WO2021140933A1 - 電極、電極の製造方法、イオンセンサ、生体内成分測定装置及び生体内成分測定方法 - Google Patents
電極、電極の製造方法、イオンセンサ、生体内成分測定装置及び生体内成分測定方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021140933A1 WO2021140933A1 PCT/JP2020/048407 JP2020048407W WO2021140933A1 WO 2021140933 A1 WO2021140933 A1 WO 2021140933A1 JP 2020048407 W JP2020048407 W JP 2020048407W WO 2021140933 A1 WO2021140933 A1 WO 2021140933A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
- G01N27/333—Ion-selective electrodes or membranes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
- G01N27/333—Ion-selective electrodes or membranes
- G01N27/3335—Ion-selective electrodes or membranes the membrane containing at least one organic component
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
- G01N27/301—Reference electrodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrode, a method for manufacturing an electrode, an ion sensor, an in-vivo component measuring device, and an in-vivo component measuring method.
- All-solid-state ion-selective electrodes and ion sensors using them are known.
- all solids using insertion materials Na 0.33 MnO 2 , Li a FePO 4 , K b MnO 2 ⁇ mH 2 O
- a type ion-selective electrode is disclosed. This is an internal solid layer formed by mixing Na 0.33 MnO 2 , Li a FePO 4 , or K b MnO 2 ⁇ mH 2 O with a conductive agent (acetylene black) and a binder (PVDF) on a platinum electrode.
- the potential of the conventional electrode of the ion sensor becomes unstable due to repeated use and / or long-term use of the ion sensor, and the potential becomes unstable. I found that would change. This potential instability leads to an increase in the frequency of calibration and an increase in the frequency of electrode replacement. For this reason, the conventional ion sensor is calibrated every time the measurement is performed or every time the measurement is performed a plurality of times at a predetermined time interval. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electrode having higher potential stability for repeated use and / or long-term use in an ion sensor.
- the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved if the electrode contains an internal solid layer containing a metal oxide and a solid electrolyte and an electrode material. ..
- the present inventor has completed the present invention as a result of further research based on this finding.
- the present invention includes the following aspects.
- Item A An electrode containing an internal solid layer containing a metal oxide and a solid electrolyte, and an electrode material.
- Item B A method for producing an electrode, which comprises forming an internal solid layer containing a metal oxide and a solid electrolyte on the electrode material.
- Item C An ion sensor comprising an insulating substrate and the electrode according to item A arranged on the insulating substrate.
- Item D An in vivo component measuring device including the ion sensor according to Item C, which measures the concentration of sodium ions contained in the tissue fluid collected from a subject.
- Item E A method for measuring an in vivo component, which comprises measuring the concentration of sodium ions contained in a tissue fluid collected from a subject by the ion sensor according to Item C.
- an electrode having higher potential stability for repeated use and / or long-term use in an ion sensor.
- (A) is a perspective view when the first cover of the in-vivo component measuring device is in the closed state, and (b) is a perspective view when the first cover is in the open state.
- (A) is an explanatory view showing a schematic configuration of the inside of the in-vivo component measuring device in a side view, and (b) is an explanatory view showing a front view. It is a perspective view of the detection part.
- (A) is a perspective view of a glucose sensor and a sodium ion sensor, and (b) is a side view.
- the arrangement mode of each material in the cross-sectional SEM image of the inner solid layer is shown.
- the arrangement mode of each material in the cross-sectional SEM image of the inner solid layer is shown.
- the potential measurement result of Test Example 1 is shown.
- the horizontal axis shows the Na concentration of the electrolyte solution, and the vertical axis shows the measurement potential.
- the potential measurement result of Test Example 2 is shown.
- the horizontal axis shows the number of times the measurement is repeated, and the vertical axis shows the potential fluctuation (absolute value) from the first measurement potential.
- the potential measurement result of Test Example 3 is shown.
- the horizontal axis shows the mass ratio of the solid electrolyte.
- the vertical axis is a set that measures Na concentration 2 mM solution 6 times, 30 mM solution once, and 2 mM solution once, and 3 sets are carried out in succession. In each set, the potential is stable 2 mM solution.
- the standard deviations of 3 sets of the potentials when the 6th potential of the above is measured are shown.
- the potential measurement result of Test Example 4 is shown.
- “1" indicates the result of the first day
- "3" indicates the result of the third day.
- the vertical axis shows the difference (absolute value) in the measured potentials of the electrolyte solutions of the same concentration obtained at the beginning and the end on each day.
- the potential measurement result of Test Example 5 is shown.
- the horizontal axis shows the Na concentration of the electrolyte solution
- the vertical axis shows the potential difference from the measured potential with a Na concentration of 0.3 mM.
- Example 5 The measurement potential of Example 5 with respect to the Ag / AgCl (internal liquid: saturated KCl) electrode having a commercially available internal liquid in Test Example 5 is shown.
- the potential measurement result of Test Example 6 is shown.
- the vertical axis shows the difference between the measured potential immediately after immersion in the electrolyte solution for one and a half hours and after one and a half hours.
- the potential measurement result of Test Example 7 is shown.
- the vertical axis shows the standard deviation of the potential of the 30 mM solution.
- the potential measurement result of Test Example 8 is shown.
- the horizontal axis shows the K concentration of the electrolyte solution, and the vertical axis shows the measured potential.
- the potential measurement result of Test Example 8' is shown.
- the vertical axis shows the potential volatility of the first measured K1,10,100 mM solution and the last measured K1,10,100 mM solution after 4.8 to 5 hours.
- the potential measurement result of Test Example 9 is shown.
- the vertical axis shows the potential volatility of the first measured K1,10,100 mM solution and the last measured K1,10,100 mM solution after 4.8 to 5 hours.
- the potential measurement result of Test Example 10 is shown.
- the vertical axis shows the standard deviation of the potential of the K10 mM solution.
- the potential measurement result of Test Example 11 is shown.
- the vertical axis shows the difference between the measured potential 1 minute after each electrode is stabilized with K1 mM solution, then immersed in 10 mM solution, 100 mM solution, and 1 mM solution in that order, and the potential at the time of the last measured K1 mM solution measurement. Indicates the absolute value of.
- Electrode In one aspect of the present invention, an electrode containing an internal solid layer containing a metal oxide and a solid electrolyte and an electrode material (sometimes referred to as “the electrode of the present invention” in the present invention). Regarding. This will be described below.
- the metal oxide is not particularly limited as long as it can be used for the electrode of the ion sensor.
- the electrode of the present invention is preferably a metal oxide capable of deinserting and inserting measurement ions in the crystal structure by transferring electrons (ion-). (Electronic conductor) can be used.
- the measurement ion is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include sodium ion, potassium ion, calcium ion, magnesium ion and the like, preferably sodium ion, potassium ion and the like, and particularly preferably sodium ion.
- the metal oxide can be appropriately selected depending on the measurement ion. Specifically, as metal oxides, for example, M x MnO 2 , M x NiO 2 , M x CoO 2 , M x Ni 0.5 Mn 0.5 O 2 , M x FeO 2 , M 2/3 Fe 1/3 Mn 2 / 3 O 2 , M x Ni 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 , M x Ni 0.5 Ti 0.5 O 2 , M x VO 2 , M x CrO 2 , M x FePO 4 (in the formula, M Are independently Na or K, and x indicates an arbitrary positive number.) Etc. can be mentioned. Among these, M x MnO 2 is more preferable, and Na x MnO 2 is particularly preferable.
- X is usually 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.
- x is preferably 0.15 to 0.66, more preferably 0.2 to 0.5, still more preferably 0.22 to 0.28, 0.30 to 0.36, or 0.41 to 0.47, and particularly preferably 0.245 to 0.255, 0.325 to 0.335, or. It is 0.435 to 0.445.
- the crystal structure of the metal oxide is not particularly limited as long as it can be used as an electrode of an ion sensor.
- Examples of the crystal structure include a rectangular crystal structure, a square crystal structure, a trigonal crystal structure, a hexagonal crystal structure, a cubic crystal structure, a triclinic crystal structure, and a monoclinic crystal structure. Among these, a rectangular crystal structure is preferable.
- the form of the metal oxide is not particularly limited, but it is preferably in the form of particles.
- the metal oxide particles have an arbitrary shape such as a lint-like shape, a rod-like shape, a columnar shape, a spherical shape, and an ellipsoidal shape, and are preferably a phosphorus flake-like shape.
- the average particle size of the metal oxide particles is preferably 1 to 20 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 from the viewpoint of enhancing the adhesion between the metal oxide and the solid electrolyte and enhancing the performance as an electrode of the ion sensor. It is ⁇ 15 ⁇ m, more preferably 5-12 ⁇ m.
- the average particle size can be measured with a laser diffraction / scattering type particle size distribution measuring device.
- the metal oxide may be a single type or a combination of two or more types.
- the content of the metal oxide is, for example, 20 to 70% by mass, preferably 25 to 65% by mass, and more preferably 30 to 60% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the internal solid layer.
- the solid electrolyte is not particularly limited as long as it is a solid in which ions can be conducted.
- a solid electrolyte capable of conducting measurement ions can be used.
- ion (measurement ion) conductive ceramics can be used as the solid electrolyte.
- the measurement ion is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include sodium ion, potassium ion, calcium ion, magnesium ion and the like, preferably sodium ion, potassium ion and the like, and particularly preferably sodium ion.
- the solid electrolyte can be appropriately selected according to the measurement ion.
- Specific examples of the solid electrolyte include oxide-based solid electrolytes such as ⁇ "alumina, ⁇ -alumina, perovskite-type oxides, NASICON-type oxides, and garnet-type oxides, sulfide-based solid electrolytes, stabilized zirconia, and ⁇ .
- -Silver iodide, zeolite the zeolite can contain cations such as Na ion, K ion, and H ion inside), etc.
- it has high stability to water and is suitable as an electrode of an ion sensor. From the viewpoint that it can be used, ⁇ "alumina, ⁇ -alumina, zeolite and the like are particularly preferable.
- ⁇ "/ ⁇ -alumina contains a layered structure consisting of an ion conductive layer and a spinel block, and the movement of ions (measured ions) occurs in the ion conductive layer.
- ⁇ " alumina and ⁇ -alumina are different in crystal structure. Of these, ⁇ "alumina has a higher sodium ion content in the crystal structure and has relatively higher ion conductivity.
- ⁇ " / ⁇ -alumina preferably conducts sodium ions.
- the form of the solid electrolyte is not particularly limited, but it is preferably in the form of particles.
- the particles of the solid electrolyte have an arbitrary shape such as a lint-like shape, a rod-like shape, a columnar shape, a spherical shape, and an ellipsoidal shape.
- the average particle size of the particles of the solid electrolyte is preferably 0.02 from the viewpoint that the adhesion between the metal oxide and the solid electrolyte can be enhanced and the performance as an electrode of the ion sensor can be enhanced. It is ⁇ 3 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.1 to 1 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 0.15 to 0.5 ⁇ m. From the same viewpoint, the average particle size of the particles of the solid electrolyte is preferably 0.02 to 7, more preferably 0.05 to 5, still more preferably 0.1 to 3 ⁇ m in another aspect of the present invention. The average particle size can be measured with a laser diffraction / scattering type particle size distribution measuring device.
- the average particle size of the solid electrolyte is smaller than the average particle size of the metal oxide.
- the average particle size of the solid electrolyte is, for example, 0.1 to 30, preferably 0.5 to 10, and more preferably 1 to 5 with respect to the average particle size of the metal oxide of 100. Is.
- the average particle size of the solid electrolyte is, for example, 0.1 to 70, preferably 0.5 to 60, and more preferably 1 to 5 with respect to the average particle size of the metal oxide of 100.
- the solid electrolyte may be one type alone or a combination of two or more types.
- the content of the solid electrolyte is, for example, 15 to 70% by mass, preferably 20 to 65% by mass, and more preferably 25 to 60% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the internal solid layer.
- the mass ratio of the metal oxide to the solid electrolyte (metal oxide: solid electrolyte) in the inner solid layer is, for example, 5: 1 to 1: 5, preferably 2: 1 to 1: 2, and more preferably 1.5: 1 to. It is 1: 1.5, more preferably 1.2: 1 to 1: 1.2, and even more preferably 1.1: 1 to 1: 1.1.
- the inner solid layer preferably contains a conductive agent.
- the conductive agent is not particularly limited, but for example, carbon materials such as carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon powder, and graphite powder, conductive fibers such as metal fibers, carbon fluoride, and the like.
- Metal powders such as aluminum, conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate, conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide, organic conductive materials such as phenylene derivatives and graphene derivatives can be used.
- a carbon material is preferable.
- the conductive agent may be a single type or a combination of two or more types.
- the content of the conductive agent is, for example, 0.1 to 20% by mass, preferably 1 to 15% by mass, and more preferably 2 to 10% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the internal solid layer.
- the mass ratio of the metal oxide (or solid electrolyte) to the conductive agent in the inner solid layer (metal oxide (or solid electrolyte): conductive agent) is, for example, 20: 1 to 1: 1, preferably 15: 1 to 3. : 1, more preferably 10: 1 to 6: 1.
- the inner solid layer preferably contains a binder. Thereby, each component in the inner solid layer can be bound more firmly.
- the binder is not particularly limited, and for example, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, aramid resin, polyamide, polyimide, polyamideimide, polyacrylic nitrile, polyacrylic acid, and methyl polyacrylate.
- esters Polyacrylic Acid Ethyl Estel, Polyacrylic Acid Hexyl Estel, Polymethacrylic Acid, Polymethacrylic Acid Methyl Estel, Polymethacrylic Acid Ethyl ester, Polymethacrylic Acid Hexyl Estel, Acrylic Emulsion, Polyvinyl Acetate, Polypolypyrrolidone, Polyether, Poly Polymers such as ether sulfone, hexafluoropolypropylene, styrene butadiene rubber, and carboxymethyl cellulose, similar compounds having a skeleton similar to these polymers, and composite agents composed of a plurality of polymers can be used.
- a mixture containing polyvinylidene fluoride, styrene-butadiene latex and carboxymethyl cellulose (SBR / CMC), a mixture containing polyamideimide and carbodiimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, an acrylic emulsion and the like can be mentioned.
- Polyvinylidene fluoride is preferable.
- the binder may be one type alone or a combination of two or more types.
- the content of the binder is, for example, 0.1 to 20% by mass, preferably 1 to 15% by mass, and more preferably 2 to 10% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the internal solid layer.
- the mass ratio of the metal oxide (or solid electrolyte) to the binder (metal oxide (or solid electrolyte): binder) in the inner solid layer is, for example, 20: 1 to 1: 1, preferably 15: 1. It is ⁇ 3: 1, more preferably 10: 1 ⁇ 6: 1.
- the inner solid layer may contain components other than the above.
- other components include raw materials for producing solid electrolytes and metal oxides, such as MnCO 3 , Na 2 CO 3 , Al 2 O 3 and the like.
- the total content of the metal oxide and the solid electrolyte in the inner solid layer is based on 100% by mass of the inner solid layer. For example, it is 70 to 100% by mass, preferably 80 to 100% by mass, more preferably 90 to 100% by mass, still more preferably 95 to 100% by mass, and even more preferably 99 to 100% by mass.
- the layer structure of the internal solid layer is not particularly limited.
- the inner solid layer may have a single-layer structure composed of one layer having a single composition, or may have a multi-layer structure composed of a plurality of layers having the same or different compositions from each other.
- the thickness of the inner solid layer is not particularly limited as long as the conductivity is not significantly impaired.
- the thickness is, for example, 1 to 200 ⁇ m. From the viewpoint of production efficiency, production cost, and the like, the thickness is preferably 1 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 to 50 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 1 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the electrode material is not particularly limited as long as it contains a conductive material.
- Conductive materials include metals such as platinum, gold, silver, copper, carbon, palladium, chromium, aluminum and nickel, alloys containing at least one of these metals, and metal halides such as chlorides of these metals. And so on. Among these, platinum, gold, silver, palladium, aluminum, nickel, carbon and the like are preferable.
- the conductive material may be one kind alone or a combination of two or more kinds.
- the content of the conductive material is, for example, 70 to 100% by mass, preferably 85 to 100% by mass, and more preferably 95 to 100% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the electrode material.
- the shape of the electrode material is not particularly limited, but it is usually flat.
- the layer structure of the electrode material is not particularly limited.
- the electrode material may have a single-layer structure composed of one layer having a single composition, or may have a multi-layer structure composed of a plurality of layers having the same or different compositions from each other.
- the thickness of the electrode material is not particularly limited as long as the conductivity is not significantly impaired.
- the thickness is, for example, 1 to 10 ⁇ m. From the viewpoint of manufacturing efficiency, manufacturing cost, etc., the thickness is preferably 1 to 5 ⁇ m.
- an internal solid layer is usually arranged directly on the electrode material or via another layer.
- the internal solid layer is arranged directly on the electrode material.
- An embodiment of the electrode of the present invention is shown in FIG. In the electrode, it is preferable that, for example, the internal solid layer is arranged so as to cover the side surface of the electrode material, and a side wall is provided so that the electrode material is not exposed.
- the electrode of the present invention can be preferably used as an ion-selective electrode, a reference electrode, or the like.
- the electrode of the present invention When the electrode of the present invention is used as an ion-selective electrode, it is preferable that the electrode of the present invention further contains an ion-selective membrane.
- the ion-selective membrane contains an ion-selective substance.
- ion-selective substance conventionally known ionophores or synthetic substances can be widely used.
- the ion-selective substance can be selected according to the measurement ion.
- Ionophore is preferably used as the ion-selective substance.
- examples of ionophores include valinomycin, monesin, rhodopsin, nonactin, monactin, ionomycin, grammicidin A, nigericin, CCCP (carbonyl cyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone), and FCCP (carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone). Can be mentioned.
- Examples of synthetic substances include crown ethers (a group of macrocyclic polyethers) and acyclic nonylphenoxypolyethanol.
- the ion-selective substance may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Specific examples of the ion-selective substance include DD16C5, Bis-12Crown-4, 12-Crown-4, 15-Crown-5, 18-Crown-6, and Carex Allen.
- the ion selection membrane usually contains a binder resin.
- the binder resin is not particularly limited. Specifically, the binder resin is polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate, silicon elastomer, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose ester, polycarbonate, vinyl chloride / vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride / acetic acid. Examples thereof include vinyl / vinyl alcohol copolymers and vinyl chloride / vinylidene chloride copolymers.
- the binder resin may be a single type or a combination of two or more types.
- the ion selection membrane preferably contains a plasticizer. Since the flexibility of the ion-selective membrane is increased by the plasticizer, for example, the occurrence of cracks in the ion-selective membrane can be suppressed.
- the plasticizer is not particularly limited, but is, for example, TEHP (tris phosphate (2-ethylhexyl)), NPOE (2-nitrophenyl octyl ether), DOP (dioctyl phthalate), DOS (dioctyl sebacate), DBE (di). Basic acid ester), BA (butyl acrylate) and the like.
- the plasticizer may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the ion selection membrane preferably contains an anion eliminator.
- the anion exclusion agent can be selected according to the measurement ion. Examples of anion exclusion agents include tetrakis (4-chlorophenyl) sodium borate (Na-TCPB), tetrakis (4-chlorophenyl) potassium borate (K-TCPB), and tetrakis [3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl.
- Na-TFPB sodium borate
- K-TFPB potassium tetraphenylborate
- K-TPB potassium tetraphenylborate
- sodium tetraphenylborate examples thereof include tetraphenylborate salts such as Na-TPB) and tetrakis [3,5-bis (1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-methoxy-2-propyl) phenyl] sodium borate.
- the anion exclusion agent may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the above components is not particularly limited as long as the ion selection membrane can function.
- the content of the ion-selective film with respect to 100% by mass is, for example, 3 to 10% by mass for the ion-selective substance, 15 to 45% by mass for the binder resin, 50 to 80% by mass for the plasticizer, and 1 to 1 to 80% for the anion exclusion agent. 5% by mass.
- the layer structure of the ion selection membrane is not particularly limited.
- the ion-selective membrane may have a single-layer structure composed of one layer having a single composition, or may have a multi-layer structure composed of a plurality of layers having the same or different compositions from each other.
- the thickness of the ion selection membrane is not particularly limited.
- the thickness is, for example, 50 to 300 ⁇ m.
- the use of the ion selection membrane is not particularly limited, and is, for example, a cation selection membrane such as sodium ion and potassium ion.
- the ion selection membrane is placed on the inner solid layer.
- the ion selective membrane is placed directly on the inner solid layer.
- An embodiment of the ion-selective electrode of the present invention is shown in FIG.
- the internal solid layer is arranged so as to cover the side surface of the electrode material, and a side wall is provided so that the electrode material is not exposed.
- the ion-selective film is arranged so as to cover the side surface of the internal solid layer, and a side wall is provided so that the internal solid layer is not exposed.
- the electrode of the present invention is a layer capable of functioning as a salt bridge and suppressing the influence of changes in external ion concentration (referred to as “salt bridge layer” in the present specification). In some cases), it is preferable to further include. As such a layer, an ionic liquid gel film can be preferably adopted.
- the ionic liquid is not particularly limited, but for example, the cation is at least one of an imidazolium cation, a pyridinium cation, a piperidinium cation, a pyrrolidinium cation, a quaternary ammonium cation, a phosphonium cation, or an arzonium cation.
- the cations are [R 1 SO 2 NSO 2 R 2 ]-(R 1 and R 2 are perfluoroalkyl groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, respectively), and borate ions containing fluorine and tetravalent boron.
- the method for gelling the hydrophobic ionic liquid is not particularly limited, but gelation can be performed using a polymer compound.
- polymer compounds include vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, polymethylmethacrylate, polyethylmethacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polybutylacrylate, polyvinylpyridine, and organic electrolyte oligomer (main chain cation portion is PICPM).
- Those having a structure, etc.), polyvinyl chloride, other synthetic rubbers, etc. can be mentioned.
- a cross-linking agent may be used together with the polymer, for example, a gelling agent containing a cross-linking agent having a plurality of fluoroalkylated sulfonylamide groups and a polymer compound having a group capable of forming an onium salt with the cross-linking agent. May be used.
- a plasticizer may be used together with the polymer.
- a plasticizer may be mixed with polyvinyl chloride, dried and gelled.
- the plasticizer the same plasticizer as the above-mentioned plasticizer used for the ion selection membrane can be used.
- the layer structure of the salt bridge layer is not particularly limited.
- the layer may have a single-layer structure composed of one layer having a single composition, or may have a multi-layer structure composed of a plurality of layers having the same or different compositions from each other.
- the salt bridge layer is placed on the inner solid layer.
- the salt bridge layer is placed directly on the inner solid layer.
- An embodiment of the reference electrode of the present invention is shown in FIG.
- the internal solid layer is arranged so as to cover the side surface of the electrode material, and the side wall is provided on the side surface so that the electrode material is not exposed.
- the salt bridge layer is arranged so as to cover the side surface of the internal solid layer so that the internal solid layer is not exposed, and a side wall is provided on the side surface.
- the method for manufacturing the electrode of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the electrode of the present invention can be produced by a method including forming an internal solid layer containing a metal oxide and a solid electrolyte on the electrode material.
- an internal solid layer can be formed by forming a composition containing a metal oxide and a solid electrolyte on an electrode material and drying the composition.
- electrostatic coating, coating with a dispenser, screen printing, sputtering, vapor deposition, etc. can be adopted, but from the viewpoint of improving the adhesion between the metal oxide and the solid electrolyte, it is static. Electroless coating is preferred.
- a method for forming other layers such as an ion selection membrane and a salt bridge layer
- a method similar to the above can be adopted. That is, it can be formed by forming a composition (paste, solution, etc.) containing each component constituting the layer on the inner solid layer and drying it.
- the present invention may also be referred to as an ion sensor (in the present specification, "the ion sensor of the present invention") including an insulating substrate and an electrode of the present invention arranged on the insulating substrate. There is.) This will be described below.
- the insulating substrate is not particularly limited as long as it contains an insulating material that does not affect the conductivity of the electrode.
- the insulating material include polyester resins such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, and polybutylene naphthalate; polyimide; glass epoxy resin; glass; ceramic; fiber base materials such as paper. Be done.
- the ion sensor of the present invention includes the electrode of the present invention which is an ion selective electrode.
- a schematic cross-sectional view in this case is shown in FIG.
- a reference electrode having an internal liquid, an all-solid-state reference electrode, or the like can be used.
- a reference electrode specifically, for example, an electrode designed so that a constant Cl concentration is maintained on the surface of an Ag / AgCl electrode (for example, a resin film holding a Cl ion is provided), and a book containing a salt bridge layer.
- the electrode of the invention can be used.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the ion sensor of the present invention in the latter case.
- the ion sensor of the present invention includes an electrode of the present invention which is an ion-selective electrode and a reference electrode.
- an electrode of the present invention which is an ion-selective electrode and a reference electrode.
- a schematic cross-sectional view in this case is shown in FIG.
- the ion sensor of the present invention includes an electrode of the present invention which is an ion-selective electrode and an electrode of the present invention which is a reference electrode.
- a schematic cross-sectional view in this case is shown in FIG.
- the ion sensor of the present invention includes other parts such as electrode leads, if necessary.
- An example of a suitable form of the ion sensor of the present invention is shown in FIG.
- the ion sensor of the present invention can preferably be used as a sodium ion sensor.
- the electrode of the ion sensor of the present invention is brought into contact with a measurement object (for example, a tissue fluid collected from a subject, a substance that retains the tissue fluid, etc.), and the potential between the ion-selective electrode and the reference electrode is measured. Therefore, the ion concentration in the measurement object can be calculated based on the obtained measured value.
- a measurement object for example, a tissue fluid collected from a subject, a substance that retains the tissue fluid, etc.
- the in-vivo component measuring device including the ion sensor of the present invention for measuring the sodium ion concentration contained in the tissue fluid collected from a subject.
- “In-vivo component measuring device of the present invention” This will be described below.
- the in-vivo component measuring device of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it includes the ion sensor of the present invention and can measure the ion concentration of sodium ions or the like in the object to be measured.
- the in-vivo component measuring device of the present invention preferably comprises the ion sensor of the present invention, a detection unit, a control means, an operation display unit, and a power source (preferably, a glucose ion sensor and a reagent storage unit. And a liquid feeding unit).
- a power source preferably, a glucose ion sensor and a reagent storage unit.
- a liquid feeding unit a preferred embodiment of the in-vivo component measuring apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 12.
- the in-vivo component measuring device 1 is the amount of the component to be measured contained in the tissue fluid in contact with the installation unit 20 in which the tissue collector 110 that collects the tissue fluid is installed and the tissue fluid collector 110 installed in the installation unit 20.
- the tissue fluid collector 110 and the glucose sensor 21 installed in the installation unit 20 by changing the relative positions of the installation unit 20 and the glucose sensor 21 to a predetermined positional relationship with the glucose sensor 21 that acquires a signal reflecting the above.
- a moving unit 60 to be brought into contact is provided.
- the in-vivo component measuring device 1 acquires a signal reflecting the amount of glucose contained in the tissue fluid by the glucose sensor 21 and measures the glucose concentration in the tissue fluid.
- the in-vivo component measuring device 1 obtains a sodium ion sensor 22 that acquires a signal reflecting the amount of electrolyte contained in the tissue fluid in a state of being in contact with the tissue fluid collector 110 installed in the installation unit 20. Further, the moving unit 60 makes contact between the tissue fluid collector 110 installed in the installation unit 20 and the sodium ion sensor 22 by changing the relative position between the installation unit 20 and the sodium ion sensor 22 to a predetermined positional relationship. By doing so, a signal reflecting the amount of sodium ions contained in the tissue fluid is acquired, and the sodium ion concentration in the tissue fluid is measured.
- the in-vivo component measuring device 1 includes a detection unit 2, a reagent storage unit 3, a liquid feeding unit 4, a control means 5, an operation display unit 6, and a power supply 7. At least they are provided, and these are provided in the housing 10.
- a first cover 11 is provided on the upper part of the front surface of the housing 10 at a position adjacent to the operation display unit 6.
- the first cover 11 is a push-open type cover, and when pushed, the first cover 11 stands up and changes from the closed state shown in FIG. 9 (a) to the open state shown in FIG. 9 (b).
- the installation portion 20 for installing the 110 is exposed.
- a second cover 12 is provided on the upper surface of the housing 10.
- the second cover 12 is also a push-open type cover, and although not shown, the second cover 12 stands up and changes from the closed state to the open state by pushing, and the glucose sensor 21 and the sodium ion sensor of the detection unit 2 described later 22 is exposed.
- a third cover 13 is provided at the lower part of the front surface of the housing 10. When the third cover 13 is opened, various tanks of the reagent storage unit 3 are exposed.
- the detection unit 2 acquires a signal regarding the amount of components (glucose and electrolytes) contained in the tissue fluid collected by the tissue fluid collector 110 and a signal regarding the amount of components (electrolytes) contained in the sweat collected by the sweat collector 111. Is what you do.
- the detection unit 2 includes an installation unit 20, a glucose sensor 21, a sodium ion sensor 22, and a drive unit 23.
- the tissue fluid collector 110 and the sweat collector 111 are installed in the installation unit 20.
- the installation unit 20 includes a sample plate 200 on which the support sheet 114 supporting the tissue fluid collector 110 and the sweat collector 111 is placed, and a sample stage 201 on which the sample plate 200 is installed.
- the sample plate 200 has a rectangular shape in a plan view and has a contour slightly larger than that of the support sheet 114.
- the upper surface of the sample plate 200 is a flat surface, and the support sheet 114 can be stably placed on the sample plate 200.
- Small protrusions 2001 are provided at each of the two corners on one end side of the sample plate 200 in the longitudinal direction.
- the two small protrusions 2001 function as positioning portions for positioning the tissue fluid collector 110, and when the support sheet 114 is placed on the sample plate 200, the two small protrusions 2001 are fitted into the two through holes formed in the support sheet 114. Is done.
- the support sheet 114 is placed on the sample plate 200 without being displaced, so that the tissue fluid collector 110 or the like can be positioned at an appropriate position with respect to the sample plate 200.
- standing walls 2002A and 2002B having a height equal to or slightly larger than the thickness of the support sheet 114 are provided at the two corners on the other end side of the upper surface of the sample plate 200 in the longitudinal direction, respectively.
- the support sheet 114 when the support sheet 114 is placed on the sample plate 200, one standing wall 2002A abuts on the notch 117 of the support sheet 114, and the other standing wall 2002B hits the notch 117 of the support sheet 114. Along the side edge opposite to 117. As a result, the support sheet 114 can be effectively positioned at an appropriate position on the sample plate 200. By holding the support sheet 114 on the sample plate 200 without misalignment in this way, when the tissue fluid collector 110 and the sweat collector 111 are measured, each sensor 21 is attached to the tissue fluid collector 110 and the sweat collector 111. 22 can be brought into good contact.
- a horizontal bar 2003 is bridged over two standing walls 2002A and 2002B, and an insertion hole 2004 is provided between the upper surface of the sample plate 200 and the horizontal bar 2003. It is formed.
- the insertion hole 2004 is inserted into the portion on the other end side of the support sheet 114 in the longitudinal direction.
- the support sheet 114 is prevented from being lifted on the sample plate 200 by the horizontal bar 2003, and can be stably placed on the sample plate 200.
- the sensors 21 and 22 can be brought into good contact with the tissue fluid collector 110 and the sweat collector 111.
- the sample stage 201 has a rectangular shape in a plan view and has a contour slightly larger than that of the sample plate 200.
- the sample plate 200 is installed on the upper surface of the sample stage 201.
- the sample stage 201 is reciprocated in the X direction along the horizontal plane by the horizontal movement drive unit 230 of the drive unit 23 described later. As a result, the tissue fluid collector 110 and the sweat collector 111 are conveyed to the lower positions of the sensors 21 and 22.
- the glucose sensor 21 is a component detection sensor that acquires a signal that reflects the amount of glucose, which is a measurement target component contained in the tissue fluid, and functions as an acquisition unit.
- the sodium ion sensor 22 is a component detection sensor that acquires a signal reflecting the amount of sodium ions, which is an auxiliary component contained in the tissue fluid, and functions as a second acquisition unit.
- each sensor 21 and 22 has, for example, a plastic main body 210, 220, and for example, a plastic slide portion 211,221 and a slide portion slidably attached to the main body 210, 220. It includes, for example, plastic cartridge portions 216 and 226 detachably attached to 211 and 221 and electrode portions 212 and 222 attached to the lower surfaces of the cartridge portions 216 and 226.
- the main bodies 210 and 220 have a shape having an upper portion and a lower portion and a step between the upper portion and the lower portion, and terminals 213 and 223 connected to the control means 5 are provided on the lower surface of the upper portion.
- An opening is formed in the lower part of the main body portions 210 and 220, and the slide portions 211 and 221 protrude from this opening.
- Pressure absorbing members 217 and 227 are provided in the main bodies 210 and 220.
- a spring member such as a coil spring can be used as the pressure absorbing members 217 and 227.
- the pressure absorbing members 217 and 227 constitute a pressure adjusting unit 61 that constantly adjusts the contact pressure when each of the sensors 21 and 22 comes into contact with the tissue fluid collector 110, and is included in the moving unit 60.
- the slide portions 211 and 221 are connected to the pressure absorbing members 217 and 227, and slide up and down with respect to the main body portions 210 and 220 due to the expansion and contraction of the pressure absorbing members 217 and 227.
- the pressure absorbing members 217 and 227 expand and contract and the electrode portions 212 and 222 are displaced vertically, so that the tissue fluid collector 110 and sweat
- the contact pressure of the electrode portions 212 and 222 in contact with the collector 111 can be adjusted to be constant. Therefore, even if the shapes of the tissue fluid collector 110 and the sweat collector 111 vary, the electrode portions 212 and 222 can be brought into contact with the tissue fluid collector 110 and the sweat collector 111 at a predetermined contact pressure.
- the pressure absorbing members 217 and 227 connected to the slide portions 211 and 221 in the main body portions 210 and 220 may be provided in a plurality of pressure absorbing members 217 and 227 instead of one.
- An opening is formed in the lower part of the slide parts 211 and 221, and the cartridge parts 216 and 226 can be mounted in the lower part of the slide parts 211 and 221 through this opening.
- Engagement holes 215 and 225 are formed on both side surfaces of the lower portion of the slide portions 211 and 221.
- the cartridge units 216 and 226 are consumables that are thrown away when the tissue fluid collector 110 or the like is used for measurement a predetermined number of times.
- the cartridge portions 216 and 226 are provided with a pair of locking claws 214 and 224 so as to correspond to the engaging holes 215 and 225 of the slide portions 211 and 221.
- the cartridge portions 216 and 226 are held by the slide portions 211 and 221 by engaging the engaging claws 214 and 224 with the corresponding locking holes 215 and 225, respectively.
- it is preferable that the cartridge portions 216 and 226 are held so as to be swingable, for example, by slightly rattling without being localized with respect to the slide portions 211 and 221.
- the cartridge units 216 and 226 constitute an angle adjusting unit 62 for adjusting the angle at which the sensors 21 and 22 come into contact with the tissue fluid collector 110, and are included in the moving unit 60.
- the cartridge portions 216 and 226 slide along the surfaces of the tissue fluid collector 110 and the sweat collector 111. Swing with respect to. Therefore, the angle of the surface of the electrode portions 212 and 222 in contact with the tissue fluid collector 110 and the sweat collector 111 can be adjusted, and even if the shapes of the tissue fluid collector 110 and the sweat collector 111 vary, the electrode portions 212 and 222 can be adjusted. Can be brought into good contact with the tissue fluid collector 110 and the sweat collector 111.
- the electrode portions 212 and 222 include a pair of working electrodes and counter electrodes, and a reference electrode.
- the working electrode is a platinum electrode formed with a glucose oxidase enzyme film
- the counter electrode is a platinum electrode.
- the working electrode is an ion-selective electrode provided with a sodium ion selective film
- the counter electrode is a reference electrode.
- the glucose sensor 21 includes a glucose measurement circuit (not shown) as an electric circuit connected to the electrode portion 212, and the electrode portion 212 comes into contact with the tissue fluid collector 110 to be constant in the tissue fluid collected in the tissue fluid collector 110. A voltage is applied and the current at that time is acquired as a detected value. This current value depends on the glucose concentration in the tissue fluid.
- the sodium ion sensor 22 includes a circuit for measuring sodium ions (not shown) as an electric circuit connected to the electrode unit 222, and the electrode unit 222 comes into contact with the tissue fluid collector 110 or the sweat collector 111 to contact the tissue fluid collector 110. The voltage of the tissue fluid collected in the above and the sweat collected in the sweat collector 111 is acquired as a detection value.
- This voltage value depends on the concentration of sodium ions in tissue fluid and sweat.
- the glucose sensor 21 and the sodium ion sensor 22 are connected to the control means 5, and output the obtained current value and voltage value to the control means 5 as detection signals.
- the control means 5 measures the glucose concentration and the sodium ion concentration based on the current value and the voltage value included in the detection signal and the calibration curve stored in the storage unit.
- the glucose sensor 21 and the sodium ion sensor 22 are set in the detection unit 2 by being attached to the fixture 24.
- the attachment 24 is attached to a pair of left and right side plates 16 (shown in FIG. 11) provided on the base plate 14 of the detection unit 2 so as to be vertically movable.
- a plurality of protrusions 243 are provided on both side surfaces of the frame portion 240 in the vertical direction, and each protrusion 243 has an elongated guide hole 17 (shown in FIG. 11) formed in each side plate 16 in the vertical direction. By sliding, the fixture 24 moves straight up and down.
- the drive unit 23 moves the installation unit 20 and the sensors 21 and 22 in order to bring the tissue fluid collector 110 installed in the installation unit 20 into contact with the sensors 21 and 22.
- the drive unit 23 includes a horizontal movement drive unit 230 that moves the installation unit 20 in the horizontal direction, and a vertical movement drive unit 231 that moves the glucose sensor 21 and the sodium ion sensor 22 in the vertical direction.
- the vertical movement drive unit 231 is provided in the detection unit 2 corresponding to each of the glucose sensor 21 and the sodium ion sensor 22.
- the installation unit 20 is conveyed between the installation position, the first measurement position, the second measurement position, and the third measurement position by the horizontal movement drive unit 230.
- an object detection sensor such as a photo sensor is provided at each measurement position, and the object detection sensor at each measurement position detects the installation unit 20 to install the installation unit 20. It may be configured to detect that the unit 20 has reached each measurement position.
- Each sensor 21 and 22 is conveyed between the standby position, the measurement position and the cleaning position by the vertical movement drive unit 231.
- a position detection sensor attached by the frame of the attachment 24 may be used.
- the position detection sensor is fixed to a sensor support plate attached to the frame portion via a fixture, and moves in the vertical direction together with the fixture 24.
- the detection plate 92 is fixed to one side plate 16 (shown in FIG. 11) of the detection unit 2 so as to face the position detection sensor 9.
- the position detection sensor detects the upper and lower ends of the detection plate 92, and the vertical movement drive unit 231 moves the sensors 21 and 22 in the vertical direction at the highest position (standby position) and the lowest position (cleaning). Position) is detected.
- a waste liquid tank a first tank for storing a cleaning liquid, a second tank for storing a low-concentration calibration liquid for glucose, and a third tank for storing a high-concentration calibration liquid for glucose are stored.
- the cleaning solution in the first tank is used for cleaning the glucose sensor 21 and the sodium ion sensor 22, and is also used for preparing a calibration curve for sodium ions as a low-concentration calibration solution for sodium ions.
- a PB-K solution can be exemplified.
- the calibrators for glucose in the second and third tanks are used to prepare the glucose calibration curve.
- a PB-K solution to which glucose is added can be exemplified.
- the glucose concentration of the PB-K solution is, for example, 0.5 mg / dL at a low concentration and, for example, a concentration determined within the range of 10 mg / dL to 40 mg / dL at a high concentration.
- the calibration curve for sodium ions in the fourth tank and the fifth tank is used to prepare a calibration curve for sodium ions.
- a saline solution can be exemplified.
- the sodium ion concentration of the saline solution is, for example, a concentration determined in the range of 1 mM to 2 mM at a medium concentration, and a concentration determined in a range of, for example, 20 mM to 50 mM at a high concentration.
- Other examples of the calibration solution for sodium include a Tris solution and a PB-K solution.
- the glucose concentration or sodium ion concentration of each liquid in each tank is stored in the storage unit of the control means 5.
- the liquid feeding unit 4 supplies the liquid stored in each tank to the glucose sensor 21 and the sodium ion sensor 22 arranged in the detecting unit 2, and collects the liquid sent to the waste liquid tank. is there.
- the control means 5 controls the drive unit 23 in order to bring the tissue fluid collector 110 installed in the installation unit 20 into contact with the sensors 21 and 22, and is included in the moving unit 60.
- the control means 5 includes a microcomputer having a processor (for example, a CPU) and a memory (for example, ROM and RAM), a circuit for processing various signals such as a user interface control board, an I / O board, and an analog board. Be prepared.
- the control means 5 controls the operation of each unit such as the detection unit 2, the liquid supply unit 4, and the operation display unit 6 by the CPU reading and executing the program stored in the ROM.
- the RAM is used as a program expansion area when the program stored in the ROM is executed.
- the control means 5 includes a control unit that controls the drive unit 23 of the detection unit 2, a signal that reflects the amount of the measurement target component (glucose) received from the sensors 21 and 22 of the detection unit 2, and an electrolyte (sodium) as an auxiliary component. It has functions such as an analysis unit and a storage unit that calculate blood glucose AUC based on a signal that reflects the amount of ions).
- the operation display unit 6 is for giving an instruction to start measurement and displaying the analysis result and the like.
- the operation display unit 6 can be configured by a touch panel type display.
- the operation display unit 6 may be divided into an operation unit and a display unit.
- the operation unit may be composed of buttons, switches, a keyboard, and a mouse.
- the power supply 7 converts the AC power supply voltage input from the power supply plug (not shown) into a DC voltage and supplies it to the control means 5.
- the power supply 7 is also connected to other parts to supply electric power to each part.
- the average particle size shown in the following test example is a value with a cumulative frequency of 50% measured by a laser diffraction / scattering type particle size distribution measuring device.
- the thickness of each layer was obtained by applying and drying the corresponding layer and then measuring it with a contact-type profilometer.
- Test example 1 Potential responsiveness of ion-selective electrode to NaCl concentration ⁇ Test Example 1-1.
- An ion-selective electrode (Example 1) was prepared as follows. Platinum paste was laminated on a ceramic substrate to form an electrode material having a diameter of 5 mm.
- metal oxide Na 0.33 MnO 2 (rectangular crystal structure), average particle size 8.9 ⁇ m, flaky
- solid electrolyte ⁇ ” alumina: Na 2 Al 10.6 O 15.9 , average particle size 0.26
- a paste containing ⁇ m a conductive agent (AB: acetylene black), and a binder (PVDF: polyvinylidene fluoride) was laminated by electrostatic coating to form an internal solid layer having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m.
- ionophore D16C5: 16-crown-5 derivative with two decalino subunits
- plasticizer TEHP: tris phosphate (2-ethylhexyl)
- anion exclusion agent Na-TFPB: tetrakis
- a paste containing 1 part by mass of [3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] sodium borate) and 29 parts by mass of a base material PVC: polyvinylidene fluoride
- PVC polyvinylidene fluoride
- the cross section of the ion-selective electrode was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- the arrangement of each material in the cross section was investigated by EDX mapping.
- the arrangement mode of each material in the cross-sectional SEM image of the inner solid layer is shown in FIGS. 13 and 14. It was found that the metal oxide particles were surrounded by solid electrolyte particles having a particle size smaller than that of the metal oxide.
- the table below shows the mass ratio of the solid electrolyte, metal oxide, conductive agent, and binder in the inner solid layer.
- Reference electrode made of silver / silver chloride paste was formed by a screen printing method.
- a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film was laminated on a silver / silver chloride paste.
- the PVA membrane was impregnated with a solution having a chloride ion concentration of 282 mM to stabilize the potential, and then used for the measurement.
- Example 1-3 Potentiometric titration> After connecting the ion sensor consisting of the ion-selective electrode (Example 1) and the reference electrode to the potential difference meter, the following electrolyte solution (NaCl and KCl mixed solution, Na concentration: 0.3 mM, 2 mM, or 50 mM, K concentration: 280 mM) , Cl concentration: Na concentration (mM) + 280 mM) was immersed and the potential was measured. After each potential measurement, the electrodes were washed with a washing solution (K-buffer phosphate, Na concentration: 0.3 mM, K concentration: 280 mM).
- K-buffer phosphate Na concentration: 0.3 mM, K concentration: 280 mM
- Test example 2 Potential stability of ion-selective electrode 1 ⁇ Test Example 2-1. Preparation of Ion Selective Electrode (Comparative Example 1)> An ion-selective electrode was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 without using a solid electrolyte (Comparative Example 1). The mass ratio of the inner solid layer for the ion-selective electrode used in the potential measurement below is shown in the table below.
- Test example 3 Potential stability of ion-selective electrode 2 ⁇ Test Example 3-1. Preparation of ion-selective electrodes (Examples 2 to 3 and Comparative Example 2)> Ion-selective electrodes (Example 2: Solid electrolyte mass ratio 4, Example 3: Solid electrolyte mass ratio 12) were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mass ratio of the solid electrolyte was changed. Further, an ion-selective electrode (Comparative Example 2) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no metal oxide was used. The mass ratio of the inner solid layer for the ion-selective electrode used in the potential measurement below is shown in the table below.
- Example 3-2 Potentiometric titration> Using ion-selective electrodes (Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2), the procedure was carried out according to Test Example 1-3 except that a Na concentration 2 mM solution and a 30 mM solution were used as the electrolyte solution. In this test, three sets were carried out in succession, with one set measuring the Na concentration 2 mM solution 6 times, the 30 mM solution once, and the 2 mM solution once. In each set, the sixth potential of the 2 mM solution at which the potential became stable was measured, and the standard deviations of the three sets of the potential were calculated.
- Test example 4 Potential stability of ion-selective electrode 3 ⁇ Test Example 4-1.
- Test example 5 Potential stability of reference electrode electrode 1 ⁇ Test Example 5-1. Preparation of reference electrode electrode (Example 5)> The electrode (Example 5) was prepared as follows. Platinum paste was laminated on a ceramic substrate to form an electrode material having a diameter of 5 mm.
- metal oxide Na 0.33 MnO 2 (rectangular crystal structure), average particle size 8.9 ⁇ m, flaky
- solid electrolyte ⁇ ” alumina: Na 2 Al 10.6 O 15.9 , average particle size 0.26
- a paste containing ⁇ m a conductive agent (AB: acetylene black), and a binder (PVDF: polyvinylidene fluoride) was laminated by electrostatic coating to form an internal solid layer having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m.
- PVDF-HFP Kynar Flex 2751-00 (HFP 15 mol%) manufactured by ARKEMA
- acetone were mixed at 1:10 (wt).
- FIG. 20 shows the results of calculating the potential difference from the measurement potential of Na concentration of 0.3 mM for the measurement potential of each electrolyte solution.
- Comparative Example 3 responds to the Cl concentration because it is an Ag / AgCl electrode having no internal liquid, but Example 5 gives a result that does not respond to the Na concentration and the Cl concentration, and the inside containing a solid electrolyte and a metal oxide. It was found that by forming an ionic liquid gel film on the solid layer, an electrode that does not respond to Na concentration and Cl concentration can be obtained.
- FIG. 21 shows the measurement potential of Example 5 for an Ag / AgCl (internal liquid: saturated KCl) electrode having a commercially available internal liquid.
- Test example 6 Potential stability of reference electrode electrode 2 ⁇ Test Example 6-1. Preparation of reference electrode electrodes (Example 6 and Comparative Example 4)> An electrode (Example 6) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that ⁇ -alumina (Na 2 O-11 Al 2 O 3, average particle size 0.26 ⁇ m) was used as the solid electrolyte. Further, an electrode (Comparative Example 4) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that a solid electrolyte was not used. The table below shows the mass ratio of the internal solid layer for the electrodes used in the potential measurements below.
- Test example 7 Potential stability of Na ion-selective electrode 3 ⁇ Test Example 7-1.
- a Na ion-selective electrode (Example 7) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the anion exclusion agent was changed to K-TCPB.
- a Na ion-selective electrode was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the solid electrolyte was changed to zeolite (Zeolam A-4 100 # Tosoh, average particle size after processing 3 ⁇ m) (Example 7').
- the mass ratio of the internal solid layer and the anion eliminator in the Na ion selective membrane are shown in the table below.
- Example 7-2 Potentiometric titration> Using ion-selective electrodes (Example 1, Example 7 and Example 7'), the procedure was carried out according to Test Example 1-3 except that a Na concentration of 30 mM solution was used as the electrolyte solution. In this test, 11 sets were carried out in succession, with a set of measuring Na concentration 2 mM solution twice, 0.3 mM solution once, 2 mM solution once, and 30 mM solution as one set. The standard deviation of the potential of the 30 mM solution measured in each set was calculated. The standard deviations of 3 sets of the potentials were calculated, and the average of 3 sensors was calculated (only in Example 7'for 1 sensor).
- Test example 8 K ion concentration responsiveness of K ion selective electrode 1 ⁇ Test Example 8-1.
- a K ion-selective electrode (Example 8) was prepared as follows. Platinum paste was laminated on a ceramic substrate to form an electrode material having a diameter of 5 mm.
- metal oxide Na0.33MnO2 (rectangular crystal structure), average particle size 7.3 ⁇ m, flaky
- solid electrolyte ⁇ ” alumina: Na2Al10.6O15.9, average particle size 0.99 ⁇ m
- a conductive agent AB: acetylene black
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- ionophore valinomycin
- plasticizer TEHP: tris phosphate (2-ethylhexyl)
- anion exclusion agent K-TCPB: tetrakis (4-chlorophenyl) potassium borate
- PVC polyvinylidene fluoride
- Test Example 8' Potential stability of K ion-selective electrode 1 ⁇ Test Example 8'-1. Preparation of K Ion Selective Electrodes (Examples 9 to 10 and Comparative Example 5)> A K ion-selective electrode (Example 9: Mass ratio of solid electrolyte 2.8, Example 10: Mass ratio of solid electrolyte 1.2) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8 except that the mass ratio of the solid electrolyte was changed. Further, a K ion-selective electrode (Comparative Example 5) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8 except that a solid electrolyte was not used. For the ion-selective electrodes used in the following potential measurements, the mass ratio of the inner solid layer and the anion-eliminating agent in the K ion-selective membrane are shown in the table below.
- Test example 9 Potential stability of K ion-selective electrode 2 ⁇ Test Example 9-1.
- K ion-selective electrode Example 11: Mass ratio of solid electrolyte 8, mass ratio of solid electrolyte 8,
- Example 12 Mass ratio of solid electrolyte 2.8
- Example 13 Mass ratio of solid electrolyte 1.2
- Test example 10 Potential stability of K ion-selective electrode 3 ⁇ Test Example 10-1.
- Preparation of K Ion Selective Electrodes (Example 14 and Comparative Example 6)> A K ion-selective electrode was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8 except that the anion exclusion agent was changed to Na-TFPB (Example 14).
- a K ion-selective electrode was obtained by using Na 2 CO 3 , which is a non-solid electrolyte, instead of using the solid electrolyte of Example 8 (Comparative Example 6).
- the mass ratio of the inner solid layer and the anion-eliminating agent in the K ion-selective membrane are shown in the table below.
- Test example 11 Potential stability of reference electrode electrode 3 ⁇ Test Example 11-1.
- Preparation of reference electrode electrodes (Example 15 and Example 16)> The ratio of PVC and a plasticizer 1: 2, the ionic liquid [TBMOEP +] to the film [C1C1N -] was dissolved in THF solution 4 parts by mass, and 20 ⁇ L dropped on the inner solid layer, heated and dried at 60 ° C. Then, a PVC film of an ionic liquid gel was prepared.
- the plasticizer was NPOE
- Example 16 the plasticizer was TEHP.
- TBMOEP represents tributyl (2-methoxyethyl) phosphonium bis- (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (tributyl (2-methoxyethyl) phosphonium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide).
- tributyl (2-methoxyethyl) phosphonium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide tributyl (2-methoxyethyl) phosphonium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide.
- Example 11-2 Potentiometric titration> Ag / AgCl using an electrode (Examples 15 and 16) instead of the ion-selective electrode, using a solution having a K concentration of 1,10,100 mM and a Na concentration of 140 mM as an electrolyte solution, and having a commercially available internal solution as a reference electrode.
- the procedure was the same as in Test Example 1-3 except that the (internal solution: saturated KCl) electrode was used.
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Abstract
Description
項B.電極材上に、金属酸化物及び固体電解質を含有する内部固体層を形成することを含む、電極の製造方法.
項C.絶縁基板、及び該絶縁基板上に配置されてなる項Aに記載の電極を含む、イオンセンサ.
項D.被検者から採取された組織液に含まれるナトリウムイオン濃度を測定する、項Cに記載のイオンセンサを含む、生体内成分測定装置.
項E.被検者から採取された組織液に含まれるナトリウムイオン濃度を、項Cに記載のイオンセンサにより測定することを含む、生体内成分測定方法.
本発明は、その一態様において、金属酸化物及び固体電解質を含有する内部固体層と、電極材とを含む、電極(本明細書において、「本発明の電極」と示すこともある。)に関する。以下に、これについて説明する。
本発明は、その一態様において、絶縁基板、及び該絶縁基板上に配置されてなる本発明の電極を含む、イオンセンサ(本明細書において、「本発明のイオンセンサ」と示すこともある。)に関する。以下に、これについて説明する。
本発明は、その一態様において、被検者から採取された組織液に含まれるナトリウムイオン濃度を測定する、本発明のイオンセンサを含む、生体内成分測定装置(本明細書において、「本発明の生体内成分測定装置」と示すこともある。)に関する。以下に、これについて説明する。
また、設置部20を各測定位置に位置決めする方法としては、各測定位置にフォトセンサなどの物体検出センサを配備し、各測定位置の物体検出センサが設置部20を検出することにより、設置部20が各測定位置に到達したことを検知するように構成してもよい。
<試験例1-1.イオン選択性電極(実施例1)の作製>
イオン選択性電極(実施例1)を次のようにして作製した。セラミック基板上に白金ペーストを積層し、直径5mmの電極材を形成した。電極材上に、金属酸化物(Na0.33MnO2(直方晶系結晶構造)、平均粒径8.9μm、リン片状)、固体電解質(β”アルミナ:Na2Al10.6O15.9、平均粒径0.26μm)、導電剤(AB:アセチレンブラック)、及び結着剤(PVDF:ポリフッ化ビニリデン)を含有するペーストを静電塗布により積層し、膜厚10μmの内部固体層を形成した。内部固体層上に、イオノフォア(DD16C5:16-crown-5 derivative with two decalino subunits)3質量部、可塑剤(TEHP:リン酸トリス(2-エチルへキシル))68質量部、アニオン排除剤(Na-TFPB:テトラキス[3,5-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]ホウ酸ナトリウム)1質量部、及び基材(PVC:ポリ塩化ビニル)29質量部を含有するペーストを4回重ねて積層し、膜厚170~190μmのNaイオン選択膜を形成し、イオン選択性電極を得た。
銀・塩化銀ペーストからなる参照電極をスクリーン印刷法により形成した。ポリビニルアルコール(PVA)膜を銀・塩化銀ペースト上に積層した。)PVA膜に塩化物イオン濃度282mMの溶液を含ませて電位を安定させてから測定に用いた。
イオン選択性電極(実施例1)及び参照電極からなるイオンセンサを電位差計に接続した後、以下の電解質溶液(NaCl及びKCl混合溶液、Na濃度:0.3mM、2mM、又は50mM、K濃度:280mM、Cl濃度:Na濃度(mM)+280mM)に浸して電位を測定した。電位測定後は、毎回、洗浄液(リン酸K緩衝液、Na濃度:0.3mM、K濃度:280mM)で電極を洗浄した。
結果を図15に示す。固体電解質及び金属酸化物を含有する内部固体層を備えるイオン選択性電極が、Na濃度に応答することが分かった。
<試験例2-1.イオン選択性電極(比較例1)の作製>
固体電解質を使用せず、実施例1と同様にしてイオン選択性電極を得た(比較例1)。以下の電位測定で使用したイオン選択性電極について、内部固体層の質量比率を以下の表に示す。
イオン選択性電極(実施例1及び比較例1)を用いて、電解質溶液としてNa濃度50mMの溶液の代わりに30mMの溶液を使用する以外は試験例1-3と同様にして行った。測定は複数回繰返して行い、各測定後は試験例1-3と同様にして電極を洗浄した。各測定値から、1回目の測定電位からの電位変動(絶対値)を算出した。
結果を図16に示す。内部固体層において、金属酸化物にさらに固体電解質を加えることにより、繰返し使用に対する電位安定性が向上することが分かった。
<試験例3-1.イオン選択性電極(実施例2~3及び比較例2)の作製>
固体電解質の質量比率を変える以外は、実施例1と同様にしてイオン選択性電極(実施例2:固体電解質の質量比率4、実施例3:固体電解質の質量比率12)を得た。さらに、金属酸化物を使用しない以外は、実施例1と同様にしてイオン選択性電極(比較例2)を得た。以下の電位測定で使用したイオン選択性電極について、内部固体層の質量比率を以下の表に示す。
イオン選択性電極(実施例1~3並びに比較例1~2)を用いて、電解質溶液としてNa濃度2mM溶液と30mM溶液を使用する以外は、試験例1-3に準じて行った。本試験では、Na濃度2mM溶液を6回、30mM溶液を1回、2mM溶液を1回測定するセットを1セットとして、3セットを連続して実施した。各セットにおいて、電位が安定となる2mM溶液の6回目の電位を測定し、当該電位の3セットの標準偏差を算出した。
結果を図17に示す。内部固体層において、金属酸化物にさらに固体電解質を加えることにより、繰返し使用に対する電位安定性が向上することが分かった。さらに、固体電解質を加えても金属酸化物を加えない場合は、電位変動が大きいことが分かった。このことから、繰返し使用に対する電位安定性には、金属酸化物と固体電解質との組合せが重要であることが分かった。
<試験例4-1.イオン選択性電極(実施例4)の作製>
固体電解質として、βアルミナ(Na2O-11Al2O3、平均粒径0.26μm)を使用する以外は、実施例1と同様にしてイオン選択性電極(実施例4)を得た。以下の電位測定で使用したイオン選択性電極について、内部固体層の質量比率を以下の表に示す。
イオン選択性電極(実施例1及び4)を用いて、試験例1-3に準じて行った。本試験では、1日中繰返して測定を行い、これを3日間行った。測定値に基づいて、各日における、最初と最後に取得した同濃度の電解質溶液の測定電位の差(絶対値)を算出し、その平均値を求めた。
結果を図18に示す。固体電解質としてβ”アルミナ及びβアルミナのいずれを使用しても、繰返し使用に対して高い電位安定性が得られることが分かった。
<試験例5-1.参照極用電極(実施例5)の作製>
電極(実施例5)を次のようにして作製した。セラミック基板上に白金ペーストを積層し、直径5mmの電極材を形成した。電極材上に、金属酸化物(Na0.33MnO2(直方晶系結晶構造)、平均粒径8.9μm、リン片状)、固体電解質(β”アルミナ:Na2Al10.6O15.9、平均粒径0.26μm)、導電剤(AB:アセチレンブラック)、及び結着剤(PVDF:ポリフッ化ビニリデン)を含有するペーストを静電塗布により積層し、膜厚10μmの内部固体層を形成した。内部固体層上に、次のようにしてイオン液体ゲル膜を形成した。具体的には、PVDF-HFP(ARKEMA社製、Kynar Flex 2751-00 (HFP 15mol%))とアセトンを1:10(wt)で混合して一晩撹拌し、そこへイオン液体PP13-TFSI(東京化成工業社製、1-メチル-1-プロピルピロリジニウムビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミド)を、PVDF-HFP:PP13-TFSIが2:8になるように添加し、得られた溶液を内部固体層上に塗布して、50℃で乾燥させながら10回積層したのち、150℃で最終乾燥させてイオン液体ゲル膜を形成し、電極を得た。内部固体層における質量比率を以下の表に示す。
イオン選択性電極に代えて電極(実施例5)又は銀・塩化銀ペーストから形成した電極(比較例3)を用いて、電解質溶液としてNa濃度0.3、1、2、10、及び30mMの溶液を使用し、参照電極に市販の内部液を有するAg/AgCl(内部液:飽和KCl)電極を使用する以外は試験例1-3と同様にして行った。測定方法の概要を図19に示す。
各電解質溶液の測定電位について、Na濃度0.3mMの測定電位からの電位差を算出した結果を図20に示す。比較例3は内部液を有さないAg/AgCl電極のためCl濃度に応答するが、実施例5はNa濃度およびCl濃度に応答しない結果が得られ、固体電解質及び金属酸化物を含有する内部固体層上にイオン液体ゲル膜を形成することにより、Na濃度およびCl濃度に応答しない電極が得られることが分かった。また、市販の内部液を有するAg/AgCl(内部液:飽和KCl)電極に対する実施例5の測定電位を図21に示す。Na濃度およびCl濃度を変えた溶液を測定した場合においても、内部液を有する市販参照電極と実施例5の電位差はほぼ0であり、内部液を有する市販参照電極と同じ性能を有することがわかる。したがってこの電極は、参照電極として使用することができる。
<試験例6-1.参照極用電極(実施例6及び比較例4)の作製>
固体電解質として、βアルミナ(Na2O-11Al2O3、平均粒径0.26μm)を使用する以外は、実施例5と同様にして電極(実施例6)を得た。さらに、固体電解質を使用しない以外は、実施例5と同様にして電極(比較例4)を得た。以下の電位測定で使用した電極について、内部固体層の質量比率を以下の表に示す。
イオン選択性電極に代えて電極(実施例5~6及び比較例4)を用いて、電解質溶液としてNa濃度2mM且つK濃度268mMの溶液を使用し、参照電極に市販の内部液を有するAg/AgCl(内部液:飽和KCl)電極を使用する以外は試験例1-3と同様にして行った。本試験では、各電極を電解質溶液に1時間半浸して、浸した直後と、1時間半後の測定電位を測定し、両者の差を算出した。
結果を図22に示す。内部固体層において、金属酸化物にさらに固体電解質を加えることにより、長時間の使用に対する電位安定性が向上することが分かった。
<試験例7-1.Naイオン選択性電極(実施例7及び実施例7’)の作製>
アニオン排除剤をK-TCPBに変える以外は、実施例1と同様にしてNaイオン選択性電極(実施例7)を得た。固体電解質をゼオライト(ゼオラム A-4 100# 東ソー、加工後の平均粒径3μm)に変えた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてNaイオン選択性電極を得た(実施例7’)。以下の電位測定で使用した電極について、内部固体層の質量比率及びNaイオン選択膜中のアニオン排除剤を以下の表に示す。
イオン選択性電極(実施例1、実施例7及び実施例7’)を用いて、電解質溶液としてNa濃度30mM溶液を使用する以外は、試験例1-3に準じて行った。本試験では、Na濃度2mM溶液を2回、0.3mM溶液を1回、2mM溶液を1回、30mM溶液を測定するセットを1セットとして、11セットを連続して実施した。各セットにおいて測定された30mM溶液の電位の標準偏差を算出した。当該電位の3セットの標準偏差を算出し、3センサ分の平均を求めた(実施例7’のみ1センサ分)。
結果を図23に示す。選択膜中のイオン種に関わらず、また、固体電解質の種類によらず、電位が安定していることが示された。
<試験例8-1.Naイオン選択性電極(実施例8)の作製>
Kイオン選択性電極(実施例8)を次のようにして作製した。セラミック基板上に白金ペーストを積層し、直径5mmの電極材を形成した。電極材上に、金属酸化物(Na0.33MnO2(直方晶系結晶構造)、平均粒径7.3μm、リン片状)、固体電解質(β”アルミナ:Na2Al10.6O15.9、平均粒径0.99μm)、導電剤(AB:アセチレンブラック)、及び結着剤(PVDF:ポリフッ化ビニリデン)を含有するペーストを静電塗布により積層し、膜厚10μmの内部固体層を形成した。内部固体層上に、イオノフォア(バリノマイシン)7質量部、可塑剤(TEHP:リン酸トリス(2-エチルへキシル))65質量部、アニオン排除剤(K-TCPB:テトラキス(4-クロロフェニル)ホウ酸カリウム))1質量部、及び基材(PVC:ポリ塩化ビニル)27質量部を含有するペーストを4回重ねて積層し、膜厚170~190μmのKイオン選択膜を形成し、Kイオン選択性電極を得た。
Ag/AgClに対して測定し、溶液濃度からAg/AgCl(飽和KCl)に対する電位に換算した。NaCl140mM一定の溶液中でK濃度1,2,4,6,8,10,100mMを測定した。
結果を図24に示す。Kイオン選択膜を採用することにより、Kイオン濃度も測定できることが分かった。
<試験例8’-1.Kイオン選択性電極(実施例9~10及び比較例5)の作製>
固体電解質の質量比率を変える以外は、実施例 8と同様にしてKイオン選択性電極(実施例9:固体電解質の質量比率2.8、実施例10:固体電解質の質量比率1.2)を得た。さらに、固体電解質を使用しない以外は、実施例 8と同様にしてKイオン選択性電極(比較例5)を得た。以下の電位測定で使用したイオン選択性電極について、内部固体層の質量比率及びKイオン選択膜中のアニオン排除剤を以下の表に示す。
NaCl140mM濃度一定でK1,10,100mMの溶液を測定後、NaCl140mM濃度一定でK1,2,4,6,8,10mMの溶液を測定し、これを1セットとして繰り返し6セット測定したのち、最後にNaCl140mM濃度一定でK1,10,100mMの溶液を測定した。1回の測定あたり、毎回センサーは洗浄液Na140mMで洗浄を行った。最初に測定したK1,10,100mM溶液と、4.8~5時間後に最後に測定したK1,10,100mM溶液の電位変動率を図25に示す。
結果を図25に示す。βアルミナの添加量が多いほど電位安定性が高まる結果となった。
<試験例9-1.Kイオン選択性電極(実施例11~13)の作製>
固体電解質をゼオライト(ゼオラム A-4 100# 東ソー、加工後の平均粒径3μm)に変えた以外は実施例 8と同様にしてKイオン選択性電極(実施例11:固体電解質の質量比率8、実施例12:固体電解質の質量比率2.8、実施例13:固体電解質の質量比率1.2)を得た。以下の電位測定で使用したイオン選択性電極について、内部固体層の質量比率及びKイオン選択膜中のアニオン排除剤を以下の表に示す。
試験例8’-2と同様にして行った。
結果を図26に示す。ゼオライトの添加量が多いほど電位安定性が高まる結果となった。
<試験例10-1.Kイオン選択性電極(実施例14及び比較例6)の作製>
アニオン排除剤をNa-TFPBに変える以外は、実施例8と同様にしてKイオン選択性電極を得た(実施例14)。実施例8の固体電解質を使用せず、代わりに非固体電解質であるNa2CO3を使用し、Kイオン選択性電極を得た(比較例6)。以下の電位測定で使用したイオン選択性電極について、内部固体層の質量比率及びKイオン選択膜中のアニオン排除剤を以下の表に示す。
Kイオン選択性電極(実施例8,11,14 比較例5,6)を用いて試験例8’に準じて行った。1日の測定の中で、計8回測定したK10mM溶液の電位の標準偏差を算出し、3センサ分の平均を求めた(実施例11のみ1センサ)。
結果を図27に示す。非固体電解質であるNa2CO3では電位が変動するのに対し、固体電解質であるβアルミナ、ゼオライトでは、選択膜中のイオン種に関わらず、電位変動が少ないことが示された。
<試験例11-1.参照極用電極(実施例15及び実施例16)の作製>
PVCと可塑剤の比率を1:2、膜に対してイオン液体[TBMOEP+][C1C1N-]を4質量部をTHF溶液に溶解し、内部固体層上に20μL滴下し、60℃で加熱乾燥させ、イオン液体ゲルのPVC膜を作製した。実施例15では可塑剤をNPOE、実施例16では可塑剤をTEHPとした。なお、TBMOEPは、tributyl(2-methoxyethyl)phosphonium bis- (trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide(トリブチル(2-メトキシエチル)フォスフォニウムビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミド)を示す。以下の電位測定で使用したイオン選択性電極について、内部固体層の質量比率及びイオン液体ゲルPVC膜中の可塑剤を以下の表に示す。
イオン選択性電極に代えて電極(実施例15,16)を用いて、電解質溶液としてK濃度1,10,100mM且つNa濃度140mMの溶液を使用し、参照電極に市販の内部液を有するAg/AgCl(内部液:飽和KCl)電極を使用する以外は試験例1-3と同様にして行った。本試験では、各電極をK1mM溶液で安定化したのち、10mM溶液、100mM溶液、1mM溶液に順に浸し、浸してから1分後の測定電位と最後に測定したK1mM溶液測定時の電位との差の絶対値を算出した。
結果を図28に示す。いずれの可塑剤を利用した場合も、KCl濃度によらず電位差が1mV以下となり、電位が安定していた。
B 電極材
C1 イオン選択膜
C2 塩橋層
D 本発明のイオン選択性電極
E 本発明の参照電極
F 絶縁基板
G 参照電極
1 本発明の生体内成分測定装置
Claims (29)
- 金属酸化物及び固体電解質を含有する内部固体層と、
電極材と
を含む、電極。 - 前記固体電解質がイオン伝導性セラミックスである、請求項1に記載の電極。
- 前記固体電解質がナトリウムイオン又はカリウムイオン伝導性セラミックスである、請求項1又は2に記載の電極。
- 前記固体電解質がβ”アルミナ又はβアルミナである、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記金属酸化物がイオン-電子伝導体である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記金属酸化物がナトリウムイオン又はカリウムイオンに対するイオン-電子伝導体である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記金属酸化物がMxMnO2(MはNa又はKを示し、xは任意の正数を示す。)である、請求項6に記載の電極。
- 前記xが0.2~0.5である、請求項7に記載の電極。
- 前記固体電解質及び前記金属酸化物が粒子状である、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記固体電解質の平均粒径が前記金属酸化物の平均粒径より小さい、請求項9に記載の電極。
- 前記内部固体層における前記金属酸化物と前記固体電解質との質量比(金属酸化物:固体電解質)が2:1~1:2である、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記内部固体層が結着剤及び導電剤を含有する、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記結着剤が、
(a)ポリフッ化ビニリデン、
(b)スチレンブタジエンラテックス及びカルボキシメチルセルロースを含有する混合剤、
(c)ポリアミド、ポリイミド、及びカルボジイミドを含有する混合剤、
(d)ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、並びに
(e)アクリルエマルジョン
からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項12に記載の電極。 - 前記導電剤が、カーボンブラック、アセチレンブラック、ケッチェンブラック、カーボンナノチューブ、グラフェン、カーボン粉末、及びグラファイト粉末からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項12又は13に記載の電極。
- 前記電極材上に直接、前記内部固体層が配置されている、請求項1~14のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- イオン選択膜をさらに含む、請求項1~15のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記イオン選択膜がイオノフォアを含有する、請求項16に記載の電極。
- 前記内部固体層上に直接、前記イオン選択膜が配置されている、請求項16又は17に記載の電極。
- イオン液体ゲル膜をさらに含む、請求項1~15のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記内部固体層上に直接、前記イオン液体ゲル膜が配置されている、請求項19に記載の電極。
- 前記電極材が、白金、金、銀、パラジウム、アルミニウム、ニッケル、及び炭素からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含有する、請求項1~20のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 電極材上に、金属酸化物及び固体電解質を含有する内部固体層を形成することを含む、電極の製造方法。
- 前記内部固体層の形成方法が静電塗布である、請求項22に記載の製造方法。
- 前記内部固体層上に、イオン選択膜又はイオン液体ゲル膜を形成することを含む、請求項22又は23に記載の製造方法。
- 絶縁基板、及び該絶縁基板上に配置されてなる請求項1~24のいずれか一項に記載の電極を含む、イオンセンサ。
- イオン選択性電極及び参照電極を含み、
前記イオン選択性電極が請求項16~18のいずれか一項に記載の電極である、請求項25に記載のイオンセンサ。 - イオン選択性電極及び参照電極を含み、
前記参照電極が請求項19又は20に記載の電極である、請求項25に記載のイオンセンサ。 - 被検者から採取された組織液に含まれるナトリウムイオン濃度を測定する、請求項25~27のいずれか一項に記載のイオンセンサを含む、生体内成分測定装置。
- 被検者から採取された組織液に含まれるナトリウムイオン濃度を、請求項25~27のいずれか一項に記載のイオンセンサにより測定することを含む、生体内成分測定方法。
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| EP20912043.5A EP4089406A4 (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2020-12-24 | ELECTRODE, ELECTRODE MANUFACTURING METHOD, ION SENSOR, IN VIVO COMPONENT MEASURING DEVICE AND IN VIVO COMPONENT MEASUREMENT METHOD |
| JP2021569834A JP7628508B2 (ja) | 2020-01-10 | 2020-12-24 | 電極、電極の製造方法、イオンセンサ、生体内成分測定装置及び生体内成分測定方法 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP4089406A1 (en) | 2022-11-16 |
| CN114902038B (zh) | 2025-06-17 |
| CN114902038A (zh) | 2022-08-12 |
| US20220334077A1 (en) | 2022-10-20 |
| US12411103B2 (en) | 2025-09-09 |
| JP7628508B2 (ja) | 2025-02-10 |
| JPWO2021140933A1 (ja) | 2021-07-15 |
| EP4089406A4 (en) | 2023-12-20 |
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