WO2022064134A1 - Pneumatique pour vehicule lourd de genie civil a adherence amelioree - Google Patents
Pneumatique pour vehicule lourd de genie civil a adherence amelioree Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022064134A1 WO2022064134A1 PCT/FR2021/051619 FR2021051619W WO2022064134A1 WO 2022064134 A1 WO2022064134 A1 WO 2022064134A1 FR 2021051619 W FR2021051619 W FR 2021051619W WO 2022064134 A1 WO2022064134 A1 WO 2022064134A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- equal
- tire
- cutout
- cutouts
- radial portion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C11/032—Patterns comprising isolated recesses
- B60C11/0323—Patterns comprising isolated recesses tread comprising channels under the tread surface, e.g. for draining water
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C11/0306—Patterns comprising block rows or discontinuous ribs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C11/0306—Patterns comprising block rows or discontinuous ribs
- B60C11/0309—Patterns comprising block rows or discontinuous ribs further characterised by the groove cross-section
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C11/0327—Tread patterns characterised by special properties of the tread pattern
- B60C11/033—Tread patterns characterised by special properties of the tread pattern by the void or net-to-gross ratios of the patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C11/12—Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes
- B60C11/1236—Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes with special arrangements in the tread pattern
- B60C11/125—Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes with special arrangements in the tread pattern arranged at the groove bottom
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C11/12—Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes
- B60C11/1272—Width of the sipe
- B60C11/1281—Width of the sipe different within the same sipe, i.e. enlarged width portion at sipe bottom or along its length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C2011/0337—Tread patterns characterised by particular design features of the pattern
- B60C2011/0339—Grooves
- B60C2011/0341—Circumferential grooves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C2011/0337—Tread patterns characterised by particular design features of the pattern
- B60C2011/0339—Grooves
- B60C2011/0341—Circumferential grooves
- B60C2011/0351—Shallow grooves, i.e. having a depth of less than 50% of other grooves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C2011/0337—Tread patterns characterised by particular design features of the pattern
- B60C2011/0339—Grooves
- B60C2011/0341—Circumferential grooves
- B60C2011/0353—Circumferential grooves characterised by width
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C2011/0337—Tread patterns characterised by particular design features of the pattern
- B60C2011/0339—Grooves
- B60C2011/0341—Circumferential grooves
- B60C2011/0355—Circumferential grooves characterised by depth
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C2200/00—Tyres specially adapted for particular applications
- B60C2200/06—Tyres specially adapted for particular applications for heavy duty vehicles
- B60C2200/065—Tyres specially adapted for particular applications for heavy duty vehicles for construction vehicles
Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is a tire for a heavy civil engineering vehicle, intended to carry heavy loads and to run on uneven and stony ground such as that of mines.
- This invention relates in particular to the tread of such a tire, the grip of which is improved throughout its use.
- the subject of the invention is more particularly a tire intended to equip a heavy civil engineering vehicle, such as a dumper intended for the transport of materials extracted from quarries or surface mines.
- a dumper is subject to particularly severe driving conditions: high loads, sustained speeds, sloping and bends, uneven and stony ground.
- the use of a dumper-type vehicle consists, in a simplified manner, of alternating between load cycles and load cycles. empty return.
- the loaded vehicle transports, mainly uphill, the materials extracted from loading zones at the bottom of the mine, or bottom of the "pit", to unloading zones: which requires good tire traction.
- the unladen vehicle During an unladen return cycle, the unladen vehicle returns, mainly downhill, to the loading areas at the bottom of the mine: which requires good tire braking grip.
- the tracks that are most often sloping are also often bends, which requires good transverse tire grip.
- the tracks on which the vehicles run are made of materials generally from the mine, for example, crushed and compacted rocks, to guarantee the holding of the wear layer of the track during the passage of vehicles, and regularly watered, which means that they are often covered with mud and water. Consequently, it is necessary to allow, on the one hand, an effective evacuation of this mixture of mud and water by the tread, to guarantee satisfactory grip on this muddy ground, and, on the other hand, a good resistance to wear and damage from stones present on the ground.
- the load applied to the tire is generally estimated to be between 25% and 100% of its nominal load capacity, depending on whether the vehicle is running empty or laden.
- the tire is permanently removed from the drive axle, when its tread reaches a residual height corresponding to a totally worn state in accordance with the practices in force.
- a tire tread intended to constitute the peripheral part of the tire, comprises at least one rubber-based material and is intended to be worn when it comes into contact with the ground via a running surface.
- - radial direction a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire
- - axial or transverse direction a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the tire
- - circumferential or longitudinal direction a direction tangent to the periphery of the tire and perpendicular to the respectively radial and axial directions
- - median or equatorial circumferential plane a plane containing the radial direction and the circumferential direction, perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tire and dividing the tire into two equal portions.
- the tread integrated into the tire, is usually characterized geometrically by an axial width L, in the axial direction, and a radial thickness E, in a radial direction.
- the axial width L is defined as the axial width of the tread surface portion, in contact with smooth ground, the tire being mounted on a recommended rim and subjected to given pressure and load conditions.
- the radial thickness E is defined, by convention, as the maximum depth Dmax measured in the cutouts. In the case of a tire in new condition for a civil engineering vehicle, and by way of example, the axial width L is at least equal to 600 mm and the maximum depth Dmax is at least equal to 60 mm, even 70 mm.
- maximum depth Dmax varies between an initial depth D0, when the tire is new, and a residual depth DR, when the tire is worn, the value at which the tire is removed from the vehicle in accordance with the practices in force.
- a cutout is a space delimited by walls of material facing each other and separated from each other by a distance defining the width of the cutout, and extending from the running surface, according to the radial direction, over a given height.
- a cutout is either an incision or a groove.
- this width is appropriate to allow at least partial contact between the opposite walls delimiting said incision at least during the passage of the tread in contact with the ground, when the tire is subjected to nominal load and pressure conditions recommended, for example, by the TRA standard.
- the walls of this groove do not generally come into contact with each other under these nominal recommended driving conditions.
- the cutouts delimit relief elements of the block type or of the rib type.
- a block comprises a contact face, contained in the running surface, and at least three, and most often four, side faces intersecting the running surface.
- a rib comprises a contact face and two lateral faces extending, in the circumferential direction, over the entire length of the tread. A rib is thus delimited, in the circumferential direction, by one or two longitudinal cutouts.
- the proportion of cutouts contained in the tread or in a portion of the tread can be defined by a volume indentation rate TEV or by a surface indentation rate TES.
- the volume indentation rate TEV of the tread is equal to the ratio between the total volume VD of the cutouts, measured on the free tire, that is to say unmounted and uninflated, and the sum of the total volume VD of the cutouts and of the total volume VR of the elements in relief delimited by these cutouts.
- the sum VD+VR corresponds to the volume comprised radially between the running surface and a bottom surface, translated from the running surface radially inwards by a radial distance equal to the maximum depth Dmax of the tread.
- This rate of notching by volume TEV conditions the performance in wear, by the volume of material to be worn available, and the performance in longitudinal and transverse grip, by the presence of respectively transverse and longitudinal edges and of cutouts having the ability to store or discharge water and/or mud.
- the surface indentation rate TES of the tread is defined in the contact surface of the tire with a rigid ground, when the tire, mounted on its nominal rim, is inflated to its nominal pressure and crushed. under its nominal load, these nominal characteristics being recommended, for example, by the TRA standard.
- This surface indentation rate TES is equal to the ratio between the total area SD of the cutouts, and the sum of the total area SD of the cutouts and of the total area SR of the elements in relief delimited by these cutouts, the areas SD and SR being determined in the contact surface.
- the sum SD+SR corresponds to the contact surface.
- This surface indentation rate TES conditions the performance in wear, by the surface of material in contact with the ground impacting the distribution of the pressures exerted by the ground on the rolling surface, and the performance in longitudinal grip and transverse, by the length of respectively transverse and longitudinal edges conditioning the effectiveness of the indentation of the tread pattern.
- volumetric TEV and surface TES incision rates can be determined either in the new state of the tread, before use of the tire when driving, or in a given state of wear of the tread, characterized by a remaining depth of the tread.
- a tire tread for an earth-moving vehicle usually comprises grooves which may be longitudinal or transverse.
- a longitudinal groove has a mean line forming, with the longitudinal direction of the tire, an angle of less than 45°.
- a transverse groove has a mean line forming, with the longitudinal direction of the tire, an angle greater than 45°.
- the width of a groove gradually decreases from the rolling surface to the bottom of the groove, due to the inclination of the walls of the elements in relief delimiting said grooves. Consequently, the volumetric indentation rate decreases when the tire goes from a new state to a worn state.
- a volume indentation rate equal to approximately 8% at the end of the tire's life, when it is completely worn, the corresponding volume indentation rate when new must be at least equal to approximately 22%.
- a high volume notch rate when new has a number of drawbacks. First of all, it promotes the capture and retention of stones in the grooves, as these are likely to damage the crown of the tire by the cracks they potentially induce. Then, a high volume indentation rate in new condition implies an equally high surface indentation rate, therefore a rather reduced contact surface with the ground of the elements in relief, and, consequently, strong pressures on the ground which accentuate the phenomenon of abrasion of the tread and therefore its wear.
- a high volume indentation rate in new condition allows lateral, so-called “barrel” deformations of the elements in relief, by the Poisson effect: which reduces the effective volume of the grooves, characterizing their storage capacity and evacuation of water or muddy mixture, resulting in a loss of tire grip on muddy ground.
- these deformations by Poisson effect tend to decrease when the wear of the tread increases, due to the reduction in the height of the elements in relief.
- the Michelin 24.00 R 35 XTRA LOAD GRIP range offers a so-called open tread pattern, comprising, in a median portion and in the two lateral portions extending it, a network of wide longitudinal and transverse grooves allowing capture the mud over the entire running surface and evacuate it at least in part through transverse grooves opening out on the edges of the tread.
- the Michelin 24.00 R 35 XTRA LOAD PROTECT range offers a tread pattern that is rather closed in a middle portion, i.e. comprising narrow longitudinal and transverse grooves guaranteeing a volume of material to be worn and protective vis-à-vis attacks, and rather open in the two lateral portions extending the middle portion, that is to say each comprising transverse grooves opening onto the edges of the tread, for evacuation at least partial water or muddy mix.
- the inventors have set themselves the objective of designing a tread for a tire for a heavy civil engineering vehicle, making it possible to improve the performance compromise between the wear life, the resistance to aggression and the grip, when used on tracks that may be covered with water and mud, guaranteeing the durability of grip throughout the life of the tyre.
- a tire for a heavy civil engineering vehicle comprising, in a new state before running, a tread intended to come into contact with the ground by means of a tread surface: - the tread surface, having an axial width L0, when the tire mounted on a nominal rim is inflated to a nominal pressure Pn and crushed under a nominal load Zn,
- the tread comprising cutouts separating elements in relief and having a maximum depth D0, - the tread comprising, on each side of an equatorial plane, at least one outer longitudinal cutout having a mean line positioned relative to an equatorial plane of the tire at an axial distance LE at least equal to 0.5*L0/2, and at least one inner longitudinal cutout having an average line positioned relative to the equatorial plane of the tire at an axial distance LI at most equal to 0.4*L0/2,
- the at least one outer longitudinal cutout comprising an outer radial portion opening onto the rolling surface and having a height HE1 and an average width WE1 at least equal to 0.6 times the height HE1,
- the at least one inner longitudinal cutout comprising an inner radial portion that does not open onto the running surface, extending at least partially radially inside the outer radial portion of the outer longitudinal cutout, and having a height HI2 and an average width WI2 at least equal to 0.6 times the height HI2.
- the principle of the invention is to provide a tire for a heavy civil engineering vehicle whose grip, more particularly on wet and/or muddy ground, is guaranteed at any level of tread wear, between a new state characterized by a maximum depth D0 and a worn state, characterized, for example, in accordance with the practices in force, by a maximum depth DR at least equal to D0/10, and this regardless of the load level applied on the tire, between 25% and 100% of its recommended load Zn.
- 25% Zn corresponds to the load applied to a tire mounted on a rear axle of an unladen vehicle
- 100% Zn corresponds to the load applied to a tire mounted on a front or rear axle of a fully laden vehicle.
- the tire mounted on a nominal rim is inflated to a nominal pressure Pn and crushed under a nominal load Zn , as defined, for example, by ISO 4250 and the Tire and Rim Association or TRA standard. Under these conditions, the tread surface of the tire comes into contact with a supposedly smooth ground, according to a load contact surface having an axial width LO, measured between the axial ends of said load contact surface.
- the tread comprises cutouts separating elements in relief and having a maximum depth DO.
- D0 is the maximum cutout depth when new, i.e. the maximum distance between the radially inner point of the deepest cutout and the running surface when new. D0 makes it possible to define a theoretical bottom surface parallel to the rolling surface and a maximum thickness of tread intended to be worn. D0 is the reference on the basis of which the various states of wear of the tread are defined, each characterized by a maximum depth Dmax which can be expressed as a percentage of D0.
- the tread more particularly comprises, on each side of an equatorial plane, at least one outer longitudinal cutout having a mean line positioned with respect to an equatorial plane of the tire at an axial distance LE at least equal to 0.5* L0/2, and at least one inner longitudinal cutout having an average line positioned relative to the equatorial plane of the tire at an axial distance L1 at most equal to 0.4*L0/2.
- Longitudinal cutout means a cutout whose mean line forms with the circumferential direction of the tire an angle at most equal to 45°. Either the mean line forms a zero angle and is strictly longitudinal, or it includes at least an oblique portion forming a non-zero angle, as, for example, in the case of a cutout oscillating around the circumferential direction.
- An outer longitudinal cutout having a mean line positioned relative to an equatorial plane of the tire at an axial distance LE at least equal to 0.5*L0/2 is a longitudinal cutout extending outside the contact surface empty.
- the mean line of said outer longitudinal cutout is axially positioned, with respect to the equatorial plane of the tire, at an axial distance LE greater than the axial half-width L 1/2 of the increased vacuum contact surface of the average half-thickness WE1 of said outer longitudinal cutout.
- An outer longitudinal cutout is therefore in contact with the ground for a tire mounted on a laden vehicle or on the front axle of an unladen vehicle, but not for a tire mounted on a rear axle of an unladen vehicle.
- An inner longitudinal cutout having a mean line positioned relative to the equatorial plane of the tire at an axial distance LI at most equal to 0.4* LO/2 is a longitudinal cutout extending inside the contact surface at empty.
- the middle line of said inner longitudinal cutout is axially positioned, with respect to the equatorial plane of the tire, at an axial distance LI less than the axial half-width L 1/2 of the reduced vacuum contact surface of the average half-thickness WI1 of said inner longitudinal cutout.
- An inner longitudinal cutout is therefore in contact with the ground for a tire mounted on a laden vehicle and also for a tire mounted on a rear axle of an unladen vehicle.
- the at least one outer longitudinal cutout comprises an outer radial portion opening onto the running surface and having a height HE1 and an average width WE1 at least equal to 0.6 times the height HE1 .
- the height HE1 is measured between the most radially outer point of the outer radial portion, positioned on the running surface when new, and the most radially inner point of the outer radial portion.
- the average width WE1 is the average of the outer radial portion widths over the entire height HE1, a width being measured, at a given level, between the facing walls of material defining the outer radial portion of the cutout.
- An average width WE1 at least equal to 0.6 times the height HE1 implies that the outer radial portion is a so-called effective groove.
- a groove is a cutout wide enough that its walls will not generally contact each other under the rated recommended driving conditions.
- it is said to be efficient, because its section is not reduced significantly, due to the deformations of the adjacent elements in relief, by the Poisson effect.
- the section of the emergent outer radial portion thus remains sufficiently open to allow storage and evacuation of the water or mud present on the ground, and therefore guarantee the required grip. Consequently, the presence of an outer longitudinal cutout, with an outer radial portion of the efficient and emerging groove type, guarantees evacuation of water and mud for a tire in new condition, i.e. say unworn, and mounted on a front axle of a fully laden vehicle.
- the at least one inner longitudinal cutout comprises an inner radial portion that does not open onto the running surface, extending at least partially radially inside the radial portion exterior of the exterior longitudinal cutout, and having a height HI2 and an average width WI2 at least equal to 0.6 times the height HI2.
- the height HI2 is measured between the most radially outer point of the inner radial portion, located radially inside the running surface, and the most radially inner point of the inner radial portion.
- the average width WI2 is the average of the outer radial portion widths over the entire height HI2.
- An average width WI2 at least equal to 0.6 times the height HI2 implies that the inner radial portion is a so-called effective groove, as described previously.
- the inner longitudinal cutout comprises an inner radial portion which does not emerge on the running surface of the tire when new, that is to say emerging only from an intermediate state of wear. . In other words, this inner radial portion is hidden when new and up to an intermediate state of wear.
- This intermediate state of wear generally corresponds to the level of wear for which the tire initially mounted on a front axle of the vehicle is swapped on a rear axle.
- this inner radial portion extends at least partially radially inside the outer radial portion of the outer longitudinal cutout.
- the radially innermost point of the inner radial portion of the inner longitudinal cutout is radially inner to the radially innermost point of the outer radial portion of the outer longitudinal cutout. Consequently there is a partial radial overlap, but not total, or even an absence of overlap, between the inner radial portion of the inner longitudinal cutout and the outer radial portion of the outer longitudinal cutout.
- the outer radial portion of the at least one outer longitudinal cutout has an average width WE1 at most equal to twice the height HE1, preferably at most equal to the height HE1. If the average width WE1 is increased beyond twice the height HE1, the contact surface under load decreases, and therefore the contact pressures increase, which leads to increased wear.
- the outer radial portion of the at least one outer longitudinal cutout extends radially inwards to a radial depth DE1 at least equal to DO/4, preferably at least equal to D0/3.
- the radial depth DE1 corresponds to the radial distance between the running surface when new and the most radially inner point of the outer radial portion.
- the radial depth DE1 is therefore equal to the height HE1, because the outer radial portion is emerging, when new.
- the outer radial portion is an effective groove at least up to a quarter of the wear of the thickness of the tread, corresponding to a maximum remaining cutout depth equal to 3* DO/4, preferably at least up to a third of the wear, corresponding to a maximum remaining cutting depth equal to 2*D0/3.
- the outer radial portion of the at least one outer longitudinal cutout extends radially inwards to a radial depth DE1 at most equal to 2*D0/3, preferably at most equal to DO/ 2.
- the outer radial portion is an effective groove at most up to two-thirds of the wear, corresponding to a maximum remaining cutout depth equal to D0/3, preferably up to half of the wear of the thickness of the tread, corresponding to a maximum remaining cutting depth equal to DO/2.
- the meridian section of the outer radial portion of the at least one outer longitudinal cutout is constant in the circumferential direction, which guarantees a constant water or muddy mixture evacuation rate over the entire circumference of the pneumatic.
- the outer radial portion of the at least one outer longitudinal cutout has a circular circumferential mean line centered on the axis of rotation of the tire. Consequently, this outer radial portion is not undulating, in the circumferential direction, in the thickness of the tread.
- the at least one outer longitudinal cutout comprises an inner radial portion opening into its outer radial portion and having a height HE2 and an average width WE2 at most equal to 0.2 times the height HE2.
- An average width WE2 at most equal to 0.2 times the height HE2 implies that the inner radial portion is an incision, that is to say a cutout narrow enough for its walls to come into contact with each other in the recommended nominal driving conditions. This incision is non-emerging when new. When the level of wear makes this incision open, that is to say beyond the radial depth DE1, it does not allow water or mud to be evacuated, but contributes to the adhesion, under transverse stresses, by an effect of indentation of the emerging edges of its walls.
- the incision that has become open allows local softening of the tread, in its axially outer portion, which promotes the flattening of the tire.
- it allows a limitation of sliding deformations, due to the independence of the elements in relief which delimit. Efficient flattening and limitation of sliding deformations slow down wear.
- an incision allows the evacuation of heat, and therefore a reduction in the temperature of the crown of the tire, which is favorable to the endurance of this crown.
- the inner radial portion of the at least one inner longitudinal cutout has an average width WI2 at most equal to 2 times the height HI2, preferably at most equal to the height HI2.
- WI2 average width
- the inner radial portion of the at least one inner longitudinal cutout extends radially inwards to a radial depth DI2 at least equal to DO/2, preferably at least equal to 2*D0/3 .
- the radial depth DI2 corresponds to the radial distance between the running surface when new and the most radially inner point of the inner radial portion.
- the radial depth DI2 is not equal to the height HI2, because the inner radial portion is not emerging, when new.
- the inner radial portion is an effective groove at least up to half the wear of the thickness of the tread, corresponding to a maximum remaining cutout depth equal to DO/2, preferably at least up to 'at two-thirds of the wear, corresponding to a maximum remaining cutting depth equal to D0/3.
- the inner radial portion of the at least one inner longitudinal cutout extends radially inwards to a radial depth DI2 at most equal to D0. Consequently, the inner radial portion is an effective groove at most up to the total wear of the thickness of the tread, corresponding to a maximum cutout depth equal to D0.
- the inner radial portion of the or each inner longitudinal cutout extends radially inwards to a radial depth DI2 at most equal to 9*D0/10, and even more preferably at most equal to 3*D0/ 4.
- the meridian section of the inner radial portion of the at least one inner longitudinal cutout is constant in the direction circumferential, which guarantees a constant water or sludge evacuation flow over the entire circumference of the tire.
- the inner radial portion of the at least one inner longitudinal cutout has a circular circumferential mean line centered on the axis of rotation of the tire. Consequently, this inner radial portion is not undulating, in the circumferential direction, in the thickness of the tread.
- the at least one inner longitudinal cutout comprises an outer radial portion, opening onto the running surface and in its inner radial portion, and having a height HI1 and an average width WI1 at most equal to 0.2 times the height HI1 .
- this external radial portion is an emerging incision having a favorable impact with respect to grip, wear and thermal endurance of the crown.
- it has a technological advantage at the level of the production of the sculpture of the tread, by allowing the molding and the demolding of the inner radial portion of the blind groove type to which it is connected.
- the inner radial portion of the at least one inner longitudinal cutout is extended radially inwards by a complementary inner radial portion having a height HI3 and an average width WI3 at most equal to 0.2 times the height HI3.
- this inner radial portion of the effective groove type can itself be extended radially towards the inside by a complementary inner radial portion of the incision type, to a depth at most equal to D0, preferably at most equal to 9*D0/10.
- the tread comprises two inner longitudinal grooves, the respective inner radial portions of which are offset from one another radially in the thickness of the tread.
- the effective radial portions of the outer longitudinal groove and the two grooves inner longitudinal thus constitute a staggering of three effective radial portions overlapping at least partially radially, two by two.
- the tire having an outside diameter D, measured in the equatorial plane and a contact surface under load having a circumferential length C0, when the tire mounted on a nominal rim is inflated to a nominal pressure Pn and crushed under a nominal load Zn, the at least one outer longitudinal cutout is preferably connected to at least NE outer transverse cutouts opening out at an axial end of the tread, NE being at least equal to II*D/C0, such that the contact surface under load comprises at least one outer transverse cutout.
- transverse cutout is meant a cutout whose mean line forms with the circumferential direction of the tire an angle at least equal to 45°. Either the middle line forms an angle equal to 90° and is strictly transverse, or it comprises at least one oblique portion forming an angle strictly less than 90°.
- each outer longitudinal cutout makes it possible, via its outer radial portion, to evacuate any water and mud that may be present on the ground, in the circumferential direction, when the tire is mounted on the front axle of the vehicle, for a new condition or a condition at the start of wear.
- each outer longitudinal cutout is connected to a set of so-called outer transverse cutouts which have the function of ensuring lateral evacuation of water and mud, at the level of the side edges of the tread, usually called shoulders. But this lateral evacuation requires the presence of at least one such external transverse cutout opening into the contact surface under load.
- each outer transverse cutout has an outer radial portion having a height HTE 1 at least equal to HE 1 , an average width WTE 1 at least equal to O.6*HTE1, preferably at least equal to WE1, and a depth DTE1 at least equal to DEL
- Said outer radial portion of the outer transverse cutout is therefore an effective groove of height and depth at least equal to those of the outer radial portion of the outer longitudinal cutout, but with a width at least equal, of so as to guarantee a lateral evacuation flow rate at least equal to the longitudinal evacuation flow rate.
- each outer transverse cutout has an inner radial portion, opening into its outer radial portion, and having a height HTE2 and an average width WTE2 at most equal to 0.2 times the height HTE2. Accordingly, each outer transverse cutout has an inner radial slit-like portion connected to the inner radial slit-like portion of the outer longitudinal cutout.
- the at least one inner longitudinal cutout is advantageously connected to at least NI inner transverse cutouts opening out at an axial end of the tread, NI being at least equal to H*D/C1, of such that the vacuum contact surface comprises at least one internal transverse cutout.
- Each inner longitudinal cutout makes it possible, via its inner radial portion, to evacuate any water and mud that may be present on the ground, in the circumferential direction, when the tire is mounted on the rear axle of the unladen vehicle, for a state of wear at least at the level of the bottom of the outer radial portion of the outer longitudinal cutout.
- each inner longitudinal cutout is connected to a set of so-called inner transverse cutouts which have the function of ensuring lateral evacuation of water and mud, at the level of the side edges of the tread, usually called shoulders. But this lateral evacuation requires the presence of at least one such internal transverse cutout opening into the vacuum contact surface.
- the inner radial portion of the at least one inner longitudinal cutout extending radially inwards to a radial depth DI2, each inner transverse cutout has an inner radial portion having a height HTI2 at least equal at HI2, an average width WTI2 at least equal to 0.6*HTI2, preferably at least equal to WI2, and a depth DTI2 at least equal to DI2.
- Said inner radial portion of the inner transverse cutout is therefore an effective groove of height and depth at least equal to those of the inner radial portion of the inner longitudinal cutout, but with a width at least equal, so as to guarantee a flow rate of lateral discharge at least equal to the longitudinal discharge rate.
- each inner transverse cutout has an outer radial portion, opening onto the running surface and in its inner radial portion and having a height HTI1 and an average width WTI1 at most equal to 0.2 times the height HTI1. Accordingly, each inner transverse cutout has a slit-like outer radial portion connected to the slit-like outer radial portion of the outer longitudinal cutout.
- the or each outer longitudinal cutout has an average line positioned relative to the equatorial plane of the tire, at an axial distance LE at most equal to 0.8*L0/2. This upper limit makes it possible to guarantee a sufficient width, for each lateral end portion of the tread, with respect to wear at the edge of the tread.
- the or each inner longitudinal cutout also advantageously has a mean line positioned with respect to the equatorial plane of the tire, at an axial distance LI at least equal to 0.15*L0/2. This lower limit makes it possible to guarantee a width sufficient, for the middle portion of the tread, with respect to resistance to attack.
- the difference between the axial distance LE and the axial distance LI is also advantageously at least equal to 0.2*L0/2, preferably at least equal to 0.3*L0/2.
- This characteristic guarantees a balanced distribution of the outer and inner longitudinal cutouts respectively in the width of the tread, therefore a balanced distribution of the pressures in the contact surface, and, consequently, a more homogeneous wear in the width of the tread. .
- the tread having a volume indentation rate TEV equal to the ratio between the total volume VD of the cutouts, measured on the free tire, that is to say unmounted and uninflated, and the sum of the total volume VD of the cutouts and of the total volume VR of the elements in relief delimited by these cutouts, at any level of wear comprised between the new state corresponding to a maximum depth of cutout D0 and a worn state corresponding to a maximum depth of cutout DR at least equal to D0/10 and at most equal to D0/3, preferably at most equal to DO/4, the volume indentation rate TEV is at least equal to 12%, preferably at least equal to 14%.
- a minimum TEV volumetric indentation rate of 12%, preferably 14%, at any level of wear within the required range, is required for the storage and disposal of any water or sludge mixture that may be present on the rolling ground.
- the tread having a volume indentation rate TEV equal to the ratio between the total volume VD of the cutouts, measured on the free tire, that is to say unmounted and uninflated, and the sum of the total volume VD of the cutouts and of the total volume VR of the elements in relief delimited by these cutouts, at any level of wear comprised between the new state corresponding to a maximum depth of cutout D0 and a worn state corresponding to a maximum depth of cutout DR at least equal to D0/10 and at most equal to D0/3, preferably at most equal to DO/4, the volume indentation rate TEV is still preferentially at most equal to 20%, preferably at most equal to 18% .
- the tread having a surface indentation rate TES equal to the ratio between the total area SD of the cutouts, and the sum of the total area SD of the cutouts and the total area SR of the elements in relief delimited by these cutouts , the surfaces SD and SR being determined in the contact surface, at any level of wear comprised between the new state corresponding to a maximum depth of cutout D0 and a worn state corresponding to a maximum depth of cutout DR at least equal to D0/10 and at most equal to D0/3, preferably at most equal to DO/4, the surface indentation rate TES is preferably at least equal to 10%, preferably at least equal to 13%.
- a minimum surface notch rate TES of 10%, preferably 13%, at any level of wear within the required interval, makes it possible to guarantee a rate of edges of the cutouts emerging in the running surface, with respect to - screw of an effective indentation of the ground, and thus of adhesion.
- the tread having a surface indentation rate TES equal to the ratio between the total area SD of the cutouts, and the sum of the total area SD of the cutouts and the total area SR of the elements in relief delimited by these cutouts , the surfaces SD and SR being determined in the contact surface, at any level of wear comprised between the new state corresponding to a maximum depth of cutout D0 and a worn state corresponding to a maximum depth of cutout DR at least equal to D0/10 and at most equal to D0/3, preferably at most equal to DO/4, the surface indentation rate TES is still preferably at most equal to 24%, preferably at most equal to 20%.
- a maximum TES surface indentation rate of 24%, preferably 20%, at any level of wear within the required interval makes it possible to guarantee a sufficient contact surface both under load and without load, inducing limited contact pressures and, therefore, limited wear.
- the tread having, at any level of wear, a volume indentation rate TEV equal to the ratio between the total volume VD of the cutouts, measured on the free tire, that is to say not mounted and not swollen, and the sum of the total volume VD of the cutouts and of the total volume VR of the elements in relief delimited by these cutouts, and a surface indentation rate TES equal to the ratio between the total surface SD of the cutouts, and the sum of the surface total SD of the cutouts and of the total surface SR relief elements delimited by these cutouts, the SD and SR surfaces being determined in the contact surface, the TEV/TES ratio is preferably at least equal to 0.8, on average between a new state corresponding to a maximum depth of cutout D0 and a worn state of the tire corresponding to a maximum depth of cutout DR at least equal to D0/10 and at most equal to D0/3, preferably at most equal to D0/4.
- the inventors have sought to obtain the highest possible TEV/TES ratio, on the one hand by maximizing the TEV volume indentation rate, with respect to grip on wet or muddy ground by aiming for storage and effective evacuation of water or muddy mixture, on the other hand by minimizing the surface indentation rate TES, vis-à-vis wear by seeking the largest possible contact surface.
- - Figure 2 Top view of a tread portion of a tire according to the invention, in the worn state at 2/3 wear (maximum depth of cutout D0/3), - Figure 3: Perspective view of a tread portion of a tire according to the invention, in new condition,
- - Figure 8 Evolution of the surface indentation rate TES (in %) as a function of the volume indentation rate TEV (in %), for a tire according to the invention I and for two reference tires RI and R2 of the state of the art
- - Figure 9 Evolution of the ratio of respectively volumetric and surface indentation rates TEV/TES as a function of the maximum depth of cutout Dmax (in % of the maximum depth of cutout DO, in new condition), for a tire according to invention I and for two reference tires R1 and R2 of the state of the art
- - Figure 10 Evolution of the total volume of effective grooves VCE, leading to the tread, in a given state of wear, in function of the maximum cutout depth Dmax (in % of the maximum cutout depth DO, in new condition), for a tire according to the invention I and for two reference tires R1 and R2 of the state of the art ,
- - Figure 11 Top view of a portion of tread of an RI reference tire, in new condition (Michelin 24.00 R 35 XTRA LOAD PROTECT range)
- - Figure 12 Top view of a portion of a tire with reference R2, in new condition (Michelin 24.00 R 35 XTRA LOAD GRIP range).
- FIG. 1 is a top view of a tread portion 2 of a tire 1 according to the invention, in new condition, having a maximum cutout depth D0 (not shown).
- This tire 1 for a heavy civil engineering vehicle comprises, in new condition before running, a tread 2, intended to come into contact with the ground via a tread surface 3.
- the tread surface 3 has an axial width L0, when the tire mounted on a nominal rim is inflated to a nominal pressure Pn and crushed under a nominal load Zn.
- the running surface 3 has an axial width L1 (not shown), when the tire mounted on a nominal rim is inflated to a nominal pressure Pn and crushed under a load approximately equal to 0.25 *Zn.
- the tread 2 comprises cutouts 4 separating elements in relief 6 and having a maximum depth D0 (not shown).
- the tread 2 comprises, on each side of an equatorial plane XZ, an outer longitudinal cutout 41, having a mean line ME, positioned relative to an equatorial plane XZ of the tire at an axial distance LE at least equal to 0.5* L0/2, and an inner longitudinal cutout 42, having a mean line MI, positioned relative to the equatorial plane XZ of the tire, at an axial distance LI at most equal to 0.4*L0/2.
- the outer longitudinal cutout 41 comprises an outer radial portion 411 of the groove type having a width average WEI.
- outer longitudinal cutout 41 is connected to outer transverse cutouts 51, each comprising an outer radial portion 511 of the groove type having an average width WTE1.
- the inner longitudinal cutout 42 comprises an outer radial portion 421 of the incision type having an average width WI1.
- inner longitudinal cutout 42 is connected to inner transverse cutouts 52, each comprising an outer radial portion 521 of the incision type having an average width WTI1.
- Figure 2 is a top view of a tread portion 2 of a tire 1 according to the invention, in the worn state at 2/3 wear, for which the maximum depth of cutout Dmax is equal to D0/3 (not shown).
- the references in Figure 1 are partially repeated in Figure 2.
- the cutouts are described in a worn state, typically 2/3 worn.
- the outer longitudinal cutout 41 comprises an inner radial portion 412 of the incision type having an average width WE2.
- the outer longitudinal cutout 41 is connected to outer transverse cutouts 51, each comprising an inner radial portion 512 of the incision type having an average width WTE2.
- the interior longitudinal cutout 42 comprises an interior radial portion 422 of the groove type having an average width WI2.
- the inner longitudinal cutout 42 is connected to inner transverse cutouts 52, each comprising an inner radial groove-like portion 522 having an average width WTI2.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a tread portion 2 of a tire according to the invention, in new condition, the angle of perspective of which makes it possible to visualize more particularly the system of cutouts longitudinal (41, 42).
- Figure 4 is a meridian section associated with Figure 3, describing the system of longitudinal cutouts (41, 42).
- the outer longitudinal cutout 41 comprises an outer radial portion 411 opening onto the rolling surface 3 and having a height HE1 and an average width WE1 at least equal to 0.6 times the height HE1, that is to say say an effective groove
- the inner longitudinal cutout 42 comprises an inner radial portion 422 that does not open out onto the running surface 3, extending at least partly radially inside the outer radial portion 411 of the outer longitudinal cutout 41, and having a height HI2 and an average width WI2 at least equal to 0.6 times the height HI2, that is to say also an effective groove.
- the outer radial portion 411 of the outer longitudinal cutout 41 has an average width WE1 at most equal to twice its height HE1, preferably at most equal to its height HE1.
- the outer radial portion 411 of the outer longitudinal cutout 41 extends radially inwards to a radial depth DE1, advantageously at least equal to DO/4, preferably at least equal to D0/3, and again advantageously at most equal to 2*D0/3, preferably at most equal to OD/2.
- the outer longitudinal cutout 41 preferably comprises an inner radial portion 412 opening into its outer radial portion 411 and having a height HE2 and an average width WE2 at most equal to 0.2 times the height HE2, that is to say an incision not opening onto the running surface when new.
- the inner radial portion 422 of the inner longitudinal cutout 42 has an average width WI2 at most equal to twice its height HI2, preferably at most equal to its height HI2.
- the inner radial portion 422 of the inner longitudinal cutout 42 extends radially inwards to a radial depth DI2 advantageously at least equal to DO/2, preferably at least equal to 2*D0/3, and still advantageously at most equal to D0, preferably at most equal to 9*D0/10 and even more preferably at most equal to 3*D0/4.
- the inner longitudinal cutout 42 comprises an outer radial portion 421, opening onto the rolling surface 3 and in its inner radial portion 422 and having a height HI1 and an average width WI1 at most equal to 0.2 times the height HI1, that is - i.e. an incision leading to the running surface when new.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a tread portion 2 of a tire according to the invention, in new condition, the angle of perspective of which makes it possible to visualize more particularly the system of cutouts transverse (51, 52).
- Figure 6 is a side view associated with Figure 5, describing the system of transverse cutouts (51, 52).
- the tire having an outside diameter D (not shown), measured in the equatorial plane YZ, and a contact surface under load having a circumferential length C0 (not shown), when the tire mounted on a nominal rim is inflated to a nominal pressure Pn and crushed under a nominal load Zn, the outer longitudinal cutout 41 is connected to at least NE outer transverse cutouts 51 opening out at the level of an axial end of the tread 2, NE being at least equal to II*D / C0, so that the contact surface with the ground in charge comprises at least one outer transverse cutout.
- the tire having a vacuum contact surface having a circumferential length Cl (not shown), when the tire mounted on a nominal rim is inflated to a nominal pressure Pn and crushed under a load approximately equal to 0.25 *Zn, the internal longitudinal cutout 42 is connected to at least NI internal transverse cutouts 52 opening out at the level of an axial end 21 of the tread 2, NI being at least equal to II*D/C 1 , such that the surface of vacuum ground contact comprises at least one interior transverse cutout.
- Each outer transverse cutout 51 preferably comprises an outer radial portion 511 having a height HTE1 equal to HE1, an average width WTE1 at least equal to 0.6*HTE1, preferably at least equal to WE1, and a depth DTE1 equal to DE1.
- each outer transverse cutout 51 has an inner radial portion 512, opening into its outer radial portion 511, and having a height HTE2 and an average width WTE2 at most equal to 0.2 times the height HTE2, that is to say a blind incision when new connected to the inner radial portion 412 of the outer longitudinal cutout 41.
- each cutout internal transverse 52 preferably comprises an internal radial portion 522 having a height HTI2 equal to HI2, an average width WTI2 at least equal e to 0.6*HTI2, preferably at least equal to WI2, and a depth DTI2 equal to DI2. Consequently, this inner radial portion 522 has the same height and depth as the inner radial portion 422 of the inner longitudinal cutout 42 to which it is connected, and an average width at least equal, to ensure a water evacuation flow. or muddy mixture at least as high as that of the inner longitudinal cutout 42.
- each inner transverse cutout 52 has an outer radial portion 521, opening onto the running surface and in its inner radial portion 522 and having a height HTI1 and an average width WTI1 at most equal to 0.2 times the height HTI1, that is to say an emerging incision when new connected to the outer radial portion 421 of the inner longitudinal cutout 42.
- FIG. 7 shows the evolution of the volume indentation rate TEV (in %) as a function of the maximum depth of cut Dmax (in % of the maximum depth of cut D0 in new condition), for a tire according to the invention I and for two reference tires R1 and R2 of the state of the art.
- the maximum cutting depth D0 when new is the base 100 of the abscissa axis of the graph.
- the Dmax/D0 ratio defines a given state of wear of the tread.
- the volume indentation rate TEV decreases slightly, on average, from 17.5% in the new state, for Dmax equal to D0, to 14% in the totally worn state, for Dmax equal to D0/10.
- the rate volume indentation TEV decreases from 12.5% in new condition, for Dmax equal to D0, to 5% in totally worn condition, for Dmax equal to D0/10.
- the volume indentation rate TEV decreases by 22% when new, for Dmax equal to D0, by 5% when completely worn, for Dmax equal to D0/10.
- a tire according to the invention has the advantage of having a substantially constant volume indentation rate TEV, therefore a substantially constant water or muddy mixture evacuation capacity throughout the life of the tire, in all its states of wear.
- FIG. 8 shows the evolution of the surface indentation rate TES (in %) as a function of the volume indentation rate TEV (in %), for a tire according to the invention I and for two reference tires RI and R2 of the state of the art.
- the volume indentation rate TEV varies between 14% and 17.5% as seen previously, and the surface indentation rate TES varies between 12% and 24%.
- the volume indentation rate TEV varies between 5% and 12.5% as seen above, and the rate of Surface indentation TES varies between 6% and 18%.
- the volume indentation rate TEV varies between 5% and 22% as seen above, and the indentation rate surface TES varies between 7% and 42%. Consequently, the respective variation intervals of the volumetric indentation rate TEV and of the surface indentation rate TES are much more restricted, for the tire according to the invention I, hence the durability of the grip and grip performance. tire wear throughout its life.
- FIG. 9 shows the evolution of the ratio of respectively volumetric and surface notching rates TEV/TES as a function of the maximum depth of cutout Dmax (in % of the maximum depth of cutout D0, in new condition) , for a tire according to the invention I and for two reference tires R1 and R2 of the state of the art.
- the TEV/TES ratio varies between 0.75 and 1.3.
- the reference tire RI of the state of the art corresponding to the Michelin 24.00 R 35 XTRA LOAD PROTECT range, the TEV/TES ratio varies between 0.6 and 0.75.
- the TEV/TES ratio varies between 0.5 and 0.8. Consequently, the tire according to the invention I has a TEV/TES ratio that is always higher than that of tires R1 and R2.
- This rather high TEV/TES ratio is obtained, on the one hand, by maximizing the TEV volume indentation rate, vis-à-vis the grip on wet or muddy ground by aiming for efficient storage and evacuation of water. or of the muddy mixture, on the other hand by minimizing the surface indentation rate TES, with respect to wear by seeking the largest possible contact surface.
- Figure 10 shows the evolution of the total volume of effective grooves VCE, leading to the tread, in a given state of wear, as a function of the maximum depth of cutout Dmax (in % of the maximum depth of cutout D0, in new condition), for a tire according to the invention I and for two reference tires R1 and R2 of the state of the art.
- Dmax in % of the maximum depth of cutout D0, in new condition
- Figure 11 shows a top view of a portion of tread of a reference tire RI, in new condition (Michelin 24.00 R 35 XTRA LOAD PROTECT range).
- the tread pattern is rather closed in a middle portion, i.e. comprising narrow longitudinal and transverse grooves guaranteeing a volume of material to be worn and protective against attack, and rather open in the two lateral portions extending the middle portion, that is to say each comprising transverse grooves opening onto the edges of the tread, for at least partial evacuation of the water or the muddy mixture.
- performance in terms of wear life and resistance to attack are favored over adhesion.
- transverse grooves opening onto the edges of the tread with a width equal to 45 mm and a height equal to 74 mm, are effective.
- the other grooves in the middle portion have a width equal to 7 mm and a maximum height equal to 60 mm, which implies that they are closed in the contact surface, whether the vehicle is empty or loaded.
- Figure 12 shows a top view of a portion of tread of a reference tire R2, in new condition (Michelin 24.00 R 35 XTRA LOAD range GRIP).
- the so-called open tread pattern comprises, in a middle portion and in the two lateral portions extending it, a network of wide longitudinal and transverse grooves allowing mud to be captured over the entire tread surface and evacuated at the less partly by transverse grooves opening on the edges of the tread. More specifically, the substantially longitudinal grooves do not meet the efficiency criterion of a groove (W>0.6*H).
- the longitudinal groove of the middle portion has a width equal to 21 mm and a height equal to 44 mm in height
- the longitudinal groove of each side portion has a width equal to 37 mm and a height equal to 70 mm. Only the transverse grooves respect the efficiency criterion of a groove, with a width equal to 44 mm and a height equal to 74 mm, in each lateral portion, as well as a width equal to 48 mm and a height equal to 67 mm, in the middle portion.
- the invention has been more particularly studied for a tire for a civil engineering vehicle of the dumper type in the dimension 24.00R35, but is applicable to dimensions comprised, for example, between dimension 18.00R33 and dimension 59/80 R63.
- the tire according to the invention I performs better in terms of grip on a ground wet or muddy, due to a volume of effective cavities VCE greater than those of the reference tires R1 and R2, especially beyond 50% wear of the tire.
- the tires according to the invention I and of reference RI have substantially equivalent grip performance.
- the inventors have found that, for the tire I according to the invention, the difference in pressures, measured in the contact surface with the ground, between the middle portion and each lateral portion, was reduced compared to the reference tire RI. This pressure difference is equal to 1.75 bars for the reference tire RI, whereas it is equal to 1 bar for the tire according to the invention I.
- the pressure distribution in the contact surface is more uniform for a tire according to the invention I, which guarantees more uniform wear along the axial width of the tread.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21790953.0A EP4217212A1 (fr) | 2020-09-23 | 2021-09-22 | Pneumatique pour vehicule lourd de genie civil a adherence amelioree |
| CN202180064163.4A CN116368020A (zh) | 2020-09-23 | 2021-09-22 | 用于重型土木工程车辆的具有改进抓地性的轮胎 |
| BR112023004432A BR112023004432A2 (pt) | 2020-09-23 | 2021-09-22 | Pneumático para veículo pesado de engenharia civil com aderência melhorada |
| US18/027,871 US20230373253A1 (en) | 2020-09-23 | 2021-09-22 | Tire with Improved Grip for a Heavy Civil Engineering Vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FRFR2009632 | 2020-09-23 | ||
| FR2009632A FR3114271B1 (fr) | 2020-09-23 | 2020-09-23 | Pneumatique pour véhicule lourd de génie civil à adhérence améliorée |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2022064134A1 true WO2022064134A1 (fr) | 2022-03-31 |
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ID=73643065
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2021/051619 Ceased WO2022064134A1 (fr) | 2020-09-23 | 2021-09-22 | Pneumatique pour vehicule lourd de genie civil a adherence amelioree |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20230373253A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4217212A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN116368020A (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR112023004432A2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3114271B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2022064134A1 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20240424837A1 (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2024-12-26 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Tire and tire tread |
| WO2025082836A1 (fr) | 2023-10-19 | 2025-04-24 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatique pour un véhicule lourd de génie civil à adhérence améliorée |
| WO2025082837A1 (fr) | 2023-10-19 | 2025-04-24 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatique pour un véhicule lourd de génie civil avec des performances en usure et en endurance améliorées |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP1748893S (ja) * | 2023-02-02 | 2023-07-19 | 自動車用タイヤ | |
| JP1748932S (ja) * | 2023-02-13 | 2023-07-19 | 自動車用タイヤ | |
| JP2024118533A (ja) * | 2023-02-21 | 2024-09-02 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | 重荷重用タイヤ |
| JP2025169610A (ja) * | 2024-05-01 | 2025-11-14 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | 重荷重用タイヤ及び重荷重用タイヤの製造方法 |
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| JPH0396407A (ja) * | 1989-09-07 | 1991-04-22 | Bridgestone Corp | タイヤ用プレキュアトレッドおよびそれを用いたタイヤ |
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| JP2010042695A (ja) * | 2008-08-08 | 2010-02-25 | Bridgestone Corp | プレキュアトレッドおよびこれを用いた更生タイヤ |
| WO2010030276A1 (fr) * | 2008-09-11 | 2010-03-18 | Michelin Recherche Et Technique S.A. | Bande de roulement de pneu à surface variable et pneu |
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| WO2014183890A1 (fr) * | 2013-05-17 | 2014-11-20 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Pneumatique de véhicule comprenant un système de cavités à l'intérieur de la bande de roulement et procédé de fabrication dudit pneumatique |
| WO2019092365A1 (fr) * | 2017-11-07 | 2019-05-16 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneu ayant une bande de roulement combinant des incisions inclinees avec un materiau specifique |
| WO2019122791A1 (fr) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-06-27 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneu pour poids lourd ameliore en endurance |
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| FR3044596A1 (fr) * | 2015-12-07 | 2017-06-09 | Michelin & Cie | Bande de roulement de pneumatique pour vehicule lourd de type genie civil |
| FR3044597A1 (fr) * | 2015-12-07 | 2017-06-09 | Michelin & Cie | Bande de roulement de pneumatique pour vehicule lourd de type genie civil |
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2020
- 2020-09-23 FR FR2009632A patent/FR3114271B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-09-22 BR BR112023004432A patent/BR112023004432A2/pt unknown
- 2021-09-22 WO PCT/FR2021/051619 patent/WO2022064134A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2021-09-22 CN CN202180064163.4A patent/CN116368020A/zh active Pending
- 2021-09-22 EP EP21790953.0A patent/EP4217212A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-09-22 US US18/027,871 patent/US20230373253A1/en active Pending
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20240424837A1 (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2024-12-26 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Tire and tire tread |
| WO2025082836A1 (fr) | 2023-10-19 | 2025-04-24 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatique pour un véhicule lourd de génie civil à adhérence améliorée |
| WO2025082837A1 (fr) | 2023-10-19 | 2025-04-24 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatique pour un véhicule lourd de génie civil avec des performances en usure et en endurance améliorées |
| FR3154345A1 (fr) | 2023-10-19 | 2025-04-25 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatique pour un véhicule lourd de génie civil à adhérence améliorée |
| FR3154346A1 (fr) | 2023-10-19 | 2025-04-25 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatique pour un véhicule lourd de génie civil avec des performances en usure et en endurance améliorées |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4217212A1 (fr) | 2023-08-02 |
| BR112023004432A2 (pt) | 2023-04-11 |
| CN116368020A (zh) | 2023-06-30 |
| FR3114271A1 (fr) | 2022-03-25 |
| FR3114271B1 (fr) | 2023-03-03 |
| US20230373253A1 (en) | 2023-11-23 |
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