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WO2018061545A1 - Appareil et procédé de traitement de cendres incinérées - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé de traitement de cendres incinérées Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018061545A1
WO2018061545A1 PCT/JP2017/030284 JP2017030284W WO2018061545A1 WO 2018061545 A1 WO2018061545 A1 WO 2018061545A1 JP 2017030284 W JP2017030284 W JP 2017030284W WO 2018061545 A1 WO2018061545 A1 WO 2018061545A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ash
incineration ash
less
specific gravity
sorting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2017/030284
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
洸 瀧澤
智典 竹本
隆 花田
泰之 石田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Taiheiyo Cement Corp
Original Assignee
Taiheiyo Cement Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2017044525A external-priority patent/JP7017855B2/ja
Application filed by Taiheiyo Cement Corp filed Critical Taiheiyo Cement Corp
Priority to US16/333,753 priority Critical patent/US11014092B2/en
Priority to EP17855503.3A priority patent/EP3498387B1/fr
Priority to CN201780060055.3A priority patent/CN109789452A/zh
Publication of WO2018061545A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018061545A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
    • B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
    • B03C1/24—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/01—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using gravity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
    • C04B7/26—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag from raw materials containing flue dust, i.e. fly ash
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
    • C04B7/28—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag from combustion residues, e.g. ashes or slags from waste incineration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
    • C04B7/38—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches, e.g. mixing with fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
    • C04B7/38—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches, e.g. mixing with fuel
    • C04B7/42—Active ingredients added before, or during, the burning process
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for recovering precious metal from incinerated ash and for effectively using the ash after precious metal recovery.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses that incinerated ash is crushed with a dry ball mill and then classified with a sieve, the metal is recovered on the coarse particle side obtained by classification, and fine particles from which metal has been removed from the ash to some extent are used as a cement raw material. It is described that it is used effectively.
  • incineration ash contains precious metals such as gold, silver and copper in addition to common metals.
  • the ash content is recovered after the precious metal is efficiently recovered from the incineration ash. It is desirable to use
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above problems in the prior art, and aims to efficiently recover precious metal from incinerated ash and effectively use the ash content after the precious metal is recovered.
  • the present invention is an incineration ash treatment apparatus, comprising a crushing apparatus and / or a classification apparatus for crushing and / or classifying incinerated ash to a maximum particle size of 5 mm or less, and the crushing apparatus.
  • a crushing apparatus and / or a classification apparatus for crushing and / or classifying incinerated ash to a maximum particle size of 5 mm or less
  • the crushing apparatus Or / and an eddy current separator for separating incinerated ash having a maximum particle size of 5 mm or less discharged from the classifier into a conductor and a nonconductor, and a conductor discharged from the eddy current separator as a high specific gravity object and a low specific gravity object.
  • a specific gravity difference sorting device that separates into two.
  • the eddy current sorting device can efficiently collect the noble metal and metal aluminum content on the conductor side, and the specific gravity difference sorting device can also collect the noble metal and the precious metal.
  • the precious metal and the metal aluminum content can be efficiently and separately recovered from the incinerated ash.
  • the remaining ash can be effectively used as a cement raw material.
  • the aluminum content is reduced as compared with the incinerated ash before the sorting process, the amount that can be used to produce 1 ton of cement can be increased.
  • the specific gravity difference sorting device can be an air table, and the drum rotation speed of the eddy current sorting device can be 4000 rpm or more.
  • the incineration ash can further include a mixing device for mixing a modifier for preventing agglomeration, and by mixing the modifier with the incineration ash, Aggregation of incinerated ash can be prevented.
  • the incineration ash treatment apparatus may further include a wind power sorting device that separates the conductor discharged from the eddy current sorting device into heavy and light materials by wind power. By providing the wind sorting device, it is possible to recover the precious metal more efficiently.
  • the present invention is a method for treating incineration ash, wherein the incineration ash is crushed or / and classified to a maximum particle size of 5 mm or less, and the incinerated ash having a maximum particle size of 5 mm or less obtained by the crushing or / and classification is obtained.
  • the conductor is separated into a conductor and a non-conductor by eddy current sorting, and the conductor obtained by the eddy current sorting is separated into a high specific gravity material and a low specific gravity material by specific gravity difference sorting.
  • precious metals and metallic aluminum can be efficiently and separately recovered from incineration ash.
  • the non-conductor can be used as a raw material for cement.
  • the incineration ash before the incineration ash is crushed or / and classified, the incineration ash can be mixed with a modifier for preventing agglomeration. Thereby, agglomeration of incinerated ash can be prevented.
  • the conductor obtained by the eddy current sorting can be separated into heavy and light by wind sorting before sorting by specific gravity difference. Thereby, a noble metal can be recovered more efficiently.
  • the modifying material may be at least one selected from incineration fly ash, coal fly ash, limestone powder, and sand pulverized material of municipal waste.
  • incineration fly ash coal fly ash
  • limestone powder limestone powder
  • sand pulverized material of municipal waste By using these components as a modifier, a mixture with incinerated ash can be used as a cement raw material after recovery of the precious metal.
  • the reforming material can be a lightweight material selected by the wind sorting. By using a light-weight material with a small amount of coarse particles and moisture, a good anti-aggregation effect can be achieved.
  • the modifying material can be added in an amount of 15 to 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the incineration ash. Thereby, agglomeration can be effectively prevented.
  • the particle size of the modifying material can be 0.1 mm or less. Thereby, agglomeration can be effectively prevented.
  • precious metals and the like can be efficiently recovered from incinerated ash, and the remaining ash can be used effectively.
  • Incineration ash is the ash generated when combustibles such as municipal waste are incinerated in a stoker type or fluidized bed type incinerator, and the main ash (bottom ash) remaining at the bottom of the incinerator And fly ash contained in the exhaust gas of the incinerator.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a processing apparatus for incineration ash according to the present invention.
  • This processing apparatus 1 has a drying apparatus 2 for drying received incineration ash A1, and a dry ash A2 discharged from the drying apparatus 2.
  • the drying device 2 is provided for drying the incineration ash A1.
  • the drying device 2 it is preferable to use a rotary kiln type hot air drying device capable of continuously treating the incineration ash A1.
  • produces with a cement baking apparatus can be used, for example, waste heat of cement kilns, such as cement kiln exhaust gas, can be used.
  • the first magnetic separation device 3 is provided to remove the magnetic body M1 containing iron from the dry ash A2.
  • a drum type magnetic separator or a suspended magnetic separator can be used as the first magnetic separator 3.
  • the crushing device 4 is provided for crushing the nonmagnetic material N1 from the first magnetic sorting device 3 to an arbitrary particle size of 5 mm or less.
  • the noble metal-enriched particles can be scraped off from the surface of the noble metal-adhered particles in the non-magnetic material N1.
  • the “particle size of Amm or less” is the amount of passage when a sieve having an aperture of Amm is used if it is a sieve. This refers to the case where the weight of particles remaining on the sieve is 10% or less.
  • the cyclone 5 is provided to collect dust from the exhaust gas G1 containing dust generated when the nonmagnetic material N1 is crushed by the crushing device 4, and collects the dust as dust D1.
  • the bag filter 6 is provided to collect dust from the exhaust gas G2 of the cyclone 5 and collects the dust D2 that could not be collected by the cyclone 5.
  • the second magnetic separator 7 is provided for removing the magnetic body M2 containing iron from the crushed material C.
  • a drum type magnetic separator or a suspended magnetic separator can be used as the second magnetic separator 7.
  • the eddy current sorting device 8 is provided for causing electromagnetic induction in the nonmagnetic material N2 from the second magnetic force sorting device 7 and separating the nonmagnetic material N2 into the conductor E and the nonconductor I.
  • a rotary magnet type can be used as the eddy current sorting device 8.
  • the eddy current sorting device 8 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and an N pole and an S pole are alternately provided in the circumferential direction of the side surface of the cylinder.
  • separated into I can be used.
  • the rotational speed of the drum 8b of the eddy current sorting device 8 is preferably 4000 rpm or more.
  • a noble metal and a metal aluminum part can be efficiently collect
  • the recovery rate is greatly improved by setting the rotation speed of the drum 8b to 4000 rpm or more as compared with the case where the rotation speed of the drum 8b is less than 4000 rpm. be able to.
  • the wind power sorting device 9 is provided for separating the conductor E discharged from the eddy current sorting device 8 into a heavy material H1 and a light material L1 by wind power.
  • the wind sorting apparatus 9 can be omitted, the provision of the wind sorting apparatus 9 makes it possible to more efficiently separate and recover the noble metal.
  • the air table 10 is provided to separate the heavy object H1 discharged from the wind sorting apparatus 9 into a high specific gravity object H2 and a low specific gravity object L2 by specific gravity difference sorting. As shown in FIG. 3, the air table 10 is inclined at a predetermined angle and has a vibration table 10a having a plurality of small vents through which air flow passes, and by rotating, the vibration table 10a is moved from the lower surface to the upper surface. A blower blower 10b for supplying air is provided.
  • the heavy object H1 supplied to the upper surface of the vibration table 10a is floated from the upper surface of the vibration table 10a by the air flow passing through the vibration table 10a, and is caused by the vibration applied in the inclination direction of the vibration table 10a.
  • the high specific gravity H2 having a large specific gravity moves to the lower layer
  • the low specific gravity L2 having a small specific gravity moves to the upper layer.
  • the lower specific gravity object H2 receives the frictional force and vibrational force from the upper surface of the vibration table 10a and moves obliquely upward
  • the lower specific gravity object L2 receives the frictional force and vibrational force from the upper surface of the vibration table 10a.
  • the incinerated ash A1 received is supplied to the drying device 2 and dried until the moisture content of the incinerated ash A1 is about 20% or less.
  • the dry ash A2 discharged from the drying device 2 is magnetically sorted by the first magnetic sorting device 3 and separated into the magnetic body M1 and the non-magnetic body N1. Further, the nonmagnetic material N1 discharged from the first magnetic sorting device 3 is crushed by the crushing device 4. Further, the cyclone 5 collects dust from the exhaust gas G1 of the crushing device 4, and the bag filter 6 collects dust from the exhaust gas G2 of the cyclone 5, and the cyclone 5 and the bag filter 6 collect the dusts D1 and D2, respectively.
  • the crushed material C discharged from the crushing device 4 is magnetically sorted by the second magnetic sorting device 7 to be separated into the magnetic material M2 and the nonmagnetic material N2, and the nonmagnetic material N2 discharged from the second magnetic sorting device 7 is separated.
  • the eddy current sorter 8 separates the eddy current into a conductor E and a nonconductor I containing a large amount of noble metal and metal aluminum.
  • the heavy object H1 discharged from the wind power sorter 9 is supplied to the air table 10 and separated into a high specific gravity object H2 containing a high-purity precious metal and a low specific gravity object L2 containing a high-purity aluminum component.
  • the eddy current sorting device 8 can collect the ash from which the noble metal or metal aluminum content has been removed from the nonmagnetic material N2 as the non-conductor I, and the air table 10 can increase the purity of the noble metal with high purity. It can be recovered as the specific gravity H2.
  • each thing collected by the processing apparatus 1 is used effectively.
  • the magnetic substance M1 and the magnetic substance M2 removed by the first magnetic sorting apparatus 3 and the second magnetic sorting apparatus 7 contain a large amount of iron, it can be used as iron for raw materials for iron making or cement. it can.
  • the dusts D1 and D2 collected by the cyclone 5 and the bag filter 6 can also be used as a cement raw material.
  • non-conductor I discharged from the eddy current sorter 8 and the light weight L1 discharged from the wind sorter 9 contain almost no precious metal or metal aluminum, they are used as cement raw materials.
  • the dusts D3 and D4 collected by the cyclone 11 and the bag filter 12 contain a large amount of metal aluminum
  • the dusts D3 and D4 can be used as a metal aluminum recycling material or a cement material depending on the composition. it can.
  • the crushed material C of the crushing device 4 is supplied to the second magnetic sorting device 7, but a classifying device such as a sieve is provided instead of the crushing device 4, and the particle size is 5 mm or less. It is also possible to supply each of the particles within the predetermined range to the second magnetic separation device 7. In this case, particles larger than a predetermined particle size may be discharged out of the system as a cement raw material or may be crushed to a particle size within a predetermined range.
  • the crushed material C of the crushing apparatus 4 was supplied to the 2nd magnetic sorting apparatus 7, classification devices, such as a sieve which classifies the crushed material C, are provided, and the crushed material C is classified with this classification device. Then, the particle size may be adjusted within a predetermined range of 5 mm or less.
  • the collection accuracy can be further improved by further subdividing the particle group within a predetermined range of 5 mm or less into each particle group and supplying each of these particle groups to the second magnetic separation device 7.
  • the crushed material C discharged from the crushing device 4 is supplied to the first sieve and separated into a particle group having a particle diameter of 5 mm or more and a particle group having a particle diameter of less than 5 mm.
  • the particle group having a particle diameter of less than 5 mm obtained by the first sieve is supplied to the second sieve, and separated into a particle group having a particle diameter of 3 mm or more and less than 5 mm and a particle group having a particle diameter of less than 3 mm.
  • the particle group having a particle size of less than 3 mm obtained by the second sieve is supplied to the third sieve and separated into a particle group having a particle size of 2 mm or more and less than 3 mm and a particle group having a particle size of less than 2 mm. Further, the particle group having a particle diameter of less than 2 mm obtained by the third sieve is supplied to the fourth sieve, and separated into a particle group having a particle diameter of 1 mm or more and less than 2 mm and a particle group having a particle diameter of less than 1 mm.
  • a particle group having a particle size of 5 mm or more, a particle group having a particle size of 3 mm or more and less than 5 mm, a particle group having a particle size of 2 mm or more and less than 3 mm, a particle group having a particle size of 1 mm or more and less than 2 mm, and a particle group having a particle size of less than 1 mm are separately provided. May be supplied to the second magnetic separator 7 and processed for each particle size range.
  • the eddy current sorting device 8 can more efficiently recover the noble metal or metal aluminum component from the nonmagnetic material N2 to the conductor E side.
  • the noble metal contained in the heavy object H1 can be more efficiently recovered to the high specific gravity object H2 side by the air table 10.
  • the classification point can be appropriately adjusted as long as it is 5 mm or less.
  • the wind power sorting device 9 is provided between the eddy current sorting device 8 and the air table 10, but the wind sorting device 9 is not necessarily provided, and the conductor E discharged from the eddy current sorting device 8 is directly connected to the air table. 10 can also be introduced. Furthermore, depending on the moisture content of the received incineration ash A1 and other physical properties, devices other than the eddy current sorting device 8 and the specific gravity difference sorting device such as the air table 10 illustrated can be omitted as appropriate.
  • FIG. 4 shows an apparatus used in the test example.
  • This processing apparatus 21 magnetically sorts the drying apparatus 22 for drying the received incineration ash (city waste incineration ash) A1 and the dry ash A2 discharged from the drying apparatus 22.
  • a first magnetic separator 23 that performs classification
  • a sieve 24 that classifies the non-magnetic material N1 discharged from the first magnetic separator 23, and a second magnetic separator 25 that magnetically selects fine particles P discharged from the sieve 24.
  • An eddy current sorting device 26 that sorts the non-magnetic material N2 separated by the second magnetic sorting device 25, an air table 27 that sorts the conductor E discharged from the eddy current sorting device 26 by a specific gravity difference, and the like.
  • the incinerated ash A1 was supplied to a drying device 22 having an internal temperature of 105 ° C. and dried until the moisture content became 0% (absolutely dry state). Next, the dried incineration ash A1 is supplied to a suspended first magnetic separation device 23 to remove the magnetic material M1, and the obtained nonmagnetic material N1 is supplied to the sieve 24 and classified. Fine particles P having a diameter of 5 mm or less that passed through were collected. Further, the fine particles P were passed through the second magnetic separator 25 to remove the magnetic material M2 and collect the nonmagnetic material N2.
  • the non-magnetic material N2 was supplied to an eddy current sorter (Eddy current sorter manufactured by SGM, model TVIS) 26 having a drum rotation speed of 6000 rpm, and separated into a conductor E and a nonconductor I. Further, the conductor E was separated into a high specific gravity material H and a low specific gravity material L by selecting a specific gravity difference with an air table (TRIPLE / S DYNAMICS, made by INC. (USA)) 27.
  • Eddy current sorter manufactured by SGM, model TVIS
  • the components contained in the fine particles P, conductor E, nonconductor I, high specific gravity H and low specific gravity L obtained as described above were analyzed.
  • gold and silver were analyzed by ICP mass spectrometry, and other components were analyzed by fluorescent X-ray analysis.
  • ICP mass spectrometry an object to be analyzed was ground to 100 ⁇ m or less, acid-decomposed, and quantitatively analyzed with a lower limit of quantification of 0.1 g / l.
  • fluorescent X-ray analysis an object to be analyzed was pulverized to 100 ⁇ m or less, and semiquantitative analysis was performed by a fundamental parameter method.
  • the content of each component of the high specific gravity H with respect to the conductor E increased to about 100 times for gold, about 2.1 times for silver, and about 2.5 times for copper. From these results, it was found that the high specific gravity H containing a large amount of noble metal can be efficiently recovered from the conductor E by sorting the conductor E obtained by sorting the incinerated ash by eddy current.
  • the content rate of iron was substantially the same density
  • the drum rotation speed was 3500 rpm, the conductor E was not recovered at all. Therefore, it is preferable to set the rotation speed of the drum of the eddy current sorting device to about 4000 rpm or more.
  • an incineration ash treatment apparatus in order to prevent the incineration ash from agglomerating due to moisture contained in the incineration ash, a modifier is mixed with the incineration ash.
  • municipal waste incineration ash is wet ash containing moisture, and may contain 15 to 35% high moisture.
  • Such wet ash may be agglomerated and coarsened due to vibration in the incinerator ash processing apparatus, dropping when moving between the apparatuses constituting the processing apparatus, or the like.
  • the coarse incinerated ash is clogged in the incinerator ash processing apparatus, and it becomes difficult to sort the incinerated ash with a predetermined particle size or specific gravity difference, which may cause a reduction in sorting efficiency.
  • the incineration ash processing apparatus 1 is dried using the drying apparatus 2 to prevent the occurrence of these problems. If generation
  • the drying apparatus 2 is removed, and instead, each component for mixing modifiers that prevent incineration ash from agglomerating is added.
  • FIG. 5 is an overall configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the incineration ash treatment apparatus according to the present invention.
  • the incineration ash processing device 31 according to the second embodiment includes a first sieve sorting device 32, a first crushing device 33, a first magnetic sorting device 34, a second sieve sorting device 35, a mixing device 36, and a second magnetic sorting device. 37, a second crushing device 38, a cyclone 39, a bag filter 40, a third magnetic force sorting device 41, an eddy current sorting device 42, a wind power sorting device 43, an air table 44, a cyclone 45 and a bag filter 46.
  • these apparatuses can be appropriately omitted depending on the properties of the incineration ash A, the amount and properties of the modifier to be mixed, and the like.
  • 43, the air table 44, the cyclone 45, and the bag filter 46 are the first magnetic sorting device 3, the crushing device 4, the cyclone 5, the bag filter 6, the second of the incineration ash treatment device 1 according to the first embodiment described above, respectively. Since it has the same configuration as the magnetic sorting device 7, the eddy current sorting device 8, the wind force sorting device 9, the air table 10, the cyclone 11 and the bag filter 12, detailed description of these configurations will be omitted.
  • the first sieve sorting device 32 is a sorting device that sorts particles using a sieve that passes particles P1 having a particle size of less than X mm (a predetermined particle size selected from a range of 15 mm or more and less than 40 mm, the same shall apply hereinafter).
  • X mm a predetermined particle size selected from a range of 15 mm or more and less than 40 mm, the same shall apply hereinafter.
  • the particles P1 that have passed through the first sieve sorting device 32 are supplied to the mixing device 36 described later.
  • the particles P ⁇ b> 2 having a particle size of X mm or more that have not passed through the first sieve sorting device 32 are supplied to the first crushing device 33.
  • the particle size Xmm was selected from 15 to 40 mm because, when the particle size Xmm is set to less than 15 mm, in the case of the incinerated ash A having a high water content, the first sieve sorting device 32 tends to block the sieve mesh, When the particle size Xmm is 40 mm or more, the lump is mixed by the mixing device 36, the load on the mixing device 36 is increased, and there are not many particles having a particle size of 40 mm or more. This is because the amount of the incinerated ash A processed by the second sieve sorting device 35 is reduced, resulting in inefficiency.
  • the first crushing device 33 is provided to crush the particles P2 having a particle size of X mm or more supplied from the first sieve sorting device 32 into an arbitrary particle size of less than the particle size X mm.
  • the crushed material C ⁇ b> 1 by the first crushing device 33 is supplied to the first magnetic sorting device 34.
  • the first magnetic separator 34 is provided to remove the magnetic body M1 containing iron or the like contained in the crushed material C1.
  • a drum type magnetic separator or a suspended magnetic separator can be used as the first magnetic separator 34.
  • the non-magnetic material N1 sorted by the first magnetic sorting device 34 is supplied to the second sieve sorting device 35.
  • the second sieve sorting device 35 is a sorting device that sorts particles using a sieve that allows the passage of particles P3 having a particle size of less than X mm, as with the first sieve sorting device 32.
  • the particles P3 having a particle size of less than X mm that have passed through the second sieve sorting device 35 are supplied to the mixing device 36.
  • the particles P4 having a particle size of X mm or more that have not passed through the second sieve sorting device 35 are discharged out of the system.
  • the particles P4 may be supplied to the first crushing device 33 without being discharged out of the system.
  • the mixing device 36 is supplied with the particles P1 and P3 having a particle diameter of less than X mm and the modifier RA supplied from the first sieve sorting device 32 and the second sieve sorting device 35, and these are mixed. It is a mixer.
  • the modifier RA is mixed with the incineration ash to prevent the incineration ash from aggregating the municipal waste that is wet ash, and the particles of the incineration ash are aggregated by entering between the incineration ash particles. To prevent. Further, in order to effectively use the remaining ash after the precious metal or the like is recovered as a cement raw material or the like, it is necessary that the modifier RA be a material that can be used as a cement raw material or the like. In order to use ash as a cement raw material, incineration fly ash of municipal waste, coal fly ash, limestone powder, pulverized sand, and the like are used as the modifying material RA.
  • the lightweight material L1 has a small amount of coarse particles and moisture, and can exhibit a good anti-aggregation effect.
  • These modifiers RA may be used alone, or two or more modifiers may be mixed and used.
  • the particle size of the reforming material RA is 0.1 mm or less.
  • the particle size of the modifying material RA exceeds 0.1 mm, it is not possible to obtain a sufficient aggregation preventing effect.
  • the mixing ratio of the reforming material RA is 15 parts by mass or more and 50 parts by mass or less, preferably 25 parts by mass or more and 45 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the incineration ash A.
  • the mixing ratio of the modifying material RA is less than 25 parts by mass, the effect of preventing agglomeration is insufficient.
  • it exceeds 45 parts by mass the effect of preventing aggregation is moderated, and when it exceeds 50 parts by mass, the effect of preventing aggregation is saturated and the metal quality of the recovered product is also lowered.
  • the mixture MA produced by mixing the particles P1 and P3 and the reforming material RA by the mixing device 36 is supplied to the second magnetic force sorting device 37.
  • the processing after the second magnetic separator 37 is the same as that of the incineration ash processing apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment described above, and the precious metal and the like are collected.
  • the incineration ash processing apparatus 31 having the above-described configuration, it is possible to efficiently recover precious metals and the like from the incineration ash and to effectively use the remaining ash. Moreover, the agglomeration of the incineration ash can be prevented, and the blockage of the incineration ash in the processing device 31 and the reduction of the sorting efficiency can be effectively prevented.
  • the first sieve sorting device 32, the first crushing device 33, the first magnetic sorting device 34, and the second sieve sorting device 35 are configured to improve the reforming efficiency by the modifier.
  • this is not an essential configuration. Therefore, for example, when the particle size of the incineration ash A charged into the incineration ash processing device 31 is less than X mm from the beginning, or when the amount of addition of the modifier RA is increased, these configurations are configured depending on the situation. Can be omitted.
  • Table 1 shows the experimental results on the relationship between the moisture content and the operating condition when the treatment with the air table 44 is performed from the first sieve sorting device 32 shown in FIG. 5 for the three types of incinerated ash A to C.
  • Each incineration ash A to C is the main ash of municipal waste incineration ash generated from the stoker furnace, and has passed through a 25 mm sieve.
  • the incineration ash A As for the incineration ash A, when the water content was 24% or more, the second crushing device 38 was clogged, and the operation became impossible. When the incineration ash A moisture was 20% and the incineration ash B moisture was 22%, the operation was possible, but the agglomeration occurred slightly, and the metal quality of the recovered material was lowered. Aggregation did not occur when the incineration ash A moisture was 11% or less, the incineration ash B moisture was 17%, and the incineration ash C moisture was 18%. From this, it was found that as the water content of the incinerated ash increases, the agglomeration tends to occur, and when the water content exceeds approximately 20%, the operation may not be possible.
  • the incineration ash A has a moisture content of 29%
  • the incineration ash B has a moisture content of 22%
  • the incineration ash C has a moisture content of 18%.
  • the mixture was stirred with a mixer.
  • a RYOBI power mixer (model number PM-311) was rotated at 300 rpm, and the mixture was mixed for 1 minute.
  • the incineration ash A to C was sieved using a 1 mm, 2 mm, 5 mm, and 10 mm eye sieve.
  • the sieving was performed by manually moving the sample by vertically and horizontally moving the sieve in accordance with ⁇ ⁇ JIS A 1102.
  • the mass ratio was measured about the particle
  • the measurement results are shown in Table 2.
  • Table 3 shows the particle diameter and components of the modifier used in the experiment.
  • Sand that is sand and has a particle size of less than 2 mm, and crushed sand that has been pulverized from the standard sand and has a particle size of less than 0.1 mm were used.
  • incineration ash A 15% or more of fly ash A, 15% or more of fly ash B, 20% or more of fly ash C, 20% or more of limestone powder About what mixed and the thing which mixed 20% or more of crushed sand products, it was determined that the operation was possible.
  • the water content in the mixture at this time was 12% or less.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

Le problème décrit par la présente invention est de récupérer efficacement, à partir de cendres incinérées, de métaux précieux, tels que l'or, l'argent, le cuivre, etc, ou de l'aluminium et pour utiliser efficacement un constituant de cendres après la récupération des métaux précieux ou analogues. La solution selon l'invention porte sur un appareil de traitement de cendres incinérées qui est pourvu : d'un broyeur et/ou d'un classificateur qui broie, classifie, ou qui effectue les deux à la fois de sorte que la taille de grain maximale de cendres incinérées A1 devient inférieure ou égale à 5 mm; un trieur de surintensité (8) qui sépare les cendres incinérées ayant la taille de grain maximale de 5 mm ou moins, qui ont été éjecté du broyeur et/ou du classificateur, en conducteurs E et non conducteurs I; et un trieur par gravité spécifique qui sépare les conducteurs E éjectés du trieur de surintensité (8) en substances à gravité spécifique élevée H2 et en substances à faible densité spécifique L2. Une table d'air (10) peut être utilisée en tant que trieur par gravité spécifique. Il est possible de fournir un classificateur qui classifie les substances écrasées C et qui a un point de classification à 5 mm ou moins, et de fournir des grains fins P qui sont éjectés du classificateur et qui ont des tailles de grain de 5 mm ou moins au trieur de surintensité (8). Avec le trieur de surintensité (8), il est possible de régler une vitesse de rotation de tambour à 4000 tours/minute ou plus.
PCT/JP2017/030284 2016-09-28 2017-08-24 Appareil et procédé de traitement de cendres incinérées Ceased WO2018061545A1 (fr)

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US16/333,753 US11014092B2 (en) 2016-09-28 2017-08-24 Incinerated-ash treatment device and treatment method
EP17855503.3A EP3498387B1 (fr) 2016-09-28 2017-08-24 Appareil et procédé de traitement de cendres incinérées
CN201780060055.3A CN109789452A (zh) 2016-09-28 2017-08-24 焚烧灰的处理装置和处理方法

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JP2020027017A (ja) * 2018-08-10 2020-02-20 太平洋セメント株式会社 セメントクリンカーの選別方法
CN113893939A (zh) * 2021-08-19 2022-01-07 顺尔茨环保(北京)有限公司 一种废铝高效破碎分选系统及方法
WO2023042507A1 (fr) * 2021-09-17 2023-03-23 川崎重工業株式会社 Dispositif de tri par gravité spécifique et système de traitement de cendres d'incinération le comprenant
WO2023042506A1 (fr) * 2021-09-17 2023-03-23 川崎重工業株式会社 Dispositif de tri par densité relative et système de traitement de cendres d'incinération le comprenant

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JP2013000685A (ja) * 2011-06-17 2013-01-07 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd 家電製品からの有価金属回収方法
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020027017A (ja) * 2018-08-10 2020-02-20 太平洋セメント株式会社 セメントクリンカーの選別方法
JP7144233B2 (ja) 2018-08-10 2022-09-29 太平洋セメント株式会社 セメントクリンカーの選別方法
CN113893939A (zh) * 2021-08-19 2022-01-07 顺尔茨环保(北京)有限公司 一种废铝高效破碎分选系统及方法
CN113893939B (zh) * 2021-08-19 2023-08-22 顺尔茨环保(北京)有限公司 一种废铝破碎分选系统及方法
WO2023042507A1 (fr) * 2021-09-17 2023-03-23 川崎重工業株式会社 Dispositif de tri par gravité spécifique et système de traitement de cendres d'incinération le comprenant
WO2023042506A1 (fr) * 2021-09-17 2023-03-23 川崎重工業株式会社 Dispositif de tri par densité relative et système de traitement de cendres d'incinération le comprenant
JP2023043983A (ja) * 2021-09-17 2023-03-30 川崎重工業株式会社 比重選別装置およびこれを備えた焼却灰処理システム
CN117940229A (zh) * 2021-09-17 2024-04-26 川崎重工业株式会社 比重分选装置以及具有该比重分选装置的焚烧灰处理系统
JP7787674B2 (ja) 2021-09-17 2025-12-17 川崎重工業株式会社 比重選別装置およびこれを備えた焼却灰処理システム

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