WO2024078373A1 - Use of jojoba oil in preparation of e-liquid of electronic cigarette - Google Patents
Use of jojoba oil in preparation of e-liquid of electronic cigarette Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024078373A1 WO2024078373A1 PCT/CN2023/123137 CN2023123137W WO2024078373A1 WO 2024078373 A1 WO2024078373 A1 WO 2024078373A1 CN 2023123137 W CN2023123137 W CN 2023123137W WO 2024078373 A1 WO2024078373 A1 WO 2024078373A1
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- jojoba oil
- electronic cigarette
- cigarette liquid
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/16—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/16—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/167—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes in liquid or vaporisable form, e.g. liquid compositions for electronic cigarettes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/24—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by extraction; Tobacco extracts
- A24B15/26—Use of organic solvents for extraction
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/30—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abuse or dependence
- A61P25/34—Tobacco-abuse
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of electronic cigarette liquid preparation, and particularly relates to application of jojoba oil in preparing electronic cigarette liquid.
- Electronic cigarettes, or electronic nicotine delivery systems are rapidly gaining popularity at home and abroad. Since electronic cigarettes do not involve tobacco combustion, nicotine (nicotine) and other ingredients are atomized before inhalation. Compared with traditional cigarettes, although non-combustion can reduce the exposure of electronic cigarette users to toxic substances, users and non-users will still be exposed to aerosols containing electronic cigarette liquid ingredients.
- E-cigarette liquid or e-cigarette oil
- e-cigarette liquid consists of solvents, sometimes called humectants or stabilizers, as its largest component.
- solvents in e-cigarette liquid formulations are to keep other chemical ingredients such as nicotine and flavorings in suspension, enhance the absorption of wicking materials in the device, and produce atomized smoke plumes.
- the two most common solvents used in e-cigarette liquids are propylene glycol and glycerol (glycerol).
- the U.S. FDA classifies propylene glycol as "generally recognized as safe" (GRAS) in Subchapter B on Food and Human Consumption, which can be used for ingestion but not for atomization.
- GRAS generally recognized as safe
- Glycerol is also classified as "generally recognized as safe" in the same subchapter, but no maximum level is defined. Instead, the substance is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing practices.
- Propylene glycol and glycerol can be present in e-cigarette liquids in different proportions, generally accounting for 80% to 95% of the volume of e-cigarette liquid.
- Propylene glycol and glycerol are three-carbon compounds with two and three alcohol groups, respectively.
- the additional alcohol group on glycerol contributes to higher boiling point, viscosity, aerosol density, and lower vapor pressure compared to propylene glycol.
- Many e-cigarette merchants do not compare propylene glycol and glycerol by these measures, but instead compare them based on consumer-relevant criteria such as throat feel, residue buildup, and flavor intensity.
- Glycerol can add flavor to e-liquids and produce a lot of aerosol. These solvents are often found in e-liquid formulations as a mixture, with common propylene glycol:glycerol ratios of 10:90, 20:80, 50:50, and 80:20, although many other ratios exist on the market.
- the ratio of propylene glycol to glycerol affects many aspects of the e-cigarette experience, such as nicotine production, e-liquid consumption, and the production of toxic thermal decomposition products.
- Both propylene glycol and glycerol are airway irritants. Nebulized propylene glycol and glycerol can cause oral and throat irritation and dry cough. Acute inhalation of high-powered propylene glycol/glycerol aerosols can cause airway epithelial damage and a sustained decrease in transcutaneous oxygen tension in young smokers.
- Glycerol can increase the efficacy of inhalants. It is hygroscopic and can draw water into bronchial secretions and reduce their viscosity.
- rats are relatively resistant to short-term exposure to aerosolized propylene glycol, long-term exposure has been shown to increase the number of nasal goblet cells and mucin content, irritate the nasal and ocular mucosa, and cause laryngeal squamous metaplasia. ⁇ aurenF.
- 1,2-propylene glycol has adverse effects on the early development of zebrafish.
- e-cigarette liquid Since the largest components of e-cigarette liquid are solvents propylene glycol and glycerin, and propylene glycol and glycerin have the above-mentioned defects, long-term use may have adverse effects on users.
- Jojoba oil is extracted from a widely used medicinal plant that is cultivated worldwide.
- Jojoba oil consists of almost 98% pure wax (mainly wax esters, small amounts of free fatty acids, alcohols and hydrocarbons), sterols and vitamins.
- the main components of the sterol part are cholesterol, ⁇ -sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol and isoflavonesterol.
- the fat-soluble vitamins are mainly vitamin D and its derivatives, ⁇ , ⁇ and ⁇ tocopherols, of which ⁇ -tocopherol accounts for about 79% of these compounds.
- Other fat-soluble vitamins, such as vitamin A are also found, and there is almost no triglyceride, so it is widely called liquid wax rather than oil or fat.
- jojoba oil is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, particularly in cosmetics for topical, transdermal, and parenteral preparations, but is not currently used in e-cigarette liquids.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide an application of jojoba oil to replace or reduce propylene glycol and glycerin as a solvent for electronic cigarette liquid.
- Jojoba oil has the function of carrying nicotine and can well protect the lungs, bronchial and tracheal cells, and can be used as a solvent in the preparation of electronic cigarette liquid.
- the technical solution provided by the present invention is: an application of jojoba oil in the preparation of electronic cigarette liquid, in the process of preparing the electronic cigarette liquid, jojoba oil is used as a solvent.
- the components of the electronic cigarette liquid include 5 to 98 parts by weight of jojoba oil.
- the components of the electronic cigarette liquid include 65 to 95 parts by weight of jojoba oil.
- the components of the electronic cigarette liquid include 20 to 60 parts by weight of jojoba oil and 10 to 35 parts by weight of propylene glycol or glycerol or a mixture of the two.
- the components of the electronic cigarette liquid further include 1 to 20 parts of limonene and 0.5 to 10 parts of linalool by weight.
- the components of the electronic cigarette liquid also include 1 to 10 parts by weight of ethyl vanillin.
- the components of the electronic cigarette liquid further include 0.5 to 30 parts of nicotine or 1 to 20 parts of tobacco extract by weight.
- the electronic cigarette liquid is composed of the following components by weight: 80-95 parts of jojoba oil, 0.5-30 parts of nicotine, 2-10 parts of limonene, 0.5-5 parts of linalool, 1-2 parts of leaf alcohol, 5-10 parts of methyl cinnamate, and 1-5 parts of ethyl vanillin.
- the electronic cigarette liquid is composed of the following components by weight: 70-90 parts of jojoba oil, 3-10 parts of tobacco extract, 5-10 parts of limonene, 1-5 parts of linalool, 1-3 parts of leaf alcohol, 5-10 parts of methyl cinnamate, 2.5-5 parts of benzoic acid, and 2-5 parts of ethyl vanillin.
- the electronic cigarette liquid is composed of the following components by weight: 65-85 parts of jojoba oil, 5-20 parts of limonene, 1-5 parts of linalool, 1-3 parts of leaf alcohol, 5-10 parts of methyl cinnamate, 1-5 parts of ethyl vanillin, 0.5-3 parts of N,2,3-trimethyl-2-isopropylbutyramide, and 1-2 parts of peppermint oil.
- the content of jojoba oil can generally account for 5 to 98 parts by weight of the electronic cigarette liquid, wherein when jojoba oil replaces propylene glycol or glycerol (glycerol) and is used as the only solvent, the content of jojoba oil can account for 65 to 95 parts by weight of the electronic cigarette liquid.
- jojoba oil is used as the main solvent, and the content of propylene glycol or glycerol (glycerol) is reduced and used as an auxiliary solvent to reduce the harmful performance while improving the solubility performance.
- the content of jojoba oil can account for 20 to 60 parts by weight of the electronic cigarette liquid, and propylene glycol or glycerol or a mixture of the two is reduced to 10 to 35 parts.
- the jojoba oil in the present invention can volatilize at 200-250° C. to produce atomized vapor like smoke. Nicotine and shredded tobacco extract containing nicotine can be well soluble in jojoba oil. Nicotine can also be atomized with the jojoba oil and volatilized with the smoke, exerting physiological and pharmacological effects similar to those of nicotine when smoking. Therefore, jojoba oil can be used instead of propylene glycol and glycerin as a solvent for electronic cigarette liquid containing nicotine, and can also be used as a solvent for electronic cigarette liquid without nicotine.
- the present invention selects jojoba oil as the solvent of the e-cigarette liquid, mainly based on the fact that the oil has a protective effect on the lungs.
- Chinese scientists recently (2021) published a research report in "Pharmaceutics”, proving that jojoba oil has a good protective effect on lung injury.
- the title of their paper is "Inhalable Jojoba Oil Dry Nanoemulsion Powders for the Treatment of Lipopolysaccharide-or H2O2-Induced Acute Lung Injury" (Guoli Zhang, Pharmaceutics
- JNDs dry nanoemulsions
- LPS lipopolysaccharide
- H2O2 hydrogen peroxide
- DXM dexamethasone
- jojoba oil dry nanoemulsions had a higher anti-inflammatory effect on LPS-induced acute lung injury in rats than dexamethasone, with a decrease in total protein content, and downregulation of tumor necrosis factor- ⁇ (TNF- ⁇ ), interleukin-1 ⁇ (IL-1 ⁇ ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and NF- ⁇ Bp65.
- TNF- ⁇ tumor necrosis factor- ⁇
- IL-1 ⁇ interleukin-1 ⁇
- IL-6 interleukin-6
- NF- ⁇ Bp65 NF- ⁇ Bp65
- Jojoba oil dry nanoemulsion is a promising natural oil-containing inhalable drug for the treatment of acute lung injury induced by LPS or H2O2 in rats. Therefore, it can be considered that the use of jojoba oil as a solvent for electronic cigarette liquid is suitable and has a protective effect on acute lung injury. Therefore, the use of jojoba oil as a solvent for electronic cigarette liquid will be of great significance to the development of electronic cigarette liquid products in the future.
- the present invention adds limonene and linalool to jojoba oil as a solvent for electronic cigarette liquid, which can improve the taste and flavor of the electronic cigarette liquid, especially without the feeling of dry throat, without residue accumulation and increasing the flavor intensity. At the same time, it also has the effects of increasing memory, improving thinking, anti-anxiety and anti-depression by increasing nicotine.
- Limonene is a monoterpene of Rubiaceae, which has biological properties such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-injury and gastric protection. In recent years, since limonene can reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory response and regulate cell apoptosis and death, studying its pharmacological effects in various chronic diseases has aroused great interest.
- limonene can interact with GABA at A receptors and produce an anti-anxiety effect by increasing the concentration of GABA in the brain.
- Limonene can also directly act on the central nervous system and olfactory nerves to restore the imbalance of monoamine transmitters and play a role in improving mood and anti-depression.
- Linalool is also a monoterpene that acts on the central nervous system. It has shown anticonvulsant and sedative effects in both animals and humans. The effects of linalool are related to the serotonergic pathway. It regulates monoamine neurotransmitters in brain tissue through a different pathway from limonene, thereby producing an antidepressant effect.
- the invention adds limonene and linalool to the jojoba oil solvent, which can enhance the beneficial effects of nicotine in the electronic cigarette liquid.
- the distribution of nicotine can be more uniform, the electronic atomization can be more thorough, the carbonization residue can be extremely small, and the taste and flavor can be better.
- the invention is the best companion for preparing the electronic cigarette liquid with jojoba oil.
- the electronic smoking cessation liquid does not contain nicotine, but has the effects of nicotine in inhibiting monoamine oxidase, promoting monoamine neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine to play beneficial physiological functions, improving thinking, stabilizing emotions and preventing depression symptoms.
- the electronic cigarette liquid prepared by the present invention using jojoba oil as a solvent meets the quality requirements of the electronic cigarette liquid after pharmaceutical testing.
- Studies have shown that the electronic cigarette liquid prepared by the technical solution of the present invention will not cause toxicity to mice smoking continuously for 2 months.
- the present invention uses jojoba oil as a solvent to prepare electronic cigarette liquid, which solves the defects of using propylene glycol and glycerol as solvents, especially the adverse effects that long-term use may have on users.
- the jojoba oil used to replace or reduce propylene glycol and glycerol as the solvent of the electronic cigarette liquid proposed by the present invention is non-toxic, has the function of carrying and atomizing nicotine, and can have a good protective effect on the lungs, bronchial and tracheal cells, has no irritating effect on the skin, and shows high resistance to rancidity.
- the present invention adds limonene and linalool to jojoba oil as a solvent for the electronic cigarette liquid, which can improve the taste and flavor of the electronic cigarette liquid, especially without the feeling of dry throat, without residue accumulation and increasing the flavor intensity. At the same time, it also has the effects of increasing nicotine to increase memory, improve thinking, and resist anxiety and depression.
- the electronic cigarette liquid prepared according to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention meets the quality requirements of the electronic cigarette liquid after pharmaceutical testing. According to animal experimental observations, mice smoked the electronic cigarette liquid of the present invention for 2 months, twice a day, 1 hour each time, and no toxic reaction was found. Pathological examination of the heart, lung and brain tissues did not find any pathological morphological changes. Studies have shown that the electronic cigarette liquid prepared by the technical solution of the present invention will not cause toxicity to mice smoking continuously for 2 months.
- the present invention describes an application of jojoba oil in preparing electronic cigarette liquid, that is, in the process of preparing the electronic cigarette liquid, jojoba oil is used as a solvent.
- the components of the electronic cigarette liquid include 5 to 98 parts of jojoba oil used as a solvent, and other components include 1 to 20 parts of limonene, 0.5 to 10 parts of linalool, 1 to 10 parts of ethyl vanillin, 0.5 to 30 parts of nicotine or 1 to 20 parts of tobacco extract.
- jojoba oil can be selected from 51 to 59 parts, or 61 to 69 parts, or 71 to 79 parts, or 81 to 85 parts, or 86 to 90 parts, or 91 to 98 parts; nicotine can be selected from 0.5 to 5 parts, or 6 to 10 parts, or 11 to 20 parts, or 21 to 30 parts; tobacco extract can be selected from 1 to 10 parts, or 11 to 20 parts; limonene can be selected from 1 to 5 parts, or 6 to 9 parts, or 11 to 20 parts; linalool can be selected from 0.6 to 3 parts, or 3 to 6 parts, or 7 to 9 parts; ethyl vanillin can be selected from 1 to 4 parts, or 5 to 7 parts, or 8 to 10 parts.
- the components of the electronic cigarette liquid include 20 to 60 parts of jojoba oil used as a solvent, 10 to 35 parts of propylene glycol or glycerol or a mixture of propylene glycol and glycerol, and other components include 1 to 20 parts of limonene, 0.5 to 10 parts of linalool, 1 to 10 parts of ethyl vanillin, 0.5 to 30 parts of nicotine or 1 to 20 parts of tobacco extract.
- jojoba oil can be selected from 21 to 29 parts, or 31 to 39 parts, or 41 to 49 parts, or 51 to 59 parts; nicotine can be selected from 0.5 to 5 parts, or 6 to 10 parts, or 11 to 20 parts, or 21 to 30 parts; tobacco extract can be selected from 1 to 10 parts, or 11 to 20 parts; limonene can be selected from 1 to 5 parts, or 6 to 9 parts, or 11 to 20 parts; linalool can be selected from 0.6 to 3 parts, or 3 to 6 parts, or 7 to 9 parts; ethyl vanillin can be selected from 1 to 4 parts, or 5 to 7 parts, or 8 to 10 parts.
- the electronic cigarette liquid is composed of the following components by weight: 80-95 parts of jojoba oil as a solvent, and other components include 0.5-30 parts of nicotine, 2-10 parts of limonene, 0.5-5 parts of linalool, 1-2 parts of leaf alcohol, 5-10 parts of methyl cinnamate, and 1-5 parts of ethyl vanillin.
- the electronic cigarette liquid is composed of the following components by weight: 70-90 parts of jojoba oil as a solvent, other components including 3-10 parts of tobacco extract, 5-10 parts of limonene, 1-5 parts of linalool, 1-3 parts of leaf alcohol, 5-10 parts of methyl cinnamate, 2.5-5 parts of benzoic acid, and 2-5 parts of ethyl vanillin.
- the electronic cigarette liquid is composed of the following components by weight: 65-85 parts of jojoba oil as a solvent, other components including 5-20 parts of limonene, 1-5 parts of linalool, 1-3 parts of leaf alcohol, 5-10 parts of methyl cinnamate, 1-5 parts of ethyl vanillin, 0.5-3 parts of N,2,3-trimethyl-2-isopropylbutyramide, and 1-2 parts of peppermint oil.
- the formula and preparation method of the electronic cigarette liquid using jojoba oil as a solvent and containing nicotine are as follows: take 80.5g of jojoba oil, then add 1.5g of nicotine, 5g of limonene, 5g of linalool, 1g of leaf alcohol, 5g of methyl cinnamate, and 2g of ethyl vanillin to the jojoba oil, and heat appropriately to fully dissolve.
- the formula and preparation method of the electronic cigarette liquid using jojoba oil as a solvent and containing nicotine are as follows: take 50g of jojoba oil, then add 25g of glycerol, 1.5g of nicotine, 8g of limonene, 5g of linalool, 1.5g of leaf alcohol, 7g of methyl cinnamate, and 2g of ethyl vanillin to the jojoba oil, and heat appropriately to fully dissolve.
- jojoba oil is used as the main solvent component, and glycerol is added as the auxiliary solvent component.
- Another formula and preparation method of electronic cigarette liquid using jojoba oil as a solvent and containing nicotine is as follows: take 78g of jojoba oil, then add 1.5g of nicotine, 5g of limonene, 5g of linalool, 1g of leaf alcohol, 5g of methyl cinnamate, 2.5g of benzoic acid, and 2g of ethyl vanillin to the jojoba oil, and heat appropriately to fully dissolve.
- the formula and preparation method of the electronic cigarette liquid using jojoba oil as a solvent and containing tobacco extract are as follows: take 75g of jojoba oil, then add 10g of tobacco extract, 5g of limonene, 2g of linalool, 1g of leaf alcohol, 5g of methyl cinnamate, and 2g of ethyl vanillin to the jojoba oil, and heat appropriately to fully dissolve.
- Another formula and preparation method of an electronic cigarette liquid using jojoba oil as a solvent and containing no nicotine is as follows: take 80 g of jojoba oil, then add 8 g of limonene, 1.5 g of linalool, 1 g of leaf alcohol, 5 g of methyl cinnamate, 1.5 g of ethyl vanillin, 1 g of N, 2, 3-trimethyl-2-isopropylbutyramide, and 2 g of peppermint oil to the jojoba oil, and heat appropriately to fully dissolve.
- relevant ingredients such as linalool, limonene, leaf alcohol, menthol, vanillin, ethyl vanillin, N,2,3-trimethyl-2-isopropylbutanamide, benzoic acid and other substances allowed to be added in the national electronic cigarette standards are added to the electronic cigarette liquid solution using jojoba oil as a solvent to improve the taste and flavor of the electronic cigarette liquid.
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Abstract
Description
本发明属于电子烟烟液制备技术领域,特别涉及一种荷荷巴油在制备电子烟烟液的应用。The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic cigarette liquid preparation, and particularly relates to application of jojoba oil in preparing electronic cigarette liquid.
电子香烟,即电子尼古丁输送系统ENDS,目前在国内外迅速普及。由于电子烟不涉及烟草燃烧,尼古丁(烟碱)和其他成分在吸入前被雾化,与传统卷烟相比,虽然不燃烧可以减少电子烟使用者的有毒物质暴露,但使用者和非使用者还是会接触到含有电子烟烟液成分的气溶胶。Electronic cigarettes, or electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), are rapidly gaining popularity at home and abroad. Since electronic cigarettes do not involve tobacco combustion, nicotine (nicotine) and other ingredients are atomized before inhalation. Compared with traditional cigarettes, although non-combustion can reduce the exposure of electronic cigarette users to toxic substances, users and non-users will still be exposed to aerosols containing electronic cigarette liquid ingredients.
电子烟烟液,或称电子烟烟油,其中最大成分是溶剂,有时也称为保湿剂或稳定剂。电子烟烟液配方中,溶剂的目的是使其他化学成分如烟碱和调味剂保持悬浮状态,增强设备中芯吸材料的吸收,并产生雾化的烟气羽流。目前,电子烟烟液所用的两种最常见的溶剂是丙二醇和甘油(丙三醇)。美国FDA在关于食品和人类消费的B分章将丙二醇归类为“公认安全”(GRAS),可用于摄入,但不能用于雾化。它定义了消费品的最高含量,例如冷冻乳制品中的2.5%,调味料和调味料中的最高97%,以及所有其他食品类别中的2%。甘油在同一子章节中也被归类为“公认安全”,但未定义最高水平。相反,当按照良好生产规范使用时,该物质是公认安全。丙二醇和甘油在电子烟烟液中可以不同的比例存在,一般占电子烟烟液体积的80%~95%。丙二醇和甘油是分别具有两个和三个醇基团的三碳化合物。与丙二醇相比,甘油上的额外醇基有助于提高沸点、粘度、气溶胶密度和较低的蒸气压。许多电子烟商家并没有通过这些措施进行比较,而是根据与消费者相关的标准来比较丙二醇和甘油,例如喉咙感觉、残留物积聚和风味强度。甘油会增加电子烟烟液的味道并产生大量的气溶胶,这些溶剂通常以混合物形式存在于电子烟烟液配方中,常见的丙二醇:甘油比为10:90、20:80、50:50和80:20,尽管市场上存在许多其他比率。E-cigarette liquid, or e-cigarette oil, consists of solvents, sometimes called humectants or stabilizers, as its largest component. The purpose of solvents in e-cigarette liquid formulations is to keep other chemical ingredients such as nicotine and flavorings in suspension, enhance the absorption of wicking materials in the device, and produce atomized smoke plumes. Currently, the two most common solvents used in e-cigarette liquids are propylene glycol and glycerol (glycerol). The U.S. FDA classifies propylene glycol as "generally recognized as safe" (GRAS) in Subchapter B on Food and Human Consumption, which can be used for ingestion but not for atomization. It defines maximum levels for consumer products, such as 2.5% in frozen dairy products, up to 97% in flavorings and seasonings, and 2% in all other food categories. Glycerol is also classified as "generally recognized as safe" in the same subchapter, but no maximum level is defined. Instead, the substance is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing practices. Propylene glycol and glycerol can be present in e-cigarette liquids in different proportions, generally accounting for 80% to 95% of the volume of e-cigarette liquid. Propylene glycol and glycerol are three-carbon compounds with two and three alcohol groups, respectively. The additional alcohol group on glycerol contributes to higher boiling point, viscosity, aerosol density, and lower vapor pressure compared to propylene glycol. Many e-cigarette merchants do not compare propylene glycol and glycerol by these measures, but instead compare them based on consumer-relevant criteria such as throat feel, residue buildup, and flavor intensity. Glycerol can add flavor to e-liquids and produce a lot of aerosol. These solvents are often found in e-liquid formulations as a mixture, with common propylene glycol:glycerol ratios of 10:90, 20:80, 50:50, and 80:20, although many other ratios exist on the market.
丙二醇与甘油的比例会影响电子烟体验的许多方面,例如尼古丁产量、烟液消耗量和有毒热分解产物的产生。丙二醇和甘油都是气道刺激物,雾化丙二醇和甘油会引起口腔和咽喉刺激和干咳,高功率的丙二醇/甘油气雾剂的急性吸入会导致年轻吸烟者的气道上皮损伤和经皮氧张力持续下降。甘油可以增加吸入剂的功效,它具有吸湿性,可将水吸入支气管分泌物并降低其粘度。有报道当人类胚胎干细胞、小鼠神经干细胞和人类肺成纤维细胞暴露于几种电子烟补充溶液时,甘油和丙二醇不会引起细胞毒性作用。然而,与电子烟使用相关的反复且可能长期吸入甘油蒸气的情况与细胞水平的暴露不同,目前可用的数据不足以确定长期安全性。【PriscillaCallahan-Lyon,Electroniccigarettes:The ratio of propylene glycol to glycerol affects many aspects of the e-cigarette experience, such as nicotine production, e-liquid consumption, and the production of toxic thermal decomposition products. Both propylene glycol and glycerol are airway irritants. Nebulized propylene glycol and glycerol can cause oral and throat irritation and dry cough. Acute inhalation of high-powered propylene glycol/glycerol aerosols can cause airway epithelial damage and a sustained decrease in transcutaneous oxygen tension in young smokers. Glycerol can increase the efficacy of inhalants. It is hygroscopic and can draw water into bronchial secretions and reduce their viscosity. It has been reported that glycerol and propylene glycol do not cause cytotoxic effects when human embryonic stem cells, mouse neural stem cells, and human lung fibroblasts are exposed to several e-cigarette refill solutions. However, the repeated and potentially long-term inhalation of glycerol vapor associated with e-cigarette use is different from exposure at the cellular level, and the currently available data are insufficient to determine long-term safety. [Priscilla Callahan-Lyon, Electroniccigarettes:
humanhealtheffects,TobControl.2014May;23(Suppl2):1136–1140】。据报道,丙二醇和甘油在加热时都会形成有毒的醛类。丙二醇还会引起眼睛、喉咙、粘膜和呼吸道刺激和外周气道收缩,人体急性吸入暴露于雾化丙二醇会导致喉咙不适、咳嗽和1秒用力呼气量/用力肺活量(FEV1)减少。有关实验表明,暴露于丙二醇气溶胶仅2小时的兔子显示出气管杯状细胞退化的证据。尽管大鼠对短暂暴露于雾化丙二醇有相对抵抗力,但长期暴露已被证明会增加鼻杯状细胞数量和粘蛋白含量,刺激鼻和眼粘膜,并引起喉鳞状上皮化生。【aurenF.humanhealtheffects, TobControl.2014May;23(Suppl2):1136–1140】. It has been reported that both propylene glycol and glycerol form toxic aldehydes when heated. Propylene glycol can also cause irritation of the eyes, throat, mucous membranes and respiratory tract and peripheral airway constriction. Acute inhalation exposure to aerosolized propylene glycol in humans can cause throat discomfort, coughing and a decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity (FEV1). Relevant experiments have shown that rabbits exposed to propylene glycol aerosol for only 2 hours showed evidence of tracheal goblet cell degeneration. Although rats are relatively resistant to short-term exposure to aerosolized propylene glycol, long-term exposure has been shown to increase the number of nasal goblet cells and mucin content, irritate the nasal and ocular mucosa, and cause laryngeal squamous metaplasia. 【aurenF.
Pulmonarytoxicityofe-cigarettes.AmJPhysiolLungCellMolPhysiol.2017Aug1;313(2):L193–L206.】。有研究观察电子烟液主要成分的1,2-丙二醇对斑马鱼早期发育的影响。通过把斑马鱼胚胎在受精后6至72小时暴露于1.25%或2.5%1,2-丙二醇中。实验观察表明暴露于1,2-丙二醇不会显着影响死亡率。在48小时,2.5%1,2-丙二醇暴露的胚胎的孵化成功率显著降低,但在72小时未发现显着差异。此外,暴露于1,2-丙二醇会降低生长并增加心绞痛、心包水肿和卵黄囊水肿的发生率。最重要的是,斑马鱼的发育暴露于1.25%1,2-丙二醇会导致幼虫过度活跃的游泳行为。这项研究表明,1,2-丙二醇对斑马鱼的早期发育有不利影响。【Massarsky,A.Exposureto1,Pulmonary toxicity of e-cigarettes. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2017 Aug 1; 313(2): L193–L206.】. A study observed the effects of 1,2-propylene glycol, the main component of e-cigarette liquid, on the early development of zebrafish. The zebrafish embryos were exposed to 1.25% or 2.5% 1,2-propylene glycol from 6 to 72 hours after fertilization. Experimental observations showed that exposure to 1,2-propylene glycol did not significantly affect mortality. At 48 hours, the hatching success rate of embryos exposed to 2.5% 1,2-propylene glycol was significantly reduced, but no significant difference was found at 72 hours. In addition, exposure to 1,2-propylene glycol reduced growth and increased the incidence of angina, pericardial edema, and yolk sac edema. Most importantly, exposure of zebrafish development to 1.25% 1,2-propylene glycol resulted in hyperactive swimming behavior in the larvae. This study shows that 1,2-propylene glycol has adverse effects on the early development of zebrafish.
2-PropanediolimpactsearlydevelopmentofZebrafifish(Daniorerio)andinduceshyperactivity.Zebrafifish(2017).14,216-222】。2-Propanediolimpact early development of Zebrafifish (Daniorerio) and induces hyperactivity. Zebrafifish (2017). 14, 216-222].
由于电子烟烟液的最大成分是溶剂丙二醇和甘油,而丙二醇和甘油存在以上的缺陷,长期应用可能对使用者造成不利的影响。Since the largest components of e-cigarette liquid are solvents propylene glycol and glycerin, and propylene glycol and glycerin have the above-mentioned defects, long-term use may have adverse effects on users.
荷荷巴油(Jojobaoil),提取自一种广泛使用的药用植物,该药用植物在世界范围内均有种植。荷荷巴油由几乎98%的纯蜡(主要是蜡酯,少量游离脂肪酸、醇类和碳氢化合物)、甾醇和维生素组成。甾醇部分的主要成分是胆固醇、β-谷甾醇、菜油甾醇、豆甾醇和异褐藻甾醇。脂溶性维生素主要是维生素D及其衍生物,α、γ和δ生育酚,其中γ-生育酚约占这些化合物的79%。还发现了其他脂溶性维生素,例如维生素A等,几乎没有甘油三酯,因此它被广泛称为液体蜡而不是油或脂肪。通过冷压或溶剂提取种子直接获得的粗荷荷巴油,未经任何修饰,可产生金黄色或浅黄色油。它有一种令人愉快的、略带坚果味的味道。荷荷巴油的热稳定性和氧化稳定性高;因此,由于存在天然抗氧化剂(α、γ和δ生育酚),该油对酸败表现出很高的抵抗力。荷荷巴油在民间传说中有着悠久的历史,用于治疗各种疾病,如皮肤和头皮疾病、浅表伤口、喉咙痛、肥胖和癌症;用于改善肝功能,增强免疫力,促进毛发生长。对荷荷巴油的广泛研究显示出广泛的药理应用,包括抗氧化、抗痤疮和抗牛皮癣、抗炎、抗真菌、解热、镇痛、抗菌和抗高血糖活性。此外,荷荷巴油广泛用于制药行业,特别是用于外用、透皮和非肠道制剂的化妆品中,但目前没有应用于电子烟烟液。Jojoba oil is extracted from a widely used medicinal plant that is cultivated worldwide. Jojoba oil consists of almost 98% pure wax (mainly wax esters, small amounts of free fatty acids, alcohols and hydrocarbons), sterols and vitamins. The main components of the sterol part are cholesterol, β-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol and isoflavonesterol. The fat-soluble vitamins are mainly vitamin D and its derivatives, α, γ and δ tocopherols, of which γ-tocopherol accounts for about 79% of these compounds. Other fat-soluble vitamins, such as vitamin A, are also found, and there is almost no triglyceride, so it is widely called liquid wax rather than oil or fat. Crude jojoba oil obtained directly from seeds by cold pressing or solvent extraction, without any modification, produces golden or light yellow oil. It has a pleasant, slightly nutty flavor. Jojoba oil has high thermal and oxidative stability; therefore, due to the presence of natural antioxidants (α, γ and δ tocopherols), the oil shows high resistance to rancidity. Jojoba oil has a long history in folklore as a treatment for a variety of ailments, such as skin and scalp disorders, superficial wounds, sore throats, obesity, and cancer; for improving liver function, boosting immunity, and promoting hair growth. Extensive research on jojoba oil has revealed a wide range of pharmacological applications, including antioxidant, anti-acne and anti-psoriatic, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antipyretic, analgesic, antibacterial, and anti-hyperglycemic activities. In addition, jojoba oil is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, particularly in cosmetics for topical, transdermal, and parenteral preparations, but is not currently used in e-cigarette liquids.
针对现有技术的缺点,本发明的目的是提供一种用荷荷巴油取代或减少丙二醇和甘油作为电子烟烟液的溶剂的应用,荷荷巴油具有承载尼古丁的功能,又能对肺部、支气管和气管细胞进行很好的保护作用,可作为溶剂在制备电子烟烟液中进行应用。In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an application of jojoba oil to replace or reduce propylene glycol and glycerin as a solvent for electronic cigarette liquid. Jojoba oil has the function of carrying nicotine and can well protect the lungs, bronchial and tracheal cells, and can be used as a solvent in the preparation of electronic cigarette liquid.
为实现上述发明目的,本发明提供的技术方案为:一种荷荷巴油在制备电子烟烟液中的应用,在制备电子烟烟液的过程中,将荷荷巴油作为溶剂使用。To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: an application of jojoba oil in the preparation of electronic cigarette liquid, in the process of preparing the electronic cigarette liquid, jojoba oil is used as a solvent.
优选地,所述电子烟烟液的组分按重量份包括荷荷巴油5~98份。Preferably, the components of the electronic cigarette liquid include 5 to 98 parts by weight of jojoba oil.
优选地,所述电子烟烟液的组分按重量份包括荷荷巴油65~95份。Preferably, the components of the electronic cigarette liquid include 65 to 95 parts by weight of jojoba oil.
优选地,所述电子烟烟液的组分按重量份包括荷荷巴油20~60份,丙二醇或甘油或两者的混合物10~35份。Preferably, the components of the electronic cigarette liquid include 20 to 60 parts by weight of jojoba oil and 10 to 35 parts by weight of propylene glycol or glycerol or a mixture of the two.
优选地,所述电子烟烟液的组分按重量份还包括柠檬烯1~20份和芳樟醇0.5~10份。Preferably, the components of the electronic cigarette liquid further include 1 to 20 parts of limonene and 0.5 to 10 parts of linalool by weight.
优选地,所述电子烟烟液的组分按重量份还包括乙基香兰素1~10份。Preferably, the components of the electronic cigarette liquid also include 1 to 10 parts by weight of ethyl vanillin.
优选地,所述电子烟烟液的组分按重量份还包括烟碱0.5~30份或烟丝提取物1~20份。Preferably, the components of the electronic cigarette liquid further include 0.5 to 30 parts of nicotine or 1 to 20 parts of tobacco extract by weight.
优选地,所述电子烟烟液按重量份由以下组分组成:荷荷巴油80~95份、烟碱0.5~30份、柠檬烯2~10份、芳樟醇0.5~5份、叶醇1~2份、肉桂酸甲酯5~10份、乙基香兰素1~5份。Preferably, the electronic cigarette liquid is composed of the following components by weight: 80-95 parts of jojoba oil, 0.5-30 parts of nicotine, 2-10 parts of limonene, 0.5-5 parts of linalool, 1-2 parts of leaf alcohol, 5-10 parts of methyl cinnamate, and 1-5 parts of ethyl vanillin.
优选地,所述电子烟烟液按重量份由以下组分组成:荷荷巴油70~90份、烟丝提取物3~10份、柠檬烯5~10份、芳樟醇1~5份、叶醇1~3份、肉桂酸甲酯5~10份、苯甲酸2.5~5份、乙基香兰素2~5份。Preferably, the electronic cigarette liquid is composed of the following components by weight: 70-90 parts of jojoba oil, 3-10 parts of tobacco extract, 5-10 parts of limonene, 1-5 parts of linalool, 1-3 parts of leaf alcohol, 5-10 parts of methyl cinnamate, 2.5-5 parts of benzoic acid, and 2-5 parts of ethyl vanillin.
优选地,所述电子烟烟液按重量份由以下组分组成:荷荷巴油65~85份、柠檬烯5~20份、芳樟醇1~5份、叶醇1~3份、肉桂酸甲酯5~10份、乙基香兰素1~5份、N,2,3-三甲基-2-异丙基丁酰胺0.5~3份、薄荷油1~2份。Preferably, the electronic cigarette liquid is composed of the following components by weight: 65-85 parts of jojoba oil, 5-20 parts of limonene, 1-5 parts of linalool, 1-3 parts of leaf alcohol, 5-10 parts of methyl cinnamate, 1-5 parts of ethyl vanillin, 0.5-3 parts of N,2,3-trimethyl-2-isopropylbutyramide, and 1-2 parts of peppermint oil.
本发明中,荷荷巴油的含量通常可以占电子烟烟液重量份的5~98份,其中,以荷荷巴油取代丙二醇或甘油(丙三醇)、作为唯一溶剂时的含量,荷荷巴油可占电子烟烟液重量份的65~95份。另外,以荷荷巴油为主要溶剂,减少丙二醇或甘油(丙三醇)的含量并将其作为辅助溶剂,以便减轻危害性能的同时改善溶解性能,此时荷荷巴油的含量可占电子烟烟液重量份的20~60份,丙二醇或甘油或两者的混合物减少至10~35份。In the present invention, the content of jojoba oil can generally account for 5 to 98 parts by weight of the electronic cigarette liquid, wherein when jojoba oil replaces propylene glycol or glycerol (glycerol) and is used as the only solvent, the content of jojoba oil can account for 65 to 95 parts by weight of the electronic cigarette liquid. In addition, jojoba oil is used as the main solvent, and the content of propylene glycol or glycerol (glycerol) is reduced and used as an auxiliary solvent to reduce the harmful performance while improving the solubility performance. At this time, the content of jojoba oil can account for 20 to 60 parts by weight of the electronic cigarette liquid, and propylene glycol or glycerol or a mixture of the two is reduced to 10 to 35 parts.
本发明通过冷压或溶剂提取种子直接获得的粗荷荷巴油,未经任何修饰,可产生金黄色或浅黄色油。它有一种令人愉快的、略带坚果味的味道。荷荷巴油的热稳定性和氧化稳定性高;因此,由于存在天然抗氧化剂(α、γ和δ生育酚),该油对酸败表现出很高的抵抗力。The crude jojoba oil obtained directly from the seeds by cold pressing or solvent extraction, without any modification, produces a golden or light yellow oil. It has a pleasant, slightly nutty flavor. Jojoba oil has high thermal and oxidative stability; therefore, the oil exhibits high resistance to rancidity due to the presence of natural antioxidants (alpha, gamma and delta tocopherols).
本发明中的荷荷巴油毒性研究,有人将粗荷荷巴油喂给小鼠时,未发现急性毒性;即LD50超过160克/公斤。在兔子的眼部刺激试验中,经过除臭或脱臭和变色精制的荷荷巴油在涂油后1小时引起一些可逆的结膜刺激。眼部应用24小时后,逆转作用完全清除。在15天和30天大的豚鼠中,斑贴试验没有引起病理性炎症。局部应用30天后,表皮出现轻度肿胀,较液体石蜡较轻,较橄榄油较明显。然而,对动物皮肤的影响是可逆的,可能是由油膜的封闭性引起的。此外,在大鼠中延长每日皮下注射不会导致血液或尿液分析的任何组织病理学变化。只有注射区域出现轻微的局部可逆肉芽肿反应,表明荷荷巴油具有轻微刺激性。对人类的斑贴试验没有发现过敏反应,除了过敏症患者。对较早接触荷荷巴油两年的人进行的点刺测试显示,对原油或精炼油都没有过敏反应。在Ames试验中,荷荷巴油和氢化荷荷巴蜡的混合物在活化和不活化的情况下都没有致突变性,对皮肤没有刺激作用。In the toxicity study of jojoba oil in the present invention, when crude jojoba oil was fed to mice, no acute toxicity was found; that is, the LD50 exceeded 160 g/kg. In the eye irritation test of rabbits, jojoba oil refined after deodorization or deodorization and discoloration caused some reversible conjunctival irritation 1 hour after oiling. After 24 hours of eye application, the reversal effect was completely eliminated. In guinea pigs aged 15 and 30 days, patch tests did not cause pathological inflammation. After 30 days of local application, mild swelling of the epidermis occurred, which was lighter than liquid paraffin and more obvious than olive oil. However, the effect on animal skin was reversible, which may be caused by the occlusive nature of the oil film. In addition, extended daily subcutaneous injections in rats did not lead to any histopathological changes in blood or urine analysis. Only a slight local reversible granuloma reaction occurred in the injection area, indicating that jojoba oil is slightly irritating. Patch tests on humans did not find allergic reactions, except in patients with allergies. Prick tests of people exposed to jojoba oil for two years earlier showed no allergic reactions to either the crude or refined oil. In the Ames test, a mixture of jojoba oil and hydrogenated jojoba wax was non-mutagenic and non-irritating to the skin in both activated and inactivated forms.
本发明中的荷荷巴油在200~250℃时可以挥发,产生如烟雾状的雾化蒸汽,烟碱,以及含烟碱的烟丝提取物能够很好地与荷荷巴油相溶,烟碱也可以随着荷荷巴油雾化,随烟雾挥发,发挥类似抽烟时烟碱的生理与药理作用。因此,可以采用荷荷巴油代替丙二醇与甘油作为含烟碱的电子烟烟液的溶剂,也可以作为不含烟碱的电子烟烟液的溶剂。The jojoba oil in the present invention can volatilize at 200-250° C. to produce atomized vapor like smoke. Nicotine and shredded tobacco extract containing nicotine can be well soluble in jojoba oil. Nicotine can also be atomized with the jojoba oil and volatilized with the smoke, exerting physiological and pharmacological effects similar to those of nicotine when smoking. Therefore, jojoba oil can be used instead of propylene glycol and glycerin as a solvent for electronic cigarette liquid containing nicotine, and can also be used as a solvent for electronic cigarette liquid without nicotine.
本发明选择荷荷巴油作为电子烟烟液的溶剂,主要基于该油对肺有保护作用,我国科学工作者最近(2021年)在《Pharmaceutics》发表了一篇研究报告,证明了荷荷巴油对肺损伤有很好的保护作用,他们的论文题目是“InhalableJojobaOilDryNanoemulsionPowdersfortheTreatmentofLipopolysaccharide-orH2O2-InducedAcuteLungInjury” (GuoliZhang,PharmaceuticsThe present invention selects jojoba oil as the solvent of the e-cigarette liquid, mainly based on the fact that the oil has a protective effect on the lungs. Chinese scientists recently (2021) published a research report in "Pharmaceutics", proving that jojoba oil has a good protective effect on lung injury. The title of their paper is "Inhalable Jojoba Oil Dry Nanoemulsion Powders for the Treatment of Lipopolysaccharide-or H2O2-Induced Acute Lung Injury" (Guoli Zhang, Pharmaceutics
2021,13,486.),他们用荷荷巴油制备了干纳米乳粉(JNDs)通过动物实验先观察并测量其性质和模拟肺沉积,然后通过动物实验观察其抗急性肺损伤作用。研究者通过给大鼠气管内给予脂多糖(LPS)或过氧化氢(H2O2)后建立大鼠急性肺损伤(ALI)模型。荷荷巴油干纳米乳粉和地塞米松(DXM)溶液也给予大鼠。检查肺组织的病理状态。结果表明荷荷巴油干纳米乳粉对脂多糖诱导的大鼠急性肺损伤的抗炎作用高于地塞米松,总蛋白含量降低,肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和NF-κBp65下调。荷荷巴油干纳米乳粉对H2O2也表现出更高的抗炎和抗氧化作用与地塞米松相比,对脂多糖诱导的大鼠急性肺损伤消除了活性氧(ROS),增加了超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),减少了脂质过氧化物丙二醛(MDA)和谷胱甘肽(GSH),并抑制了caspase-3的表达。此外,它在两种大鼠急性肺损伤模型中减轻了炎症细胞的出血和浸润。荷荷巴油干纳米乳粉是一种很有前途的天然含油可吸入药物,用于治疗LPS或H2O2诱导的大鼠急性肺损伤。因此,可以认为,用荷荷巴油作为电子烟烟液的溶剂是合适的,对急性肺损伤是有保护作用的。因此,荷荷巴油作为电子烟烟液的溶剂,对未来电子烟烟液产品的发展将会引起非常重要的意义。2021,13,486.), they prepared dry nanoemulsions (JNDs) with jojoba oil, observed and measured their properties and simulated lung deposition through animal experiments, and then observed their anti-acute lung injury effects through animal experiments. The researchers established a rat acute lung injury (ALI) model by intratracheally administering lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to rats. Jojoba oil dry nanoemulsions and dexamethasone (DXM) solution were also administered to rats. The pathological state of lung tissue was examined. The results showed that jojoba oil dry nanoemulsions had a higher anti-inflammatory effect on LPS-induced acute lung injury in rats than dexamethasone, with a decrease in total protein content, and downregulation of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and NF-κBp65. Jojoba oil dry nanoemulsion also showed higher anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects on H2O2. Compared with dexamethasone, it eliminated reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced lipid peroxide malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH), and inhibited the expression of caspase-3 in rats with acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide. In addition, it alleviated the bleeding and infiltration of inflammatory cells in two rat acute lung injury models. Jojoba oil dry nanoemulsion is a promising natural oil-containing inhalable drug for the treatment of acute lung injury induced by LPS or H2O2 in rats. Therefore, it can be considered that the use of jojoba oil as a solvent for electronic cigarette liquid is suitable and has a protective effect on acute lung injury. Therefore, the use of jojoba oil as a solvent for electronic cigarette liquid will be of great significance to the development of electronic cigarette liquid products in the future.
本发明在荷荷巴油作为电子烟烟液的溶剂中,添加柠檬烯和芳樟醇,可以改善电子烟烟液的口感和风味,特别是没有喉咙干燥的感觉、没有残留物积聚和增加风味强度,同时,也有增加烟碱的增加记忆,改善思维,抗焦虑,抗抑郁的作用。柠檬烯是茜草科的一种单萜,具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌、抗伤害和胃保护等生物学特性。近年来,由于柠檬烯能减轻氧化应激和炎症反应,调节细胞凋亡死亡,因此研究其在各种慢性疾病中的药理作用引起了人们的极大兴趣。有文献报告柠檬烯可以与GABA相互作用于A受体,通过增加大脑中的GABA浓度来产生抗焦虑作用。柠檬烯还可通过直接作用于中枢神经系统和嗅觉神经,恢复单胺递质的失衡,发挥改善情绪和抗抑郁作用。芳樟醇也是一种作用于中枢神经系统的单萜烯,它在动物和人类中都显示出了抗惊厥和镇静的作用,芳樟醇的作用与5-羟色胺能通路有关,通过与柠檬烯不同的途径调控脑组织的单胺递质,而产生抗抑郁的作用,研究认为芳樟醇的抗抑郁样作用是通过突触后5-HT与5-羟色胺能通路相互作用而发挥作用的,此外,还与肾上腺素能系统的α受体和多巴胺能系统的D1受体作用有相互关系。The present invention adds limonene and linalool to jojoba oil as a solvent for electronic cigarette liquid, which can improve the taste and flavor of the electronic cigarette liquid, especially without the feeling of dry throat, without residue accumulation and increasing the flavor intensity. At the same time, it also has the effects of increasing memory, improving thinking, anti-anxiety and anti-depression by increasing nicotine. Limonene is a monoterpene of Rubiaceae, which has biological properties such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-injury and gastric protection. In recent years, since limonene can reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory response and regulate cell apoptosis and death, studying its pharmacological effects in various chronic diseases has aroused great interest. There are literature reports that limonene can interact with GABA at A receptors and produce an anti-anxiety effect by increasing the concentration of GABA in the brain. Limonene can also directly act on the central nervous system and olfactory nerves to restore the imbalance of monoamine transmitters and play a role in improving mood and anti-depression. Linalool is also a monoterpene that acts on the central nervous system. It has shown anticonvulsant and sedative effects in both animals and humans. The effects of linalool are related to the serotonergic pathway. It regulates monoamine neurotransmitters in brain tissue through a different pathway from limonene, thereby producing an antidepressant effect. Studies have shown that the antidepressant-like effect of linalool is exerted through the interaction between postsynaptic 5-HT and the serotonergic pathway. In addition, it is also related to the α receptors of the adrenergic system and the D1 receptors of the dopaminergic system.
本发明在荷荷巴油溶剂中添加柠檬烯和芳樟醇,可以加强电子烟烟液中烟碱的有益的作用,同时在药剂学方面还可使烟碱的分布更加均匀,电子雾化更加彻底,碳化残留量极微,而且口感及风味更好,是荷荷巴油配制电子烟烟液的最佳伴侣。The invention adds limonene and linalool to the jojoba oil solvent, which can enhance the beneficial effects of nicotine in the electronic cigarette liquid. At the same time, in terms of pharmacy, the distribution of nicotine can be more uniform, the electronic atomization can be more thorough, the carbonization residue can be extremely small, and the taste and flavor can be better. The invention is the best companion for preparing the electronic cigarette liquid with jojoba oil.
本发明荷荷巴油溶剂中添加了柠檬烯和芳樟醇之后,再添加,叶醇,薄荷醇,香兰素,乙基香兰素,N,2,3-三甲基-2-异丙基丁酰胺等物质后,可以不添加烟碱,我们也可得到的风味口感与含有烟碱的电子烟烟液相似产品,我们把这种产品称为“不含尼古丁的电子戒烟液”,该电子戒烟液不含烟碱,但又具有烟碱的抑制单胺氧化酶,促进乙酰胆碱,5-羟色胺和多巴胺等单胺类神经递质发挥有益的生理功能,改善思维,稳定情绪及预防抑郁症状等作用。After limonene and linalool are added to the jojoba oil solvent of the present invention, leaf alcohol, menthol, vanillin, ethyl vanillin, N,2,3-trimethyl-2-isopropylbutyramide and other substances are added, nicotine may not be added, and we can also obtain a product with a flavor and taste similar to that of an electronic cigarette liquid containing nicotine. We call this product "nicotine-free electronic smoking cessation liquid". The electronic smoking cessation liquid does not contain nicotine, but has the effects of nicotine in inhibiting monoamine oxidase, promoting monoamine neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine to play beneficial physiological functions, improving thinking, stabilizing emotions and preventing depression symptoms.
本发明应用荷荷巴油作为溶剂制备的电子烟烟液,经药剂学检测,符合电子烟烟液的质量要求,经动物实验观察,小白鼠连续吸本发明的电子烟烟液2个月,每天两次,每次1小时,没有发现毒性反应,对心脏、肺脏及脑组织的病理检查,没有发现有病理形态学的改变。研究表明,本发明技术方案配制的电子烟烟液对小白鼠连续吸烟2个月不会引起毒性。The electronic cigarette liquid prepared by the present invention using jojoba oil as a solvent meets the quality requirements of the electronic cigarette liquid after pharmaceutical testing. After animal experimental observation, mice continuously smoked the electronic cigarette liquid of the present invention for 2 months, twice a day, each time for 1 hour, and no toxic reaction was found. Pathological examination of the heart, lung and brain tissues did not find any pathological morphological changes. Studies have shown that the electronic cigarette liquid prepared by the technical solution of the present invention will not cause toxicity to mice smoking continuously for 2 months.
本发明应用荷荷巴油作为溶剂制备电子烟烟液,解决了以丙二醇和甘油作为溶剂存在的缺陷,特别是长期应用可能对使用者造成不利的影响,本发明提出的用于取代或减少丙二醇和甘油作为电子烟烟液溶剂的荷荷巴油,没有毒性,具有运载与雾化尼古丁的功能,又能对肺部,支气管和气管细胞有很好的保护作用,对皮肤没有刺激作用,对酸败表现出很高的抵抗力。另外,本发明在荷荷巴油作为电子烟烟液的溶剂中,添加柠檬烯和芳樟醇,可以改善电子烟烟液的口感和风味,特别是没有喉咙干燥的感觉、没有残留物积聚和增加风味强度,同时,也有增加烟碱的增加记忆,改善思维,抗焦虑,抗抑郁的作用。The present invention uses jojoba oil as a solvent to prepare electronic cigarette liquid, which solves the defects of using propylene glycol and glycerol as solvents, especially the adverse effects that long-term use may have on users. The jojoba oil used to replace or reduce propylene glycol and glycerol as the solvent of the electronic cigarette liquid proposed by the present invention is non-toxic, has the function of carrying and atomizing nicotine, and can have a good protective effect on the lungs, bronchial and tracheal cells, has no irritating effect on the skin, and shows high resistance to rancidity. In addition, the present invention adds limonene and linalool to jojoba oil as a solvent for the electronic cigarette liquid, which can improve the taste and flavor of the electronic cigarette liquid, especially without the feeling of dry throat, without residue accumulation and increasing the flavor intensity. At the same time, it also has the effects of increasing nicotine to increase memory, improve thinking, and resist anxiety and depression.
本发明按实施例的技术方案配制的电子烟烟液,经药剂学检测,符合电子烟烟液的质量要求,经动物实验观察,小白鼠连续吸本发明的电子烟烟液2个月,每天两次,每次1小时,没有发现毒性反应,对心脏、肺脏及脑组织的病理检查,没有发现有病理形态学的改变。研究表明,本发明技术方案配制的电子烟烟液对小白鼠连续吸烟2个月不会引起毒性。The electronic cigarette liquid prepared according to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention meets the quality requirements of the electronic cigarette liquid after pharmaceutical testing. According to animal experimental observations, mice smoked the electronic cigarette liquid of the present invention for 2 months, twice a day, 1 hour each time, and no toxic reaction was found. Pathological examination of the heart, lung and brain tissues did not find any pathological morphological changes. Studies have shown that the electronic cigarette liquid prepared by the technical solution of the present invention will not cause toxicity to mice smoking continuously for 2 months.
本发明阐述的是一种荷荷巴油在制备电子烟烟液中的应用,即在制备电子烟烟液的过程中,将荷荷巴油作为溶剂使用。The present invention describes an application of jojoba oil in preparing electronic cigarette liquid, that is, in the process of preparing the electronic cigarette liquid, jojoba oil is used as a solvent.
本发明的一个实施方案是,电子烟烟液的组分按重量份包括用作溶剂的荷荷巴油5~98份,其它组分包括柠檬烯1~20份、芳樟醇0.5~10份、乙基香兰素1~10份、烟碱0.5~30份或烟丝提取物1~20份。其中,更加具体地,荷荷巴油可以在51~59份、或61~69份、或71~79份、或81~85份、或86~90份、或91~98份之中选配;烟碱可在0.5~5份、或6~10份、或11~20份、或21~30份之中选配;烟丝提取物可以在1~10份、或11~20份之间选配;柠檬烯可以在1~5份、或6~9份,或11~20份之间选配;芳樟醇可以在0.6~3份、或3~6份、或7~9份之间选配;乙基香兰素可以在1~4份、或5~7份、或8~10份之间选配。One embodiment of the present invention is that the components of the electronic cigarette liquid include 5 to 98 parts of jojoba oil used as a solvent, and other components include 1 to 20 parts of limonene, 0.5 to 10 parts of linalool, 1 to 10 parts of ethyl vanillin, 0.5 to 30 parts of nicotine or 1 to 20 parts of tobacco extract. Specifically, jojoba oil can be selected from 51 to 59 parts, or 61 to 69 parts, or 71 to 79 parts, or 81 to 85 parts, or 86 to 90 parts, or 91 to 98 parts; nicotine can be selected from 0.5 to 5 parts, or 6 to 10 parts, or 11 to 20 parts, or 21 to 30 parts; tobacco extract can be selected from 1 to 10 parts, or 11 to 20 parts; limonene can be selected from 1 to 5 parts, or 6 to 9 parts, or 11 to 20 parts; linalool can be selected from 0.6 to 3 parts, or 3 to 6 parts, or 7 to 9 parts; ethyl vanillin can be selected from 1 to 4 parts, or 5 to 7 parts, or 8 to 10 parts.
本发明的另一个实施方案是,电子烟烟液的组分按重量份包括用作溶剂的荷荷巴油20~60份、丙二醇或甘油或丙二醇与甘油的混合物10~35份、其它组分包括柠檬烯1~20份、芳樟醇0.5~10份、乙基香兰素1~10份、烟碱0.5~30份或烟丝提取物1~20份。其中,更加具体地,荷荷巴油可以在21~29份、或31~39份、或41~49份、或51~59份之中选配;烟碱可在0.5~5份、或6~10份、或11-20份、或21-30份之中选配;烟丝提取物可以在1~10份、或11~20份之间选配;柠檬烯可以在1~5份、或6~9份,或11~20份之间选配;芳樟醇可以在0.6~3份、或3~6份、或7~9份之间选配;乙基香兰素可以在1~4份、或5~7份、或8~10份之间选配。Another embodiment of the present invention is that the components of the electronic cigarette liquid include 20 to 60 parts of jojoba oil used as a solvent, 10 to 35 parts of propylene glycol or glycerol or a mixture of propylene glycol and glycerol, and other components include 1 to 20 parts of limonene, 0.5 to 10 parts of linalool, 1 to 10 parts of ethyl vanillin, 0.5 to 30 parts of nicotine or 1 to 20 parts of tobacco extract. Specifically, jojoba oil can be selected from 21 to 29 parts, or 31 to 39 parts, or 41 to 49 parts, or 51 to 59 parts; nicotine can be selected from 0.5 to 5 parts, or 6 to 10 parts, or 11 to 20 parts, or 21 to 30 parts; tobacco extract can be selected from 1 to 10 parts, or 11 to 20 parts; limonene can be selected from 1 to 5 parts, or 6 to 9 parts, or 11 to 20 parts; linalool can be selected from 0.6 to 3 parts, or 3 to 6 parts, or 7 to 9 parts; ethyl vanillin can be selected from 1 to 4 parts, or 5 to 7 parts, or 8 to 10 parts.
本发明的又一个实施方案是,电子烟烟液按重量份由以下组分组成:作为溶剂的荷荷巴油80~95份,其它组分包括烟碱0.5~30份、柠檬烯2~10份、芳樟醇0.5~5份、叶醇1~2份、肉桂酸甲酯5~10份、乙基香兰素1~5份。Another embodiment of the present invention is that the electronic cigarette liquid is composed of the following components by weight: 80-95 parts of jojoba oil as a solvent, and other components include 0.5-30 parts of nicotine, 2-10 parts of limonene, 0.5-5 parts of linalool, 1-2 parts of leaf alcohol, 5-10 parts of methyl cinnamate, and 1-5 parts of ethyl vanillin.
本发明的又一个实施方案是,电子烟烟液按重量份由以下组分组成:作为溶剂的荷荷巴油70~90份、其它组分包括烟丝提取物3~10份、柠檬烯5~10份、芳樟醇1~5份、叶醇1~3份、肉桂酸甲酯5~10份、苯甲酸2.5~5份、乙基香兰素2~5份。Another embodiment of the present invention is that the electronic cigarette liquid is composed of the following components by weight: 70-90 parts of jojoba oil as a solvent, other components including 3-10 parts of tobacco extract, 5-10 parts of limonene, 1-5 parts of linalool, 1-3 parts of leaf alcohol, 5-10 parts of methyl cinnamate, 2.5-5 parts of benzoic acid, and 2-5 parts of ethyl vanillin.
本发明的再一个实施方案是,电子烟烟液按重量份由以下组分组成:作为溶剂的荷荷巴油65~85份、其它组分包括柠檬烯5~20份、芳樟醇1~5份、叶醇1~3份、肉桂酸甲酯5~10份、乙基香兰素1~5份、N,2,3-三甲基-2-异丙基丁酰胺0.5~3份、薄荷油1~2份。Another embodiment of the present invention is that the electronic cigarette liquid is composed of the following components by weight: 65-85 parts of jojoba oil as a solvent, other components including 5-20 parts of limonene, 1-5 parts of linalool, 1-3 parts of leaf alcohol, 5-10 parts of methyl cinnamate, 1-5 parts of ethyl vanillin, 0.5-3 parts of N,2,3-trimethyl-2-isopropylbutyramide, and 1-2 parts of peppermint oil.
下面将通过具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。The present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments.
以荷荷巴油为溶剂并含有烟碱的的电子烟烟液的配方及制备方法是:取80.5g荷荷巴油,然后在该荷荷巴油中添加烟碱1.5g、柠檬烯5g、芳樟醇5g、叶醇1g、肉桂酸甲酯5g、乙基香兰素2g,适当加温充分溶解即得。The formula and preparation method of the electronic cigarette liquid using jojoba oil as a solvent and containing nicotine are as follows: take 80.5g of jojoba oil, then add 1.5g of nicotine, 5g of limonene, 5g of linalool, 1g of leaf alcohol, 5g of methyl cinnamate, and 2g of ethyl vanillin to the jojoba oil, and heat appropriately to fully dissolve.
以荷荷巴油为溶剂并含有烟碱的的电子烟烟液的配方及制备方法是:取50g荷荷巴油,然后在该荷荷巴油中添加丙三醇25g、烟碱1.5g、柠檬烯8g、芳樟醇5g、叶醇1.5g、肉桂酸甲酯7g、乙基香兰素2g,适当加温充分溶解即得。The formula and preparation method of the electronic cigarette liquid using jojoba oil as a solvent and containing nicotine are as follows: take 50g of jojoba oil, then add 25g of glycerol, 1.5g of nicotine, 8g of limonene, 5g of linalool, 1.5g of leaf alcohol, 7g of methyl cinnamate, and 2g of ethyl vanillin to the jojoba oil, and heat appropriately to fully dissolve.
本实施例中,以荷荷巴油为主要溶剂成分,添加丙三醇作为辅助溶剂成分。In this embodiment, jojoba oil is used as the main solvent component, and glycerol is added as the auxiliary solvent component.
以荷荷巴油为溶剂并含有烟碱的电子烟烟液的另一配方及制备方法是:取78g的荷荷巴油,然后在该荷荷巴油中添加烟碱1.5g、柠檬烯5g、芳樟醇5g、叶醇1g、肉桂酸甲酯5g、苯甲酸2.5g、乙基香兰素2g,适当加温充分溶解即得。Another formula and preparation method of electronic cigarette liquid using jojoba oil as a solvent and containing nicotine is as follows: take 78g of jojoba oil, then add 1.5g of nicotine, 5g of limonene, 5g of linalool, 1g of leaf alcohol, 5g of methyl cinnamate, 2.5g of benzoic acid, and 2g of ethyl vanillin to the jojoba oil, and heat appropriately to fully dissolve.
以荷荷巴油为溶剂并含有烟丝提取物的电子烟烟液的配方及制备方法是:取荷荷巴油75g,然后在该荷荷巴油中添加烟丝提取物10g、柠檬烯5g、芳樟醇2g、叶醇1g、肉桂酸甲酯5g、乙基香兰素2g,适当加温充分溶解即得。The formula and preparation method of the electronic cigarette liquid using jojoba oil as a solvent and containing tobacco extract are as follows: take 75g of jojoba oil, then add 10g of tobacco extract, 5g of limonene, 2g of linalool, 1g of leaf alcohol, 5g of methyl cinnamate, and 2g of ethyl vanillin to the jojoba oil, and heat appropriately to fully dissolve.
以荷荷巴油为溶剂且不含烟碱的的电子烟烟液的另一配方及制备方法是:取荷荷巴油80g、然后在该荷荷巴油中分别添加柠檬烯8g、芳樟醇1.5g、叶醇1g、肉桂酸甲酯5g、乙基香兰素1.5g、N,2,3-三甲基-2-异丙基丁酰胺1g、薄荷油2g,适当加温充分溶解即可。Another formula and preparation method of an electronic cigarette liquid using jojoba oil as a solvent and containing no nicotine is as follows: take 80 g of jojoba oil, then add 8 g of limonene, 1.5 g of linalool, 1 g of leaf alcohol, 5 g of methyl cinnamate, 1.5 g of ethyl vanillin, 1 g of N, 2, 3-trimethyl-2-isopropylbutyramide, and 2 g of peppermint oil to the jojoba oil, and heat appropriately to fully dissolve.
本发明以上实施方案和实施例中,以荷荷巴油为溶剂的电子烟烟液溶液中,添加了有关成分如:芳樟醇、柠檬烯、叶醇、薄荷醇、香兰素、乙基香兰素、N,2,3-三甲基-2-异丙基丁酰胺、苯甲酸及国家电子烟标准中允许添加其他的物质,以改善电子烟烟液的口感和风味。In the above embodiments and examples of the present invention, relevant ingredients such as linalool, limonene, leaf alcohol, menthol, vanillin, ethyl vanillin, N,2,3-trimethyl-2-isopropylbutanamide, benzoic acid and other substances allowed to be added in the national electronic cigarette standards are added to the electronic cigarette liquid solution using jojoba oil as a solvent to improve the taste and flavor of the electronic cigarette liquid.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,凡依本发明权利要求范围所做的均等变化与修饰,皆应属本发明权利要求的涵盖范围。The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
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Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101264277A (en) * | 2008-04-16 | 2008-09-17 | 冯冲 | Compound essential oil for controlling smoke and giving up smoking |
| CN104905400A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-09-16 | 昆明理工大学 | Tobacco humectant and preparing method thereof |
| CN110506981A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-11-29 | 深圳雾芯科技有限公司 | Flavour compositions and electronic cigarette liquid comprising the flavour compositions |
| US20200128870A1 (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2020-04-30 | Swedish Match North Europe Ab | A flavoured moist oral pouched nicotine product comprising triglyceride |
| CN113558278A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-10-29 | 深圳芳芯科技有限公司 | Flavor composition and electronic cigarette liquid containing same |
| CN115736319A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2023-03-07 | 惠州市新泓威科技有限公司 | Application of jojoba oil in preparation of electronic cigarette liquid |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101264277A (en) * | 2008-04-16 | 2008-09-17 | 冯冲 | Compound essential oil for controlling smoke and giving up smoking |
| CN104905400A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-09-16 | 昆明理工大学 | Tobacco humectant and preparing method thereof |
| US20200128870A1 (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2020-04-30 | Swedish Match North Europe Ab | A flavoured moist oral pouched nicotine product comprising triglyceride |
| CN110506981A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-11-29 | 深圳雾芯科技有限公司 | Flavour compositions and electronic cigarette liquid comprising the flavour compositions |
| CN113558278A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2021-10-29 | 深圳芳芯科技有限公司 | Flavor composition and electronic cigarette liquid containing same |
| CN115736319A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2023-03-07 | 惠州市新泓威科技有限公司 | Application of jojoba oil in preparation of electronic cigarette liquid |
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