein as "upper" with its curved surface facing the roll further away from the roll than the next crushing jaw arranged next to it, which is referred to herein as “lower” when there are a total of two crushing jaws and as the “middle” crushing jaw when there are a total of three or more crushing jaws present. During the crushing process, the material to be comminuted or the material comminuted moves in the direction of gravity from top to bottom, which is why the aforementioned designations were chosen. From this point of view, one crushing jaw is at the top and one crushing jaw is at the bottom, thus closest to the roll, and since the intermediate space between the roll and the crushing jaws that acts as a crushing chamber tapers continuously due to the crescent shape described above, the crushing chamber is narrower in the region of the crushing jaw(s) located further below than in the crushing jaw(s) located further up; in this region one can also speak of a crushing gap.

At least one of the side walls has or is formed from a composite of at least two or three plate elements stacked along the axis of rotation. In other words, a sandwich is composed of a plurality of plate elements in order to form the side wall at least in sections, preferably completely.

During operation of the comminution device, the side walls must counteract or absorb high forces from the roll. For this it is necessary to design the side walls to be correspondingly stiff. The classic way to achieve this is to increase the material thickness and/or provide ribbing. The invention now brings the advantage that the side wall or the side walls do not have to be made from a cost-intensive solid material of great thickness that is difficult to transport. Rather, it is sufficient to provide a plurality of, so at least two, in particular thinner, plate elements which are brought onto one another, in particular fixed to one another. A stiff side wall can be created in this way, but it does not have to consist of a single solid material.

In particular, the present invention proposes a sectional sandwich design of the housing, in particular in the region of the roll bearing. For example, instead of complex ribbing of the side walls and/or an expensive or unwieldy raw material thickness of the side walls, a plurality of plate elements are stacked, in particular bolted and/or screwed together, in order to form and/or reinforce a side wall. In the stacked composite or composite, in particular the plate elements that form a bearing support for the roll and thus create the connection between the roll and the housing, in particular so-called bearing plate elements, are contained and/or enclosed.

The composite may be stacked along the axis of rotation of the roll. In particular, the composite is stacked normally to the axis of rotation. In other words, a thickness of the composite of a plurality of plate elements is measured in the direction of the axis of rotation of the roll. Thus, a plane of each plate element extends perpendicularly to the axis of rotation of the roll.

In particular, the plate elements are made of or with metal, plastic and/or wood. The plastic can be a thermoplastic and/or a duroplastic plastic. The plate element, in particular the plastic, can have a fiber reinforcement made of glass fiber, carbon fiber and/or another fiber. In particular, glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP) is particularly suitable for the plate elements because they are easy to drill and have high strength.

In particular, at least one of the plate elements is made of, in particular fiber- reinforced, preferably glass fiber-reinforced, plastic or consists of it. Preferably, a plurality of or all of the plate elements of a composite side wall are designed in this way. A high-strength sidewall can thus be provided.

In particular, at least one plate element, preferably all plate elements of the composite, is/are designed as a metal sheet or has/have one. The composite of plate elements can have at least one plate element with a modulus of elasticity of 210,000 N/mm^A2, in particular +/- 5%. A plate element with such a modulus of elasticity can be a steel sheet, made of a steel alloy or a plate element made of a stainless steel alloy or made of stainless steel. The plate element or another plate element consisting of the composite can have a modulus of elasticity in a range from 180,000 N/mm^A2 to 240,000 N/mm^A2. A plate element made of a light metal alloy (e.g. aluminum, magnesium and/or alloys thereof) with a modulus of elasticity in a range of 80,000 N/mm^A2 to 120,000 N/mm^A2 and/or with a yield strength of 355 MPa +/- 5% may also be present (yield strength measured according to DIN EN ISO 6892-1 :2020-06).

In particular, at least one of the plate elements can have or consist of structural steel, e.g. S355J2+N. The use of low-alloy steel (up to 5 at. -% alloying elements in iron) or high-alloy steel (greater than 5 at. -% alloying elements in iron) is possible here and not excluded. High-alloy steel is particularly advantageous in terms of increased volume-related strength, so that volume can possibly be saved compared to low-alloy steel. In contrast, low-alloy steel, especially structural steel, can be welded better than high-alloy steel.

In particular, at least one of the plate elements of the composite, preferably the bearing plate element and/or a middle plate element arranged between two plate elements, is used as a wear plate made of wear-resistant steel, e.g. XAR or Thyssenkrupp XAR® and/or steel, preferably with a degree of hardness - e.g. Brinell hardness with approx. 10%-15% tolerance - of 300, 400, 450, 500 or 600, designed to offer increased wear protection.

The geometry, surface size in the radial direction to the axis of rotation of the roll, and surface shape of all plate elements can correspond to the geometry and surface shape of a previously known ribbed surface. For example, a rectangular shape, for example a square shape, is conceivable. In particular, at least two plate elements of the composite have the geometry, surface size in the radial direction to the axis of rotation of the roll, and surface shape corresponding to the geometry and surface shape of a previously known ribbed surface.

A ratio between a number of connection points, in particular the connection points each having at least one screw connection, between the plate elements and an area size of the plate elements is, for example, in a range from 2/m^A2 to 15/m^A2. In particular, the number of connection points in the region of the roll bearing is in a range of 15/m^A2 and decreases with the radial distance from the roll bearing.

It can also be provided that the number of connection points has a first uniform distribution in the region of the bearing and a second uniform distribution in the region of a periphery of the roll bearing. The number of connection points has a first uniform distribution in the region of the bearing and a second uniform distribution in the region of a periphery of the roll bearing.

In particular, the first distribution is provided with a denser arrangement of connection points per unit area of a plate element or the composite than the second distribution. In other words, the first distribution may have fewer connection points than the second distribution, but still produce a locally stronger connection than the second distribution due to a closer arrangement of connection points along the plate elements next to one another.

At least two of the plate elements among the plate elements of the composite are heavy sheets in accordance with DIN EN 10079 - 2007-06. The plate elements of the composite can each have a thickness in a range of 10 mm to 200 mm, in particular in a range of 50 mm to 100 mm.

The composite of/with the plate elements can be connected via a screw connection or by bolting to other side walls of the housing of the comminution device, for example extending along the axis of rotation of the roll. It can also be provided that the composite is welded to the other side walls. It is also conceivable that the other side walls, which extend along the axis of rotation of the roll, are formed from one or a plurality of plate elements of the composite. In other words, in this case the plate elements, which simultaneously form a side wall involved in supporting the roll and a side wall extending along the axis of rotation of the roll, are bent and/or folded over.

The stacked composite of at least two or three or even more plate elements forms a very rigid connection between the bearing of the roll and the side walls and additionally reinforces the side wall against bending over a large area. According to the invention, the reinforcing is increased by, for example, 30% or more compared to a known design with ribs.

For example, a composite of three plate elements or four plate elements is provided. It is conceivable that the composite of plate elements at a housing opening on the housing, which exposes a roll shell of the roll and is designed to accommodate material to be comminuted, has an additional plate element at this housing opening, which extends tangentially to the axis of rotation of the roll with its longitudinal axis, i.e. it is rectangular. The additional plate element extends radially to the axis of rotation of the roll by 1/5 to 1/3 of a total length of a surface of the composite. The additional plate element extends tangentially to the axis of rotation of the roll by 3/4 to completely over a total width of a surface of the composite. In particular, the additional plate element is folded, in particular along its longitudinal axis, for example at an edge region of the surface of the composite.

Furthermore, the proposed solution is easy to manufacture. Plate elements that, for example, only have to be provided with holes for screwing and/or bolting, for example need to be drilled or milled, are cheaper than a thicker-walled solid material and/or a ribbed plate element and are quite insensitive to manufacturing errors.

According to a modified embodiment, it is provided that the two side walls have the stacked composite of at least two plate elements or are formed from it, in particular via at least one screw connection at a connection point. In other words, both opposite side walls should be formed from or have a plurality of plate elements. The comminution device is thus designed to be more advantageous on both sides. The bearing of the roll is therefore equally strong on both sides, and a more uniform mechanical load on the roll is promoted. Alternatively, according to a modified embodiment, one side wall can have ribs and the other side wall can be formed by a plate element composite of the type according to the invention. This combination of side walls can, depending on the application, i.e. depending on the type of material being comminuted, reduce vibrations on the housing, which, for example, can extend maintenance cycles, e.g. the screw connections of the housing.

According to a modified embodiment, it is provided that the plate element(s) of the composite has/have an opening on the axis of rotation for fastening the bearing of the roll. In particular, a plurality or all of the plate elements have the opening. Openings of different sizes can also be provided. In particular, the openings are to be assigned or arranged coaxially. This ensures that the bearing can be arranged in the plate elements and that the plate elements equally encompass the bearing or the axis of rotation.

According to a modified embodiment, it is provided that at least two of the, in particular all, plate elements of the composite are connected to one another at connection points. A connection at connection points and not over the entire surface can reduce the manufacturing effort. The plate elements of the composite can also be transported individually to the assembly site, which can reduce the transport effort, for example, because no heavy-duty transport is required.

According to a modified embodiment, it is provided that the connection points have a first distribution in a region of the greatest load capacity and the connection points have a second distribution in a peripheral region of the greatest load capacity. The distribution of the connection points can involve a large number of connection points in the region of greatest load capacity, i.e. a particularly large number of connection points. The modified embodiment can advantageously also include that a number of connection points are subsequently increased on site and during operation of the comminution device. For example, one or a plurality of strain gages or an alternative, equivalent means for measuring a stress on one or more plate elements can be applied/attached/integrated to a surface/a plurality of surfaces of the plate element composite. The number of connection points may decrease from the region of greatest load capacity toward a peripheral region of the region of greatest load capacity. The network can have several such regions with a larger number of connection points. The number of connection points decreases in the direction of a periphery of the region of greatest load capacity. The number of connection points can be gradual, e.g. in the form of a first distribution and a second distribution at connection points, or third and further distributions at connection points, or continuously decreasing.

According to a modified embodiment, it is provided that the connection points on the bearing have a first distribution and the connection points in a peripheral region of the bearing have a second distribution. The storage can be the region of the composite of plate elements in which the composite is subject to particularly high stress. The number of connection points can be particularly large in this first region.

According to a modified embodiment, it is provided that the comminution device has a housing opening on the housing, wherein the housing opening exposes a roll shell of the roll and is designed to accommodate material to be comminuted. The connection points at the housing opening have, in particular, a first distribution and the connection points in a peripheral region of the housing opening have, in particular, a second distribution. Alternatively or in addition to the bearing, the housing opening can be the region of the composite of plate elements in which the composite is subject to particularly high stress. The number of connection points can be particularly large in this first region.

According to a modified embodiment, it is provided that a number of connection points of the first distribution is greater than a number of connection points of the second distribution. In other words, this modified embodiment refers to previously described modified embodiments and defines the number of connection points for two distributions, i.e. for two different regions of the plate element composite. As already described, it can also be provided that there is a third and further distribution(s) of connection points on the network. Here, a number of connection points in the further distribution differ from a number of connection points in an adjacent distribution, i.e. from a distribution of the connection points in a region adjacent to the surface of the composite.

In all modified embodiments, the connection points can include that there is a continuous connection between all plate elements of the composite at this connection point or that at least two plate elements are connected to one another at this connection point. A number of connection points in a region then always refers to a total number of connection points in a surface area of the composite. For example, a composite of three plate elements can be provided. Two of the plate elements are then connected to each other with a uniform distribution over their entire surface. The third of the plate elements is then connected to both plate elements in the region of the bearing and/or in the region of the housing opening via further connection points. The connection points between the first two plate elements can be realized by welding. The connection points of all plate elements can then be implemented using screw connections and/or bolts.

According to a modified embodiment, it is provided that the plate elements, in particular at connection points or at the connection points, are bolted together by bolts, in particular along the axis of rotation. The bolts can be designed cylindrical. The bolts can secure the plate elements to one another in the transverse direction. The bolts ensure in particular that the plate elements fit together positively along their flat dimensions.

According to a modified embodiment, it is provided that the plate elements, in particular at connection points or at the connection points, are screwed together by screw connections, in particular along the axis of rotation. The screw connections can secure the plate elements to one another in the transverse direction. The screw connections in particular ensure a positive connection and/or a force connection or frictional connection of the plate elements to one another along their flat extensions and/or transversely thereto.

The screw connection has, for example, a screw with a screw head and a screw shaft connected to the screw head. The screw shaft typically has a thread. For example, the thread is a metric thread. The screw connection preferably has a screw nut and/or at least one washer that can be screwed onto the screw shaft, opposite the screw head. By screwing the screw nut, a tensile force can be applied to the composite between the screw nut and the screw head, as long as the screw connection also rests on the composite opposite the screw head resting on the composite.

It is expedient if the screw head and/or the screw nut have a hexagon, in particular an external hexagon, in order to be able to be operated with a tool. It is also possible for the screw head to be lens-shaped, facing away from the screw shaft, in order to be able to close robustly and convexly on the part of the roll.

Additionally or alternatively, a through opening is designed to correspond to the screw connection, in particular to the screw shaft. Preferably, the screw shaft on the screw head and/or the screw head can be designed to be non-round and/or polygonal in order to be fixed in the composite against rotation about its longitudinal axis. After inserting the screw into a through opening/hole in the side wall, the screw connection can be screwed successfully primarily or only on the outside or inside by means of the screw nut.

It is also possible for at least one plate element of the composite to have a thread, preferably a plate element facing the roll, in order to be able to screw the screw connection to the comminution device from an outer side by means of a screw. The thread is preferably provided at one of the through openings. This means there is no need for a screw nut. In particular, screws can be successfully screwed primarily or only on the outside. In addition, contact between the screw connection and the material to be comminuted can be at least substantially avoided.

For screw connections and/or the bolts, the plate elements or the composite can have through openings, in particular bores. The through openings for the bolts can be provided with a fit, in particular so that the bolts can act in the manner of dowel pins.

The bolts can have, for example, a conical inner bolt. The inner bolt can be drawn into the bolt along a particularly conical inside, for example with the aid of a screw. This allows one of the cylindrical outer surfaces of the bolt to expand. In particular, the bolt can be fixed in a through opening for the bolt by a radial expansion.

According to a modified embodiment, it is provided that the screw connections and/or bolts are arranged in a regularly distributed manner at least in certain regions within the side walls. The screw connections and/or bolts can be arranged at a regular interval in the manner of a checkerboard pattern. In this way, a uniform adhesion and/or positive fit is achieved in the composite, so that local excess forces are avoided.

According to a modified embodiment, it is provided that a bearing plate element is provided as one of the plate elements, wherein the bearing plate element is fixed directly to the bearing. The bearing plate element can be designed to accommodate the bearing, in particular in a positive manner around the axis of rotation, and/or can be provided with an oversized or undersized fit for the bearing. One of the plate elements can be specifically designed to hold the bearing, while another of the plate elements can be designed to be more cost-effective and simpler in this respect.

According to a modified embodiment, it is provided that the bearing plate element is arranged between two other plate elements. In other words, the bearing plate element should be enclosed in the sandwich. As a result, the bearing plate element is protected mechanically, in particular from the material to be comminuted.

According to a modified embodiment, it is provided that the bearing plate element has a greater thickness than the other plate elements and/or a receptacle at the opening to accommodate the bearing. This ensures that the bearing plate element has the highest rigidity in the composite in order to introduce the force from the roll via the bearing into the composite with the lowest possible deformation. In addition, the receptacle can ensure a uniform introduction of force into the bearing plate element, for example by the receptacle having a cylindrical inner surface that runs along the axis of rotation and is adapted to the bearing. For this purpose, the receptacle can protrude on one side or both sides of the bearing plate element along the axis of rotation, in particular can protrude on one side or both sides of the composite along the axis of rotation. The receptacle is in particular designed to be monolithic on the bearing plate element in order to ensure the best possible and fatigue-proof introduction of force. The bearing plate element, in particular the receptacle, can have a through-hole. The through-hole of the bearing plate element is in particular smaller than the through-hole of the other plate elements.

The bearing plate element can have a receptacle at the opening to accommodate the bearing. The receptacle can in particular have an at least substantially cylindrical inner surface, for example along the axis of rotation. The inner surface is adapted in particular to the bearing in order to accommodate the bearing, in particular through a large contact surface.

According to a modified embodiment, it is provided that the side walls are formed free of, in particular, monolithic ribbing. In other words, the side walls should not be provided with reinforcing ribs in the original form. No ribs should be cast and/or welded on during the manufacture of the housing or side walls. This avoids increased manufacturing effort and, according to the invention, composite plate element material can be used to increase the rigidity in order to form the side walls. In particular, with simple means - attaching a further plate element in the composite or enlarging the metal sheets, for example in the form of a flat widening, in particular transverse to the axis of rotation, and/or thickening of the metal sheets, in particular along the axis of rotation - the rigidity can be increased, without cost-intensive ribbing being taken into account.

The abbreviation "or" should always indicate alternative and/or synonymous features/terms in order to convey the idea of using a feature or term. "Or" can always be replaced with "and/or". In the following, the invention is explained by way of example with reference to the attached drawings using preferred exemplary embodiments, wherein it is possible for the features presented below to represent an aspect of the invention both individually and in combination. In the following:

Figure 1 shows a comminution device according to the invention in the form of a roll in a perspective view, Fig. 2 shows the comminution device in a side view of a side wall,

Fig. 3 shows the comminution device in a modified and perspective side view,

Fig. 4 shows the comminution device in the region of a bearing of the roll in one of the side walls in a perspective view,

Fig. 5 shows the comminution device in a sectional view through the side wall formed from a plurality of plate elements in the region of bolts, and

Fig. 6 shows the comminution device in a sectional view through the side wall formed from a plurality of plate elements in the region of a bearing.

Figs. 1-3 show a comminution device 2, more precisely an eccentric roll crusher, which is intended for comminuting material to be comminuted, in different views. Fig. 1 is a perspective view looking at a gap adjustment device 6, Fig. 2 is a side view looking parallel to an axis of rotation 22 of a roll 20 of the comminution device 2, and Fig. 3 is a perspective side view, wherein one of two side walls 10 is hidden to show the roll 20 and a crushing chamber 16.

The comminution device 2 has

■ a housing 4 with two opposite side walls 10,

■ three crushing jaws 14 of a crushing jaw set 12, which is arranged at least in sections between the side walls 10, and

■ the roll 20, which is arranged at least in sections between the side walls 10, for eccentric rotation about the axis of rotation 22 of the roll 20 and for comminuting the material to be comminuted on the crushing jaw 14.

The comminution device 2 has a housing opening 5 on the housing 4, wherein the housing opening 5 exposes a roll shell 21 of the roll 20 and is designed to accommodate material to be comminuted. The roll 20 is mounted eccentrically rotatable about the axis of rotation 22 in the side walls 10 by means of a bearing 24 of the roll 20.

The side walls 10 run transversely, more precisely orthogonally or perpendicularly, to the axis of rotation 22 and also at least substantially parallel to one another.

The side walls 10 each have a composite 26 of at least two, more precisely at least four, plate elements 28 stacked along the axis of rotation 22.

The roll 20 can be driven with a drive device of the comminution device 2 (not shown). An electric motor is preferably provided for the drive, which can drive the roll 20 via a V-belt drive (not shown).

In particular, the side walls 10 form a part or section of the housing 4.

As shown in particular in Fig. 3, a split grate 8 is arranged above the roll 20, via which the material to be comminuted is input into the comminution device 2. The split grate 8 screens the material to be comminuted, so that a fine particle from the material to be comminuted can be separated off separately and does not have to be guided to the crushing chamber 16.

The crushing chamber 16 is to be understood in particular as a space through which the material to be comminuted can move during comminution. In the present case, it is intended that the crushing chamber 16 basically refers to a gap between the roll 20 and the crushing jaws 14, which, as in the present case, can taper downwards or around the roll 22.

It is conceivable that an upper part of the crushing chamber 16, for example above the axis of rotation 22, functions at least predominantly to accommodate unbroken material to be comminuted. It is also conceivable that a lower part of the crushing chamber 16, for example below the axis of rotation 22, is understood as a crushing gap or has this, in particular wherein in the region of the crushing gap at least substantially the comminution is carried out and/or comminuted material to be comminuted can be removed. Typically, the crushing gap is arranged in the region of an output region for comminuted material to be comminuted.

In particular, the crushing chamber 16 is defined by a distance between an outer circumference of the roll 20 and a crushing surface 18 of the crushing jaws 14 facing this circumference. The three crushing jaws 14 forming a crushing jaw set 12 are arranged along a circular arc, wherein this circular arc has a larger radius than the circular line corresponding to the outer circumference of the roll 20. There is a crescent-shaped crushing chamber 16 that continuously narrows in the downward direction or in the direction of gravity.

The gap adjustment device 6, which can be controlled hydraulically and/or mechanically, in particular by means of a spindle drive, is designed to move the crushing jaws 14 back and forth onto the roll 20. The gap adjustment device 6 is arranged between the side walls 10 and in particular in the housing 4.

The roll 20 is mounted eccentrically rotatable about the axis of rotation 22. The roll 20 is mounted eccentrically rotatable about the axis of rotation 22. The rotation of the roll 20 on the bearing 24 leads to an oscillating movement of the roll 20 about the axis of rotation 22. It is common for the outer surface of the roll 20 to be arranged on the roll 20 in a freely rotatable manner. In particular, further bearings are provided inside the roll, which decouple the outer surface from a core of the roll 20 about an axis eccentric to the axis of rotation 22.

Fig. 4 substantially shows the section of the housing 4 with the side wall 10, which has the composite 26 of at least four plate elements 28 stacked along the axis of rotation 22. In particular, each side wall 10 has at least two plate elements 28. Within the composite 26 there is also a bearing plate element 28, 32, which will be discussed in more detail below.

In the present case, both side walls 10 have the composite 26 of at least four plate elements 28 stacked along the axis of rotation 22. Four of the plate elements 28 each have a through-hole 30 to enable the bearing 24 of the roll 20, in particular its fastening. The roll 20 protrudes through the plate elements 28 and is mounted on the plate elements 28. The through-hole 30 is arranged on the axis of rotation 22.

In the present case, one of the plate elements 28 does not have a through-hole 30. This plate element is only attached in sections above the roll 20 to a plate element 28 with a through-hole 30 and serves to reinforce an upper edge 52 of the side wall 10.

In particular, one of the plate elements 30[sic] serves to connect an inlet hood. For example, an outer one of the plate elements 30[sic] and/or one of the plate elements 30[sic] without the through-hole 30 serves this purpose. In particular, this plate element 30[sic] has an enlarged top support surface and/or a particularly folded support web. The inlet hood serves to guide the material to be comminuted and/or to protect the environment from the material to be comminuted.

In particular, Fig. 5 shows that the plate elements 28 are arranged one on top of the other and fixed to one another in order to form a sandwich of the plate elements 28 in a section of the side wall 10, wherein the bearing 24 of the roll 20 is present in the section.

In particular, the plate elements 28 are bolted together by bolts 38, specifically along the axis of rotation 22. The bolts 38 are designed cylindrical. The bolts 38 fix the plate elements 28 to one another in the transverse direction or transversely to the axis of rotation 22. The bolts 38 ensure a positive connection of the plate elements 28 to one another along their surface extents.

The plate elements 28 are also screwed together at connection points by screw connections 36, namely along the axis of rotation 22. The screw connections 36 attach the plate elements 28 to one another in the normal direction or along the axis of rotation 22 and in the transverse direction or transversely to the axis of rotation 22. The screw connections 36 ensure a positive connection and a frictional connection of the plate elements 28 to one another along their surface extents and transverse to them.

The plate elements 28 and the composite 36 have through openings 34 for the screw connections 36 and the bolts 38. The through openings 34 are, for example, provided with a fit so that the bolts 38 can function in the manner of dowel pins.

In particular, the bolts 38 have a presently conical inner bolt 54, which can be drawn into the bolt 38 along a conical inside 56 by a screw 58, so that one/the cylindrical outer surface 60 of the bolt 38 extends. In particular, the inner bolt 54 is slotted in the longitudinal direction, so that the radial extension is at least predominantly based on elastic deformation of the inner bolt 54. So the bolt 38 can be fixed in a through opening 34 for the bolt 38 by a radial extension.

The screw connections 36 and the bolts 38 are arranged in a regularly distributed manner within the side walls 10. The screw connections 36 and the bolts 38 are arranged at a regular distance in the manner of a checkerboard pattern, in particular distributed around the bearing 24.

The connection points that are arranged at the housing opening 5, in particular some connection points close to the housing opening 5 or some connection points above the roll 20, have a first distribution.

The connection points that are arranged in a peripheral region of the housing opening 5, in particular some connection points away from the housing opening 5 or some connection points below the roll 20, have a second distribution.

In particular, the number of connection points in the first distribution is greater than the number of connection points in the second distribution, in particular wherein the first distribution has a larger number of connection points per unit area of the side wall 20 than in the second distribution. One of the plate elements 28 is a bearing plate element 28, 32. The bearing plate element 32 is fixed directly to the bearing 24. The bearing plate element 28, 32 is designed in particular to accommodate the bearing 24 in a positive and/or nonpositive manner around the axis of rotation 22 and is provided with a fit for the bearing 24.

In the present case, the bearing plate element 28, 32 is arranged directly between two other plate elements 28. The bearing plate element 28, 32 is therefore not arranged directly on the crushing chamber 16.

The bearing plate element 28, 32 has a greater thickness 42 than the other plate elements 28. The bearing plate element 28, 32 preferably has a thickness 42 in the range from 10 mm up to 160 mm, in particular a thickness 42 of 80 mm +/- 15 mm.

The plate elements 28, in particular the plate elements 28 apart from the bearing plate element 28, 32, preferably have a thickness 40 in the range from 10 mm up to 180 mm, in particular a thickness 42 of 70 mm +/- 15 mm.

In other preferred embodiments of the invention, the plate elements 28 in particular have a thickness selected in the range from 10 mm up to 90 mm.

In particular, the bearing plate element 28, 32 has a receptacle 44 at the through- hole 30 for receiving the bearing 24. In the present case, the receptacle 44 has an at least substantially cylindrical inner surface 52, which runs along the axis of rotation 22 and is adapted to the bearing 24.

In particular, the receptacle 44 protrudes on both sides of the bearing plate element 28, 32 - as well as on the composite 26 as a whole - along the axis of rotation 22. In the present case, the receptacle 44 is formed monolithically on or with the bearing plate element 28, 32. The bearing plate element 28, 32 or the receptacle 44 has the through-hole 30. The through-hole 30 of the bearing plate element 28, 32 is smaller in the present case than the through-hole 30 of the remaining plate elements 28. The through-hole 30 of the bearing plate element 28, 32 is located within the receptacle 44. The receptacle 44 projects in particular through the through-holes 30 of the remaining plate elements 28 on both sides along the axis of rotation 20.

In particular, Fig. 6 shows that for supporting the roll 20, the bearing 24 has one bearing per side wall 10. The bearing in this case is a roller bearing.

In particular, the bearing 24 is fixed with an outer ring 48 of the bearing 24 in the side wall 10, more precisely on the bearing plate element 28, 32.

The bearing 24 is in particular fixed to the roll 10 with an inner ring 46 of the bearing 24.

The inner ring 46 and outer ring 48 are arranged coaxially and can be rotated against each other with little friction via a large number of roll bodies 50.

The side walls 10 are formed free of monolithic ribbing. In the case of the comminution device 2, no ribs were cast and/or welded on during the production of the housing 4 or the side walls 10.

List of Reference Numerals

2 comminution device

4 housing

5 housing opening

6 gap adjustment device

8 split grate

10 side wall

12 crushing jaw set

14 crushing jaw

16 crushing chamber

18 crushing surface

20 roll

21 roll shell

22 axis of rotation

24 bearing

26 composite

28 plate element

30 through-hole

32 bearing plate element

34 through opening

36 screw connection

38 bolt

40 thickness

42 thickness

44 receptacle

46 inner ring

48 outer ring

50 roll body

52 inner surface

54 inner bolt

56 inner side

58 screw

60 outer surface

Claims

1. Comminution device (2), in particular eccentric roll crusher, for comminuting material to be comminuted, the communication device (2) having

■ a housing (4) with two opposite side walls (10),

■ a crushing jaw (14) between the side walls (10), and

■ a roll (20) arranged at least in sections between the side walls (10) for comminuting the material to be comminuted on the crushing jaw (14),

■ wherein the roll (20) is rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation (22) in the side walls (10) by means of a bearing (24) of the roll (20),

■ wherein, in particular, the roll (20) is mounted for eccentric rotation about the axis of rotation (22) by means of the bearing (24) of the roll (20),

■ wherein the side walls (10) run transverse to the axis of rotation (22) and/or parallel to each other, and

■ wherein at least one of the side walls (10) has or is formed from a stacked composite (26) of at least two plate elements (28).

2. Comminution device (2) according to claim 1 , wherein the two side walls (10) have or are formed from the stacked composite (26) of at least two plate elements (28).

3. Comminution device (2) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plate element(s) (28) of the composite (26) has/have a through-hole (30) on the axis of rotation (22) for fastening the bearing (24) of the roll (20).

4. Comminution device (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least two of the, in particular all, plate elements (28) of the composite (26) are connected to one another at connection points.

5. Comminution device (2) according to the preceding claim, wherein the connection points in a region of the greatest load capacity have a first distribution and the connection points in a peripheral region of the greatest load capacity have a second distribution.

6. Comminution device (2) according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the connection points on the bearing (24) have a first distribution and the connection points in a peripheral region of the bearing (24) have a second distribution.

7. Comminution device (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, having a housing opening (5) on the housing (4), wherein the housing opening (5) exposes a roll shell (21 ) of the roll (20) and is designed to accommodate material to be comminuted, wherein the connection points on the housing opening (5) have a first distribution and the connection points in a peripheral region of the housing opening (5) have a second distribution.

8. Comminution device (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a number of the connection points of the first distribution is greater than a number of the connection points of the second distribution.

9. Comminution device (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the plate elements (28), in particular on the connection points, are bolted to one another by bolts (38), in particular along the axis of rotation (22).

10. Comminution device (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the plate elements (28), in particular at the connection points, are screwed together by screw connections (36), in particular along the axis of rotation (22).

11 . Comminution device (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the screw connections (26) and/or bolts (38) are arranged at least partially distributed regularly within the side walls (10).

12. Comminution device (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a bearing plate element (28, 32) is provided as one of the plate elements (28), wherein the bearing plate element (28, 32) is fixed directly to the bearing (24) of the roll (20).

13. Comminution device (2) according to the preceding claim, wherein the bearing plate element (28, 32) is arranged between two other plate elements (28).

14. Comminution device (2) according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the bearing plate element (28, 32) has a greater thickness (42) than the other plate elements (28) and/or a receptacle (44) on the through-hole (30) for receiving the bearing (24).

15. Comminution device (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the side walls (10) are formed free of ribbing.

16. Comminution device (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the plate elements (28) is made of or consists of, in particular fiber- reinforced, preferably glass fiber-reinforced, plastic.