WO2021193895A1 - 光学部材ならびに該光学部材を用いたバックライトユニットおよび画像表示装置 - Google Patents
光学部材ならびに該光学部材を用いたバックライトユニットおよび画像表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021193895A1 WO2021193895A1 PCT/JP2021/012770 JP2021012770W WO2021193895A1 WO 2021193895 A1 WO2021193895 A1 WO 2021193895A1 JP 2021012770 W JP2021012770 W JP 2021012770W WO 2021193895 A1 WO2021193895 A1 WO 2021193895A1
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- Prior art keywords
- guide plate
- outer edge
- light
- light guide
- double
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0081—Mechanical or electrical aspects of the light guide and light source in the lighting device peculiar to the adaptation to planar light guides, e.g. concerning packaging
- G02B6/0086—Positioning aspects
- G02B6/0088—Positioning aspects of the light guide or other optical sheets in the package
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S2/00—Systems of lighting devices, not provided for in main groups F21S4/00 - F21S10/00 or F21S19/00, e.g. of modular construction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J7/00—Adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J7/30—Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
- C09J7/38—Pressure-sensitive adhesives [PSA]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V17/00—Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
- F21V9/40—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters with provision for controlling spectral properties, e.g. colour, or intensity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
- G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
- G02F1/133611—Direct backlight including means for improving the brightness uniformity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/12—Bonding of a preformed macromolecular material to the same or other solid material such as metal, glass, leather, e.g. using adhesives
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V2200/00—Use of light guides, e.g. fibre optic devices, in lighting devices or systems
- F21V2200/20—Use of light guides, e.g. fibre optic devices, in lighting devices or systems of light guides of a generally planar shape
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2103/00—Elongate light sources, e.g. fluorescent tubes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
- G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
- G02F2202/28—Adhesive materials or arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical member, a backlight unit using the optical member, and an image display device.
- a technique of laminating a light guide plate and a reflector via a low refractive index layer is known. According to such a technique, it is reported that the light utilization efficiency is higher than that in the case of simply laminating with only an adhesive by using a low refractive index layer. However, even with such a technique, the light is emitted near the incident surface of the light from the light source, and the uniformity of the brightness may not be sufficient.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and a main object thereof is to provide an optical member capable of realizing a backlight unit having excellent uniformity of brightness.
- the optical member according to the embodiment of the present invention has a guide having an end surface on which light from a light source is incident, an emission surface on which the incident light is emitted, and a light extraction pattern provided on a surface opposite to the emission surface.
- a light plate and a reflector attached to the light guide plate via a double-sided adhesive film;
- the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive film has a first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, a low refractive index layer, and a second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer in this order from the light guide plate side.
- the outer edge of the light guide plate is located outside the outer edge of the double-sided adhesive film, and the outer edge of the double-sided adhesive film is located outside the outer edge of the light extraction pattern.
- the optical member sets the maximum value of the distance between the outer edge of the light guide plate and the outer edge of the light extraction pattern as A, and the maximum distance between the outer edge of the light guide plate and the outer edge of the double-sided adhesive film.
- the value is B
- the relationship of A> 2B is satisfied.
- a backlight unit includes a light source; the optical member whose end faces are arranged to face the light source; and a housing for accommodating the light source and the optical member.
- an image display device is provided. This image display device includes the backlight unit and an image display panel arranged on the exit surface side of the light guide plate.
- the outer edge of the light guide plate is located outside the outer edge of the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive film and both sides are located.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical member according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the optical member 100 of the illustrated example has a light guide plate 10 and a reflector 30 attached to the light guide plate 10 via a double-sided adhesive film 20.
- the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive film 20 has a first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 21, a low-refractive index layer 22, and a second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 23 from the light guide plate 10 side.
- the base material 24 is provided between the low refractive index layer 22 and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 23.
- the low refractive index layer 22 is formed on the surface of the base material 24, and the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 21 and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 23 are formed on both sides of the laminate of the base material 24 and the low-refractive index layer 22. Can be placed.
- the light guide plate 10 has an end surface 10a on which light from a light source is incident, an exit surface 10b that emits the incident light, and a light extraction pattern 10c provided on a surface opposite to the exit surface 10b. That is, the light guide plate 10 is typically an edge light system in which light is incident from the end face 10a. More specifically, the light guide plate 10 guides the light incident on the end face 10a from the light source to the end side facing the end face 10a while receiving an internal reflection action or the like, and gradually emits the light in the light guide process. Emit from surface 10b.
- the light extraction pattern 10c can contribute to the reflection action and the like in the light guide. Examples of the light extraction pattern include white dots and uneven shapes.
- the light extraction pattern 10c can be formed by, for example, printing such as silk printing, injection molding, laser processing, or embossing.
- An emission pattern is typically provided on the emission surface 10b. Examples of the emission pattern include a concave-convex shape.
- the light guide plate 10 is typically a plate-like material composed of a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, or a photocurable resin. Examples of the resin constituting the light guide plate include (meth) acrylic resin, polycarbonate resin, cyclic olefin resin, styrene resin, and copolymer resins thereof.
- the reflector 30 may be a specular reflector or a diffuse reflector.
- the reflective plate include vapor deposition of aluminum, silver, etc. on a base material such as a highly reflective resin sheet (for example, acrylic plate), a thin metal plate such as aluminum or stainless steel, or a metal foil or a resin film such as polyester. Examples thereof include a sheet, a laminate of a base material such as a resin film such as polyester and a metal foil such as aluminum, and a resin film having pores (voids) formed inside.
- the outer edge of the light guide plate 10 is located outside the outer edge of the double-sided adhesive film 20, and the outer edge of the double-sided adhesive film 20 is the light extraction pattern 10c of the light guide plate 10. It is located outside the outer edge.
- the outer edge of the double-sided adhesive film 20 does not protrude from the outer edge of the light guide plate 10
- the outer edge of the light extraction pattern 10c does not protrude from the outer edge of the double-sided adhesive film 20.
- each of the light guide plate 10 and the double-sided adhesive film 20 typically has a rectangular shape in a plan view.
- the light extraction pattern 10c has a predetermined pattern when viewed in a plan view, but the outer edge of the patterned region can be defined as a substantially rectangular shape as shown in FIG.
- the length of the long side of the light guide plate 10 is longer than the length of the long side of the double-sided adhesive film 20, and the length of the short side of the light guide plate 10 is the length of the short side of the double-sided adhesive film 20.
- the length of the long side of the double-sided adhesive film 20 is longer than the length of the long side of the light extraction pattern 10c, and the length of the short side of the double-sided adhesive film 20 is the length of the short side of the light extraction pattern 10c. Longer than that.
- the optical member has a maximum value of the distance between the outer edge of the light guide plate 10 and the outer edge of the light extraction pattern 10c as A (mm), and the distance between the outer edge of the light guide plate 10 and the outer edge of the double-sided adhesive film 20.
- A mm
- B mm
- the relationship of A> 2B is satisfied.
- the double-sided adhesive film will be described in detail below. Since the light guide plate and the reflector may have a structure well known in the industry, the description other than the above will be omitted.
- the double-sided adhesive film has a first adhesive layer 21, a low refractive index layer 22, and practically a base material 24 and a second adhesive from the light guide plate 10 side. It has an agent layer 23.
- the porosity of the low refractive index layer 22 is, for example, 40% by volume or more.
- Storage modulus at 23 ° C. of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is, for example, 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 (Pa) ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 10 7 (Pa), the storage modulus at 23 ° C. of the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is, for example, 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 (Pa) or less.
- the ratio of the thickness of the low refractive index layer to the total thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layers present in the double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive film is, for example, 0.10% to 5.00%, preferably 0.11% to 4 It is .50%, more preferably 0.12% to 4.00%.
- the thickness ratio is in such a range, damage to the low refractive index layer due to vibration can be further suppressed. More specifically, in in-vehicle applications and / or amusement applications, where large vibrations are present not only in the vertical direction but also in the horizontal direction, it is possible to satisfactorily suppress damage to the low refractive index layer, which is inferior in strength in the horizontal direction. can.
- the base material may typically be composed of a film or plate of resin (preferably a transparent resin).
- resins include thermoplastic resins and reactive resins (for example, ionizing radiation curable resins).
- thermoplastic resin include (meth) acrylic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and polyacrylonitrile, polycarbonate (PC) resins, polyester resins such as PET, and cellulose-based resins such as triacetyl cellulose (TAC). Examples thereof include resins, cyclic polyolefin resins, and styrene resins.
- the ionizing radiation curable resin include epoxy acrylate resins and urethane acrylate resins. These resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the thickness of the base material is, for example, 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
- the refractive index of the base material is preferably 1.47 or more, more preferably 1.47 to 1.60, and further preferably 1.47 to 1.55. Within such a range, the light can be guided to the image display cell without adversely affecting the light extracted from the light guide plate.
- the low refractive index layer typically has voids inside.
- the porosity of the low refractive index layer is 40% by volume or more, typically 50% by volume or more, preferably 70% by volume or more, and more preferably 80% by volume or more.
- the porosity is, for example, 90% by volume or less, preferably 85% by volume or less.
- the porosity is a value obtained by calculating the porosity from the value of the refractive index measured by an ellipsometer from Lorentz-Lorenz's formula (Lorentz-Lorenz's formula).
- the refractive index of the low refractive index layer is preferably 1.30 or less, more preferably 1.20 or less, and further preferably 1.15 or less.
- the lower limit of the refractive index can be, for example, 1.01. Within such a range, it is possible to realize extremely excellent light utilization efficiency in the laminated structure of the light guide plate and the peripheral member obtained via the optical laminate with the double-sided adhesive layer.
- Refractive index refers to the refractive index measured at a wavelength of 550 nm unless otherwise specified.
- the refractive index is a value measured by the method described in "(1) Refractive index of a low refractive index layer" in the following Examples.
- the low refractive index layer can be preferably formed by coating, printing, or the like.
- the material constituting the low refractive index layer for example, the materials described in International Publication No. 2004/1193966, JP2013-254183A, and JP2012-189802 can be adopted.
- silica-based compounds for example, silica-based compounds; hydrolyzable silanes and their partial hydrolysates and dehydration condensates; organic polymers; silicon compounds containing silanol groups; silicates in contact with acids and ion exchange resins.
- Active silica obtained by allowing the mixture; polymerizable monomers (eg, (meth) acrylic monomers, and styrene monomers); curable resins (eg, (meth) acrylic resins, fluorine-containing resins, and urethane resins); These combinations can be mentioned.
- the low index of refraction layer can be formed by coating or printing a solution or dispersion of such a material.
- the size of the void (hole) in the low refractive index layer shall indicate the diameter of the major axis of the diameter of the major axis and the diameter of the minor axis of the void (hole).
- the size of the voids (pores) is, for example, 2 nm to 500 nm.
- the size of the voids (pores) is, for example, 2 nm or more, preferably 5 nm or more, more preferably 10 nm or more, and further preferably 20 nm or more.
- the size of the void (pore) is, for example, 500 nm or less, preferably 200 nm or less, and more preferably 100 nm or less.
- the size range of the voids (pores) is, for example, 2 nm to 500 nm, preferably 5 nm to 500 nm, more preferably 10 nm to 200 nm, and even more preferably 20 nm to 100 nm.
- the size of the void (hole) can be adjusted to a desired size according to the purpose, application, and the like.
- the size of the voids (pores) can be quantified by the BET test method.
- the size of the void (hole) can be quantified by the BET test method. Specifically, 0.1 g of a sample (formed void layer) was put into the capillary of a specific surface area measuring device (manufactured by Micromeritic Co., Ltd .: ASAP2020), and then dried under reduced pressure at room temperature for 24 hours to allow voids. Degas the gas in the structure. Then, by adsorbing nitrogen gas on the sample, an adsorption isotherm is drawn and the pore distribution is obtained. Thereby, the void size can be evaluated.
- a specific surface area measuring device manufactured by Micromeritic Co., Ltd .: ASAP2020
- the haze of the low refractive index layer is, for example, less than 5%, preferably less than 3%.
- the haze is, for example, 0.1% or more, preferably 0.2% or more.
- the range of haze is, for example, 0.1% or more and less than 5%, preferably 0.2% or more and less than 3%.
- the haze can be measured by, for example, the following method.
- Haze is an index of transparency of the low refractive index layer.
- the void layer (low refractive index layer) is cut into a size of 50 mm ⁇ 50 mm and set in a haze meter (manufactured by Murakami Color Technology Research Institute: HM-150) to measure haze.
- the haze value is calculated from the following formula.
- Haze (%) [Diffusion transmittance (%) / Total light transmittance (%)] x 100 (%)
- Examples of the low refractive index layer having voids inside include a porous layer and / or a low refractive index layer having at least a part of an air layer.
- the porous layer typically includes airgel and / or particles (eg, hollow microparticles and / or porous particles).
- the low refractive index layer preferably a nanoporous layer (specifically, a porous layer within a diameter of more than 90% of the micropores of 10 -1 nm ⁇ 10 3 nm) .
- the particles are typically composed of silica-based compounds.
- the shape of the particles includes, for example, a spherical shape, a plate shape, a needle shape, a string shape, and a tuft of grapes.
- the string-shaped particles include, for example, particles in which a plurality of particles having a spherical, plate-like, or needle-like shape are connected in a bead shape, and short fibrous particles (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-188104). Short fibrous particles), and combinations thereof.
- the string-shaped particles may be linear or branched.
- Examples of the tufted particles of grape include those in which a plurality of spherical, plate-shaped, and needle-shaped particles are aggregated to form a tuft of grape.
- the shape of the particles can be confirmed, for example, by observing with a transmission electron microscope.
- the thickness of the low refractive index layer is preferably 0.2 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, and more preferably 0.3 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the low refractive index layer is within such a range, the damage prevention effect according to the present invention becomes remarkable. Further, the desired thickness ratio can be easily realized.
- the low refractive index layer of the present embodiment is composed of one or a plurality of types of structural units that form a fine void structure, and the structural units are chemically bonded to each other via catalytic action.
- Examples of the shape of the structural unit include a particle shape, a fibrous shape, a rod shape, and a flat plate shape.
- the structural unit may have only one shape, or may have a combination of two or more shapes. In the following, a case where the low refractive index layer is a porous void layer in which the fine pore particles are chemically bonded to each other will be mainly described.
- Such a void layer can be formed, for example, by chemically bonding fine pore particles to each other in the void layer forming step.
- the shape of the "particle" (for example, the fine pore particles) is not particularly limited, and may be spherical or another shape, for example.
- the fine pore particles may be, for example, sol-gel beaded particles, nanoparticles (hollow nanosilica / nanoballoon particles), nanofibers and the like.
- the micropore particles typically contain an inorganic substance. Specific examples of the inorganic substance include silicon (Si), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), zinc (Zn), and zirconium (Zr).
- the microporous particles are, for example, microporous particles of a silicon compound
- the porous body is, for example, a silicone porous body.
- the fine-pore particles of the silicon compound include, for example, a pulverized body of a gel-like silica compound.
- the low refractive index layer having a porous layer and / or an air layer at least in a part for example, it is made of a fibrous substance such as nanofibers, and the fibrous substances are entangled to form voids. There is a layered void layer.
- the method for producing such a void layer is not particularly limited, and is the same as, for example, in the case of a porous void layer in which the fine-pore particles are chemically bonded to each other.
- Still another form includes a void layer using hollow nanoparticles and nanoclay, and a void layer formed by using hollow nanoballoons and magnesium fluoride.
- the void layer may be a void layer composed of a single constituent substance, or may be a void layer composed of a plurality of constituent substances.
- the void layer may be composed of the single above-mentioned form, or may be composed of a plurality of the above-mentioned forms.
- the porous structure of the porous body can be, for example, a continuous foam structure having a continuous pore structure.
- the continuous foam structure means that, for example, in the above-mentioned silicone porous body, the pore structures are three-dimensionally connected, and it can be said that the internal voids of the pore structure are continuous. Since the porous body has a continuous foam structure, it is possible to increase the porosity. However, when single-foam particles such as hollow silica (particles having individual pore structures) are used, a continuous-foam structure cannot be formed.
- the coating film (crushed product of gel-like silicon compound) is included because the particles have a three-dimensional dendritic structure.
- the dendritic particles settle and deposit in the sol coating film), so that a continuous foam structure can be easily formed.
- the low index of refraction layer more preferably has a monolithic structure in which the continuous foam structure includes a plurality of pore distributions.
- the monolith structure means, for example, a hierarchical structure including a structure in which nano-sized fine voids are present and a continuous bubble structure in which the nano-voids are aggregated.
- a monolith structure for example, it is possible to impart both film strength and high porosity by imparting a high porosity with coarse continuous bubble voids while imparting film strength with fine voids.
- Such a monolith structure can be preferably formed by controlling the pore distribution of the void structure formed in the gel (gel-like silicon compound) in the pre-stage of pulverization into silica sol particles. Further, for example, when pulverizing a gel-like silicon compound, a monolith structure can be formed by controlling the particle size distribution of the pulverized silica sol particles to a desired size.
- the low refractive index layer contains, for example, a pulverized product of a gel-like compound as described above, and the pulverized products are chemically bonded to each other.
- the form of the chemical bond (chemical bond) between the ground products in the low refractive index layer is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a cross-linking bond, a covalent bond, and a hydrogen bond.
- the volume average particle size of the pulverized product in the low refractive index layer is, for example, 0.10 ⁇ m or more, preferably 0.20 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 0.40 ⁇ m or more.
- the volume average particle size is, for example, 2.00 ⁇ m or less, preferably 1.50 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 1.00 ⁇ m or less.
- the range of the volume average particle size is, for example, 0.10 ⁇ m to 2.00 ⁇ m, preferably 0.20 ⁇ m to 1.50 ⁇ m, and more preferably 0.40 ⁇ m to 1.00 ⁇ m.
- the particle size distribution can be measured by, for example, a particle size distribution evaluation device such as a dynamic light scattering method or a laser diffraction method, or an electron microscope such as a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or a transmission electron microscope (TEM).
- a particle size distribution evaluation device such as a dynamic light scattering method or a laser diffraction method
- an electron microscope such as a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or a transmission electron microscope (TEM).
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- TEM transmission electron microscope
- the type of gel compound is not particularly limited.
- examples of the gel-like compound include a gel-like silicon compound.
- the contained silicon atoms are siloxane bonded.
- the proportion of unbonded silicon atoms (that is, residual silanol) in the total silicon atoms contained in the void layer is, for example, less than 50%, preferably 30% or less, and more preferably 15%. It is as follows.
- the method is typically a precursor forming step of forming a void structure which is a precursor of a low refractive index layer (void layer) on a resin film, and a cross-linking reaction inside the precursor after the precursor forming step. Includes a cross-linking reaction step, which causes
- the method includes a step of preparing a containing liquid for producing a containing liquid containing fine pore particles (hereinafter, may be referred to as a “micropore particle-containing liquid” or simply a “containing liquid”), and a drying method for drying the containing liquid. Further including a step, in the precursor forming step, the fine pore particles in the dried body are chemically bonded to each other to form a precursor.
- the containing liquid is not particularly limited, and is, for example, a suspension containing fine pore particles.
- the fine pore particles are a pulverized product of a gel-like compound and the void layer is a porous body containing the pulverized product of the gel-like compound (preferably a silicone porous body) will be described.
- the low refractive index layer can be similarly formed when the fine pore particles are other than the pulverized product of the gel-like compound.
- a low refractive index layer (void layer) having a very low refractive index is formed.
- the reason is presumed as follows, for example.
- the speculation does not limit the method of forming the low refractive index layer.
- the crushed product is a crushed gel-like silicon compound
- the three-dimensional structure of the gel-like silicon compound before crushing is dispersed in the three-dimensional basic structure.
- a crushed product of a gel-like silicon compound is applied onto a resin film to form a precursor having a porous structure based on a three-dimensional basic structure. That is, according to the above method, a new porous structure (three-dimensional basic structure) is formed by coating the pulverized material, which is different from the three-dimensional structure of the gel-like silicon compound. Therefore, in the finally obtained void layer, it is possible to realize a low refractive index that functions as much as, for example, an air layer. Further, in the above method, the three-dimensional basic structure is immobilized because the pulverized products are chemically bonded to each other. Therefore, the finally obtained void layer can maintain sufficient strength and flexibility even though it has a structure having voids.
- the first adhesive layer has a hardness such that the adhesive constituting the first adhesive layer does not penetrate into the voids of the low refractive index layer under normal conditions.
- Storage modulus at 23 ° C. of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is as described above 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 (Pa) ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 10 7 (Pa).
- the storage elastic modulus is based on the method described in JIS K7244-1 "Plastic-Test method for dynamic mechanical properties", and the temperature rise rate is 5 ° C. in the range of -50 ° C to 150 ° C under the condition of frequency 1 Hz. It is obtained by reading the value at 23 ° C. when measured in minutes.
- any suitable pressure-sensitive adhesive can be used as long as it has the above-mentioned characteristics.
- Typical examples of the pressure-sensitive adhesive include an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive (acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive composition).
- the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive composition typically contains a (meth) acrylic polymer as a main component (base polymer).
- the (meth) acrylic polymer can be contained in the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition in a proportion of, for example, 50% by weight or more, preferably 70% by weight or more, and more preferably 90% by weight or more in the solid content of the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition.
- the (meth) acrylic polymer contains an alkyl (meth) acrylate as a main component as a monomer unit.
- (meth) acrylate means acrylate and / or methacrylate.
- alkyl group of the alkyl (meth) acrylate include a linear or branched-chain alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms. The average number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is preferably 3 to 9.
- the monomers constituting the (meth) acrylic polymer include carboxyl group-containing monomers, hydroxyl group-containing monomers, amide group-containing monomers, aromatic ring-containing (meth) acrylates, and heterocyclic ring-containing (meth) monomers. Examples thereof include comonomer such as acrylate.
- the comonomer is preferably a hydroxyl group-containing monomer and / or a heterocyclic-containing (meth) acrylate, and more preferably N-acryloyl morpholine.
- the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive composition may preferably contain a silane coupling agent and / or a cross-linking agent.
- the silane coupling agent include an epoxy group-containing silane coupling agent.
- the cross-linking agent include isocyanate-based cross-linking agents and peroxide-based cross-linking agents. Details of such a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer or an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive composition are described in, for example, Japanese Patent No. 4140736, and the description in the patent gazette is incorporated herein by reference.
- the thickness of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is preferably 3 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, and more preferably 5 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is within such a range, it has an advantage that the influence of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer thickness on the total thickness is small while having sufficient adhesive force. Further, the desired thickness ratio can be easily realized.
- the second adhesive layer is composed of any suitable adhesive.
- the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is composed of a pressure-sensitive adhesive having a softness capable of absorbing vibration transmission and suppressing damage to the low refractive index layer. Storage modulus at 23 ° C.
- 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 (Pa) or less e.g., 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 (Pa) or less, 9.5 ⁇ 10 4 (Pa) or less, 9.0 ⁇ 10 4 (Pa) or less, 8.5 ⁇ 10 4 (Pa) or less, 8.0 ⁇ 10 4 (Pa) or less, 7.5 ⁇ 10 4 (Pa) or less, Or 7.0 ⁇ 10 4 (Pa) or less and 1.0 ⁇ 10 3 (Pa) or more, 5.0 ⁇ 10 3 (Pa) or more, 1.0 ⁇ 10 4 (Pa) or more, or 5 It is 0.0 ⁇ 10 4 (Pa) or more. It is preferably 5.0 ⁇ 10 3 (Pa) to 9.0 ⁇ 10 4 (Pa) or less, and more preferably 1.0 ⁇ 10 4 (Pa) to 8.5 ⁇ 10 4 (Pa).
- any suitable pressure-sensitive adhesive can be used as long as it has the above-mentioned characteristics.
- Typical examples of the pressure-sensitive adhesive include an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive (acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive composition).
- the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive composition is as described in Section B-4 above.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive constituting the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer preferably does not contain a heterocyclic (meth) acrylate as a comonomer.
- the weight average molecular weight Mw of the base polymer in the pressure-sensitive adhesive composition is preferably 20000 or less, and more preferably 5000 to 1600000.
- the thickness of the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is preferably 5 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m, and more preferably 10 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m. If the thickness of the second adhesive layer is within such a range, the impact can be alleviated and the damage to the low refractive index layer can be reduced, especially when vibrating in the lateral direction, and it occurs when the image display device is assembled. It is possible to reduce the distortion in the configuration to be performed, and as a result, the brightness unevenness at the time of displaying an image can be reduced. Further, the desired thickness ratio can be easily realized.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the backlight unit according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- the backlight unit 200 includes a light source 120; an optical member 100 according to items A and B in which an end surface 10a of a light guide plate 10 is arranged so as to face the light source 120; and a housing that houses the light source 120 and the optical member 100. 140 and;
- the light source 120 is arranged on one end side of the light guide plate 10 so as to face the end surface 10a of the light guide plate. Therefore, the backlight unit is typically an edge light type.
- the light source 120 is typically surrounded by a reflector (not shown). Any suitable configuration can be adopted as the light source. Specific examples include a light emitting diode (LED: Light Emitting Dimension), a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL: Cold Fluorescent Lamp), an external electrode fluorescent lamp (EEFL: External Electrolectrode Fluorescent Lamp), and a hot cathode fluorescent lamp (HCFL). ).
- LED Light Emitting Dimension
- CCFL Cold Fluorescent Lamp
- EFL External Electrolectrode Fluorescent Lamp
- HCFL hot cathode fluorescent lamp
- an LED light source may be used.
- the LED light source can be typically configured by arranging LEDs (point light sources) in a row.
- the housing 140 has a front surface portion 141 and a back surface portion 142, and houses the light source 120 and the optical member 100.
- the back surface portion 142 has a box shape with an upper side (front side) open, and the front surface portion 141 projects inward from the back surface portion at a pair of opposite end portions of the back surface portion 142.
- the front surface portion 141 and the back surface portion 142 are typically fixed and integrated. With such a configuration, the housing 140 can be fitted with the optical member 100.
- the backlight unit according to item C can be suitably used for an image display device (for example, a liquid crystal display or the like). Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention also includes such an image display device.
- the image display device includes the backlight unit according to the above item C and an image display panel arranged on the exit surface side of the light guide plate.
- Luminance uniformity The backlight units obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples were turned on, and the brightness uniformity was visually confirmed. It was evaluated according to the following criteria. ⁇ : Brightness is uniform throughout ⁇ : Light leakage is observed and brightness is non-uniform.
- IPA isopropyl alcohol
- the mixture C was lightly stirred and then allowed to stand at room temperature for 6 hours to decant the solvent and catalyst in the gel.
- the same decantation treatment was carried out three times to replace the solvent, and a mixed solution D was obtained.
- the gelled silicon compound in the mixed solution D was pulverized (high pressure medialess pulverization).
- a homogenizer manufactured by SMT Co., Ltd., trade name “UH-50” was used, and 1.85 g of the gel compound in the mixed solution D and IPA were placed in a 5 cc screw bottle.
- the mixture was pulverized for 2 minutes under the conditions of 50 W and 20 kHz.
- the gel-like silicon compound in the mixed solution D was pulverized, so that the mixed solution D'became a sol solution of the pulverized product.
- the volume average particle size indicating the variation in the particle size of the pulverized product contained in the mixed solution D' was confirmed by a dynamic light scattering type nanotrack particle size analyzer (manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd., UPA-EX150 type). It was 0.70.
- an acrylic polymer solution 0.2 parts of isocyanate cross-linking agent (Coronate L manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd., Adduct of trimethylolpropane tolylene diisocyanate) and benzoyl peroxide (Japan) with respect to 100 parts of the solid content of the obtained acrylic polymer solution.
- the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive solution was applied to one side of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Polyester Film Co., Ltd., thickness: 38 ⁇ m) subjected to silicone treatment, and the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer after drying was 20 ⁇ m. And dried at 150 ° C. for 3 minutes to form an adhesive layer.
- the resulting storage modulus of the pressure-sensitive adhesive was 1.3 ⁇ 10 5 (Pa).
- an isocyanate cross-linking agent Takenate D110N manufactured by Mitsui Takeda Chemical Co., Ltd., trimethylolpropane xylylene diisocyanate
- benzoyl peroxide manufactured by Nippon Oil & Fats Co., Ltd.
- a solution of the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive composition was prepared by blending 0.1 part of niper BMT) and 0.2 part of ⁇ -glycidoxypropylmethoxysilane (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd .: KBM-403).
- the solution of the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive composition was applied to one side of a polyethylene terephthalate film (separator film: manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Polyester Film Co., Ltd., MRF38) treated with a silicone-based release agent, and applied at 150 ° C. for 3 minutes. Drying was performed to form an adhesive layer having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m on the surface of the separator film.
- the storage elastic modulus of the obtained pressure-sensitive adhesive was 8.2 ⁇ 10 4 (Pa).
- Example 1 The backlight unit was taken out from a commercially available liquid crystal display device (manufactured by KING JIM, trade name "XMC10").
- the light guide plate was taken out from the taken-out backlight unit (substantially, the housing).
- the double-sided adhesive film obtained in Production Example 4 was cut out so that its size was smaller than the size of the light guide plate and larger than the size of the light extraction pattern provided on the light guide plate.
- the size of the cut-out double-sided adhesive film is 119 mm ⁇ 176.5 mm
- the size of the light guide plate is 120 mm ⁇ 179 mm
- the light extraction pattern substantially, the outer edge of the patterned area.
- the size was 117 mm ⁇ 173 mm.
- a light guide plate and a commercially available reflector manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc., trade name "Lumirror (registered trademark) # 225 E6SR" were bonded to each other via a double-sided adhesive film cut out to the above size to obtain an optical member.
- the light guide plate was attached to the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. In the bonding, neither the protrusion of the outer edge of the double-sided adhesive film from the outer edge of the light guide plate and the protrusion of the outer edge of the light extraction pattern from the outer edge of the double-sided adhesive film were observed.
- the obtained optical member was reassembled into the housing to manufacture a backlight unit.
- the obtained backlight unit was subjected to the evaluation of (2) above. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 1 An optical member and a backlight unit were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the double-sided adhesive film was cut out to the same size as the light guide plate. In the bonding, the outer edge of the double-sided adhesive film was found to protrude from the outer edge of the light guide plate. The obtained backlight unit was subjected to the same evaluation as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 An optical member and a backlight unit were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the double-sided adhesive film was cut out to the same size as the light extraction pattern. In the bonding, the outer edge of the light extraction pattern was found to protrude from the outer edge of the double-sided adhesive film. The obtained backlight unit was subjected to the same evaluation as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the size of the light guide plate, the double-sided adhesive film, and the light extraction pattern of the light guide plate is adjusted so that the outer edge of the light guide plate is outside the outer edge of the double-sided adhesive film. It can be seen that a backlight unit having excellent brightness uniformity can be realized by configuring the double-sided adhesive film so as to be located outside the outer edge of the light extraction pattern of the light guide plate.
- optical member and the backlight unit of the present invention can be suitably used for the backlight unit of an image display device (particularly, a liquid crystal display device).
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Abstract
Description
1つの実施形態においては、上記光学部材は、上記導光板の外縁と上記光取り出しパターンの外縁との距離の最大値をA、上記導光板の外縁と該両面粘着フィルムの外縁との距離の最大値をBとしたとき、A>2Bの関係を満足する。
本発明の別の局面によれば、バックライトユニットが提供される。このバックライトユニットは、光源と;該光源に上記端面が対向して配置された上記光学部材と;該光源および該光学部材を収容する筐体と;を備える。
本発明のさらに別の局面によれば、画像表示装置が提供される。この画像表示装置は、上記のバックライトユニットと、上記導光板の上記出射面側に配置された画像表示パネルと、を有する。
図1は、本発明の1つの実施形態による光学部材の概略断面図である。図示例の光学部材100は、導光板10と、導光板10に両面粘着フィルム20を介して貼り合わされた反射板30と、を有する。両面粘着フィルム20は、導光板10側から、第1の粘着剤層21と低屈折率層22と第2の粘着剤層23とを有する。実用的には、低屈折率層22と第2の粘着剤層23との間に、基材24が設けられる。より詳細には、基材24表面に低屈折率層22が形成され、基材24と低屈折率層22との積層体の両側に第1の粘着剤層21および第2の粘着剤層23が配置され得る。
B-1.両面粘着フィルムの概略
上記A項で説明したとおり、両面粘着フィルムは、導光板10側から、第1の粘着剤層21と低屈折率層22と実用的には基材24と第2の粘着剤層23とを有する。低屈折率層22の空隙率は、例えば40体積%以上である。第1の粘着剤層の23℃における貯蔵弾性率は例えば1.0×105(Pa)~1.0×107(Pa)であり、第2の粘着剤層の23℃における貯蔵弾性率は例えば1.0×105(Pa)以下である。低屈折率層に隣接する第1の粘着剤層の貯蔵弾性率を上記のように高くすることにより、粘着剤が低屈折率層の空隙に入り込むことを防止できるので、低屈折率層の屈折率を低く維持して、その効果を維持することができる。さらに、もう一方の粘着剤層である第2の粘着剤層の貯蔵弾性率をこのように低くすることにより、振動による低屈折率層の破損を抑制することができる。振動に対する低屈折率層の破損抑制効果は、光学部材を車載用途および/またはアミューズメント用途に用いた場合に特に顕著である。
基材は、代表的には、樹脂(好ましくは、透明樹脂)のフィルムまたは板状物で構成され得る。このような樹脂の代表例としては、熱可塑性樹脂、反応性樹脂(例えば、電離放射線硬化性樹脂)が挙げられる。熱可塑性樹脂の具体例としては、ポリメタクリル酸メチル(PMMA)、ポリアクリロニトリル等の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂、ポリカーボネート(PC)樹脂、PET等のポリエステル樹脂、トリアセチルセルロース(TAC)等のセルロース系樹脂、環状ポリオレフィン系樹脂、スチレン系樹脂が挙げられる。電離放射線硬化性樹脂の具体例としては、エポキシアクリレート系樹脂、ウレタンアクリレート系樹脂が挙げられる。これらの樹脂は、単独で用いてもよく2種以上を併用してもよい。
低屈折率層は、代表的には、内部に空隙を有する。低屈折率層の空隙率は、上記のとおり40体積%以上であり、代表的には50体積%以上であり、好ましくは70体積%以上であり、より好ましくは80体積%以上である。一方、空隙率は、例えば90体積%以下であり、好ましくは85体積%以下である。空隙率が上記範囲内であることにより、低屈折率層の屈折率を適切な範囲とすることができる。空隙率は、エリプソメーターで測定した屈折率の値から、Lorentz‐Lorenz’s formula(ローレンツ-ローレンツの式)より空隙率を算出された値である。
空隙層(低屈折率層)を50mm×50mmのサイズにカットし、ヘイズメーター(村上色彩技術研究所社製:HM-150)にセットしてヘイズを測定する。ヘイズ値については、以下の式より算出する。
ヘイズ(%)=[拡散透過率(%)/全光線透過率(%)]×100(%)
第1の粘着剤層は、第1の粘着剤層を構成する粘着剤が通常の状態では低屈折率層の空隙に浸透しない程度の硬さを有する。第1の粘着剤層の23℃における貯蔵弾性率は、上記のとおり1.0×105(Pa)~1.0×107(Pa)である。例えば、1.1×105(Pa)以上、1.2×105(Pa)以上、1.3×105(Pa)以上、1.4×105(Pa)以上、1.5×105(Pa)以上、1.6×105(Pa)以上、1.7×105(Pa)以上、1.8×105(Pa)以上、1.9×105(Pa)以上または2.0×105(Pa)以上であり、かつ1.0×107(Pa)以下、5.0×106(Pa)以下、1.0×106(Pa)以下または5.0×105(Pa)以下である。好ましくは1.3×105(Pa)~1.0×106(Pa)であり、より好ましくは1.5×105(Pa)~5.0×105(Pa)である。貯蔵弾性率は、JIS K7244-1「プラスチック-動的機械特性の試験方法」に記載の方法に準拠して、周波数1Hzの条件で、-50℃~150℃の範囲で昇温速度5℃/分で測定した際の、23℃における値を読み取ることにより求められる。
第2の粘着剤層は、任意の適切な粘着剤で構成される。1つの実施形態においては、第2の粘着剤層は、振動の伝達を吸収して低屈折率層の破損を抑制し得るような柔らかさを有する粘着剤で構成される。第2の粘着剤層の23℃における貯蔵弾性率は、上記のとおり例えば1.0×105(Pa)以下であり、例えば、1.0×105(Pa)以下、9.5×104(Pa)以下、9.0×104(Pa)以下、8.5×104(Pa)以下、8.0×104(Pa)以下、7.5×104(Pa)以下、または7.0×104(Pa)以下であり、かつ1.0×103(Pa)以上、5.0×103(Pa)以上、1.0×104(Pa)以上、または5.0×104(Pa)以上である。好ましくは5.0×103(Pa)~9.0×104(Pa)以下であり、より好ましくは1.0×104(Pa)~8.5×104(Pa)である。
上記A項およびB項に記載の光学部材は、バックライトユニット(特に、エッジライト式バックライトユニット)に好適に用いられ得る。したがって、本発明の実施形態は、このようなバックライトユニットも包含する。図3は、本発明の1つの実施形態によるバックライトユニットの概略断面図である。バックライトユニット200は、光源120と;光源120に導光板10の端面10aが対向して配置されたA項およびB項に記載の光学部材100と;光源120および光学部材100を収容する筐体140と;を備える。
上記C項のバックライトユニットは、画像表示装置(例えば、液晶ディスプレイ等)に好適に用いられ得る。したがって、本発明の実施形態は、このような画像表示装置も包含する。画像表示装置は、上記C項に記載のバックライトユニットと、導光板の出射面側に配置された画像表示パネルとを有する。
(1)低屈折率層の屈折率
アクリルフィルムに低屈折率層を形成した後に、50mm×50mmのサイズにカットし、これを粘着層を介してガラス板(厚み:3mm)の表面に貼合した。上記ガラス板の裏面中央部(直径20mm程度)を黒マジックで塗りつぶして、該ガラス板の裏面で反射しないサンプルとした。エリプソメーター(J.A.Woollam Japan社製:VASE)に上記サンプルをセットし、550nmの波長、入射角50~80度の条件で、屈折率を測定した。
(2)輝度の均一性
実施例および比較例で得られたバックライトユニットを点灯し、輝度の均一性を目視により確認した。以下の基準で評価した。
○:輝度が全体にわたって均一である
×:光漏れが認められ輝度が不均一である
(1)ケイ素化合物のゲル化
2.2gのジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)に、ケイ素化合物の前駆体であるメチルトリメトキシシラン(MTMS)を0.95g溶解させて混合液Aを調製した。この混合液Aに、0.01mol/Lのシュウ酸水溶液を0.5g添加し、室温で30分撹拌を行うことでMTMSを加水分解して、トリス(ヒドロキシ)メチルシランを含む混合液Bを生成した。
5.5gのDMSOに、28重量%のアンモニア水0.38g、および純水0.2gを添加した後、さらに、上記混合液Bを追添し、室温で15分撹拌することで、トリス(ヒドロキシ)メチルシランのゲル化を行い、ゲル状ケイ素化合物を含む混合液Cを得た。
(2)熟成処理
上記のように調製したゲル状ケイ素化合物を含む混合液Cを、そのまま、40℃で20時間インキュベートして、熟成処理を行った。
(3)粉砕処理
つぎに、上記のように熟成処理したゲル状ケイ素化合物を、スパチュラを用いて数mm~数cmサイズの顆粒状に砕いた。次いで、混合液Cにイソプロピルアルコール(IPA)を40g添加し、軽く撹拌した後、室温で6時間静置して、ゲル中の溶媒および触媒をデカンテーションした。同様のデカンテーション処理を3回行うことにより、溶媒置換し、混合液Dを得た。次いで、混合液D中のゲル状ケイ素化合物を粉砕処理(高圧メディアレス粉砕)した。粉砕処理(高圧メディアレス粉砕)は、ホモジナイザー(エスエムテー社製、商品名「UH-50」)を使用し、5ccのスクリュー瓶に、混合液D中のゲル状化合物1.85gおよびIPAを1.15g秤量した後、50W、20kHzの条件で2分間の粉砕で行った。
この粉砕処理によって、上記混合液D中のゲル状ケイ素化合物が粉砕されたことにより、該混合液D’は、粉砕物のゾル液となった。混合液D’に含まれる粉砕物の粒度バラツキを示す体積平均粒子径を、動的光散乱式ナノトラック粒度分析計(日機装社製、UPA-EX150型)にて確認したところ、0.50~0.70であった。さらに、このゾル液(混合液C’)0.75gに対し、光塩基発生剤(和光純薬工業株式会社:商品名WPBG266)の1.5重量%濃度MEK(メチルエチルケトン)溶液を0.062g、ビス(トリメトキシシリル)エタンの5%濃度MEK溶液を0.036gの比率で添加し、低屈折率層形成用塗工液を得た。
攪拌羽根、温度計、窒素ガス導入管、冷却器を備えた4つ口フラスコに、ブチルアクリレート90.7部、N-アクリロイルモルホリン6部、アクリル酸3部、2-ヒドロキシブチルアクリレート0.3部、重合開始剤として2,2’-アゾビスイソブチロニトリル0.1重量部を酢酸エチル100gと共に仕込み、緩やかに攪拌しながら窒素ガスを導入して窒素置換した後、フラスコ内の液温を55℃付近に保って8時間重合反応を行い、アクリル系ポリマー溶液を調製した。得られたアクリル系ポリマー溶液の固形分100部に対して、イソシアネート架橋剤(日本ポリウレタン工業社製のコロネートL、トリメチロールプロパンのトリレンジイソシアネートのアダクト体)0.2部、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド(日本油脂社製のナイパーBMT)0.3部、γ-グリシドキシプロピルメトキシシラン(信越化学工業社製:KBM-403)0.2部を配合したアクリル系粘着剤溶液を調製した。次いで、上記アクリル系粘着剤溶液を、シリコーン処理を施したポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)フィルム(三菱化学ポリエステルフィルム社製、厚さ:38μm)の片面に、乾燥後の粘着剤層の厚さが20μmになるように塗布し、150℃で3分間乾燥を行い、粘着剤層を形成した。得られた粘着剤の貯蔵弾性率は、1.3×105(Pa)であった。
攪拌羽根、温度計、窒素ガス導入管、冷却器を備えた4つ口フラスコに、ブチルアクリレート99部、4-ヒドロキシブチルアクリレート1部、重合開始剤として2,2’-アゾビスイソブチロニトリル0.1部を酢酸エチル100部と共に仕込み、緩やかに攪拌しながら窒素ガスを導入して窒素置換した後、フラスコ内の液温を55℃付近に保って8時間重合反応を行い、アクリル系ポリマーの溶液を調製した。得られたアクリル系ポリマー溶液の固形分100部に対して、イソシアネート架橋剤(三井武田ケミカル社製のタケネートD110N、トリメチロールプロパンキシリレンジイソシアネート)0.1部、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド(日本油脂社製のナイパーBMT)0.1部、γ-グリシドキシプロピルメトキシシラン(信越化学工業社製:KBM-403)0.2部を配合して、アクリル系粘着剤組成物の溶液を調製した。次いで、上記アクリル系粘着剤組成物の溶液を、シリコーン系剥離剤で処理されたポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(セパレータフィルム:三菱化学ポリエステルフィルム(株)製、MRF38)の片面に塗布し、150℃で3分間乾燥を行い、セパレータフィルムの表面に厚さが20μmの粘着剤層を形成した。得られた粘着剤の貯蔵弾性率は、8.2×104(Pa)であった。
製造例1で調製した低屈折率層形成用塗工液を厚さ30μmの基材(アクリルフィルム)に塗工した。塗工層のウェット厚み(乾燥させる前の厚み)は約27μmであった。該塗工層を、温度100℃で1分処理して乾燥し、基材上に低屈折率層(厚み0.9μm)を形成した。得られた低屈折率層の空隙率は56%であり、屈折率は1.15であった。次に、低屈折率層表面に製造例2で調製した粘着剤で構成される第1の粘着剤層(厚み10μm)を形成し、さらに、基材表面に、製造例3で調製した粘着剤で構成される第2の粘着剤層(厚み28μm)を形成した。このようにして、第1の粘着剤層/低屈折率層/基材/第2の粘着剤層の構成を有する両面粘着フィルムを作製した。
市販の液晶表示装置(KING JIM社製、商品名「XMC10」)からバックライトユニットを取り出した。取り出したバックライトユニット(実質的には、筐体)から導光板を取り出した。一方、製造例4で得られた両面粘着フィルムを、そのサイズが導光板サイズよりも小さく、かつ、導光板に設けられている光取り出しパターンのサイズよりも大きくなるよう切り出した。具体的には、切り出した両面粘着フィルムのサイズは119mm×176.5mmであり、導光板のサイズは120mm×179mmであり、光取り出しパターン(実質的には、パターン化された領域の外縁)のサイズは117mm×173mmであった。導光板と市販の反射板(東レ社製、商品名「ルミラー(登録商標)#225 E6SR」)とを、上記サイズに切り出した両面粘着フィルムを介して貼り合わせ、光学部材を得た。このとき、導光板を第1の粘着剤層に貼り合わせた。なお、貼り合わせにおいて、両面粘着フィルム外縁の導光板外縁からのはみ出し、および、光取り出しパターン外縁の両面粘着フィルム外縁からのはみ出しは、いずれも認められなかった。得られた光学部材を再度筐体に組み込み、バックライトユニットを作製した。得られたバックライトユニットを上記(2)の評価に供した。結果を表1に示す。
両面粘着フィルムを導光板と同じサイズに切り出したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、光学部材およびバックライトユニットを作製した。なお、貼り合わせにおいて、両面粘着フィルム外縁の導光板外縁からのはみ出しが認められた。得られたバックライトユニットを実施例1と同様の評価に供した。結果を表1に示す。
両面粘着フィルムを光取り出しパターンと同じサイズに切り出したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、光学部材およびバックライトユニットを作製した。なお、貼り合わせにおいて、光取り出しパターン外縁の両面粘着フィルム外縁からのはみ出しが認められた。得られたバックライトユニットを実施例1と同様の評価に供した。結果を表1に示す。
10a 端面
10b 出射面
10c 取り出しパターン
20 両面粘着フィルム
21 第1の粘着剤層
22 低屈折率層
23 第2の粘着剤層
24 基材
30 反射板
100 光学部材
120 光源
140 筐体
141 前面部
142 背面部
200 バックライトユニット
Claims (4)
- 光源からの光が入射する端面と、入射した光を出射する出射面と、該出射面と反対側の面に設けられた光取り出しパターンと、を有する導光板と;
該導光板に両面粘着フィルムを介して貼り合わせられた反射板と;
を備え、
該両面粘着フィルムが、該導光板側から順に、第1の粘着剤層と低屈折率層と第2の粘着剤層とを有し、
該導光板の外縁が該両面粘着フィルムの外縁よりも外側に位置し、該両面粘着フィルムの外縁が該光取り出しパターンの外縁よりも外側に位置している、
光学部材。 - 前記導光板の外縁と前記光取り出しパターンの外縁との距離の最大値をA、前記導光板の外縁と該両面粘着フィルムの外縁との距離の最大値をBとしたとき、A>2Bの関係を満足する、請求項1に記載の光学部材。
- 光源と;
該光源に前記端面が対向して配置された請求項1または2に記載の光学部材と;
該光源および該光学部材を収容する筐体と;
を備える、バックライトユニット。 - 請求項3に記載のバックライトユニットと、
前記導光板の前記出射面側に配置された画像表示パネルと、
を有する、画像表示装置。
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| US17/914,397 US11966075B2 (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2021-03-26 | Optical member and backlight unit using said optical member, and image display device |
| EP21775504.0A EP4130547A4 (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2021-03-26 | OPTICAL ELEMENT AND BACKLIGHT UNIT USING SAID OPTICAL ELEMENT, AND IMAGE DISPLAY DEVICE |
| JP2022510718A JP7425857B2 (ja) | 2020-03-27 | 2021-03-26 | 光学部材ならびに該光学部材を用いたバックライトユニットおよび画像表示装置 |
| KR1020227032298A KR20220159375A (ko) | 2020-03-27 | 2021-03-26 | 광학 부재 그리고 그 광학 부재를 사용한 백라이트 유닛 및 화상 표시 장치 |
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| WO2019151073A1 (ja) | 2018-02-02 | 2019-08-08 | 日東電工株式会社 | Ledバックライト用フィルム、ledバックライト |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| KR20220159375A (ko) | 2022-12-02 |
| JPWO2021193895A1 (ja) | 2021-09-30 |
| US11966075B2 (en) | 2024-04-23 |
| EP4130547A1 (en) | 2023-02-08 |
| US20230110580A1 (en) | 2023-04-13 |
| JP7425857B2 (ja) | 2024-01-31 |
| EP4130547A4 (en) | 2024-04-03 |
| CN115315648A (zh) | 2022-11-08 |
| TW202141095A (zh) | 2021-11-01 |
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