WO2023276380A1 - イオンセンサ、イオンセンサの製造方法及びイオンの測定方法 - Google Patents
イオンセンサ、イオンセンサの製造方法及びイオンの測定方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023276380A1 WO2023276380A1 PCT/JP2022/015516 JP2022015516W WO2023276380A1 WO 2023276380 A1 WO2023276380 A1 WO 2023276380A1 JP 2022015516 W JP2022015516 W JP 2022015516W WO 2023276380 A1 WO2023276380 A1 WO 2023276380A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
- G01N27/333—Ion-selective electrodes or membranes
- G01N27/3335—Ion-selective electrodes or membranes the membrane containing at least one organic component
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
- G01N27/301—Reference electrodes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an ion sensor, an ion sensor manufacturing method, and an ion measuring method.
- An ion sensor that measures ions by potentiometry includes an ion-selective electrode as a working electrode and a reference electrode, both of which have been used for a long time using an internal liquid.
- a reference electrode a reference electrode having a concentrated KCl solution with a saturated concentration or about 3M as an internal liquid is often used so as to be in contact with an Ag/AgCl electrode.
- An internal liquid ion sensor that uses an internal liquid must contain a high-concentration ion electrolyte so that the concentration of the internal liquid does not change, causing problems such as contamination of the sample solution and clogging due to crystallization at the liquid junction. may occur, and maintenance becomes complicated.
- a liquid is used inside the electrode, there is a problem that the structure becomes complicated and is not suitable for mass production.
- an all-solid-state ion sensor that does not use an internal liquid for both the ion-selective electrode and the reference electrode is known.
- the all-solid-state ion sensor does not use an internal liquid, so it is suitable for mass production, but it has a problem that the potential varies greatly between ion sensors. If the variation in potential between ion sensors is large, it is necessary to calibrate in advance using a calibration liquid before use.
- Non-Patent Document 1 reports an all-solid-state ion sensor that uses CIM carbon for the internal solid layer.
- ion sensor of Non-Patent Document 1 [Co III (C 9 , C 9 -bipy) 3 ] (tris(pentafluorophenyl) borane) 2 , [Co III (C 9 , C 9 -bipy) 3 ](tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane) 3 , or potassium-tetracyanoquinodimethane complex salts must be included in the electrode.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an ion sensor with reduced potential variation, an ion sensor manufacturing method, and an ion measuring method.
- the above problems can be solved by providing an ion sensor, an ion sensor manufacturing method, and an ion measuring method including a reference electrode including an ionic liquid-containing membrane, and an insulator in which the ion-selective electrode and the reference electrode are arranged. I found what I can do.
- an ion sensor with reduced potential variation it is possible to provide an ion sensor with reduced potential variation, an ion sensor manufacturing method, and an ion measuring method.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing open circuit potential measurement in Example 2; Potential-response-time curves of 8 reference electrodes independently prepared by the same method are shown.
- 3 shows a cross-sectional view of an ion sensor of Example 3.
- FIG. 4 shows KCl measurement performance results in Example 4.
- FIG. The potential E for each ion-selective electrode was measured.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a method for measuring ions using the ion sensor of Example 6; 12 shows the results of measuring the potential E with respect to the ion-selective electrode in Example 6.
- FIG. The horizontal axis indicates the elapsed time (minutes) after the solution stopped contacting the sensor.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of an ion-selective electrode
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a reference electrode
- 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of an ion-selective electrode
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a reference electrode
- BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is typical sectional drawing which shows an example of the ion sensor of this invention.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the embodiment which measures the ion in a sample using the ion sensor of this invention.
- the figure on the left is a schematic plan view showing an example of the ion sensor of the present invention.
- the figure on the right is a schematic plan view showing how the ion sensor of the present invention is used.
- the present invention provides an ion sensor comprising a first internal solid layer containing a first insertion material and a first ion-conducting ceramic, and an ion selective membrane disposed on the first internal solid layer.
- a reference comprising a selective electrode, a second internal solid layer containing a second insertion material and a second ion-conducting ceramic, and an ionic liquid-containing membrane disposed on the second internal solid layer.
- the present invention relates to an ion sensor including an electrode and an insulator in which an ion-selective electrode and a reference electrode are arranged (also referred to herein as the "ion sensor of the present invention"). This will be explained below.
- first insertion material and “second insertion material” may be collectively referred to as “insertion material”.
- first ion-conducting ceramics and “second ion-conducting ceramics” are collectively referred to as “ion-conducting ceramics”
- first internal solid layer and “second internal solid layer” are collectively referred to as “ion-conducting ceramics”. sometimes referred to as the “internal solid layer”.
- first insertion material and “second insertion material” may be the same or different.
- first ion-conducting ceramics and the “second ion-conducting ceramics” may be the same or different.
- first internal solid layer and the “second internal solid layer” may be the same or different.
- the internal solid layer is a layer containing an insertion material and ion-conducting ceramics.
- the insertion material is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that can be used for the electrode of the ion sensor.
- As an insertion material preferably one can be used which is capable of inserting and de-inserting the ions to be measured within the structure by means of electrochemical reactions (ion-electronic conductors).
- the ions to be measured are not particularly limited, but are for example potassium ions, sodium ions, lithium ions, calcium ions, magnesium ions, etc., preferably potassium ions, sodium ions, lithium ions, etc., particularly preferably potassium ions. mentioned.
- the insertion material is preferably an inorganic insertion material.
- the inorganic insertion material is not particularly limited as long as it is an inorganic material that can be used for the electrodes of the ion sensor.
- the insertion material include metal oxides, oxygen redox materials, Prussian blue analogues, etc. Among these, metal oxides are preferred. These can be appropriately selected according to the ions to be measured.
- metal oxides include M x MnO 2 , M x NiO 2 , M x CoO 2 , M x Ni 0.5 Mn 0.5 O 2 , M x FeO 2 , M 2/3 Fe 1/3 Mn 2 / 3O2 , MxNi1 / 3Co1 / 3Mn1 / 3O2 , MxNi0.5Ti0.5O2 , MxVO2 , MxCrO2 , MxFePO4 (wherein M are each independently Na or K, and x represents any positive number.) and the like.
- M x MnO 2 is more preferred, and Na x MnO 2 is particularly preferred.
- x is usually 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.
- x is preferably 0.15 to 0.66, more preferably 0.2 to 0.5, still more preferably 0.22 to 0.28, 0.30 to 0.36, or 0.41 to 0.47, particularly preferably 0.245 to 0.255, 0.325 to 0.335, or 0.435 to 0.445.
- the crystal structure of the metal oxide is not particularly limited as long as it can be used as an ion sensor electrode.
- the crystal structure includes, for example, a rectangular crystal structure, a tetragonal crystal structure, a trigonal crystal structure, a hexagonal crystal structure, a cubic crystal structure, a triclinic crystal structure, a monoclinic crystal structure, and the like. Among these, a rectangular system crystal structure is preferred.
- the oxygen redox material is a material that can utilize oxidation-reduction reactions of not only transition metals but also oxide ions, and is not particularly limited in this respect.
- Specific examples of oxygen redox materials include Na2Mn3O7 , Na2 / 3Mg0.28Mn0.72O2 , Na2RuO3 , Na1.3Nb0.3Mn0.4O2 , Na0.6Li0.2Mn0.8O 2 , etc.
- the Prussian blue analogue is a structure in which cyano groups bridge transition metal ions, and is not particularly limited in this respect.
- Specific examples of Prussian blue analogues include Na 2 Mn[Fe(CN) 6 ], Na y CO[Fe(CN) 6 ] 0.90 2.9H 2 O (where y is any positive number ), K-FeHCF (iron hexacyanoferrate potassium), K-NiHCF (nickel hexacyanoferrate potassium), K-CuHCF (copper hexacyanoferrate potassium), Na-NiHCF (nickel hexacyanoferrate sodium), Ca-NiHCF (nickel hexacyanoferrate calcium) and the like.
- the insertion material is preferably particles.
- the particles of the insertion material are of any shape, such as scaly, columnar, spherical, or ellipsoidal.
- the average particle diameter of the particles of the insertion material is preferably 1 to 20 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 to 15 ⁇ m, from the viewpoint of enhancing the adhesion to the ion conductive ceramics and enhancing the performance as an ion sensor electrode. , more preferably 5 to 12 ⁇ m.
- the average particle size can be measured with a laser diffraction/scattering particle size distribution analyzer.
- the material and shape of the insertion material may be of one type alone, or may be a combination of two or more types.
- the content of the insertion material is, for example, 20 to 70 parts by mass, preferably 25 to 65 parts by mass, and more preferably 30 to 60 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the internal solid layer.
- Ion-conductive ceramics are not particularly limited as long as they are solids that can conduct ions. As ion-conducting ceramics, those capable of conducting the measuring ions can be used.
- ion conductive ceramics examples include potassium ion conductive ceramics, sodium ion conductive ceramics, lithium ion conductive ceramics, calcium conductive ceramics, magnesium conductive ceramics, etc., preferably potassium ion conductive ceramics and sodium ion conductive ceramics. , lithium ion conductive ceramics, etc., and particularly preferably potassium ion conductive ceramics.
- the ion-conductive ceramics can be appropriately selected according to the ions to be measured.
- Specific examples of ion conductive ceramics include oxide-based solid electrolytes such as ⁇ ′′ alumina, ⁇ -alumina, perovskite-type oxides, NASICON-type oxides, and garnet-type oxides, sulfide-based solid electrolytes, and stabilized zirconia. , ion exchangers, etc.
- the ion exchanger is not particularly limited as long as it is a substance that exhibits an ion exchange phenomenon, for example, zeolite (zeolite contains cations such as Na ions, K ions, and H ions inside can be used), ion-exchange resin acids, and the like.
- ion-conductive ceramics ⁇ ′′ alumina, ⁇ alumina, zeolite, etc. are particularly preferable from the viewpoint that they are highly stable against water and can be suitably used as electrodes of ion sensors.
- ⁇ ′′/ ⁇ -alumina comprises a layered structure consisting of an ion-conducting layer and spinel blocks, in which the migration of ions (measurement ions) occurs.
- ⁇ ′′ alumina has a higher content of sodium ions in the crystal structure and a relatively higher ionic conductivity.
- ⁇ ′′/ ⁇ alumina preferably conducts sodium ions
- the form of the ion conductive ceramics is not particularly limited, but particles are preferred.
- the particles of the ion-conducting ceramics have arbitrary shapes such as scaly, columnar, spherical, and ellipsoidal shapes.
- the average particle diameter of the ion conductive ceramic particles is preferably 0.02 to 3 ⁇ m, more It is preferably 0.1-1 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.15-0.5 ⁇ m. From the same point of view, the average particle size of the ion conductive ceramic particles is preferably 0.02 to 7 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.05 to 5 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 0.1 to 3 ⁇ m in the present invention.
- the average particle size can be measured with a laser diffraction/scattering particle size distribution analyzer.
- the average particle size of the ion conductive ceramics is preferably smaller than the average particle size of the insertion material.
- the average particle size of the ion-conductive ceramics relative to the average particle size of the insertion material is, for example, 0.001 to 0.3, preferably 0.005. ⁇ 0.1, more preferably 0.01 to 0.05.
- the average particle size of the ion conductive ceramics relative to the average particle size of the insertion material is, for example, 0.001 to 0.7, preferably 0.005 to 0.6, It is more preferably 0.01 to 0.05.
- the material and shape of the ion-conducting ceramics may be of a single type or a combination of two or more types.
- the content of the ion conductive ceramics is, for example, 15 to 70 parts by mass, preferably 20 to 65 parts by mass, and more preferably 25 to 60 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the internal solid layer.
- the mass ratio of the insertion material to the ion-conducting ceramics in the internal solid layer is, for example, 5:1 to 1:5, preferably 2:1 to 1:2, more preferably 1.5:1 to 1:1.5, more preferably 1.2:1 to 1:1.2, still more preferably 1.1:1 to 1:1.1.
- the internal solid layer preferably contains a conductive agent.
- the conductivity of the internal solid layer can be improved, the cushioning action against the volume change due to the ingress and egress of ions can be improved, and the reproducibility of the measurement can be enhanced.
- Examples of conductive agents include, but are not limited to, carbon materials such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon powder, and graphite powder; conductive fibers such as metal fibers; carbon fluoride; Metal powders such as aluminum, conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate, conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide, organic conductive materials such as phenylene derivatives and graphene derivatives, and the like can be used. Among these, carbon materials are preferred.
- the component and shape of the conductive agent may be a single type or a combination of two or more types.
- the content of the conductive agent is, for example, 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, preferably 1 to 15 parts by mass, and more preferably 2 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the internal solid layer.
- the mass ratio of the insertion material to the conductive agent (insertion material: conductive agent) in the internal solid layer is, for example, 20:1 to 1:1, preferably 15:1 to 3:1, more preferably 10:1 to 1:1. 6:1.
- the mass ratio of the ion-conductive ceramics and the conductive agent in the internal solid layer is, for example, 20:1 to 1:1, preferably 15:1 to 3:1, more preferably 10:1. 1-6:1.
- the internal solid layer preferably contains a binder. Thereby, each component in the internal solid layer can be bound more firmly.
- binders include, but are not limited to, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, aramid resin, polyamide, polyimide, polyamideimide, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylic acid, and polymethyl acrylate.
- Ester polyethyl acrylate, polyhexyl acrylate, polymethacrylic acid, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polyhexyl methacrylate, acrylic emulsion, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyether, poly Polymers such as ether sulfone, hexafluoropolypropylene, styrene-butadiene rubber, and carboxymethyl cellulose, analogous compounds having the same skeleton as these polymers, and composite agents composed of a plurality of polymers can be used.
- polyvinylidene fluoride preferably (a) polyvinylidene fluoride, (b) a mixture containing styrene-butadiene latex and carboxymethyl cellulose, (c) a mixture containing polyamide, polyimide and carbodiimide, and (d) polytetrafluoroethylene , (e) acrylic emulsion and the like, more preferably polyvinylidene fluoride.
- the component of the binder may be of one type alone or may be a combination of two or more types.
- the content of the binder is, for example, 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, preferably 1 to 15 parts by mass, and more preferably 2 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the internal solid layer.
- the mass ratio of the insertion material to the binder (insertion material:binder) in the inner solid layer is, for example, 20:1 to 1:1, preferably 15:1 to 3:1, more preferably 10:1. 1-6:1.
- the mass ratio of the ion-conductive ceramics and the binder (ion-conductive ceramics:binder) in the internal solid layer is, for example, 20:1 to 1:1, preferably 15:1 to 3:1, more preferably 10:1 to 6:1.
- the internal solid layer may contain other components than those mentioned above.
- Other components include, for example, MnCO 3 , Na 2 CO 3 , Al 2 O 3 and the like.
- the total content of the insertion material and ion-conducting ceramics in the internal solid layer (and the total content including the conductive agent and binder if they are contained) per 100 parts by mass of the internal solid layer
- 70 to 100 parts by mass preferably 80 to 100 parts by mass, more preferably 90 to 100 parts by mass, still more preferably 95 to 100 parts by mass, and even more preferably 99 to 100 parts by mass.
- each component is preferably in a mixed state.
- the layer structure of the internal solid layer is not particularly limited.
- the internal solid layer may have a single-layer structure consisting of one layer of a single composition, or may have a multi-layer structure consisting of a plurality of layers having the same or different compositions.
- the thickness is, for example, 1-200 ⁇ m. From the viewpoint of production efficiency, production cost, etc., the thickness is preferably 1 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 to 50 ⁇ m, further preferably 1 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the components blended in the production of the first internal solid layer and the components blended in the production of the second internal solid layer are the same.
- the content ratio of each component in the first internal solid layer is, for example, 50 to 200%, preferably 60 to 180%, relative to 100% content ratio of the corresponding component in the second internal solid layer. More preferably 70 to 140%, still more preferably 80 to 120%. Among these ranges, preferably 90 to 110%, more preferably 95 to 105%, still more preferably 98 to 102%, particularly preferably 99-101%.
- the composition of the first internal solid layer and the composition of the second internal solid layer are substantially the same.
- substantially the same composition means that the compositions other than minor components such as impurities and residual solvents are the same.
- the composition of the first internal solid layer and the second internal solid layer are produced using the same mixed composition, the resulting composition of the first internal solid layer and the second internal solid layer It can be said that the composition of the layers is substantially the same.
- the ion selective electrode includes a first internal solid layer and an ion selective membrane.
- the ion selective membrane contains an ion selective substance.
- Ionophores Conventionally known ionophores or synthetic substances can be widely used as the ion-selective substance.
- the ion-selective substance can be selected according to the ions to be measured.
- Ionophores are preferably used as the ion-selective substance.
- Ionophores include valinomycin, monesin, rhodopsin, nonactin, monactin, ionomycin, gramicidin A, nigericin, CCCP (carbonyl cyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone), FCCP (carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone), etc. mentioned.
- Synthetic substances include crown ethers (a group of macrocyclic polyethers), and acyclic nonylphenoxypolyethanols.
- the ion-selective substance may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- Specific examples of ion-selective substances include DD16C5, Bis-12Crown-4, 12-Crown-4, 15-Crown-5, 18-Crown-6, carexarene, and the like.
- Ion selective membranes usually contain a binder resin.
- the binder resin is not particularly limited. Specific examples of binder resins include polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate, silicone elastomer, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose ester, polycarbonate, vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride/acetic acid. vinyl/vinyl alcohol copolymers, vinyl chloride/vinylidene chloride copolymers, and the like. The components of the binder resin may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the ion selective membrane preferably contains a plasticizer. Since the plasticizer increases the flexibility of the ion selective membrane, it is possible, for example, to suppress the occurrence of cracks in the ion selective membrane.
- plasticizers include, but are not limited to, TEHP (tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate), NPOE (2-nitrophenyloctyl ether), DOP (dioctyl phthalate), DOS (dioctyl sebacate), DBE (dioctyl sebacate), basic acid ester), BA (butyl acrylate), and the like.
- the plasticizer may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the ion selective membrane preferably contains an anion scavenger.
- Anion scavengers can be selected according to the ions to be measured.
- anion scavengers include sodium tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)borate (Na-TCPB), potassium tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)borate (K-TCPB), tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl ] sodium borate (Na-TFPB), tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]potassium borate (K-TFPB), potassium tetraphenylborate (K-TPB), sodium tetraphenylborate ( Na-TPB), tetraphenylborate salts such as sodium tetrakis[3,5-bis(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-methoxy-2-propyl)phenyl
- the content of the above components is not particularly limited as long as the ion selective membrane can function.
- the content per 100 parts by mass of the ion selective membrane is, for example, 1 to 10 parts by mass of the ion selective substance, 15 to 45 parts by mass of the binder resin, 50 to 80 parts by mass of the plasticizer, and 0.1 to 0.1 parts by mass of the anion exclusion agent. 5 parts by mass.
- the layer structure of the ion selective membrane is not particularly limited.
- the ion-selective membrane may have a single-layer structure consisting of one layer of a single composition, or may have a multi-layer structure consisting of a plurality of layers having the same or different compositions.
- the thickness is, for example, 50-300 ⁇ m.
- the application of the ion-selective membrane is not particularly limited, and is, for example, a cation-selective membrane for sodium ions, potassium ions, and the like.
- the ion selective membrane is placed on the internal solid layer.
- the ion-selective membrane is placed directly on the inner solid layer.
- a schematic diagram of the ion-selective electrode is shown in FIG.
- the ion-selective electrode D has a two-layer structure in which an ion-selective membrane C1 is placed directly on an internal solid layer A.
- the reference electrode includes a second internal solid layer and an ionic liquid-containing membrane.
- the ionic liquid is not particularly limited, but for example, the cation is at least one of imidazolium cation, pyridinium cation, piperidinium cation, pyrrolidinium cation, quaternary ammonium cation, phosphonium cation, and arzonium cation.
- the anion is [R 1 SO 2 NSO 2 R 2 ]-(R 1 and R 2 are each a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms), a borate ion containing fluorine and tetravalent boron; Bis(2 - ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, AlCl4- , Al3Cl7- , NO3- , BF4- , PF6- , CH3COO- , CF3COO- , CF3SO3- , ( CF 3SO2 ) 2N- , ( CF3SO2 ) 3C- , AsF6- , SbF6- , F ( HF ) n- , CF3CF2CF2CF2SO3- , ( CF3CF2 SO2 ) 2N- , or CF3CF2CF2COO- .
- the ionic liquid-containing membrane is preferably a gel membrane containing an ionic liquid.
- the method for gelling the hydrophobic ionic liquid is not particularly limited, it can be gelled using a polymer compound.
- polymer compounds include, for example, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polybutyl acrylate, polyvinylpyridine, organic electrolyte oligomer (main chain cationic moiety is PICPM structure), polyvinyl chloride, and other synthetic rubbers.
- a cross-linking agent may be used together with the polymer, for example, a gelling agent containing a cross-linking agent having a plurality of fluoroalkylated sulfonylamide groups and a polymer compound having a group capable of forming an onium salt with the cross-linking agent. may be used.
- a plasticizer may also be used together with the polymer. For example, polyvinyl chloride may be mixed with a plasticizer and dried to gel. As the plasticizer, the same plasticizers as those used in the ion selective membrane can be used.
- the content of the above components is not particularly limited as long as the ionic liquid-containing membrane can function.
- the content per 100 parts by mass of the ionic liquid-containing film is, for example, 1 to 15 parts by mass for the ionic liquid, for example, 15 to 45 parts by mass for the polymer compound, and for example, 50 to 80 parts by mass for the plasticizer.
- the content of the ionic liquid with respect to 100 parts by mass of the ionic liquid-containing film is preferably 1 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 6 parts by mass, from the viewpoint of suppressing the elution of the ionic liquid and further suppressing the effect on ion measurement. Department.
- the layer structure of the ionic liquid-containing film is not particularly limited.
- the layer may have a single layer structure consisting of one layer of a single composition, or may have a multi-layer structure consisting of a plurality of layers having the same or different compositions.
- the ionic liquid-containing membrane is placed on the internal solid layer.
- the ionic liquid-containing membrane is placed directly on the inner solid layer.
- a reference electrode is shown in FIG. In FIG. 11, the reference electrode E has a two-layer structure in which an ionic liquid-containing film C2 is placed directly on an internal solid layer A. In the reference electrode E, it is preferable to dispose the ionic liquid-containing film C2 so as to cover the side surfaces of the internal solid layer A and provide sidewalls on the side surfaces so that the internal solid layer A is not exposed.
- the ion-selective electrode and the reference electrode can function as electrodes as long as the internal solid layer contains a conductive material. From the viewpoint of further improving the function as an electrode or imparting the function as an electrode, it is preferable that the ion-selective electrode and the reference electrode contain an electrode material.
- the electrode material is not particularly limited as long as it contains a conductive material.
- conductive materials include metals such as platinum, gold, silver, copper, palladium, chromium, aluminum, and nickel; carbon; substances (alloys, etc.) containing at least one of these metals and/or carbon; and metal halides such as chlorides of Among these, platinum, gold, silver, palladium, aluminum, nickel, carbon and the like are preferred.
- the conductive material may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the conductive material is, for example, 70 to 100 parts by mass, preferably 85 to 100 parts by mass, and more preferably 95 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the electrode material.
- the shape of the electrode material is not particularly limited, it is usually flat.
- the layer structure of the electrode material is not particularly limited.
- the electrode material may have a single layer structure consisting of one layer of a single composition, or may have a multi-layer structure consisting of a plurality of layers having the same or different compositions.
- the thickness is, for example, 1-10 ⁇ m. From the viewpoint of production efficiency, production cost, etc., the thickness is preferably 1 to 5 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 12 shows an ion-selective electrode containing an electrode material.
- the ion-selective electrode D has an internal solid layer A directly on the electrode material B, and an ion-selective membrane C1 directly on the surface of the internal solid layer A opposite to the electrode material B. It has a three-layer structure.
- FIG. 13 shows a reference electrode containing an electrode material. In FIG.
- the reference electrode E has an internal solid layer A directly on the electrode material B, and an ionic liquid-containing film C2 directly on the surface of the internal solid layer A opposite to the electrode material B. It has a three-layer structure. In these electrodes, it is preferable to dispose the internal solid layer A so as to cover the side surface of the electrode material B and to provide side walls so that the electrode material is not exposed.
- the ion sensor of the present invention can be an all-solid-state ion sensor that does not use an internal liquid for either the ion-selective electrode or the reference electrode.
- the ion sensor of the present invention includes an ion-selective electrode, a reference electrode, and an insulator.
- the insulator is not particularly limited as long as it contains an insulating material that does not affect the conductivity of the electrodes.
- insulating materials include polyester resins such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, and polybutylene naphthalate, polyimides, glass epoxy resins, glass, ceramics, fiber base materials such as paper, and the like. be done.
- FIG. 14 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the ion sensor of the present invention.
- an ion-selective electrode D and a reference electrode E are arranged on an insulator F.
- FIG. 14 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the ion sensor of the present invention.
- an ion-selective electrode D and a reference electrode E are arranged on an insulator F.
- FIG. 14 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the ion sensor of the present invention.
- an ion-selective electrode D and a reference electrode E are arranged on an insulator F.
- the distance between the ion-selective electrode and the reference electrode (that is, the shortest distance between the end of the ion-selective electrode and the end of the reference electrode.
- the ion It is the distance between the end Z1 of the selective electrode and the end Z2 of the reference electrode E.
- the distance is more preferably 3 mm or more, still more preferably 4 mm or more, and even more preferably 5 mm or more.
- the upper limit of the distance is desirably a distance that allows a smaller number of identical samples to be brought into contact with both the ion-selective electrode and the reference electrode at the same time. 8mm or 6mm.
- the ion-selective electrode and the reference electrode are preferably arranged on the same side of the insulator.
- the ion-selective electrode D and the reference electrode E are arranged on the same side of the insulator F.
- FIG. 14 the ion-selective electrode D and the reference electrode E are arranged on the same side of the insulator F.
- the ion sensor of the present invention can have only one ion-selective electrode, or can have two or more ion-selective electrodes (eg, 2 to 5). Also, the ion sensor of the present invention can have only one reference electrode, or it can have two or more (eg, 2-5) reference electrodes.
- the ion sensor of the present invention can preferably be used as a potassium ion sensor.
- behaviors that increase blood potassium such as excessive intake of high-potassium diets, can alter the electrical activity of the heart to the extent that abnormalities appear on the electrocardiogram, and in some cases, cause fatal arrhythmia.
- the blood potassium level is not high, medication, dialysis, etc., may cause an excessive decrease in the blood potassium level, resulting in paralysis, muscle spasm, and in some cases, death.
- the blood potassium level varies depending on the patient's constitution, disease state, daily diet, etc. Therefore, the patient should measure the blood potassium level by himself/herself to prevent an excessive decrease or an excessive increase in the blood potassium level.
- the ion sensor of the present invention has reduced potential variation and is an ion sensor that requires less calibration (can be calibration-free), so measurements by hyperkalemia patients (usually calibration It is particularly suitable as a potassium ion sensor to be used for such complicated and specialized work as is difficult).
- Fig. 16 shows an example of using the ion sensor J of the present invention.
- Ion concentration is measured by setting an ion sensor J, in which an ion selective electrode D and a reference electrode E are arranged on an insulator F, to a separately prepared potentiometer G, as shown on the right side of FIG. can be done.
- the connection terminal K of the ion sensor J to the connection terminal in the potentiometer G and bringing the tip L of the ion sensor J connected to the potentiometer G into contact with the blood, the blood flows into the flow path M It is sucked through by capillary action.
- the aspirated blood contacts the ion-selective electrode D and the reference electrode E, the potential difference is measured by the potentiometer G, and the ion concentration is calculated. Note that the ion sensor J can be discarded after measurement as a disposable ion sensor.
- a method for manufacturing an ion sensor provides an ion-selective electrode comprising, on an insulator, a first internal solid layer containing a first insertion material and a first ion-conductive ceramics, and an ion-selective membrane. forming on the insulator a reference electrode comprising a second internal solid layer containing a second insertion material and a second ion-conducting ceramic, and an ionic liquid-containing membrane. and a method for manufacturing an ion sensor.
- the method of forming the electrodes is not particularly limited.
- the electrode can be manufactured by a method comprising forming an ionic liquid containing membrane.
- the method of forming the internal solid layer is not particularly limited.
- a composition containing an insertion material and an ion-conductive ceramic (preferably in a mixed state) is formed on an insulator (or on an electrode material formed on the insulator) and dried to form an internal A solid layer can be formed.
- Electrostatic coating, coating with a dispenser, screen printing, sputtering, vapor deposition, hot pressing, etc. can be used as the film forming method, and the adhesiveness between the insertion material and the ion-conducting ceramics can be enhanced. From this point of view, electrostatic coating is preferred.
- a method for forming other layers such as an ion-selective membrane and an ionic liquid-containing membrane, a method according to the above can be adopted. That is, it can be formed by forming a film of a composition (paste, solution, etc.) containing each component constituting the layer on the internal solid layer and drying the layer.
- a composition paste, solution, etc.
- the present invention is a method for measuring ions using the ion sensor of the present invention, comprising a step of bringing a sample into contact with an ion-selective electrode and a reference electrode, and a potential between the ion-selective electrode and the reference electrode.
- a method for measuring ions in this specification, may be referred to as the “measurement method of the present invention”, which includes the step of measuring
- the sample is an object to be measured for ions, and is not particularly limited as long as it can contain ions, and can be liquid, semi-solid, or the like.
- Samples include, for example, body fluids or substances that retain body fluids.
- Body fluids include, for example, whole blood, serum, plasma, menstrual blood, saliva, urine, interstitial fluid, sweat, tears, saliva, and the like. Examples of other samples include food and drink.
- the potential can be measured according to or according to a known method.
- a potentiometer G can be placed between an ion-selective electrode D and a reference electrode E via a lead H to measure the potential.
- the potential measurement is performed while the sample I is in contact with the ion-selective electrode D and the reference electrode E.
- the ion concentration in the sample I can be calculated based on the obtained measured values.
- the step of contacting the sample can include supplying the sample onto the ion sensor.
- the sample is placed at the position where the ion-selective electrode is placed, and the reference electrode is placed. It is preferable to flow toward the position In the present invention, the sample is first brought into contact with the ion-selective electrode, and then the sample can also be brought into contact with the reference electrode by flowing the sample from the ion-selective electrode in the direction of the reference electrode.
- the dynamics of sample flow is not particularly limited as long as it does not significantly affect potential measurement, and examples thereof include capillary action, gravity, and the like.
- the ion sensor of the present invention has reduced potential variation and is an ion sensor requiring less calibration (calibration-free is also possible), the measurement method of the present invention using this is highly effective. It is particularly suitable for self-monitoring of blood potassium levels by kalemia patients.
- Example 1 Structure of Ion Sensor and Manufacturing Method The structure of the ion sensor will be described with reference to FIGS.
- FIG. 1(A) shows a plan view of the ion sensor obtained in Example 1
- FIG. 1(B) shows a cross-sectional view of the ion sensor along line 1B-1B' in FIG. 1(A). showing.
- an ion-selective electrode 52 and a reference electrode 51 are arranged at positions facing each other in concave portions 112 and 111 formed on the same side of an alumina substrate 11, which is an insulator.
- the ion-selective electrode 52 has a structure in which a platinum electrode 22, an internal solid layer 32, and an ion-selective film 42 are arranged on the alumina substrate 11 in this order from the alumina substrate 11 side.
- the reference electrode 51 has a structure in which a platinum electrode 21, an internal solid layer 31, and an ionic liquid containing film 41 are arranged on the alumina substrate 11 in this order from the alumina substrate 11 side.
- the platinum electrodes 21, 22 are embedded in the recesses 111, 112 and have a circular diameter of 1.7 mm ( ⁇ 1.7 mm) when viewed from above.
- the ion selective membrane 42 is arranged on the alumina substrate 11 so as to cover the top and side surfaces of the internal solid layer 32 .
- the ionic liquid containing film 41 is arranged on the alumina substrate 11 so as to cover the upper and side surfaces of the internal solid layer 31 .
- the distance between the inner edge 62 of the ion selective electrode 52 and the inner edge 61 of the reference electrode 51 is 5.6 mm.
- the total thickness of the inner solid layer 32 (about 15 ⁇ m thick) and the ion selective membrane 42 (about 15 ⁇ m thick) is about 30 ⁇ m, and the inner solid layer 31 (about 15 ⁇ m thick) and the ionic liquid containing membrane 41 (about 15 ⁇ m thick) 15 ⁇ m), the total thickness is about 30 ⁇ m.
- the concave portions 112 and 111 are formed on the same surface side of the alumina substrate 11, fabrication according to the shapes of the ion selective electrode 52 and the reference electrode 51 is facilitated.
- the ion selective electrode 52 and the reference electrode 51 may be arranged on the alumina substrate 11 in which the concave portions 112 and 111 are not formed.
- Insertion material Na 0.33 MnO 2 (orthogonal crystal structure, average grain size 8.9 ⁇ m, scale-like)
- ion conductive ceramics ⁇ ” alumina: Na 2 Al 10.6 O 15.9 , average grain size 0.26 ⁇ m
- electrical conductivity Agent acetylene black
- binding agent polyvinylidene fluoride
- ionophore valinomycin
- a plasticizer tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate
- an anion scavenger tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)potassium borate
- a binder resin polyvinyl chloride
- an ionic liquid [TBMOEP + ][C 1 C 1 N - ]: tributyl (2-methoxyethyl) phosphonium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide
- a plasticizer phosphorus
- a tetrahydrofuran solution containing 64 parts by mass of tris(2-ethylhexyl) acid and 32 parts by mass of a polymer compound for gelling (polyvinyl chloride) is layered and dried to obtain an ion as an ionic liquid-containing membrane.
- a liquid containing membrane 41 is formed to obtain a reference electrode 51 .
- the cross-sectional morphology of the reference electrode 51 was analyzed with a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM, S-4800, Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS, XFlash 6130, Bruker AXS).
- FE-SEM field emission scanning electron microscope
- EDS energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
- FIG. 2 shows a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of the reference electrode 51 and an elemental distribution map of the SEM image obtained using an Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDS).
- SEM Scanning Electron Microscope
- ⁇ ′′ alumina as an ion conductive ceramic 34
- tris phosphate (2-ethyl to xyl) is shown by the elemental distribution of P
- polyvinyl chloride, a polymer compound for gelling is shown by the elemental distribution of Cl.
- Example 2 Potential difference measurement by ion sensor 1
- the ion-selective electrode 52 and the reference electrode 51 are connected via a potentiometer 75
- the ion-selective electrode 52 and the Ag/AgCl reference electrode 78, and the reference electrode 51 and the Ag A /AgCl reference electrode 78 was also connected via potentiometers 752 and 751 to measure the potential.
- the potential (E) between the ion selective electrode 52 and the reference electrode 51 is the ion selective electrode
- E R and E W were each measured against Ag/AgCl 2 reference electrode 78 .
- drop the sample solution onto a dry sensor that has not been subjected to prior conditioning contacting the electrode with a solution containing the ions to be measured (potassium ions) for a certain period of time) for 50 to 60 seconds for 110 to 60 seconds.
- the sample liquids for KCl measurements contained KCl 1, 10, 100 mmol dm -3 and 140 mmol dm -3 of NaCl electrolyte.
- For serum measurement purchase serum standard solutions (JCTCM 130-4) Low (L), Middle (M), and High (H), mix L and M, M and H, and prepare samples with other concentration levels. prepared. Table 1 shows each ion concentration of serum samples.
- Example 3 Potential difference measurement by ion sensor 2
- the ion sensor 1 (Example 1) and the ion sensor having the same configuration as the ion sensor 1 (Example 1) except that the reference electrode 51 is not provided 2 (Fig. 5) was prepared.
- the open circuit potential of the ion-selective electrode of each of ion sensor 1 and ion sensor 2 was measured for 3 minutes against Ag/AgCl reference electrode 78 in the same manner as in Example 2 (FIG. 3) to obtain a calibration curve, It was evaluated whether parameters such as slope, standard potential, selectivity (Kpot K + , Na + ) were different between the two.
- Table 4 shows the results. Table 4 shows three ion sensors 2 without the reference electrode 51 and three ion sensors 1 with the reference electrode 51, respectively, and individually determined for the two types of ion sensors: 1) slope, 2) standard potential and 3) the mean and standard deviation of selectivity coefficients (mean ⁇ standard deviation).
- the K+ concentration of the sample solution is 1, 10, and 100 mmol dm 3 for the KCl solution containing 140 mmol dm 3 of NaCl. did.
- Example 4 Potential difference measurement with ion sensor 3
- ion sensor 1 Example 1 was used to measure the KCl solution only once, and the calibration curve obtained. Three ion sensors 1 were used for each solution, for a total of 15 ion sensors 1. These 15 ion sensors 1 were produced independently by the same method.
- FIG. 6(a) shows the calibration curve of the ion-selective electrode 52 with respect to the reference electrode 51 when measuring the KCl solution.
- Non-Patent Document 1 using an all-solid-state ion sensor, the potential variation (standard deviation) was 4.3 mV when a KCl solution was measured without electrode conditioning (the electrode was immersed in a 1 mM KCl solution for 24 hours). (1) in Fig. 6(c). In addition, when the KCl solution was measured after conditioning (the electrode was immersed in a 1 mM KCl solution for 24 hours), the potential variation (standard deviation) was 14 mV, and the variation increased. In addition, 42 CFR ⁇ 493.931 - Routine chemistry, which is a federal regulation of the United States, permits a potential variation (standard deviation) of 2.3 mV in the case of potassium ion measurement ((2) in Fig. 6(c)).
- the standard deviation of the potential (0.4-1.3 mV) in this example is less than the allowable value of US Federal Regulation 42 CFR ⁇ 493.931-Routine chemistry, and the standard deviation of the prior art of all-solid-state ion sensors (Fig. 6(b)).
- Example 5 Potentiometric measurement with an ion sensor 4 The performance of Ion Sensor 1 (Example 1) was tested with blood serum samples. A series of serum samples with different concentrations of K + , Na + , Cl ⁇ were prepared (Table 1).
- FIG. 7(a) A calibration curve of the ion sensor 1 for serum samples is shown in FIG. 7(a). Using the same ion sensor 1 as in Example 1, the relationship between the potential value E of the ion-selective electrode 52 and the reference electrode 51 was measured. The slope of the response for serum samples was 51.7 mV/decade, not significantly different from the observed slope of 51.2 mV/decade in the range of KCl 1-10 mmol dm ⁇ 3 .
- Non-Patent Document 1 when measuring 10% serum using an all-solid-state ion sensor without electrode conditioning (electrodes immersed in 1 mM KCl solution for 24 hours), the potential variation (standard deviation) is 4.4 mV. (1) in Fig. 7(c).
- the variation (standard deviation) of the potential when 10% serum was measured after conditioning was 19 mV, and the variation was expanded.
- 42 CFR ⁇ 493.931 - Routine chemistry which is a federal regulation of the United States, permits a potential variation (standard deviation) of 2.3 mV in the case of potassium ion measurement ((2) in Fig. 7(c)).
- Example 6 Potentiometric measurement with a potassium ion sensor 5 Using the ion sensor 3 (Example 6) in which the ionic liquid-containing film 43 of 70% by mass of the ionic liquid is further laminated on the ionic liquid-containing film 41 of the ion sensor 1 (Example 1), the system shown in FIG. measurements were taken. Specifically, the reference electrode 51 and the Ag/AgCl reference electrode 78 were connected via a potentiometer 75, and the potential was measured.
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、第1のインサーション材料及び第1のイオン伝導性セラミックスを含有する第1の内部固体層と、第1の内部固体層上に配置されたイオン選択膜と、を含むイオン選択性電極と、第2のインサーション材料及び第2のイオン伝導性セラミックスを含有する第2の内部固体層と、第2の内部固体層上に配置されたイオン液体含有膜と、を含む参照電極と、イオン選択性電極及び参照電極が配置された絶縁体と、を含むイオンセンサ(本明細書において、「本発明のイオンセンサ」と示すこともある。)に関する。以下に、これについて説明する。
本発明は、絶縁体上に、第1のインサーション材料及び第1のイオン伝導性セラミックスを含有する第1の内部固体層と、イオン選択膜と、を含むイオン選択性電極を形成する工程と、絶縁体上に、第2のインサーション材料及び第2のイオン伝導性セラミックスを含有する第2の内部固体層と、イオン液体含有膜と、を含む参照電極を形成する工程と、を含む、イオンセンサの製造方法、に関する。
本発明は、本発明のイオンセンサを用いたイオンの測定方法であって、イオン選択性電極と参照電極に試料を接触させる工程と、イオン選択性電極と参照電極との間の電位を測定する工程と、を含む、イオンの測定方法(本明細書において、「本発明の測定方法」と示すこともある。)に関する。
図1(A)、(B)を用いてイオンセンサの構造について説明する。図1(A)は、実施例1で得られたイオンセンサの平面図を示しており、図1(B)は図1(A)の1B-1B´線に沿ったイオンセンサの断面図を示している。イオンセンサ1は、絶縁体であるアルミナ基板11の同一面側に形成された凹部112、111のそれぞれ対向する位置に、イオン選択性電極52及び参照電極51が配置されている。イオン選択性電極52は、アルミナ基板11に近い方から順に、白金電極22、内部固体層32、イオン選択膜42がアルミナ基板11上に配置された構造である。参照電極51は、アルミナ基板11に近い方から順に、白金電極21、内部固体層31、イオン液体含有膜41がアルミナ基板11上に配置された構造である。白金電極21、22は、凹部111、112に埋め込まれており、上面視で円形状の直径1.7mm(φ1.7mm)を有している。イオン選択膜42は、内部固体層32の上面及び側面を覆うようにアルミナ基板11上に配置されている。イオン液体含有膜41は、内部固体層31の上面及び側面を覆うようにアルミナ基板11上に配置されている。イオン選択性電極52の内側端部62と参照電極51の内側端部61との間の距離は5.6mmである。内部固体層32(厚さ約15μm)とイオン選択膜42(厚さ約15μm)の総厚さは約30μmであり、内部固体層31(厚さ約15μm)とイオン液体含有膜41(厚さ約15μm)の総厚さは約30μmである。アルミナ基板11の同一面側に凹部112、111を形成した場合には、イオン選択性電極52及び参照電極51の形状に応じた作製が容易となる。なお、イオンセンサ1は、凹部112、111が形成されていないアルミナ基板11に、イオン選択性電極52及び参照電極51が配置されていてもよい。
イオンセンサ1(実施例1)のイオン選択性電極52及び参照電極51それぞれの開放回路電位を、図3に示すようにして、Ag/AgCl参照電極78(飽和KCl、ダブルジャンクションNaCl 140 mmol dm-3)に対して3分間測定した。具体的には、イオン選択性電極52と参照電極51との間が電位差計75を介して接続させ、さらにイオン選択性電極52とAg/AgCl参照電極78との間、及び参照電極51とAg/AgCl参照電極78との間も電位差計752、751を介して接続させ、電位を測定した。イオン選択性電極52及び参照電極51をアルミナ基板11の同一面上に集積したイオンセンサ1の評価において、イオン選択性電極52と参照電極51との間の電位(E)は、イオン選択性電極52の電位(EW)から参照電極51の電位(ER)を差し引いて算出し、ERとEWはそれぞれAg/AgCl 参照電極78との間で測定した。各測定において、事前のコンディショニング(測定対象イオン(カリウムイオン)が含まれる溶液に電極を一定時間接触させる作業)を行っていない乾燥状態のセンサに試料溶液を滴下し、50~60秒、110~120秒、170~180秒の平均値を、それぞれ1分、2分、3分の測定値として測定した。KCl測定用のサンプル液には、KCl 1, 10, 100 mmol dm-3および140 mmol dm-3のNaCl電解質が含まれていた。血清測定には、血清標準液(JCTCM 130-4)Low(L)、Middle(M)、High(H)を購入し、LとM、MとHを混合して他の濃度レベルの試料を調製した。表1に、血清サンプルの各イオン濃度を示す。
イオンセンサ1の電極間距離5.6mmの妥当性を評価するために、イオンセンサ1(実施例1)と、参照電極51を備えない以外はイオンセンサ1(実施例1)と同じ構成のイオンセンサ2(図5)を用意した。イオンセンサ1及びイオンセンサ2それぞれのイオン選択性電極の開放回路電位を、実施例2(図3)と同様にしてAg/AgCl参照電極78に対して3分間測定し、検量線を得て、傾き、標準電位、選択性(Kpot K+,Na+)などのパラメータが両者で異なるかどうかを評価した。
イオンセンサ1(実施例1)がディスポ―ザブルセンサーとして、キャリブレーションフリー測定が可能かどうか確認するために、イオンセンサ1(実施例1)1つで1回のみKCl溶液を測定し、検量線を取得した。溶液毎に3つずつのイオンセンサ1を使用し、合計15個のイオンセンサ1を使用した。これら15個のイオンセンサ1は、同じ方法でそれぞれ独立して作製されたものであった。
イオンセンサ1(実施例1)の性能を血液の血清サンプルでテストした。K+, Na+, Cl-の濃度が異なる一連の血清サンプルを用意した(表1)。
イオンセンサ1(実施例1)のイオン液体含有膜41上に、さらにイオン液体70質量%のイオン液体含有膜43を積層したイオンセンサ3(実施例6)を用いて、図8で示す系にて測定を行った。具体的には、参照電極51とAg/AgCl参照電極78とを電位差計75を介して接続させ、電位を測定した。
2 イオンセンサ
11 アルミナ基板
111 凹部
112 凹部
21 白金電極
22 白金電極
31 内部固体層
32 内部固体層
41 イオン液体含有膜
42 イオン選択膜
43 イオン液体70質量%のイオン液体含有膜
51 参照電極
52 イオン選択性電極
61 端部
62 端部
71 Ag/AgCl
72 飽和KCl溶液
73 140mm dm-3 NaCl溶液
74 試料溶液
75 電位差計
751 電位差計
752 電位差計
76 導線
78 Ag/AgCl参照電極
A 内部固体層
B 電極材
C1 イオン選択膜
C2 イオン液体含有膜
D イオン選択性電極
E 参照電極
F 絶縁体
G 電位差計
H 導線
I 試料溶液
J イオンセンサ
K 接続端子
L 先端
M 流路
Claims (25)
- 第1のインサーション材料及び第1のイオン伝導性セラミックスを含有する第1の内部固体層と、前記第1の内部固体層上に配置されたイオン選択膜と、を含むイオン選択性電極と、
第2のインサーション材料及び第2のイオン伝導性セラミックスを含有する第2の内部固体層と、前記第2の内部固体層上に配置されたイオン液体含有膜と、を含む参照電極と、 前記イオン選択性電極及び前記参照電極が配置された絶縁体と、を含むイオンセンサ。 - 前記第1のイオン伝導性セラミックス及び前記第2のイオン伝導性セラミックスは、カリウムイオン伝導性セラミックス、ナトリウムイオン伝導性セラミックス、又はリチウムイオン伝導性セラミックスである、請求項1に記載のイオンセンサ。
- 前記第1のイオン伝導性セラミック及び前記第2のイオン伝導性セラミックは、β”アルミナ又はβアルミナである、請求項1又は2に記載のイオンセンサ。
- 前記第1のインサーション材料及び前記第2のインサーション材料は、金属酸化物、酸素レドックス材料、又はプルシアンブルー類似体である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のイオンセンサ。
- 前記第1のインサーション材料及び前記第2のインサーション材料は、イオン-電子伝導体である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のイオンセンサ。
- 前記第1のインサーション材料及び前記第2のインサーション材料は、カリウムイオン、ナトリウムイオン、又はリチウムイオンに対するイオン-電子伝導体である、請求項5に記載のイオンセンサ。
- 前記第1のインサーション材料及び前記第2のインサーション材料は、金属酸化物である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のイオンセンサ。
- 前記金属酸化物は、MxMnO2(MはNa又はKを示し、xは任意の正数を示す。)である、請求項7に記載のイオンセンサ。
- 前記xは、0.2~0.5である、請求項8に記載のイオンセンサ。
- 前記イオン選択性電極及び前記参照電極は、電極材を含む、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載のイオンセンサ。
- 前記第1のインサーション材料、前記第2のインサーション材料、前記第1のイオン伝導性セラミックス及び前記第2のイオン伝導性セラミックスは、粒子である、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載のイオンセンサ。
- 前記第1のイオン伝導性セラミックスの平均粒径は、前記第1のインサーション材料の平均粒径より小さく、且つ前記第2のイオン伝導性セラミックスの平均粒径は、前記第2のインサーション材料の平均粒径より小さい、請求項11に記載のイオンセンサ。
- 前記第1のインサーション材料と前記第1のイオン伝導性セラミックスとの質量比及び前記第2のインサーション材料と前記第2のイオン伝導性セラミックスの質量比は、2:1~1:2である、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載のイオンセンサ。
- 前記第1の内部固体層及び前記第2の内部固体層は、結着剤及び導電剤を含有する、請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載のイオンセンサ。
- 前記結着剤は、
(a)ポリフッ化ビニリデン、
(b)スチレンブタジエンラテックス及びカルボキシメチルセルロースを含有する混合剤、
(c)ポリアミド、ポリイミド、及びカルボジイミドを含有する混合剤、
(d)ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、又は
(e)アクリルエマルジョンである、請求項14に記載のイオンセンサ。 - 前記導電剤は、カーボンブラック、アセチレンブラック、ケッチェンブラック、カーボンナノチューブ、グラフェン、カーボン粉末、又はグラファイト粉末である、請求項14又は15に記載のイオンセンサ。
- 前記イオン選択膜は、イオノフォアを含有する、請求項1~16のいずれか一項に記載のイオンセンサ。
- 前記イオン液体含有膜は、イオン液体を含有するゲル膜である、請求項1~17のいずれか一項に記載のイオンセンサ。
- 前記第1の内部固体層の組成と前記第2の内部固体層の組成は、実質的に同じである、請求項1~18のいずれか一項に記載のイオンセンサ。
- 前記イオン選択性電極及び前記参照電極は、前記絶縁体の同一面側に配置されている、請求項1~19のいずれか一項に記載のイオンセンサ。
- 絶縁体上に、第1のインサーション材料及び第1のイオン伝導性セラミックスを含有する第1の内部固体層と、イオン選択膜と、を含むイオン選択性電極を形成する工程と、
前記絶縁体上に、第2のインサーション材料及び第2のイオン伝導性セラミックスを含有する第2の内部固体層と、イオン液体含有膜と、を含む参照電極を形成する工程と、を含む、イオンセンサの製造方法。 - 前記第1の内部固体層及び前記第2の内部固体層の形成方法は、静電塗布である、請求項21に記載の製造方法。
- 請求項1~22のいずれかに記載のイオンセンサを用いたイオンの測定方法であって、 前記イオン選択性電極と前記参照電極に試料を接触させる工程と、
前記イオン選択性電極と前記参照電極との間の電位を測定する工程と、を含む、イオンの測定方法。 - 前記試料を接触させる工程において、前記試料をイオンセンサ上に供給する、請求項23に記載のイオンの測定方法。
- 前記試料を接触させる工程において、前記試料を前記イオン選択性電極が配置された位置から前記参照電極が配置された位置に向かって流動させる、請求項23に記載のイオンの測定方法。
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| CN202280046173.XA CN117642626A (zh) | 2021-07-02 | 2022-03-29 | 离子传感器、离子传感器的制造方法和离子的测定方法 |
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