WO2023210798A1 - 微生物の集積方法および集積システム - Google Patents
微生物の集積方法および集積システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023210798A1 WO2023210798A1 PCT/JP2023/016809 JP2023016809W WO2023210798A1 WO 2023210798 A1 WO2023210798 A1 WO 2023210798A1 JP 2023016809 W JP2023016809 W JP 2023016809W WO 2023210798 A1 WO2023210798 A1 WO 2023210798A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- microorganisms
- light
- pores
- magnitude
- bacteria
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
- C12Q1/24—Methods of sampling, or inoculating or spreading a sample; Methods of physically isolating an intact microorganisms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D43/00—Separating particles from liquids, or liquids from solids, otherwise than by sedimentation or filtration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M47/00—Means for after-treatment of the produced biomass or of the fermentation or metabolic products, e.g. storage of biomass
- C12M47/04—Cell isolation or sorting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/2813—Producing thin layers of samples on a substrate, e.g. smearing, spinning-on
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4022—Concentrating samples by thermal techniques; Phase changes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N2001/4038—Concentrating samples electric methods, e.g. electromigration, electrophoresis, ionisation
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a method and system for collecting microorganisms, and more particularly, to a method and system for collecting multiple types of microorganisms suspended in a liquid sample.
- microbiota a microbial flora also called "microbiota.”
- the deep involvement of microbiota in human health is becoming clear through analyzes of the ⁇ microbiome,'' which is the totality of genomic information possessed by microorganisms.
- Microorganisms that contribute to the health of human hosts are also called “probiotics.” Products using probiotics, such as supplements, yogurt, and creams, are widely commercialized.
- Mixed culture is known as a method for preparing multiple types of microorganisms to be analyzed.
- the microorganisms are generally suspended in the liquid sample and the microorganisms are separated from each other, so interactions between the microorganisms are difficult to occur. Therefore, it is possible to immobilize microorganisms at high density, or in other words, to accumulate them. By doing so, interactions between microorganisms become more likely to occur, which can be expected to improve analytical accuracy.
- the microorganism collection device disclosed in International Publication No. 2017/195872 collects a plurality of microorganisms dispersed in a liquid sample.
- the collection device includes a light source and a holding member configured to be able to hold a liquid sample.
- a light-to-heat conversion region is formed in the holding member.
- the photothermal conversion region generates thermal convection in the liquid sample by converting light from the light source into heat to heat the liquid sample. By utilizing this thermal convection, microorganisms can accumulate.
- Patent Document 1 It is also possible to apply the device disclosed in Patent Document 1 to the accumulation of multiple types of microorganisms. However, as the liquid sample is heated, the microorganisms are also heated. Therefore, thermal damage may be applied to the microorganisms and the microorganisms may die. In this case, it may not be possible to suitably analyze interactions between multiple types of microorganisms.
- the present disclosure has been made to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to provide a microorganism accumulation method and an accumulation system suitable for analyzing interactions between multiple types of microorganisms.
- a method for collecting microorganisms collects multiple types of microorganisms contained in a liquid sample.
- the method for accumulating microorganisms includes first to fourth steps.
- the first step is to prepare a substrate provided with a plurality of pores. Each of the plurality of pores has an opening capable of trapping at least one of a plurality of types of microorganisms, and a depth extending in a direction including a vertically downward component.
- the second step is to introduce a liquid sample onto the substrate.
- the third step is a step of setting irradiation conditions for non-resonant light, which is light outside the wavelength range of electronic resonance of a plurality of types of microorganisms.
- the fourth step is to irradiate a plurality of pores through the liquid sample with non-resonant light according to irradiation conditions.
- the region of the plurality of pores that is irradiated with non-resonant light does not contain a photothermal conversion material that converts non-resonant light into heat.
- the setting step is such that the magnitude of the vertically downward component of the photo-induced force due to non-resonant light irradiation on multiple types of microorganisms is greater than the magnitude of the vertically upward component of the buoyant force due to the liquid sample, and
- the method includes the step of setting the intensity of the non-resonant light in the irradiation range of the non-resonant light so that it is larger than the vertical upward component of the force due to the Brownian motion of the molecules of the non-resonant light.
- a microorganism collection system collects multiple types of microorganisms contained in a liquid sample.
- the microorganism enrichment system includes a substrate provided with a plurality of pores. Each of the plurality of pores has an opening capable of trapping at least one of a plurality of types of microorganisms, and a depth extending in a direction including a vertically downward component.
- the integrated system further includes a light source that irradiates the plurality of pores with non-resonant light, which is light outside the wavelength range of electronic resonance of the plurality of types of microorganisms, through the liquid sample while the liquid sample is placed on the substrate; and a control device that controls the light source.
- the region of the plurality of pores that is irradiated with non-resonant light does not contain a photothermal conversion material that converts non-resonant light into heat.
- the control device is configured to control multiple types of microorganisms so that the magnitude of the vertically downward component of the photo-induced force due to irradiation with non-resonant light is larger than the magnitude of the vertically upward component of the buoyant force due to the liquid sample, and
- the intensity of the non-resonant light in the irradiation range of the non-resonant light is set so that it is larger than the vertically upward component of the force due to the Brownian motion of molecules.
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a microorganism accumulation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the integrated kit.
- FIG. 3A is a top view of the integrated kit.
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the integrated kit along line IIIB-IIIB in FIG. 3A.
- FIG. 2 is an image diagram showing the accumulation of multiple types of microorganisms.
- 3 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of the method for manufacturing an integrated kit according to the present embodiment.
- 6A to 6E are schematic process diagrams (FIGS. 1 to 5) of the method for manufacturing an integrated kit according to the present embodiment. It is a SEM image showing an example of a mold.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a top view of the integrated substrate.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a top view of the integrated substrate.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional image of an integrated substrate.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the photo-induced force that acts on microorganisms due to laser light irradiation from a laser light source.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the accumulation mechanism of multiple types of microorganisms in the present embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the processing procedure of microorganism accumulation processing.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between optical pressure and spot diameter. It is a SYTO9 image showing the results of microbial accumulation at different spot diameters. 15 is a diagram showing the relationship between the spot diameter and the area of the region where fluorescence is observed in the fluorescence image of FIG. 14.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between the spot diameter and the area of the region where fluorescence is observed in the fluorescence image of FIG. 14.
- SYTO9 image showing the results of microbial accumulation at different light irradiation times.
- This is a PI image showing the results of microbial accumulation after 60 minutes of light irradiation. It is a figure showing the relationship between light irradiation time, survival rate, and fluorescence area.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between laser output, survival rate, and integration density.
- This is a fluorescence observation image showing the result of bacterial accumulation in a high concentration sample.
- This is a fluorescence observation image showing the result of bacterial accumulation in a low concentration sample.
- FIG. 3 is an overall configuration diagram of a microorganism accumulation system according to a modification of the embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a mold for forming a microchannel substrate.
- 28 is a diagram showing a microchannel substrate manufactured using the mold shown in FIG. 27.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of an integrated substrate. This is an image of an integrated kit that was actually produced. It is a figure for explaining the accumulation mechanism of multiple types of microorganisms in a modified example.
- the term “from submicrometer order to micrometer order” preferably means a range of several hundred nm to several hundred ⁇ m, and more preferably a range of 1 ⁇ m to several tens of ⁇ m.
- microorganism means an organism having a size ranging from submicrometer order to micrometer order.
- the shape of the microorganism is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, spherical, oval, or rod-shaped.
- the microorganism is ellipsoidal, at least one of the length in the major axis direction and the length in the minor axis direction of the elliptical sphere may be in the range from submicrometer order to micrometer order.
- the microorganism is rod-shaped, at least one of the width and length of the rod may be in the range from submicrometer order to micrometer order.
- All single-celled organisms are microorganisms. Some multicellular organisms are also microorganisms. More specifically, living organisms are classified into bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes. Most bacteria and archaea are unicellular organisms and are therefore microorganisms. Multicellular species of bacteria and archaea are also microorganisms. Most eukaryotes also exhibit unicellularity and are therefore microorganisms. Microorganisms may also include cells such as humans.
- light-induced force is a general term for dissipative force, gradient force, and intermaterial light-induced force.
- Dissipative force is a force generated when light momentum is imparted to a substance during a dissipative process such as light scattering or light absorption.
- Gradient force is a force that moves a material with photoinduced polarization to a stable point of electromagnetic potential when it is placed in a nonuniform electromagnetic field.
- the optically induced force between substances is the sum of the force due to the longitudinal electric field and the force due to the transverse electric field (radiation field) generated from induced polarization in a plurality of optically excited substances.
- visible light means light in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm.
- white light means light in a wavelength range ranging from ultraviolet to near-infrared regions (for example, a wavelength range of 200 nm to 1100 nm).
- resonant light refers to light that causes large photo-induced polarization in microorganisms upon incidence on the microorganisms.
- Photo-induced polarization is electric polarization that occurs when electrons inside a substance are excited by light.
- the resonant light has a wavelength within the wavelength range of electronic resonance of the microorganism.
- non-resonant light means light that causes small photo-induced polarization in microorganisms when it is incident on the microorganisms.
- Non-resonant light has a wavelength outside the electronic resonance wavelength range of the microorganism.
- chemotaxis refers to the property of a microorganism to exhibit a directional response to a concentration gradient of a specific chemical substance present in its surroundings. Microorganisms with chemotaxis respond by moving toward desirable chemicals and away from undesirable chemicals.
- the x and y directions represent horizontal directions.
- the x direction and the y direction are orthogonal to each other.
- the z direction represents the vertical direction.
- the direction of gravity is downward in the z direction.
- the upward direction in the z direction (vertically upward) is abbreviated as “upward” or “upward”
- the downward direction in the z direction is abbreviated as "downward” or “downward”.
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a microorganism accumulation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the integrated system 100 includes an integrated kit 1, an XYZ axis stage 2, an adjustment mechanism 3, a laser light source 4, a dichroic mirror 5, an objective lens 6, an illumination light source 7, a camera 8, and a human-machine interface. (HMI: Human Machine Interface) 9 and a controller 10.
- HMI Human Machine Interface
- the collection kit 1 holds the sample.
- a sample is a liquid sample containing multiple types of microorganisms to be collected.
- the type of liquid is not particularly limited, but in this example, it is sterile water. Examples of the configuration of the integrated kit 1 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 to 9.
- the XYZ axis stage 2 holds the integrated kit 1.
- the XYZ-axis stage 2 is provided with a through hole (not shown) for transmitting white light (described later).
- a plurality of integrated kits may be prepared. In that case, a plurality of accumulation kits 1 are placed in order on the XYZ-axis stage 2, and an accumulation process (see FIG. 12), which will be described later, is performed for each accumulation kit 1.
- the adjustment mechanism 3 is a drive mechanism such as a servo motor or a focusing handle.
- the adjustment mechanism 3 adjusts the horizontal position and vertical height of the XYZ-axis stage 2 according to commands from the controller 10. Thereby, the relative positional relationship between the integrated kit 1 and the objective lens 6 can be adjusted.
- the laser light source 4 emits continuous wave (CW) laser light (indicated by L1) according to a command from the controller 10.
- the output of the laser light (unit: W) can also be adjusted by commands from the controller 10.
- the wavelength of the laser light is outside the wavelength range of electronic resonance of microorganisms. In this embodiment, the wavelength of the laser light is in the near-infrared region (specifically, 1064 nm).
- Laser light emitted from the laser light source 4 is directed toward the dichroic mirror 5.
- the dichroic mirror 5 is arranged between the laser light source 4 and the objective lens 6 and between the objective lens 6 and the camera 8.
- the dichroic mirror 5 is configured to transmit visible light and reflect infrared light. Therefore, the near-infrared laser light is reflected by the dichroic mirror 5.
- the objective lens 6 focuses the laser beam reflected by the dichroic mirror 5.
- the laser beam focused by the objective lens 6 is irradiated onto the integrated kit 1.
- the illumination light source 7 is an artificial light source such as a halogen lamp, a mercury lamp, an LED (Light Emitting Diode), or a fluorescent lamp.
- the illumination light source 7 emits white light (indicated by L2) for photographing the sample on the integrated kit 1 according to a command from the controller 10.
- the white light is irradiated onto the integrated kit 1 through a through hole provided in the XYZ-axis stage 2, and is transmitted through the integrated kit 1.
- the white light that has passed through the integrated kit 1 heads to the dichroic mirror 5 via the objective lens 6.
- White light which is visible light, passes through the dichroic mirror 5 and is captured by the camera 8.
- the camera 8 includes an image sensor such as a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) image sensor or a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) image sensor.
- the camera 8 photographs the sample on the integrated kit 1 according to a command from the controller 10, and outputs a signal indicating the photographed image to the controller 10.
- the image photographed by the camera 8 may be a still image or a moving image.
- the HMI 9 includes, for example, input devices such as a switch, mouse, keyboard, and touch panel, and output devices such as a lamp, display, and speaker (none of which are shown).
- the HMI 9 receives a user's operation and outputs a signal indicating the user's operation to the controller 10.
- the user here is a person in charge of handling microorganisms, such as a developer, researcher, student, technician, or operator.
- the controller 10 includes a processor 101 such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a memory 102 such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) and a RAM (Random Access Memory), and an input/output port 103 through which various signals are input and output.
- the controller 10 controls each device (adjustment mechanism 3, laser light source 4, illumination light source 7, camera 8) within the integrated system 100. Further, the controller 10 is also capable of image analysis (fluorescence image analysis in the embodiment described later) for images taken by the camera 8.
- the optical system shown in FIG. 1 is an example.
- the optical system of the integrated system 100 may include other optical components (mirrors, half mirrors, beam splitters, filters, optical fibers, etc.) instead of or in addition to the dichroic mirror 5.
- the optical system shown in FIG. 1 is configured such that white light from an illumination light source 7 is irradiated onto the sample from below to above, and an upper camera 8 photographs the sample below.
- the optical system of the integrated system 100 may be configured such that the white light from the illumination light source 7 is irradiated onto the sample from below to above, and the lower camera 8 photographs the upper sample.
- the laser light source 4 corresponds to a "light source” according to the present disclosure.
- the laser light emitted from the laser light source 4 corresponds to "non-resonant light” according to the present disclosure.
- the controller 10 corresponds to a “control device” according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the integrated kit 1.
- FIG. 3A is a top view of the integrated kit 1.
- FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the integrated kit 1 taken along line IIIB-IIIB in FIG. 3A.
- the integrated kit 1 includes a base material 11, a holding frame 12, an integrated substrate 13, and a cover glass 14.
- the base material 11 is provided to ensure the mechanical strength of the integrated kit 1. Furthermore, the base material 11 is configured to transmit white light from the illumination light source 7. Specifically, the base material 11 is, for example, a glass substrate (slide glass). The base material 11 may be a silicone substrate, a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film, or the like. Although the shape of the base material 11 is not particularly limited, in this example, it is a planar shape (rectangular parallelepiped shape).
- the holding frame 12 holds a sample (indicated by SP).
- the holding frame 12 is provided with a cylindrical through hole 121.
- the through hole 121 functions as a "liquid reservoir" that stores a certain amount of sample.
- the integrated substrate 13 is placed within the through hole 121 of the holding frame 12.
- the accumulation substrate 13 is configured to accumulate a plurality of types of microorganisms upon irradiation with laser light. The manufacturing method and detailed structure of the integrated substrate 13 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 5 to 9.
- the cover glass 14 covers the sample held in the through hole 121 of the holding frame 12 from above. As shown in FIG. 3B, it is desirable to fill the through hole 121 with the sample and seal the sample with the cover glass 14. The reason for this will be explained later.
- FIG. 4 is an image diagram showing the accumulation of multiple types of microorganisms.
- the integrated substrate 13 is provided with a plurality of pores 131 arranged in a honeycomb shape.
- Each of the plurality of pores 131 has an opening capable of trapping at least one of a plurality of types of microorganisms, and a depth extending in a direction including a vertically downward component.
- a plurality of types of microorganisms floating in the sample can be accumulated in the pores 131 of the accumulation substrate 13. This integration mechanism will also be explained with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11.
- microorganisms are schematically illustrated in the samples of FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 4. However, the types of microorganisms are not limited to three types, but may be two or more types. Additionally, in reality, typical microorganisms are so small that they cannot be observed with the naked eye.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure of the method for manufacturing the integrated kit 1 according to the present embodiment.
- 6A to 6E are schematic process diagrams of a method for manufacturing the integrated kit 1 according to the present embodiment. Hereinafter, step will be abbreviated as "S”.
- a mold 901 for manufacturing integrated substrate 13 is prepared (see FIG. 6A).
- the mold 901 can be manufactured by processing silicon using techniques such as electron beam lithography or dry etching.
- FIG. 7 is a SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) image showing an example of the mold 901.
- the mold 901 has, for example, a plurality of cylindrical protrusions arranged in a honeycomb shape.
- the diameter and height of the protrusion can be set to arbitrary values. In this example, the diameter of the protrusion was 14.0 ⁇ m, and the height of the protrusion was 12.1 ⁇ m.
- polydimethylsiloxane which is a liquid silicone rubber, is used as the material for the integrated substrate 13.
- a liquid mixture 902 of a PDMS prepolymer (PDMS before curing) and a curing agent is poured into a mold 901 (see FIG. 6B).
- the PDMS is cured by baking the degassed mixture 902 of the PDMS prepolymer and curing agent under predetermined conditions (see FIG. 6C).
- the hardened liquid mixture 902 is peeled off from the mold 901, thereby completing the integrated substrate 13 (see FIG. 6D).
- the integrated substrate 13 is placed within the holding frame 12 (see FIG. 6E). As a result, the collection kit 1 before sample introduction is completed, and a series of processes are completed.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a top view of the integrated substrate 13.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional image of the integrated substrate 13.
- the integrated substrate 13 is provided with a plurality of cylindrical pores 131 arranged in a honeycomb shape.
- the diameter of the pores 131 was 14 ⁇ m, and the depth of the pores was 13 ⁇ m.
- ⁇ Accumulation mechanism> Next, the accumulation mechanism of multiple types of microorganisms in this embodiment will be explained.
- three types of bacteria were used as microorganisms to be collected, specifically, lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus casei), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus.
- Lactic acid bacteria are rod bacteria.
- the length of the long axis (major axis) of a typical lactic acid bacterium is about 1 to 3 ⁇ m.
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a rod fungus.
- the typical long axis length of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is about 0.7 to 2 ⁇ m.
- Staphylococcus aureus is a coccus.
- the diameter of a typical Staphylococcus aureus is on the order of 0.8-1 ⁇ m.
- Lactic acid bacteria and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are chemotactic. On the other hand, Staphylococcus aureus does not have chemotaxis.
- intestinal bacteria are classified into good bacteria, bad bacteria, and opportunistic bacteria.
- Lactic acid bacteria are good bacteria.
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bad bacteria.
- Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic bacterium.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the photo-induced force that acts on bacteria due to laser light irradiation from the laser light source 4.
- FIG. 10 exemplifies Pseudomonas aeruginosa (indicated by B), which has flagella and has strong chemotaxis (active motility).
- the light-induced force includes an inter-material light-induced force, a gradient force, and a dissipation force.
- the intermaterial photoinduced force and gradient force act particularly strongly on bacteria. This attracts bacteria in the direction of the beam waist. Moving away from the vicinity of the beam waist, the dissipative force becomes more prominent as a light-induced force acting on the bacteria.
- the direction in which the dissipation force acts is the same direction as the laser beam irradiation direction. In this example, since the laser light is irradiated from above to below, a dissipation force from above to below acts on the bacteria.
- the dissipation force includes a component due to light absorption (absorption force) and a component due to light scattering (scattering force).
- the scattering power is proportional to the scattering cross section of the target object and the laser intensity.
- non-resonant light laser light with a wavelength located outside the wavelength range of electronic resonance of a plurality of types of bacteria
- the absorption force included in the dissipation force is negligibly small. Therefore, the dissipative force may be referred to as the scattering force.
- each bacterium is approximately several ⁇ m. This is comparable to the wavelength of laser light, which is 1064 nm. Therefore, when bacteria are irradiated with laser light, Mie scattering occurs, and the scattering power is enhanced even under conditions that avoid the light absorption region by bacteria (electronically non-resonant conditions). More specifically, buoyant force acts upward on each bacterium in the liquid sample, and force due to Brownian motion (collision) of molecules in the sample acts on each bacterium. A downward scattering force that is larger than the size of the upward component of the force due to Brownian motion and larger than the size of the upward component of the force due to Brownian motion can be applied to each bacterium.
- the magnitude of the downward component of the scattering force is larger than the sum of the buoyant force (the magnitude of the upward component) and the magnitude of the upward component of the force due to Brownian motion. This makes it possible to forcefully push each bacterium toward the pores.
- the dissipation force or scattering force due to laser beam irradiation will also be referred to as "light pressure.”
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the accumulation mechanism of multiple types of bacteria in this embodiment.
- the chemotactic bacteria themselves can generate a propulsive force moving upward from below, as shown in FIG. 11.
- the optical pressure acting downwardly on bacteria due to laser light irradiation is set to be greater than the upward propulsive force due to chemotaxis of bacteria.
- the magnitude of the downward component of light pressure is greater than the buoyancy force (upward component), greater than the magnitude of the upward component of force due to Brownian motion, and the magnitude of the upward component of propulsive force due to chemotaxis. It's bigger than that. More preferably, the magnitude of the downward component of the optical pressure is greater than the sum of the magnitude of the upward component of buoyancy, the magnitude of the upward component of force due to Brownian motion, and the magnitude of the upward component of propulsive force due to chemotaxis. .
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing the processing procedure for bacteria accumulation processing.
- the processing shown in this flowchart is executed when a predetermined condition is satisfied (for example, when the user operates a start button (not shown) on the HMI 9).
- a predetermined condition for example, when the user operates a start button (not shown) on the HMI 9.
- Each step is basically realized by software processing by the controller 10 (processor 101), but part or all of it may be realized by hardware (electrical circuit) disposed within the controller 10.
- the controller 10 installs the integrated kit 1 on the XYZ axis stage 2.
- This process can be realized, for example, by a feeding mechanism (not shown) of the collection kit 1. Instead of automating this process, the user may manually install the collection kit 1.
- the controller 10 introduces a sample containing multiple types of bacteria into the holding frame 12 of the collection kit 1.
- This process can be achieved, for example, by a dispenser (not shown) capable of injecting the sample.
- a user may manually introduce the sample into the collection kit 1.
- the controller 10 seals the introduced sample with the cover glass 14. This process can also be automated using a feeding mechanism, but the cover glass 14 may also be placed manually by the user.
- the controller 10 starts photographing the sample in the integrated kit 1. More specifically, the controller 10 controls the illumination light source 7 to start irradiating the integrated kit 1 with white light, and controls the camera 8 to take an image of the integrated kit 1 at the laser spot. .
- the controller 10 performs horizontal position adjustment using the adjustment mechanism 3 so that the laser beam irradiation position (laser spot position) is on the integrated substrate 13.
- the controller 10 can adjust the position of the laser spot on the integrated substrate 13 by extracting the integrated substrate 13 from the image taken by the camera 8, for example.
- the controller 10 adjusts the height of the integrated kit 1 in the vertical direction using the adjustment mechanism 3 so that the optical pressure of the laser beam exceeds the propulsive force due to chemotaxis.
- spot diameter The following relationship exists between the optical pressure and the diameter of the laser spot on the upper surface of the integrated substrate 13 (hereinafter abbreviated as "spot diameter").
- FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between optical pressure and spot diameter.
- the height of the integrated kit 1 is adjusted so that the laser spot is located below the upper surface of the integrated substrate 13.
- the distance between the laser spot and the top surface of the integrated substrate 13 is written as D.
- the spot diameter becomes larger.
- the output per unit area of the laser beam at the laser spot that is, the laser intensity (unit: W/m 2 ) decreases, and the optical pressure also decreases. become weak. In this way, there is a negative correlation between optical pressure and spot diameter.
- the relationship between the distance D, the spot diameter, and the optical pressure per unit area can be calculated in advance. Thereby, by adjusting the vertical height of the integrated kit 1 (adjusting the distance D), the optical pressure can be set to a desired value that overcomes the propulsive force due to chemotaxis of bacteria.
- the controller 10 sets the length of time (specified time) for irradiating the laser beam.
- the controller 10 receives, for example, a user operation for setting a specified time from the HMI 9.
- the prescribed time may be automatically set according to the optical pressure (spot diameter and/or vertical height of the integrated kit 1). The longer the optical pressure is, the shorter the prescribed time tends to be.
- the controller 10 may have a map showing the relationship between the optical pressure and the specified time. The controller 10 can set the prescribed time corresponding to the optical pressure set in S206 by referring to the map.
- the controller 10 controls the laser light source 4 to start (or continue) irradiating the integrated kit 1 with laser light. During irradiation with laser light, a plurality of types of bacteria are accumulated in the pores 131 according to the mechanism explained in FIGS. 10 and 11.
- the controller 10 determines whether the elapsed time from the start of laser light irradiation has reached a specified time. If the elapsed time has not reached the specified time (NO in S209), the controller 10 returns the process to S208. Thereby, laser light irradiation is continued. When the elapsed time reaches the specified time (YES in S209), the controller 10 advances the process to S210 and controls the laser light source 4 to stop the laser light irradiation. Furthermore, the controller 10 finishes photographing the sample in the integrated kit 1 (S211). That is, the controller 10 stops the irradiation of white light from the illumination light source 7, and also stops the operation of the camera 8.
- the controller 10 analyzes the photographed image of the sample (in the example described later, a fluorescence image).
- the controller 10 can, for example, calculate the area where bacteria accumulate or calculate the survival rate of the accumulated bacteria. This completes the series of processing.
- the integrated substrate 13 is not provided with a light-to-heat conversion material corresponding to the gold thin film of Patent Document 1.
- bacteria are accumulated by an optical method in which bacteria are forced into pores using optical pressure set to a sufficiently large value to overcome the propulsive force due to chemotaxis. Therefore, according to this embodiment, a plurality of types of bacteria can be accumulated while suppressing thermal damage.
- Patent Document 1 Laser output and spot diameter ⁇
- laser light is focused so as to be able to irradiate partition walls separating pores of a honeycomb polymer membrane (see FIGS. 12 and 21 and paragraph [0103] of Patent Document 1). This is because it is advantageous to focus the laser beam as much as possible from the viewpoint of creating a large temperature gradient in the liquid sample. Another reason is that thermal damage to bacteria can be reduced by limiting the area where heat is generated due to laser light irradiation (and the area where the generated heat is transmitted to the surrounding area). To give specific numerical values, the laser beam is focused so that the spot diameter is approximately several ⁇ m. Further, Patent Document 1 describes that the laser output from the laser light source is set to 40 mW. In Patent Document 1, the laser output after passing through the objective lens (100x magnification, oil immersion) is calculated to be approximately 8 mW, which is approximately 20% of the laser output before passing through the objective lens (paragraph of Patent Document 1). [0081]).
- the bacteria accumulation mechanism in this embodiment is to force the bacteria into the pores by applying the optical pressure of the laser beam directly to the bacteria.
- the spot diameter is set within the range of 62.6 to 152.6 ⁇ m.
- the output of the laser light from the laser light source 4 is set to 800 mW.
- the laser output after passing through the objective lens (40x magnification, dry) is calculated to be about 320 mW, which is about 40% of the laser output before passing through the objective lens. This output value is so high that a person skilled in the art would not be able to imagine irradiating microorganisms according to conventional technical common sense.
- the irradiation area of the laser beam is two orders of magnitude larger, and the laser light output (unit: W) is one to two orders of magnitude (approximately 40 times) larger. That is, in this embodiment, a wide range is irradiated with a laser beam of high intensity (unit: W/m 2 ). As a result, a strong optical pressure capable of overcoming the propulsive force due to chemotaxis of bacteria is applied over a wide range. Therefore, it becomes possible to accumulate a large amount of bacteria with high efficiency.
- Pore size In the collection kit described in Patent Document 1, the diameter of the pore was about 5.0 ⁇ m, and the depth of the pore was about 3.0 ⁇ m (see FIG. 5 and paragraph [0051] of Patent Document 1). .
- the long axis length of lactic acid bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus ranges from about 0.7 to 3 ⁇ m. For example, when the long axis length is 3 ⁇ m, only a few bacteria (at most 2 or 3) are captured in each pore provided in the collection kit described in Patent Document 1.
- the diameter of the pores 131 was 14 ⁇ m, and the depth of the pores 131 was 13 ⁇ m. That is, the pores 131 provided in the integrated substrate 13 in this embodiment are significantly larger than the pores provided in the collection kit of Patent Document 1. Specifically, the opening area of the pores 131 is 7.8 times larger. The depth of the pores 131 is 4.3 times as deep. The volume of pore 131 is 34 times larger. In this way, by setting the size of each pore sufficiently large (setting it to a size that can capture or contain at least one of each type of bacteria), multiple types of bacteria can be accumulated in the same pore. . For example, it is possible to accumulate as many as 68 to 102 bacteria with a major axis length of 3 ⁇ m. Therefore, it becomes possible to suitably analyze interactions between multiple types of bacteria.
- a honeycomb polymer membrane is formed by using a plurality of water droplets arranged in a honeycomb shape by self-assembly as a mold (see FIG. 4 of Patent Document 1).
- each pore is approximately spherical due to the spherical shape of water droplets, so adjacent pores communicate with each other on the bottom side of the polymer membrane (see the figure in Patent Document 1). 5 and paragraph [0052]).
- Adjacent pores communicate with each other, forming a "side hole" in the collection kit. Heat convection also flows in the direction in which these horizontal holes extend (in the direction of the horizontal holes). Thermal convection in the direction of the lateral holes serves to prevent bacteria once trapped within the pores from escaping from the pores.
- the present embodiment uses light pressure to accumulate bacteria instead of buoyancy convection. Since the accumulation effect due to light pressure is not as strong as the accumulation effect due to buoyancy convection, Marangoni convection may hinder bacterial accumulation. Therefore, in this embodiment, the through hole 121 is filled with a sample, and the sample is sealed with a cover glass 14 (see FIGS. 3A and 3B). By forming a closed system in which the sample does not come into contact with the surrounding air in this way, it is possible to suppress evaporation of the dispersion medium from the sample surface and to suppress the occurrence of Marangoni convection that can hinder the accumulation of bacteria. Furthermore, by increasing the volume of the dispersion medium, a distance between the sample surface and the laser spot is ensured, so that the influence of Marangoni convection can be reduced.
- FIG. 14 is a SYTO9 image showing the accumulation results of bacteria (both live and dead) at different spot diameters.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the relationship between the spot diameter and the area of the region where fluorescence is observed in the fluorescence image of FIG. 14 (fluorescence area).
- the horizontal axis in FIG. 15 represents the spot diameter.
- the laser output from the laser light source 4 was set to 800 mW.
- the light irradiation time (specified time in FIG. 12) was set to 15 minutes.
- the concentration of bacteria was 10 8 [CFU/mL] (CFU: Colony Forming Unit).
- the spot diameter was 62.6 ⁇ m.
- the spot diameter was 107.6 ⁇ m.
- the spot diameter was 152.6 ⁇ m. As shown in FIG. 15, it was confirmed that as the distance D became longer and the spot diameter became larger accordingly, the area where bacteria accumulated increased.
- FIG. 16 is a SYTO9 image showing the accumulation results of bacteria (both live and dead bacteria) at different light irradiation times.
- FIG. 17 is a PI image showing the accumulation results of bacteria (dead bacteria only) during a light irradiation time of 60 minutes.
- the light irradiation time was set at 15 minute intervals in the range from 15 minutes to 90 minutes.
- the spot diameter was set to 107.6 ⁇ m.
- the laser power was set at 800 mW.
- the concentration of bacteria was 10 8 [CFU/mL].
- the denominator on the right side of equation (1) is the number of bacteria observed in the SYTO9 image.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the relationship between light irradiation time, survival rate, and fluorescent area.
- the horizontal axis represents the light irradiation time.
- the vertical axis on the left represents the bacterial survival rate.
- the vertical axis on the right represents the fluorescent area.
- the fluorescent area increased as the light irradiation time became longer.
- the fluorescent area was saturated. No significant difference was observed in the fluorescent area between the cases where the light irradiation time was 75 minutes and 90 minutes.
- the survival rate monotonically decreased as the light irradiation time increased. However, even if the light irradiation time was 90 minutes, the survival rate remained high, exceeding 70%.
- Patent Document 1 describes that bacteria are accumulated in a short light irradiation time of about 1 minute (see FIG. 12 and paragraph [0074] of Patent Document 1). In contrast, in the present embodiment, a longer light irradiation time of about ten minutes to several tens of minutes may be required. However, according to the present embodiment, bacteria can be accumulated while suppressing thermal damage in exchange for prolonging the light irradiation time.
- FIG. 19 is a SYTO9 image showing bacterial accumulation results at different laser powers.
- the laser output was set in four ways: 200 mW, 400 mW, 600 mW, and 800 mW.
- the spot diameter was set at 62.6 ⁇ m.
- the light irradiation time was set to 15 minutes.
- the concentration of bacteria was 10 8 [CFU/mL]. Bacterial accumulation was observed when the laser output was 400 mW or more.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram showing the relationship between laser output, survival rate, and integration density.
- the horizontal axis represents laser output.
- the left vertical axis represents the bacterial survival rate.
- the vertical axis on the right represents the bacterial accumulation density. It was confirmed that when the laser output was 800 mW, bacteria were successfully accumulated at a high survival rate of over 90% and at a high density of 3.37 ⁇ 10 7 [cells/cm 2 ].
- FIG. 21 is a fluorescence observation image showing the accumulation results of multiple types of bacteria stained in multiple colors. Multicolor staining was performed using Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The spot diameter was set to 107.6 ⁇ m. The laser power was set at 800 mW. The light irradiation time was set to 5 minutes.
- FISH Fluorescence in situ hybridization
- lactic acid bacteria were stained with a probe to which a green fluorescent dye (Alexa Flour (registered trademark) 488) was added.
- the base sequence of the probe was 5'GGTATTAGCAYCTGTTTCCA3'.
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa was stained with a probe to which a yellow fluorescent dye (Alexa Flour 555) was added.
- the base sequence of the probe was 5'TCTGGAAAGTTCTCAGCA3'.
- Staphylococcus aureus was stained with a probe to which a blue fluorescent dye (Alexa Flour 405) was added.
- the base sequence of the probe was 5'GAAGCAAGCTTCTCGTCCGTTC3'.
- FIG. 21 is a black and white image
- fluorescence of the above three colors was observed. This confirmed that the three types of bacteria were successfully accumulated.
- FIG. 22 is a fluorescence observation image showing the result of bacterial accumulation in a high concentration sample.
- FIG. 23 is a fluorescence observation image showing the result of bacterial accumulation in a low concentration sample.
- the SYTO9 image is shown on the left, and the PI image is shown on the right. It was clear that the high-concentration sample had a larger area of bacteria accumulation and a larger amount of bacteria than the low-concentration sample.
- FIG. 24 is an enlarged optical image for observing accumulated bacteria. A high survival rate was expected, as many bacteria trapped within the pores were observed to be moving.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing the bacterial accumulation area and survival rate.
- the horizontal axis represents the light irradiation time.
- the upper vertical axis represents the bacterial accumulation area, and the lower vertical axis represents the bacterial survival rate.
- the rise (increase rate) of the accumulated area was faster in the high-concentration sample than in the low-concentration sample, especially at a light irradiation time of 15 to 30 minutes.
- the accumulated area was wide at the same light irradiation time.
- After 45 minutes of light irradiation a slight decrease in survival rate over time was observed in the low-concentration samples.
- the high-concentration sample there was almost no decrease in survival rate, and the survival rate in the high-concentration sample was close to 100%.
- the following two points can be considered from the results shown in FIGS. 22 to 25.
- the bacterial accumulation range was comparable to that of the laser spot (see Figure 23), whereas in the high-concentration sample, the bacterial accumulation range was significantly wider than that of the laser spot (see Figure 22). ).
- a high survival rate can be achieved by adjusting the sample concentration to a high concentration that allows bacteria to accumulate in a wider area than the laser spot.
- the laser light irradiation conditions are set so that multiple types of bacteria can be optically accumulated without using the photothermal effect of a photothermal conversion material such as a thin gold film.
- the irradiation range of the laser beam is set to include the entire openings of two or more pores (see FIG. 4).
- the laser beam is adjusted so that the dissipative force (light-induced force) acting in the laser beam irradiation direction is larger than the buoyancy force, larger than the force due to Brownian motion, and preferably larger than the propulsive force due to chemotaxis.
- each of the plurality of pores 131 has a depth extending in a direction including only a vertically downward component.
- the integrated substrate 13 may be arranged inclined at a certain angle with respect to the horizontal direction. In other words, the depth of each of the plurality of pores 131 may extend in a direction including a horizontal component in addition to a vertically downward component.
- the laser light from the laser light source 4 is irradiated perpendicularly to (the main surface of) the integrated substrate 13.
- the propagation direction of the laser beam and the depth direction of the plurality of pores 131 coincide.
- the laser light may be irradiated onto the integrated substrate 13 at an angle other than perpendicular (however, excluding parallel).
- the propagation direction of the laser light does not need to completely match the depth direction of the plurality of pores 131, and may include a vertically downward component.
- FIG. 26 is an overall configuration diagram of a microorganism accumulation system according to a modification of the embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the accumulation system 200 differs from the accumulation system 100 according to the embodiment (see FIG. 1) in that it includes an accumulation kit 15 instead of the accumulation kit 1 and further includes a pump 16 and capillary tubes 17 and 18. .
- the other configurations are the same.
- the integrated kit 15 includes a microchannel substrate 15A (see FIG. 28).
- the integrated kit 15 can be produced using a mold similarly to the embodiment. The configuration of the integrated kit 15 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 27 to 30.
- the pump 16 is configured to pump out the sample by the action of pressure, centrifugal force, rotational force, or the like.
- Pump 16 may be, for example, an electric syringe pump, a manual dispenser, or a micropipette.
- the pump 16 is connected to a capillary tube 17 provided upstream of the collection kit 15. After the sample flows through the collection kit 15 via the capillary tube 17, it is discharged from the capillary tube 18 provided on the downstream side of the collection kit 15.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram showing an example of a mold for forming a microchannel substrate.
- Mold 903 is produced using, for example, a 3D printer.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram showing a microchannel substrate produced using the mold 903 shown in FIG. 27.
- the microchannel substrate 15A can be manufactured by pouring a PDMS solution into a mold 903 and heating and curing the PDMS solution.
- the microchannel substrate 15A includes a non-branched channel including one inlet and one outlet.
- the microchannel substrate may include multiple inlets and/or multiple outlets, or may be of a branched type.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing an example of an integrated substrate.
- An integrated substrate 15B as shown in FIG. 29 is bonded to the microchannel substrate 15A.
- the integrated substrate 15B is common to the integrated substrate 13 in the embodiment (see FIGS. 8 and 9).
- FIG. 30 is an image of the integrated kit 15 that was actually produced.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram for explaining the accumulation mechanism of multiple types of microorganisms in a modified example.
- a microorganism is a chemotactic bacterium, in addition to buoyancy, the force due to Brownian motion, and the propulsive force of the bacterium itself, a drag force from the fluid (pressure-driven flow) acts on the bacterium. do.
- the optical pressure that acts downward on the bacteria due to laser light irradiation is set to be larger than the upward component of the drag force.
- the downward component of the light pressure is larger than the buoyant force (upward component), larger than the upward component of the force due to Brownian motion, larger than the upward component of the propulsive force due to chemotaxis, and the drag force is larger than the upward component of.
- the downward component of the optical pressure is greater than the sum of the upward component of buoyancy, the upward component of force due to Brownian motion, the upward component of propulsive force due to chemotaxis, and the upward component of drag.
- active bacteria for example, bacteria with active cell division
- the accumulation kit 15 by using the microchannel, active bacteria (for example, bacteria with active cell division) are constantly supplied to the accumulation kit 15. According to this modification, even if the sample has a low concentration, active bacteria can be accumulated with high efficiency. Furthermore, similar to the embodiment, a high survival rate can be achieved.
- a microorganism accumulation method that accumulates multiple types of microorganisms contained in a liquid sample, the method comprising: the step of preparing a substrate provided with a plurality of pores, each of the plurality of pores having an opening capable of trapping at least one of each of the plurality of types of microorganisms, and a direction including a vertically downward component; and a depth extending to introducing the liquid sample onto the substrate; setting irradiation conditions for non-resonant light that is light outside the electronic resonance wavelength range of the plurality of types of microorganisms; irradiating the plurality of pores through the liquid sample with the non-resonant light according to the irradiation conditions, A region of the plurality of pores that is irradiated with the non-resonant light does not include a photothermal conversion material that converts the non-resonant light into heat,
- the step of setting is such that, for the plurality of types of microorganisms, the magnitude of the vertically downward component of the light-induced force is the same as the magnitude of the vertically upward component of the buoyant force and the magnitude of the vertically upward component of the force due to Brownian motion.
- the plurality of types of microorganisms include microorganisms having chemotaxis,
- the step of setting is such that for the chemotactic microorganism, the magnitude of the vertically downward component of the light-induced force is larger than the magnitude of the vertically upwardly directed component of the propulsive force due to chemotaxis.
- the step of setting is such that, for the chemotactic microorganism, the magnitude of the vertically downward component of the light-induced force is equal to the magnitude of the vertically upwardly directed component of the buoyant force and the vertically upwardly directed component of the force due to Brownian motion.
- the method for accumulating microorganisms according to appendix 3, comprising the step of setting the intensity in the irradiation range so as to be larger than the sum of the size and the size of the vertically upward component of the propulsive force due to chemotaxis.
- the step of introducing is a step of flowing the liquid sample over the substrate
- the setting step includes adjusting the irradiation range so that the magnitude of the vertically downward component of the light-induced force is larger than the magnitude of the vertically upward component of the drag force due to the liquid sample with respect to the plurality of types of microorganisms.
- the method for accumulating microorganisms according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the step of setting the intensity in .
- the vertically downward component of the light-induced force is equal to the magnitude of the vertically upward component of the buoyant force, the magnitude of the vertically upward component of the force due to Brownian motion, and the liquid 7.
- the method for accumulating microorganisms according to claim 6, comprising the step of setting the intensity in the irradiation range to be larger than the sum of the magnitude of the vertically upward component of the drag force of the sample.
- the setting step further includes the step of setting the irradiation range so as to include the entire opening of two or more of the plurality of pores. How to accumulate microorganisms.
- Appendix 10 The method for accumulating microorganisms according to any one of appendix 9, wherein the step of introducing includes the step of forming a closed system in which the liquid sample does not come into contact with the gas surrounding the liquid sample.
- step of introducing includes the step of adjusting the concentration of the plurality of types of microorganisms in the liquid sample to a high concentration such that the plurality of types of microorganisms are accumulated in a wider range than the irradiation range.
- the method for accumulating microorganisms according to any one of the items.
- a microorganism accumulation system that accumulates multiple types of microorganisms contained in a liquid sample, a substrate provided with a plurality of pores, each of the plurality of pores having an opening capable of trapping at least one of the plurality of types of microorganisms for each type, and a depth extending in a direction including a vertically downward component; has, and furthermore, a light source that irradiates non-resonant light, which is light outside the wavelength range of electronic resonance of the plurality of types of microorganisms, toward the plurality of pores through the liquid sample in a state where the liquid sample is placed on the substrate; and a control device that controls the light source, A region of the plurality of pores that is irradiated with the non-resonant light does not include a photothermal conversion material that converts the non-resonant light into heat,
- the control device is configured such that, for the plurality of types of microorganisms, a vertically downward component of a photo-induced force
- 1 Integration kit 11 Base material, 12 Holding frame, 121 Through hole, 13 Integration substrate, 131 Pore, 14 Cover glass, 15 Integration kit, 15A Microchannel substrate, 15B Integration substrate, 16 Pump, 17, 18 Capillary, 2 XYZ axis stage, 3 Adjustment mechanism, 4 Laser light source, 5 Dichroic mirror, 6 Objective lens, 7 Illumination light source, 8 Camera, 9 HMI, 10 Controller, 101 Processor, 102 Memory, 103 Input/output port, 100,200 integrated system , 901 Mold, 902 Mixed liquid, 903 Mold.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本開示およびその実施の形態において、「サブマイクロメートルオーダー」は、100nm(=0.1μm)から1000nm(=1μm)までの範囲を含む。「マイクロメートルオーダー」は、1μmから1000μm(=1mm)までの範囲を含む。したがって、「サブマイクロメートルオーダーからマイクロメートルオーダーまで」は、0.1μmから1000μmまでの範囲を含む。「サブマイクロメートルオーダーからマイクロメートルオーダーまで」との用語は、好ましくは数百nm~数百μmの範囲を意味し、より好ましくは1μm~数十μmの範囲を意味し得る。
以下、本開示の実施の形態について図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。図中、同一または相当部分には同一符号を付して、その説明は繰り返さない。x方向およびy方向は水平方向を表す。x方向とy方向とは互いに直交する。z方向は鉛直方向を表す。重力の向きはz方向下方である。z方向上方(鉛直上向き)を「上方」または「上向き」と略し、z方向下方(鉛直下向き)を「下方」または「下向き」と略す。
図1は、本開示の実施の形態に係る微生物の集積システムの全体構成図である。集積システム100は、集積キット1と、XYZ軸ステージ2と、調整機構3と、レーザ光源4と、ダイクロイックミラー5と、対物レンズ6と、照明光源7と、カメラ8と、ヒューマン・マシン・インターフェース(HMI:Human Machine Interface)9と、コントローラ10とを備える。
図2は、集積キット1の分解斜視図である。図3Aは、集積キット1の上面図である。図3Bは、図3AのIIIB-IIIB線に沿う集積キット1の断面図である。図2~図3Bを参照して、集積キット1は、基材11と、保持枠12と、集積基板13と、カバーガラス14とを含む。
図5は、本実施の形態に係る集積キット1の製造方法の処理手順を示すフローチャートである。図6A~図6Eは、本実施の形態に係る集積キット1の製造方法の概略工程図である。以下、ステップを「S」と略す。
続いて、本実施の形態における複数種類の微生物の集積メカニズムについて説明する。後述する各実施例では、集積対象の微生物として3種類の細菌、具体的には乳酸菌(Lactobacillus casei)と、緑膿菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)と、黄色ブドウ球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)とを用いた。
図12は、細菌の集積処理の処理手順を示すフローチャートである。このフローチャートに示される処理は、所定条件の成立時(たとえばユーザがHMI9の開始ボタン(図示せず)を操作したとき)に実行される。各ステップは、基本的にはコントローラ10(プロセッサ101)によるソフトウェア処理によって実現されるが、その一部または全部がコントローラ10内に配置されたハードウェア(電気回路)によって実現されてもよい。
本実施の形態における複数種類の細菌の集積メカニズムの特徴について、特許文献1に記載のメカニズムと対比しながら詳細に説明する。
特許文献1に記載された捕集キットでは、金薄膜がハニカム高分子膜上に形成されている。金薄膜にレーザ光を照射すると、金薄膜により光エネルギーが熱エネルギーに変換されてレーザ光の照射位置(レーザスポット)が局所的に加熱される(光発熱効果)。そうすると、レーザスポットに近いほど液体試料の温度が高くなる温度勾配に生じ、熱対流が発生する。この熱対流により細菌がレーザスポットに向けて運ばれることによって、細菌がレーザスポット近傍に集積される(特許文献1の段落[0064]~[0072]参照)。しかしながら、液体試料の加熱に伴って細菌も加熱される。そのため、熱的なダメージが細菌に与えられ、細菌が死滅する可能性がある。
特許文献1では、ハニカム高分子膜の細孔間を隔てる隔壁に照射可能なようにレーザ光が集光される(特許文献1の図12、図21および段落[0103]参照)。これは、液体試料中に大きな温度勾配を作り出す観点からはレーザ光を極力集光する方が有利だからである。また、レーザ光の照射に伴って熱が発生する領域(および発生した熱が周囲に伝わる領域)を制限することで細菌への熱的なダメージを低減できることも理由である。具体的な数値を挙げると、レーザ光は、スポット径が数μm程度になるように集光される。また、特許文献1には、レーザ光源からのレーザ出力が40mWに設定されたことが記載されている。特許文献1において対物レンズ(倍率100×、油浸)を通過した後のレーザ出力は、対物レンズを通過する前のレーザ出力の約20%である約8mWと算出される(特許文献1の段落[0081]参照)。
特許文献1に記載の捕集キットにおいて、細孔の直径は約5.0μmであり、細孔の深さは約3.0μmであった(特許文献1の図5および段落[0051]参照)。前述のように、乳酸菌、緑膿菌および黄色ブドウ球菌の長軸長さは約0.7~3μmの範囲である。たとえば長軸長さが3μmである場合、特許文献1に記載の捕集キットに設けられた各細孔には数個(高々2、3個)の細菌しか捕捉されない。
特許文献1に記載の捕集キットでは、自己組織化によりハニカム状に配列した複数の水滴をモールドとすることでハニカム高分子膜が形成される(特許文献1の図4参照)。ハニカム高分子膜では、水滴が球形であることに起因して各細孔が略球形になるため、隣接する細孔同士が高分子膜の底面側で互いに連通している(特許文献1の図5および段落[0052]参照)。隣接する細孔同士が連通することで、捕集キットには「横穴」が形成されている。これら横穴が延びる方向(横穴方向)にも熱対流が流れる。横穴方向の熱対流は、細孔内に一旦捕捉された細菌が細孔から脱出することを防止する役割を果たす。
特許文献1に記載の捕集キットでは、捕集キット上に保持された液滴状のサンプルが上方の空間に向けて開放されている(特許文献1の図3参照)。サンプルの分散媒が液滴表面から蒸発するのに伴い、サンプル内にマランゴニ対流が発生し得る。一方で、特許文献1では、レーザ光の照射に伴う浮力対流が細菌の集積に積極的に利用される。浮力対流の集積作用は強力であるため、浮力対流に加えてマランゴニ対流が発生しても細菌の集積の大きな妨げにはならない。
3種類の細菌(乳酸菌、緑膿菌および黄色ブドウ球菌)を含むサンプルにおける集積処理の結果について説明する。全ての細菌を蛍光染色した。蛍光色素としてはSYTO9(登録商標)またはPI(Propidium Iodide)を用いた。SYTO9は、生存している細菌(生菌)と死滅した細菌(死菌)との両方を染色する。SYTO9を外部から励起すると、緑色の蛍光を発する。SYTO9の励起波長による蛍光観察像を「SYTO9画像」と記載する。一方、PIは、死菌のみを染色する。PIを外部から励起すると、赤色の蛍光を発する。PIの励起波長による蛍光観察像を「PI画像」も記載する。
図14は、異なるスポット径における細菌(生菌および死菌の両方)の集積結果を示すSYTO9画像である。図15は、スポット径と、図14の蛍光像において蛍光が観察された領域の面積(蛍光面積)との間の関係を示す図である。図15の横軸はスポット径を表す。縦軸は、蛍光面積(=細菌の集積面積)を表す。レーザ光源4からのレーザ出力を800mWに設定した。光照射時間(図12の規定時間)を15分間に設定した。細菌の濃度は108[CFU/mL]であった(CFU:Colony Forming Unit)。
図16は、異なる光照射時間における細菌(生菌および死菌の両方)の集積結果を示すSYTO9画像である。図17は、光照射時間60分間における細菌(死菌のみ)の集積結果を示すPI画像である。光照射時間としては、15分間から90分間までの範囲で15分間隔に設定した。スポット径を107.6μmに設定した。レーザ出力を800mWに設定した。細菌の濃度は108[CFU/mL]であった。
生存率=生菌数/(生菌数+死菌数)×100 ・・・(1)
図19は、異なるレーザ出力における細菌の集積結果を示すSYTO9画像である。レーザ出力を200mW、400mW、600mW、800mWの4通りに設定した。スポット径を62.6μmに設定した。光照射時間を15分間に設定した。細菌の濃度は108[CFU/mL]であった。レーザ出力が400mW以上の場合に細菌の集積が観察された。
図21は、多色染色された複数種類の細菌の集積結果を示す蛍光観察像である。蛍光in situハイブリダイゼーション(FISH:Fluorescence in situ hybridization)法による多色染色を行った。スポット径を107.6μmに設定した。レーザ出力を800mWに設定した。光照射時間を5分間に設定した。
高濃度/低濃度のサンプルにおける集積結果について説明する。具体的に、109[CFU/mL]を高濃度とし、108[CFU/mL]を低濃度とした。低濃度は図14~図20における濃度と同等の濃度であり、高濃度はその10倍の濃度である。レーザ出力を800mWに設定した。スポット径を152.6μmに設定した。
実施の形態では、静止サンプル中で細菌が集積される例について説明した。本変形例においては、マイクロ流路を流れるサンプル中における細菌の集積について説明する。
最後に本開示の諸態様を付記としてまとめて記載する。
液体試料に含まれる複数種類の微生物を集積する、微生物の集積方法であって、
複数の細孔が設けられた基板を準備するステップを含み、前記複数の細孔の各々は、前記複数種類の微生物を種類毎に少なくとも1つずつ捕捉可能な開口と、鉛直下向き成分を含む方向に延びる深さとを有し、さらに、
前記液体試料を前記基板上に導入するステップと、
前記複数種類の微生物の電子的共鳴の波長域外の光である非共鳴光の照射条件を設定するステップと、
前記照射条件に従って前記非共鳴光を前記液体試料を通じて前記複数の細孔に向けて照射するステップとを含み、
前記複数の細孔のうち前記非共鳴光が照射される領域は、前記非共鳴光を熱に変換する光熱変換材料を含まず、
前記設定するステップは、前記複数種類の微生物に対して、前記非共鳴光の照射による光誘起力の鉛直下向き成分の大きさが、前記液体試料による浮力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさよりも大きく、かつ、前記液体試料中の分子のブラウン運動による力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさよりも大きくなるように、前記非共鳴光の照射範囲における前記非共鳴光の強度を設定するステップを含む、微生物の集積方法。
前記設定するステップは、前記複数種類の微生物に対して、前記光誘起力の鉛直下向き成分の大きさが、前記浮力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさと、前記ブラウン運動による力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさとの和よりも大きくなるように、前記照射範囲における前記強度を設定するステップを含む、付記1に記載の微生物の集積方法。
前記複数種類の微生物は、走化性を有する微生物を含み、
前記設定するステップは、前記走化性を有する微生物に対して、前記光誘起力の鉛直下向き成分の大きさが、走化性による推進力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさよりもさらに大きくなるように、前記照射範囲における前記強度を設定するステップを含む、付記1または2に記載の微生物の集積方法。
前記設定するステップは、前記走化性を有する微生物に対して、前記光誘起力の鉛直下向き成分の大きさが、前記浮力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさと、前記ブラウン運動による力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさと、前記走化性による推進力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさとの和よりも大きくなるように、前記照射範囲における前記強度を設定するステップを含む、付記3に記載の微生物の集積方法。
前記複数の細孔の各々の深さは、各細孔内に捕捉された前記走化性を有する微生物が前記走化性による推進力により脱出しないように定められている、付記3または4に記載の微生物の集積方法。
前記導入するステップは、前記液体試料を前記基板上に流通させるステップであり、
前記設定するステップは、前記複数種類の微生物に対して、前記光誘起力の鉛直下向き成分の大きさが、前記液体試料による抗力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさよりもさらに大きくなるように、前記照射範囲における前記強度を設定するステップを含む、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の微生物の集積方法。
前記設定するステップは、前記複数種類の微生物に対して、前記光誘起力の鉛直下向き成分が、前記浮力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさと、前記ブラウン運動による力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさと、前記液体試料の抗力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさとの和よりも大きくなるように、前記照射範囲における前記強度を設定するステップを含む、請求項6に記載の微生物の集積方法。
前記設定するステップは、前記複数の細孔のうちの2以上の細孔の開口全体を含むように、前記照射範囲を設定するステップをさらに含む、付記1~7のいずれか1項に記載の微生物の集積方法。
前記複数の細孔のうちの隣接する細孔同士は、互いに連通していない、付記1~8のいずれか1項に記載の微生物の集積方法。
前記導入するステップは、前記液体試料と、前記液体試料の周囲の気体とが接触しない閉鎖系を形成するステップを含む、付記9のいずれか1項に記載の微生物の集積方法。
前記導入するステップは、前記照射範囲よりも広範囲に前記複数種類の微生物が集積されるような高濃度に前記液体試料における前記複数種類の微生物の濃度を調製するステップを含む、付記1~10のいずれか1項に記載の微生物の集積方法。
液体試料に含まれる複数種類の微生物を集積する、微生物の集積システムであって、
複数の細孔が設けられた基板を備え、前記複数の細孔の各々は、前記複数種類の微生物を種類毎に少なくとも1つずつ捕捉可能な開口と、鉛直下向き成分を含む方向に延びる深さとを有し、さらに、
前記液体試料が前記基板上に配置された状態において、前記複数種類の微生物の電子的共鳴の波長域外の光である非共鳴光を液体試料を通じて前記複数の細孔に向けて照射する光源と、
前記光源を制御する制御装置とを備え、
前記複数の細孔のうち前記非共鳴光が照射される領域は、前記非共鳴光を熱に変換する光熱変換材料を含まず、
前記制御装置は、前記複数種類の微生物に対して、前記非共鳴光の照射による光誘起力の鉛直下向き成分の大きさが、前記液体試料による浮力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさよりも大きく、かつ、前記液体試料中の分子のブラウン運動による力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさよりも大きくなるように、前記非共鳴光の照射範囲における前記非共鳴光の強度を設定する、微生物の集積システム。
Claims (12)
- 液体試料に含まれる複数種類の微生物を集積する、微生物の集積方法であって、
複数の細孔が設けられた基板を準備するステップを含み、前記複数の細孔の各々は、前記複数種類の微生物を種類毎に少なくとも1つずつ捕捉可能な開口と、鉛直下向き成分を含む方向に延びる深さとを有し、さらに、
前記液体試料を前記基板上に導入するステップと、
前記複数種類の微生物の電子的共鳴の波長域外の光である非共鳴光の照射条件を設定するステップと、
前記照射条件に従って前記非共鳴光を前記液体試料を通じて前記複数の細孔に照射するステップとを含み、
前記複数の細孔のうち前記非共鳴光が照射される領域は、前記非共鳴光を熱に変換する光熱変換材料を含まず、
前記設定するステップは、前記複数種類の微生物に対して、前記非共鳴光の照射による光誘起力の鉛直下向き成分の大きさが、前記液体試料による浮力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさよりも大きく、かつ、前記液体試料中の分子のブラウン運動による力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさよりも大きくなるように、前記非共鳴光の照射範囲における前記非共鳴光の強度を設定するステップを含む、微生物の集積方法。 - 前記設定するステップは、前記複数種類の微生物に対して、前記光誘起力の鉛直下向き成分の大きさが、前記浮力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさと、前記ブラウン運動による力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさとの和よりも大きくなるように、前記照射範囲における前記強度を設定するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の微生物の集積方法。
- 前記複数種類の微生物は、走化性を有する微生物を含み、
前記設定するステップは、前記走化性を有する微生物に対して、前記光誘起力の鉛直下向き成分の大きさが、走化性による推進力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさよりもさらに大きくなるように、前記照射範囲における前記強度を設定するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の微生物の集積方法。 - 前記設定するステップは、前記走化性を有する微生物に対して、前記光誘起力の鉛直下向き成分の大きさが、前記浮力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさと、前記ブラウン運動による力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさと、前記走化性による推進力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさとの和よりも大きくなるように、前記照射範囲における前記強度を設定するステップを含む、請求項3に記載の微生物の集積方法。
- 前記複数の細孔の各々の深さは、各細孔内に捕捉された前記走化性を有する微生物が前記走化性による推進力により脱出しないように定められている、請求項3に記載の微生物の集積方法。
- 前記導入するステップは、前記液体試料を前記基板上に流通させるステップであり、
前記設定するステップは、前記複数種類の微生物に対して、前記光誘起力の鉛直下向き成分の大きさが、前記液体試料による抗力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさよりもさらに大きくなるように、前記照射範囲における前記強度を設定するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の微生物の集積方法。 - 前記設定するステップは、前記複数種類の微生物に対して、前記光誘起力の鉛直下向き成分の大きさが、前記浮力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさと、前記ブラウン運動による力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさと、前記液体試料の抗力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさとの和よりも大きくなるように、前記照射範囲における前記強度を設定するステップを含む、請求項6に記載の微生物の集積方法。
- 前記設定するステップは、前記複数の細孔のうちの2以上の細孔の開口全体を含むように、前記照射範囲を設定するステップをさらに含む、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の微生物の集積方法。
- 前記複数の細孔のうちの隣接する細孔同士は、互いに連通していない、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の微生物の集積方法。
- 前記導入するステップは、前記液体試料と、前記液体試料の周囲の気体とが接触しない閉鎖系を形成するステップを含む、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の微生物の集積方法。
- 前記導入するステップは、前記照射範囲よりも広範囲に前記複数種類の微生物が集積されるような高濃度に前記液体試料における前記複数種類の微生物の濃度を調製するステップを含む、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の微生物の集積方法。
- 液体試料に含まれる複数種類の微生物を集積する、微生物の集積システムであって、
複数の細孔が設けられた基板を備え、前記複数の細孔の各々は、前記複数種類の微生物を種類毎に少なくとも1つずつ捕捉可能な開口と、鉛直下向き成分を含む方向に延びる深さとを有し、さらに、
前記液体試料が前記基板上に配置された状態において、前記複数種類の微生物の電子的共鳴の波長域外の光である非共鳴光を液体試料を通じて前記複数の細孔に放射する光源と、
前記光源を制御する制御装置とを備え、
前記複数の細孔のうち前記非共鳴光が照射される領域は、前記非共鳴光を熱に変換する光熱変換材料を含まず、
前記制御装置は、前記複数種類の微生物に対して、前記非共鳴光の照射による光誘起力の鉛直下向き成分の大きさが、前記液体試料による浮力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさよりも大きく、かつ、前記液体試料中の分子のブラウン運動による力の鉛直上向き成分の大きさよりも大きくなるように、前記非共鳴光の照射範囲における前記非共鳴光の強度を設定する、微生物の集積システム。
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2024518065A JPWO2023210798A1 (ja) | 2022-04-28 | 2023-04-28 | |
| EP23796533.0A EP4517290A1 (en) | 2022-04-28 | 2023-04-28 | Microbe accumulation method and accumulation system |
| US18/860,310 US20250283142A1 (en) | 2022-04-28 | 2023-04-28 | Microorganism accumulation method and accumulation system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2022-074798 | 2022-04-28 | ||
| JP2022074798 | 2022-04-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2023210798A1 true WO2023210798A1 (ja) | 2023-11-02 |
Family
ID=88518893
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2023/016809 Ceased WO2023210798A1 (ja) | 2022-04-28 | 2023-04-28 | 微生物の集積方法および集積システム |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250283142A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP4517290A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JPWO2023210798A1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2023210798A1 (ja) |
Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0466873A (ja) * | 1990-07-06 | 1992-03-03 | Canon Inc | 検体処理方法及び検体測定方法及び検体測定装置 |
| JP2004354345A (ja) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-12-16 | Olympus Corp | 生体分子解析装置 |
| JP2006094783A (ja) * | 2004-09-29 | 2006-04-13 | Fujitsu Ltd | 細胞給排・捕捉装置及び細胞給排・捕捉方法 |
| JP2006262825A (ja) * | 2005-03-25 | 2006-10-05 | Tadashi Matsunaga | 微生物分離装置 |
| WO2006126487A1 (ja) * | 2005-05-23 | 2006-11-30 | Cybox Co., Ltd | マイクロチップ及びマイクロチップの製造方法 |
| WO2009016842A1 (ja) * | 2007-08-01 | 2009-02-05 | National University Corporation Tokyo University Of Agriculture And Technology | 単一細胞捕捉用マイクロ流路デバイス |
| WO2014192937A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-30 | 2014-12-04 | 公立大学法人大阪府立大学 | 被検出物質の検出装置および方法 |
| WO2015170758A1 (ja) * | 2014-05-08 | 2015-11-12 | 公立大学法人大阪府立大学 | 集積装置および集積方法、微小物体集積構造体の製造装置、微生物の集積除去装置、被検出物質の検出装置、被分離物質の分離装置、ならびに被導入物質の導入装置 |
| WO2017195872A1 (ja) | 2016-05-11 | 2017-11-16 | 公立大学法人大阪府立大学 | 微小物体の捕集装置および捕集キットならびに微小物体の捕集方法 |
| JP2018194550A (ja) * | 2017-05-12 | 2018-12-06 | 公立大学法人大阪府立大学 | 被検出物質の検出キットおよびそれを備えた検出システム、ならびに、被検出物質の検出キットの製造方法 |
| WO2021040021A1 (ja) | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-04 | 公立大学法人大阪 | 被検出物質の検出方法および被検出物質の検出システム |
-
2023
- 2023-04-28 EP EP23796533.0A patent/EP4517290A1/en active Pending
- 2023-04-28 WO PCT/JP2023/016809 patent/WO2023210798A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2023-04-28 US US18/860,310 patent/US20250283142A1/en active Pending
- 2023-04-28 JP JP2024518065A patent/JPWO2023210798A1/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0466873A (ja) * | 1990-07-06 | 1992-03-03 | Canon Inc | 検体処理方法及び検体測定方法及び検体測定装置 |
| JP2004354345A (ja) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-12-16 | Olympus Corp | 生体分子解析装置 |
| JP2006094783A (ja) * | 2004-09-29 | 2006-04-13 | Fujitsu Ltd | 細胞給排・捕捉装置及び細胞給排・捕捉方法 |
| JP2006262825A (ja) * | 2005-03-25 | 2006-10-05 | Tadashi Matsunaga | 微生物分離装置 |
| WO2006126487A1 (ja) * | 2005-05-23 | 2006-11-30 | Cybox Co., Ltd | マイクロチップ及びマイクロチップの製造方法 |
| WO2009016842A1 (ja) * | 2007-08-01 | 2009-02-05 | National University Corporation Tokyo University Of Agriculture And Technology | 単一細胞捕捉用マイクロ流路デバイス |
| WO2014192937A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-30 | 2014-12-04 | 公立大学法人大阪府立大学 | 被検出物質の検出装置および方法 |
| WO2015170758A1 (ja) * | 2014-05-08 | 2015-11-12 | 公立大学法人大阪府立大学 | 集積装置および集積方法、微小物体集積構造体の製造装置、微生物の集積除去装置、被検出物質の検出装置、被分離物質の分離装置、ならびに被導入物質の導入装置 |
| WO2017195872A1 (ja) | 2016-05-11 | 2017-11-16 | 公立大学法人大阪府立大学 | 微小物体の捕集装置および捕集キットならびに微小物体の捕集方法 |
| JP2018194550A (ja) * | 2017-05-12 | 2018-12-06 | 公立大学法人大阪府立大学 | 被検出物質の検出キットおよびそれを備えた検出システム、ならびに、被検出物質の検出キットの製造方法 |
| WO2021040021A1 (ja) | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-04 | 公立大学法人大阪 | 被検出物質の検出方法および被検出物質の検出システム |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4517290A1 (en) | 2025-03-05 |
| JPWO2023210798A1 (ja) | 2023-11-02 |
| US20250283142A1 (en) | 2025-09-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP6709299B2 (ja) | 生体アクティビティをアッセイするための微少流体デバイス | |
| Eriksson et al. | A microfluidic system in combination with optical tweezers for analyzing rapid and reversible cytological alterations in single cells upon environmental changes | |
| JP6375578B2 (ja) | 微小物体の捕集装置および捕集キットならびに微小物体の捕集方法 | |
| JP6557658B2 (ja) | 隔離囲いを有するマイクロ流体デバイスおよびそれによる生物学的微小物体の試験方法 | |
| JP5243790B2 (ja) | 光学流体顕微鏡装置 | |
| Zhang et al. | Rapid point-of-care concentration of bacteria in a disposable microfluidic device using meniscus dragging effect | |
| JP4987885B2 (ja) | 小滴中で反応を行うための装置及びその使用方法 | |
| JP2017519620A (ja) | 同じマイクロ流体装置の異なる区分におけるdep力の制御およびエレクトロウェッティングの制御 | |
| US11719603B2 (en) | Collecting apparatus for microscopic objects, collecting container used in collecting apparatus, and method of collecting microscopic objects | |
| JP2018522220A (ja) | 連続気相を伴うマイクロ流体チップにおける水滴の生成及び捕捉 | |
| CN113766970A (zh) | 微小物体的集聚方法以及微小物体的集聚系统 | |
| CN109142717B (zh) | 用于测定生物活性的微流体装置 | |
| EP4047345A1 (en) | Minute particle collection method, microchip for aliquoting minute particles, minute particle collection device, production method for emulsion, and emulsion | |
| US20220113233A1 (en) | Particle capture device, particle capture method, and microscope system | |
| Jeon et al. | Quantitative analysis of single bacterial chemotaxis using a linear concentration gradient microchannel | |
| WO2023210798A1 (ja) | 微生物の集積方法および集積システム | |
| Ryu et al. | Open micro-fluidic system for atomic force microscopy-guided in situ electrochemical probing of a single cell | |
| JP7515940B2 (ja) | 被検出物質の検出方法、検出キットおよび検出システム、ならびに、検出キットの製造方法 | |
| JP4840398B2 (ja) | 抗原の分離装置並びにこれを利用した抗原の計測方法及び装置 | |
| Mondal et al. | Microfluidic devices for imaging trafficking events in vivo using genetic model organisms | |
| Weinstein | Low-cost methods of on-demand fluid flow, nematode egg separation and counting | |
| JP7068384B2 (ja) | 生物学的アクティビティをアッセイするための微少流体デバイス | |
| Sugioka et al. | 3D microstructuring of glass by femtosecond laser direct writing and application to biophotonic microchips | |
| JP2004233114A (ja) | 抗原の分離装置並びにこれを利用した抗原の計測方法及び装置 | |
| Heng et al. | Optofluidic microscopy |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 23796533 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| DPE1 | Request for preliminary examination filed after expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed from 20040101) | ||
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 18860310 Country of ref document: US |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2024518065 Country of ref document: JP |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2023796533 Country of ref document: EP |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2023796533 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20241128 |
|
| WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 18860310 Country of ref document: US |