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WO2023228912A1 - Procédé de séparation d'acier inoxydable et procédé de traitement de déchets de composants électriques/électroniques - Google Patents

Procédé de séparation d'acier inoxydable et procédé de traitement de déchets de composants électriques/électroniques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023228912A1
WO2023228912A1 PCT/JP2023/019001 JP2023019001W WO2023228912A1 WO 2023228912 A1 WO2023228912 A1 WO 2023228912A1 JP 2023019001 W JP2023019001 W JP 2023019001W WO 2023228912 A1 WO2023228912 A1 WO 2023228912A1
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Prior art keywords
stainless steel
sorting
coarse
magnetic
coarse waste
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PCT/JP2023/019001
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
琢真 武井
英俊 笹岡
健太郎 田辺
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JX Advanced Metals Corp
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JX Metals Corp
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Priority to JP2024523287A priority Critical patent/JPWO2023228912A1/ja
Publication of WO2023228912A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023228912A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B4/00—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs
    • B03B4/02—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs using swinging or shaking tables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/005—Pretreatment specially adapted for magnetic separation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/16—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts
    • B03C1/18—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts with magnets moving during operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
    • B03C1/24—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/08—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force
    • B07B7/083—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums, or brushes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/02—Roasting processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for separating stainless steel and a method for disposing of electrical/electronic component waste.
  • Patent Document 1 electrical/electronic component scraps containing copper are crushed into a predetermined size, and the crushed electrical/electronic component scraps are used in a copper smelting furnace (flash furnace). It is stated that it should be processed.
  • Patent Document 2 describes a process of pulverizing electrical/electronic component scraps containing copper, and classifying the pulverized electrical/electronic component scraps using air classification. A method for recovering fine powder from electrical and electronic component scraps is described. The recovered fine powder of the electrical/electronic parts scraps is introduced into a smelting furnace and processed, and the unrecovered granules are processed in an oxidation smelting furnace (converter).
  • the pulverized electrical/electronic component scraps contain organic substances such as resins, and these organic substances such as resins contain components such as carbon components that act as reducing agents in the flash furnace. If these components cannot sufficiently react with the combustion air, problems such as overreduction may occur.
  • pulverized waste obtained by pulverizing electrical/electronic component waste contains stainless steel containing nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), etc., which are substances that inhibit smelting. Therefore, it is preferable to efficiently remove stainless steel from the pulverized waste before introducing the pulverized waste into the furnace.
  • the present disclosure discloses a stainless steel separation method that can efficiently separate stainless steel from electrical/electronic component scraps, particularly pulverized waste obtained by pulverizing electrical/electronic component scraps, and a method for separating stainless steel from electrical/electronic component scraps. Provide a processing method.
  • the second step is the airflow classification process to obtain coarse waste stones that are larger than a specified size from the waste stones.
  • a method for separating stainless steel is provided, which includes a first magnetic sorting step to obtain a kimono.
  • the pulverized material obtained in the air classification step is charged into a smelting furnace for processing. and an oxidation smelting furnace treatment step of charging at least a portion of the non-magnetized material obtained in the first magnetic separation step into an oxidation smelting furnace for treatment. be done.
  • a method for separating stainless steel and a method for disposing of electrical/electronic parts that can efficiently separate stainless steel from electrical/electronic parts scraps, particularly pulverized waste obtained by pulverizing electrical/electronic parts scraps. Can be provided.
  • 1 is a flowchart showing an example of a method for separating stainless steel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a rigid roller mill that can be used in a stainless steel separation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram showing an example of an eddy current sorter. It is a schematic diagram showing an example of an air table.
  • the method for separating stainless steel includes a crushing step S2 for crushing electrical/electronic component scraps, a crushing product obtained in the crushing step S2 is classified by air flow, and a heavy material is an airflow classification step S3 to obtain waste stones containing stainless steel, a coarse waste stone sorting step S4 to sort and recover coarse waste stones of a predetermined size or more from the waste stones, magnetically sorting coarse waste stones of a predetermined size or more,
  • the step S6 includes a first magnetic separation step S6 for obtaining coarse waste stones containing stainless steel as a magnetized material from coarse waste stones.
  • an incineration step S1 for incinerating at least a portion, preferably all, of the electrical/electronic component waste.
  • incinerating the electrical/electronic parts waste in the incineration process S1 before the crushing process S2 at least a part of the organic matter such as resin contained in the electrical/electronic parts waste can be removed by incineration, and at the same time, it is possible to remove The volume of the object can be reduced.
  • incinerating at least a portion of the organic matter such as resin contained in electrical and electronic component scraps can be avoided.
  • Incineration removes volatile components from electrical and electronic component scraps, which also prevents fluorine, chlorine, bromine, etc., which are some of the smelting inhibitors, from entering the smelting furnace.
  • the specific conditions of the incineration step S1 are not particularly limited, for example, the electrical/electronic component waste is incinerated at about 550 to 1000° C. in a rotary kiln, and then cooled.
  • the incinerated material after the incineration treatment may be further sieved, for example, using a sieve with an opening of 10 mm to 20 mm.
  • step S2 electrical/electronic component scraps are crushed using a crusher.
  • a crusher for example, a flash furnace
  • unburned carbon content is oxidized.
  • the Cu component reacts with the S component in the copper concentrate to form matte
  • the Fe component reacts with oxygen to crush electrical and electronic component waste to a particle size that can be turned into slag.
  • the particle size of the concentrate charged into the smelting furnace is generally 10 to 150 ⁇ m as a volume-based D50 (median diameter). It is preferable to grind until the standard D50 is 150 ⁇ m or less. Further, electrical/electronic component scraps may be pulverized until the volume-based D80 becomes 250 ⁇ m or less.
  • the powder with a D50 of 150 ⁇ m or less and the granule with a D80 of 250 ⁇ m or less are fine like powder, and are much finer than a sand-like material with the size of a grain of sand. . It is preferable to obtain a pulverized product by pulverizing the material into fine particles such as powder.
  • the electrical/electronic component scraps may be mixed with silicate ore charged together with the copper concentrate in a smelting furnace and crushed.
  • a solvent such as silicate ore is charged into the smelting furnace together with the raw material concentrate to improve the fluidity of the slag, but when purchasing the solvent, it is purchased in cheap lump form.
  • the powder is ground in-house using a ball mill or the like. Therefore, if there is sufficient capacity in the solvent mill, it is possible to mix electrical and electronic component scraps with silicate ore charged with copper concentrate in a smelting furnace and crush them, without requiring the cost of introducing crushing equipment. It can be implemented.
  • the pulverized material obtained in the pulverization step S2 is divided into light and heavy materials by adjusting the air volume using the airflow classification effect, and the pulverized material of electrical/electronic component scraps is separated into light and heavy materials. Control granularity. That is, in the airflow classification step S3, if the pulverized materials in the electrical/electronic component scraps have a high specific gravity and are not finely pulverized, they cannot be carried upward by the airflow. The finely pulverized material is carried upward by the air current and collected on the light material side, and the pulverized material with a large particle size that cannot be collected on the light material side is separated as waste stone to the heavy material side.
  • the pulverizing step S2 and the air classification step S3 be performed at the same time using a vertical roller mill as shown in FIG.
  • a vertical roller mill In processing using a vertical roller mill, first, electrical/electronic component scraps to be pulverized are fed through a screw feeder to the center of a horizontally rotating table. A recessed portion is formed along the outer circumferential side of the table. Electrical/electronic component scraps supplied to the center of the table are moved toward the outer circumference of the table by centrifugal force. At this time, electrical/electronic component waste is crushed between the table and rollers (2 to 3 pieces) attached along the upper surface of the recessed part of the table.
  • the pulverization step S2 and the air classification step S3 may be performed separately using separate devices without using a vertical roller mill. Moreover, before processing the pulverized material with the vertical roller mill, it may be roughly crushed with a hammer crusher or the like.
  • the coarse waste stone sorting step S4 coarse waste stones of a predetermined size or larger are sorted from the waste stones obtained in the airflow classification step S3.
  • the method is not particularly limited as long as it is possible to sort the coarse waste stones for each predetermined particle size, but there is no particular limitation on the method. It is preferable to include a step.
  • Table 1 shows examples of chemical analysis values of valuable metals contained in waste rock of each size when waste rock is sieved using various sieves with different openings. Component analysis of valuable metals was evaluated using ICP optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Further, the size of each waste stone shown in Table 1 represents the size of the nominal opening W (mm) of the sieve based on JIS Z8801-1. In addition, “%” described as a unit of each element means the weight % of the target element in the waste rock of each size. Since the concentrations of Au and Ag are small, they are evaluated in terms of "g/t (equivalent to ppm)".
  • grain sizes of more than 5.6 mm to 6.7 mm, grain sizes of more than 6.7 mm to 9.5 mm, and grain sizes of more than 9.5 mm to 16 We focused on the five main metallic elements contained in coarse waste stone with a grain size of more than 16.0 mm, Cu, Fe, Al, SUS, and other metals, and examined the composition ratio of SUS among them. . Analysis of Cu, Fe, Al, SUS, and other metals was performed by hand sorting, and a comprehensive judgment was made based on the magnetism of the raw material, the color, hardness, and weight of the polished surface when the raw material was polished with a file.
  • the SUS ratio contained in the coarse waste stone with a grain size of more than 5.6 mm to 6.7 mm was 11.4%
  • the SUS ratio contained in the coarse waste stone with a grain size of more than 6.7 mm to 9.5 mm was 16. 5%
  • the SUS ratio contained in the coarse waste stone with a grain size of more than 9.5 mm to 16.0 mm is 17.2%
  • the SUS ratio contained in the coarse waste stone with a grain size of more than 16.0 mm is about 27.4%. It was found that the larger the particle size, the higher the proportion of SUS in the composition.
  • the size of coarse waste stone to efficiently recover stainless steel is determined by the nominal opening W. It is preferable to use a sieve with a diameter of 5.6 mm or more, more preferably 6.7 mm or more, and even more preferably 9.5 mm or more to collect waste rock of a size that can be sorted into sieve material. Although there is no particular upper limit to the size of the crushed stone, it is typically 100 mm or less, and further 50 mm or less.
  • the sieving step is preferably performed after the air classification step S3. If the pulverized material after the pulverization step S2 is directly sieved without performing the air classification step S3, there is a risk that the finely pulverized material adhering to the surface of the pulverized material having a large particle size will be separated as sieved material. Since the finely pulverized material has a high grade of copper and precious metals, it causes a loss of valuable materials when recovering coarse stone containing stainless steel. After the air classification step S3 is performed on the crushed material after the crushing step S2, coarse waste stones of a predetermined size or more are sorted out in the sieving step, so that the finely crushed materials are separated from the waste stones in the air classification step S3. Since it can be separated and recovered, the amount of pulverized material adhering to waste stone can be minimized.
  • the first magnetic sorting step S6 rough waste stones containing stainless steel are obtained as a magnetized material (magnetized material 2) from the coarse waste stones collected in the coarse waste stone sorting step S4. Most of the copper, aluminum, etc. that constitute the coarse waste stone are sorted to the non-magnetic material side (non-magnetic material 2).
  • coarse waste stones containing stainless steel can be selectively and efficiently recovered to the magnetic object side while separating the coarse waste stones containing copper-aluminum etc. to the non-magnetic object side.
  • the coarse waste stones are magnetically sorted with a lower magnetic force than the first magnetic force sorting step S6, and the coarse waste stones containing iron are preliminarily treated as the magnetic material side (magnetic material 1). It is more preferable to include a second magnetic force sorting step S5 in which the non-magnetic substances 1 are obtained. Iron is easier to magnetize with a lower magnetic force than stainless steel, so by performing processing with a lower magnetic force than in the first magnetic force sorting step S6, almost 100% of the coarse waste stone containing iron can be sorted to the magnetic object side. .
  • the second magnetic force sorting step it is preferable to perform low magnetic force sorting with a magnetic flux density of 200 to 600 G using, for example, a hanging magnetic separator.
  • a hanging magnetic separator By removing in advance the iron that is magnetically attracted to the magnetic object side in the second magnetic sorting step S5, in the first magnetic sorting step S6, it is possible to prevent coarse waste stones containing iron from being mixed in, and Exhaust stone can be efficiently concentrated on the magnetic object side.
  • the magnetic material obtained in the first magnetic sorting step S6 is subjected to eddy current sorting, and coarse waste stone containing stainless steel is obtained as a non-repellent material from the magnetic material obtained in the first magnetic sorting step S6.
  • a sorting process using an eddy current sorter shown in FIG. 3 can be performed.
  • An eddy current sorter for example, includes a belt conveyor stretched between a tail pulley (not shown) and a head pulley, an eccentric magnet placed inside the head pulley, and a drive device (not shown) that rotates the belt conveyor. ), a non-repulsion object collection section provided below the head pulley to collect non-repulsion objects that have flown up from the belt conveyor, and a repulsion object collection section located below the head pulley and in front of the non-repulsion object recovery section. and a damper that is provided between the non-repulsion object recovery section and the repulsion object recovery section and separates the flying repulsion object from the non-repulsion object.
  • the rotation speed of the rotor provided in the eddy current separator is preferably set to 2000 to 2700 rpm, for example. is 2250 to 2500 rpm, and the speed of the belt conveyor is 90 to 110 m/min, preferably 95 to 105 m/min. Further, in order to efficiently separate the coarse waste stone containing stainless steel to the non-repellent side, it is preferable to appropriately adjust the angle of the damper (angle ⁇ in FIG. 3).
  • the angle of the damper is preferably 55° or more, more preferably 60° or more.
  • the angle of the damper is preferably adjusted to about 50 to 70 degrees, more preferably adjusted to about 55 to 67 degrees, and even more preferably adjusted to about 58 to 65 degrees.
  • the angle of the damper is preferably adjusted to about 58 to 65 degrees, more than 90% of the stainless steel in the coarse waste can be recovered on the non-repellent side.
  • the non-repellent materials obtained in the eddy current sorting step S7 are shape sorted to obtain coarse waste stone containing stainless steel as a heavy product.
  • the shape sorting step S8 is provided after the eddy current sorting step S7, but for example, the eddy current sorting step S7 is omitted and the shape sorting step S8 is The order of the processing may be changed so that the magnetic material is sorted by shape and coarse waste stone containing stainless steel is obtained as a heavy product.
  • the shape sorter various kinds of sorters that utilize differences in specific gravity and shape of the objects to be sorted can be used, and the type thereof is not particularly limited.
  • a sorting machine that rolls and sorts raw materials can typically be used, and for example, an air table or the like is preferably used.
  • the rough waste stone containing stainless steel separated in the first magnetic sorting step S6 often has a plate-like shape.
  • other coarse waste stones containing copper, aluminum, etc. are often close to spherical in shape. Therefore, in the shape sorting step S8, by using shape sorting that utilizes the specific gravity difference and shape difference of the objects to be sorted, it is possible to more efficiently collect coarse waste stone containing plate-shaped stainless steel.
  • a single-axis air table sorter can be used.
  • an air table sorter as shown in FIG. 4 can be used.
  • the air table sorter is installed to separate light products and heavy products by dry specific gravity sorting, and is inclined at a predetermined angle and has a plurality of small vent holes (not shown) for passing air.
  • a vibration table that vibrates in the direction of the vibration table; a holding part (not shown) that holds the vibration table; a blower blower (not shown) that is provided below the holding part and supplies air from the bottom surface of the vibration table to the top surface; It is equipped with a hopper (not shown) for feeding raw materials into the vibrating table.
  • the plate-shaped coarse waste stone containing stainless steel supplied onto the vibrating table receives a force that moves it toward the heavy product side due to the vibration of the vibrating table.
  • light objects or spherical objects are strongly affected by the slope and are recovered on the light product side.
  • the inclination angle of the vibration table is 10 degrees or less with respect to the horizontal plane, and is 9 degrees or less. It is more preferable to incline the angle at an angle of 8° or less. If the angle of inclination is too small, the separation efficiency between light products and heavy products may not be improved. Therefore, the inclination angle of the vibrating table is preferably 5 degrees or more, more preferably 6 degrees or more, and even more preferably 7 degrees or more.
  • the frequency at which the vibration table vibrates can be adjusted as appropriate. Typically, the frequency is adjusted between 50 and 60 Hz, more preferably between 55 and 60 Hz. Furthermore, air may be supplied from a blow-up blower if necessary.
  • the heavy products obtained in the shape sorting process S8 are metal-sorted using a metal sorter including a sensor capable of detecting the strength of the metal reaction, and are separated from coarse waste stones containing copper and brass to those containing stainless steel. Separate and collect the coarse waste stone.
  • the metal sorter used in the metal sorting step S9 requires sensing technology that can selectively detect stainless steel from mixed metals including stainless steel, copper, brass, etc.
  • metal sorters can sense transmitted X-rays (XRT), fluorescent X-rays (XRF), laser-excited plasma (LIBS), near-infrared (NIR), visible light (VIS), electromagnetic induction (ISS), Raman spectroscopy, etc.
  • XRT transmitted X-rays
  • XRF fluorescent X-rays
  • LIBS laser-excited plasma
  • NIR near-infrared
  • VIS visible light
  • ISS electromagnetic induction
  • Raman spectroscopy etc.
  • One example is a metal sorter that uses technology.
  • a metal sorter using electromagnetic induction (ISS) type sensing technology.
  • ISS electromagnetic induction
  • metal reaction detection methods there are two types of metal reaction detection methods: one that detects the presence or absence of metal, and the other that detects the strength of the metal reaction.
  • metal sorter in order to efficiently separate and sort waste stones containing stainless steel, it is more preferable to use a metal sorter that utilizes a detection method that detects the strength of a metal reaction. Thereby, the stainless steel in the coarse waste stone can be efficiently separated and recovered.
  • the metal sorter includes a pair of pulleys that hold a belt conveyor, a metal object recovery section and a non-metal object recovery section provided below the belt conveyor, and a belt conveyor.
  • a detection section is placed on the bottom surface of the belt conveyor and detects the metal reaction of raw materials by generating electromagnetic waves from a predetermined area on the bottom surface of the belt conveyor. It is possible to include a sorting device such as an air nozzle for distributing the objects to the object recovery section.
  • the particle size of the coarse waste stone supplied to the metal sorter is set so that it has a particle size that is equal to or larger than the lower limit of the particle size that can be sorted by the metal sorter.
  • the size of the coarse stone in advance so that it has a particle size equal to or larger than the lower limit of the particle size that can be sorted by a metal sorter, it is possible to The metal sorting efficiency in the sorting step S9 can be improved.
  • the specific lower limit of the particle size of coarse ore that can be sorted by a metal sorter is not particularly limited, but is, for example, about 5 mm, more preferably a particle size of 8.0 mm or more, and even more preferably a particle size of 10.0 mm. It is 0 mm or more.
  • Table 2 shows the SUS recovery rate (weight ratio) and concentration ratio when coarse waste stones with various particle sizes are sorted using a metal sorter that uses ISS type sensing technology that detects the strength of metal reactions. represent.
  • the size of each coarse stone shown in Table 2 corresponds to the nominal opening W (mm) of the sieve based on JIS Z8801-01.
  • the concentration ratio shown in Table 2 represents the concentration ratio of SUS contained in the recovered coarse stone after sorting to the weight of SUS contained in the coarse stone before sorting.
  • the SUS ratio is 90% or more in all cases. That is, by sorting coarse waste stones with a grain size of 8.0 mm or more using a metal sorter, it is possible to improve the SUS ratio in the recovered material after the sorting process.
  • the sieved material separated in the rough waste stone sorting step S4 in FIG. 1, the magnetic material 1 separated in the second magnetic separation step S5, the non-magnetic material 2 separated in the first magnetic separation step S6, and the eddy current Table 3 shows an example of the measurement results of the composition ratio and distribution ratio of the main components in the coarse waste stone contained in the repulsion separated in the sorting step S7 and the heavy products and light products separated in the shape sorting step S8. .
  • a sieve with a nominal opening size of 5.6 mm was used.
  • the damper angle was 62°
  • the rotor rotation speed was 2250 rpm
  • the belt conveyor speed was 103 m/min.
  • the inclination angle was 8°
  • the table frequency was 50 Hz
  • the wind speed was 0 mm/s.
  • the composition ratio of stainless steel, copper/brass, iron, and aluminum is analyzed comprehensively based on the magnetism of the raw material, the color, hardness, and weight of the polished surface when the raw material is sanded. The selection was done by hand.
  • the composition ratio (%) means the weight ratio of the target substance in each sorted material.
  • the distribution ratio was calculated by setting each component of the sieve as 100%, and calculating the weight ratio of each component separated as magnetic material 1, non-magnetic material 2, repellent material, light product, and heavy product. As shown in Table 3, it can be seen that more than 70% of the stainless steel in the sieved material can be recovered as a heavy product in the shape sorting step S8.
  • most of the heavy products separated in the shape sorting step S8 are coarse waste stones containing stainless steel and coarse waste stones containing copper or brass. Therefore, by performing metal sorting on heavy products using a metal sorter that uses sensing technology that can selectively detect stainless steel from mixed metals, the concentration of stainless steel in the separated and recovered material can be increased, and stainless steel can be recovered. It can be seen that the efficiency can be further increased.
  • waste stones are collected from the crushed waste obtained by pulverizing electrical/electronic parts waste, and the above-mentioned method for separating and recovering stainless steel from the waste stones is performed.
  • the above-mentioned method for separating and recovering stainless steel from the waste stones is performed.
  • stainless steel can be selectively and efficiently separated and recovered while suppressing a decrease in recovery efficiency of valuable metals.
  • the method for treating electrical/electronic component scraps involves charging the separated materials obtained in each step of the stainless steel separation method shown in FIG. 1 into a smelting furnace such as a flash furnace. It can include a smelting furnace treatment step in which the material is treated in a smelting furnace, and an oxidation smelting furnace treatment step in which the material is charged into an oxidation smelting furnace such as a converter.
  • the method for treating electrical/electronic component scraps includes a smelting furnace treatment step in which the pulverized material obtained in the airflow classification step S3 is charged into a smelting furnace and treated;
  • An oxidation smelting furnace treatment step is included in which at least a portion of the non-magnetized material 2 obtained in the magnetic separation step S6 is charged into an oxidation smelting furnace and treated.
  • the type of smelting furnace does not matter, it is composed of, for example, a shaft (not shown), a settler, and an uptake, and the shaft is equipped with a concentrate burner at its ceiling. From the concentrate burner, the finely pulverized material obtained in the air classification step S3, copper concentrate, a solvent (flux), and oxygen-enriched air are blown simultaneously to cause an oxidation reaction to occur instantaneously. The finely ground material that has undergone the oxidation reaction is separated into matte and slag in a settler. In addition, the exhaust gas generated in the smelting furnace is sent to the uptake.
  • the smelting furnace should be operated under the same known operating conditions regardless of whether or not electrical/electronic parts scraps are input.
  • the treatment conditions are not particularly limited.
  • a furnace port is provided at the top of a furnace body (not shown), and tuyeres are provided at the lower side of the furnace body.
  • At least a portion of the non-magnetized material 2 obtained in the first magnetic separation step S6, the matte separated in the smelting furnace, and a solvent (flux) are charged into the furnace from the furnace mouth. Further, oxygen-enriched air is blown from the tuyere to oxidize at least a portion of the non-magnetized material 2 obtained in the first magnetic separation step S6.
  • any known operating method may be used in order to operate the oxidation smelting furnace to the extent that the original intended function of the oxidation smelting furnace is not lost.
  • the coarse waste stone separated as magnetic material 1 in the second magnetic separation step S5 the coarse waste stone separated as non-magnetic material 2 in the first magnetic separation step S6, and the eddy current separation step
  • the coarse waste stone separated as a repulsion material in S7, the coarse waste stone separated as a light product in the shape sorting process S8, and the coarse waste stone other than stainless steel separated as a coarse waste stone that does not contain stainless steel in the metal sorting process S9 is preferably charged into an oxidation smelting furnace.
  • metal sorting is further performed using a metal sorter on the magnetic objects 1 in the second magnetic sorting step S5 and the non-magnetic objects 2 obtained in the first magnetic sorting step S6, and coarse waste stones containing stainless steel are separated into metals.
  • the recovery efficiency of stainless steel may be improved by separating the stainless steel into materials and inputting this separated material into any of the eddy current sorting step S7, shape sorting step S8, and metal sorting step S9.
  • stainless steel containing smelting inhibiting substances such as Ni and Cr is removed in advance from the raw material supplied to an oxidation smelting furnace such as a converter.
  • an oxidation smelting furnace such as a converter.
  • various operational troubles due to the contamination of smelting inhibiting substances in the oxidation smelting furnace treatment process can be suppressed, and efficient processing can be performed.
  • stainless steel can be reused by collecting waste stone containing stainless steel.
  • the processing flow shown in FIG. 1 is an example, and it goes without saying that various other processing procedures can be adopted.
  • the eddy current sorting step S7, the shape sorting step S8, and the metal sorting step S9 may be omitted or their order may be changed as appropriate.
  • the eddy current sorting step S7 and the shape sorting step S8 can be omitted. It is also possible to change the order of the eddy current sorting step S7 and the magnetic sorting step (first magnetic sorting step S6 and second magnetic sorting step S5).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne : un procédé de séparation d'acier inoxydable capable de séparer efficacement de l'acier inoxydable de déchets de composants électriques/électroniques, en particulier, de déchets broyés obtenus en soumettant des déchets de composants électriques/électroniques à un traitement de broyage ; et un procédé de traitement de déchets de composants électriques/électroniques. Le procédé de séparation d'acier inoxydable comprend : une étape de broyage S2 destinée à broyer des composants électriques/électroniques ; une étape de tri par flux d'air S3 destinée à trier la substance broyée obtenue à l'étape de broyage par flux d'air et à obtenir, en tant que substance lourde, des agrégats refusés qui comprennent de l'acier inoxydable ; une étape de tri d'agrégats refusés grossiers S4 destinée à trier et collecter, à partir des agrégats refusés, des agrégats refusés grossiers présentant au moins une taille prédéterminée ; et une première étape de tri magnétique S6 destinée à trier magnétiquement des agrégats refusés grossiers et à obtenir, en tant que substance magnétisée, des agrégats refusés grossiers qui comprennent de l'acier inoxydable, à partir des agrégats refusés grossiers.
PCT/JP2023/019001 2022-05-23 2023-05-22 Procédé de séparation d'acier inoxydable et procédé de traitement de déchets de composants électriques/électroniques Ceased WO2023228912A1 (fr)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001232340A (ja) * 2000-02-22 2001-08-28 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd シュレッダーダストの乾留残渣処理方法及び装置
WO2019177176A1 (fr) * 2018-03-16 2019-09-19 Ｊｘ金属株式会社 Procédé de traitement de déchets de composant de dispositif électronique et électrique
WO2021157483A1 (fr) * 2020-02-06 2021-08-12 Ｄｏｗａエコシステム株式会社 Procédé de séparation pour ressources de valeur
JP2021159794A (ja) * 2020-03-30 2021-10-11 Ｊｘ金属株式会社 被覆銅線屑の処理方法

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001232340A (ja) * 2000-02-22 2001-08-28 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd シュレッダーダストの乾留残渣処理方法及び装置
WO2019177176A1 (fr) * 2018-03-16 2019-09-19 Ｊｘ金属株式会社 Procédé de traitement de déchets de composant de dispositif électronique et électrique
WO2021157483A1 (fr) * 2020-02-06 2021-08-12 Ｄｏｗａエコシステム株式会社 Procédé de séparation pour ressources de valeur
JP2021159794A (ja) * 2020-03-30 2021-10-11 Ｊｘ金属株式会社 被覆銅線屑の処理方法

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