WO2020137997A1 - 有価金属の回収方法 - Google Patents
有価金属の回収方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020137997A1 WO2020137997A1 PCT/JP2019/050411 JP2019050411W WO2020137997A1 WO 2020137997 A1 WO2020137997 A1 WO 2020137997A1 JP 2019050411 W JP2019050411 W JP 2019050411W WO 2020137997 A1 WO2020137997 A1 WO 2020137997A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/80—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an extraction step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0407—Leaching processes
- C22B23/0415—Leaching processes with acids or salt solutions except ammonium salts solutions
- C22B23/043—Sulfurated acids or salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0453—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B23/0461—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0476—Separation of nickel from cobalt
- C22B23/0484—Separation of nickel from cobalt in acidic type solutions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
- C22B3/30—Oximes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
- C22B3/32—Carboxylic acids
- C22B3/324—Naphthenic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
- C22B3/32—Carboxylic acids
- C22B3/326—Ramified chain carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. "versatic" acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
- C22B3/38—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds containing phosphorus
- C22B3/384—Pentavalent phosphorus oxyacids, esters thereof
- C22B3/3842—Phosphinic acid, e.g. H2P(O)(OH)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
- C22B3/38—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds containing phosphorus
- C22B3/384—Pentavalent phosphorus oxyacids, esters thereof
- C22B3/3844—Phosphonic acid, e.g. H2P(O)(OH)2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/26—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds
- C22B3/38—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by liquid-liquid extraction using organic compounds containing phosphorus
- C22B3/384—Pentavalent phosphorus oxyacids, esters thereof
- C22B3/3846—Phosphoric acid, e.g. (O)P(OH)3
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/005—Separation by a physical processing technique only, e.g. by mechanical breaking
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/007—Wet processes by acid leaching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/10—Obtaining alkali metals
- C22B26/12—Obtaining lithium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Definitions
- This specification is obtained by subjecting a waste material containing a positive electrode material of a lithium ion secondary battery to a wet treatment, and removing valuable metals such as cobalt and nickel from an acidic solution containing cobalt ions, nickel ions and impurities. It relates to a method of collecting.
- battery powder obtained through a predetermined process such as roasting is added to an acid to be leached and contained therein. It is an acidic solution in which possible lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese, iron, copper, aluminum, etc. are dissolved.
- the acidic solution obtained by dissolving the battery powder or the like with an acid and then subjecting it to predetermined neutralization or solvent extraction may contain impurities such as sodium, aluminum, and manganese. Since such impurities reduce the purity of the finally obtained compound of cobalt or nickel with an inorganic acid, it is required to be removed as much as possible when recovering cobalt or nickel.
- This specification proposes a method of recovering valuable metals that can effectively remove the specified impurities.
- the method for recovering valuable metals disclosed in this specification is obtained by subjecting a waste material containing a positive electrode material of a lithium ion secondary battery to a wet treatment, and from an acidic solution containing cobalt ions, nickel ions and impurities, A method for recovering at least cobalt of valuable metals cobalt and nickel, comprising a first extraction step for recovering Co and extracting cobalt ions from the acidic solution by solvent extraction and back-extracting, and for recovering Co.
- the first extraction step for Co recovery From the liquid after back-extraction obtained in the first extraction step of, and a second extraction step for Co recovery of extracting cobalt ions by solvent extraction and back extraction, the first extraction step for Co recovery, It has a solvent extraction step of extracting cobalt ions in an acidic solution into a solvent, a scrubbing step of scrubbing the solvent from which cobalt ions have been extracted, and a back extraction step of back-extracting the cobalt ions in the solvent after scrubbing into a solution. It is a thing.
- the first extraction step for recovering Co has a scrubbing step of scrubbing the solvent from which cobalt ions have been extracted, so that predetermined impurities can be effectively removed. it can.
- a method for recovering valuable metals is obtained by subjecting a waste material containing a positive electrode material of a lithium ion secondary battery to a wet treatment, and for an acidic solution containing cobalt ions, nickel ions and impurities. 1 is performed, and at least cobalt of valuable metals cobalt and nickel is recovered from the respective steps.
- this embodiment is a first extraction step for Co recovery in which cobalt ions are extracted and back-extracted by solvent extraction from an acidic solution, and a back extraction obtained in the first extraction step for Co recovery.
- a second extraction step for Co recovery in which cobalt ions are extracted and back-extracted from the liquid by solvent extraction, of which the first extraction step for Co recovery includes the cobalt ions in the acidic solution as a solvent.
- a solvent extraction step of extracting into cobalt a scrubbing step of scrubbing the solvent extracted with cobalt ions, and a back extraction step of back-extracting the cobalt ions in the solvent after scrubbing into a solution.
- ⁇ Acidic solution> To obtain the acidic solution, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, after the roasting step of roasting the waste material containing the positive electrode material of the lithium ion secondary battery, a sieving step is performed if necessary, and the sieving step is performed. On the other hand, a lithium dissolving step of dissolving lithium using water or the like and an acid leaching step of leaching the residue of the lithium dissolving step with an acid can be performed. The solution after leaching can be used as an acid leaching solution.
- the post-leaching solution is subjected to only the neutralization step or only the Al.Mn extraction step, or both of the neutralization step and the Al.Mn extraction step in that order, and
- the solution after neutralization or the solution after extraction may be an acidic solution.
- the acidic solution is not limited to the one described here as long as it is obtained by subjecting the waste material containing the positive electrode material of the lithium ion secondary battery to some wet treatment.
- the waste containing the positive electrode material of the target lithium-ion secondary battery (hereinafter also simply referred to as “battery waste”) is a lithium-ion secondary battery that can be used in various electronic devices such as mobile phones, It includes positive electrode materials that have been discarded due to the life of the battery product, defective manufacturing, or other reasons. It is preferable to recover valuable metals from such battery waste from the viewpoint of effective utilization of resources. Further, it is an object of the present invention to recover valuable metals such as cobalt and nickel in high purity so that they can be reused in the production of a lithium ion secondary battery.
- battery waste containing at least cobalt and nickel is targeted.
- the battery waste may usually contain cobalt at 30 mass% or less and nickel at 30 mass% or less.
- the battery waste may contain, for example, cobalt in an amount of 0.1% by mass to 40.0% by mass and nickel in an amount of 0.1% by mass to 15.0% by mass.
- the lithium-ion secondary battery has a housing containing aluminum as an exterior that wraps around it.
- this casing include a casing made of only aluminum, a casing containing aluminum and iron, and an aluminum laminate.
- the lithium ion secondary battery in the above-mentioned housing, one kind of single metal oxide selected from the group consisting of lithium, nickel, cobalt and manganese, or a positive electrode active material composed of two or more kinds of composite metal oxides.
- the substance or the positive electrode active material may include an aluminum foil (positive electrode substrate) which is applied and fixed by, for example, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or another organic binder.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- the lithium ion secondary battery may contain copper, iron, or the like.
- a lithium-ion secondary battery usually contains an electrolytic solution in the housing.
- the electrolytic solution for example, ethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate or the like may be used.
- the battery waste may be in the form of being wrapped in the housing, or may be in the form of powder that has already been subjected to some treatment such as crushing, decomposition or separation. Such powdery battery waste may exhibit a black color.
- a crushing step for taking out the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material from the case can be performed after the roasting step.
- roasting process In the roasting process, the battery waste is heated. This roasting step is carried out for the purpose of, for example, changing the metal such as lithium and cobalt contained in the battery waste to a form in which it is easily dissolved. In the roasting step, it is preferable to perform heating by holding the battery waste in a temperature range of, for example, 450° C. to 1000° C., preferably 600° C. to 800° C. for 0.5 hours to 4 hours. This roasting step can be carried out using various heating equipment such as a rotary kiln furnace and other various furnaces, and a furnace that performs heating in an air atmosphere.
- various heating equipment such as a rotary kiln furnace and other various furnaces, and a furnace that performs heating in an air atmosphere.
- the battery waste that has undergone the roasting step is brought into contact with water to dissolve the lithium contained therein. This allows the lithium contained in the battery waste to be separated early in the recovery process.
- the water used here may be tap water, industrial water, distilled water, purified water, ion-exchanged water, pure water, ultrapure water, or the like.
- the residue obtained in the lithium dissolving step is added to an acid such as sulfuric acid so as to leach.
- the acid leaching step can be carried out by known methods or conditions, but the pH of the acidic solution should be 0 to 2.0, and the redox potential (ORP value, silver/silver chloride potential standard) of the acidic solution should be 0 mV or less. Is preferred.
- the post-leaching solution obtained in the acid leaching step can be subjected to a neutralization step of increasing the pH by adding an alkali such as sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate or ammonia to the post-leaching solution.
- an alkali such as sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate or ammonia
- aluminum in the liquid after leaching can be precipitated and removed.
- this neutralization step can be omitted.
- the neutralization step it is preferable to set the pH to 4.0 to 6.0, the ORP value (ORPvsAg/AgCl) to ⁇ 500 mV to 100 mV, and the liquid temperature to 50° C. to 90° C.
- the conditions are such that a part of the aluminum contained in the liquid after leaching is removed. As a result, the rest of the aluminum remains in the solution after neutralization in a melted state. This balance of aluminum can be removed in the next extraction step.
- the aluminum concentration after the neutralization step is generally 0.1 g/L to 1.0 g/L, typically 0.3 g/L to 0.8 g/L.
- Al/Mn extraction step After the acid leaching step, or when the neutralization step is performed, the Al/Mn extraction step of extracting the remaining aluminum and manganese from the post-leaching solution or the neutralized solution is performed after the neutralization step. Then, here, by extracting the remainder of aluminum and manganese, an extraction residual liquid (aqueous phase) from which they have been removed is obtained.
- This Al/Mn extraction step can be omitted.
- the Al/Mn extraction step is performed to remove these. It is desirable to remove sufficiently.
- a mixed extractant containing a phosphoric acid ester-based extractant and an oxime-based extractant with respect to the liquid after leaching or the liquid after neutralization.
- the phosphoric acid ester-based extractant include di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (trade name: D2EHPA or DP8R) and the like.
- the oxime-based extractant is preferably one containing aldoxime or aldoxime as a main component.
- 2-hydroxy-5-nonylacetophenone oxime (trade name: LIX84), 5-dodecyl salicyl aldoxime (trade name: LIX860), a mixture of LIX84 and LIX860 (trade name: LIX984), 5- Nonylsalicylaldoxime (trade name: ACORGAM5640) and the like are available.
- LIX84 2-hydroxy-5-nonylacetophenone oxime
- LIX860 5-dodecyl salicyl aldoxime
- LIX860 a mixture of LIX84 and LIX860
- LIX984 a mixture of LIX84 and LIX860
- 5- Nonylsalicylaldoxime (trade name: ACORGAM5640) and the like are available.
- 5-nonylsalicylaldoxime is preferable in terms of price.
- the pH is preferably 2.3 to 3.5, more preferably 2.5 to 3.0.
- An acidic solution that is the target after the Co recovery step described below is the post-leaching solution obtained in the acid leaching step, the post-neutralization solution obtained in the neutralization step, or the extraction residual solution obtained in the Al/Mn extraction step.
- Such acidic solutions may contain cobalt ions, for example 0 g/L to 15 g/L, typically 5 g/L to 10 g/L, and nickel ions, for example 0 g/L to 50 g/L. , Typically 5 g/L to 30 g/L.
- the acidic solution may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium ions, aluminum ions, manganese ions, and lithium ions as impurities.
- sodium ion is an impurity that may be mixed in various steps such as a neutralization step, and it is important to effectively remove it in the step described later.
- the sodium concentration is, for example, 0 g/L to 30 g/L, typically 10 g/L to 20 g/L.
- the aluminum concentration is, for example, 0.000 g/L to 0.050 g/L, typically 0.010 g/L to 0.020 g/L.
- the manganese concentration is, for example, 0.000 g/L to 0.100 g/L, and typically 0.010 g/L to 0.050 g/L. Since it is feared that aluminum and manganese cannot be removed in the following steps, it is desirable that the total concentration of aluminum and manganese be sufficiently low, for example, about 1 mg/L or less.
- the lithium concentration is, for example, 0.000 g/L to 2 g/L, typically 0.100 g/L to 1.5 g/L.
- the acidic solution may contain iron ions and/or copper ions, but the iron concentration is preferably 10 mg/L or less, more preferably 0.005 g/L or less, and the copper concentration is 10 mg/L or less, It is preferably 0.005 g/L or less.
- a first extraction step is performed to recover cobalt or both of cobalt and nickel from the above-mentioned acidic solution.
- This first extraction step is also called the first extraction step for recovering Co, because it mainly extracts cobalt ions in the acidic solution and back-extracts by solvent extraction.
- a phosphonate-based extractant is used, and a solvent extraction process is performed in which cobalt ions are extracted from the acidic solution into an extractant (organic phase) that is a solvent.
- an extractant organic phase
- the phosphonate extractant 2-ethylhexyl 2-ethylhexyl phosphonate (trade name: PC-88A, Ionquest 801) is preferable from the viewpoint of the separation efficiency of nickel and cobalt.
- the pH during extraction is preferably 5.0 to 6.0, more preferably 5.2 to 5.7.
- a scrubbing process is performed to scrub the solvent from which cobalt ions have been extracted.
- the scrubbing process is intended to remove sodium ions that may be extracted with the cobalt ions in the solvent rather than to wash away the acidic solution that may be contained in the solvent. This is based on a new finding that when the acidic solution contains sodium ions, the sodium ions extracted therein can be effectively removed by scrubbing the solvent after solvent extraction.
- the pH of the scrubbing solution used in the scrubbing process is preferably 4 to 5 in order to more effectively remove sodium ions in the solvent. If the pH of the scrubbing solution is less than 4, there is a risk of loss of cobalt in the solvent. On the other hand, if the pH exceeds 5, it is feared that sodium will not be sufficiently removed. From this point of view, the pH of the scrubbing liquid is more preferably 4.3 to 4.6.
- the scrubbing liquid can be, for example, a sulfuric acid acidic solution.
- the number of times the solvent is scrubbed and the O/A ratio in the scrubbing process can be appropriately determined according to the liquid composition and other conditions.
- the number of times of the scrubbing is 1 or more, and the O/A ratio is 0.5 to 1 It is preferably set to 0.5.
- the sodium concentration in the solvent can be reduced to 5 mg/L or less, preferably 1 mg/L or less.
- the scrubbing liquid after being used for scrubbing may contain cobalt ions, it may be mixed with an acidic solution to extract cobalt ions in the first extraction step for recovering Co in order to reduce the loss of cobalt. it can.
- the solution used in the back extraction process may be any of inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, but sulfuric acid is preferred for general purposes.
- the pH is adjusted so that all the cobalt ions are extracted from the organic phase into a solution (aqueous phase) as much as possible.
- the pH is preferably in the range of 2 to 4, and more preferably in the range of 2.5 to 3.5.
- the O/A ratio and the number of times can be appropriately determined.
- the liquid temperature may be room temperature, but is preferably 0°C to 40°C.
- a masking agent that masks nickel ions and leaves them in the aqueous phase during extraction.
- ammonia ions are particularly effective because they mask nickel ions but not cobalt ions.
- the ammonia ion also functions as a pH adjusting agent during extraction.
- ammonia ions are added to the post-back-extraction solution to adjust the pH.
- cobalt ions can be extracted.
- Ammonia ions can be added in the form of, for example, aqueous ammonia or ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl).
- the amount of ammonia water added is preferably 1% to 10% by volume ratio with respect to the cobalt solution.
- the extractant to be brought into contact with the liquid after the back extraction obtained in the first extraction step may be a phosphonic acid-based extractant or a phosphoric acid-based extractant, or a phosphinic acid ( It is preferable to use a phosphonic acid type extractant, and it is even more preferable to include bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid. Specifically, it is particularly preferable to use ALBRITECT TH1 (trade name) or Cyanex272 (trade name) manufactured by SOLVAY, but not limited to these.
- an extraction curve of cobalt and nickel that is sufficiently distant from a low pH side and a high pH side as compared with an extraction agent such as 2-ethylhexyl 2-ethylhexylphosphonate (PC-88A, Ionquest801) is obtained.
- the range in which cobalt ions are extracted but nickel ions are not extracted is expanded. That is, selective extraction of only cobalt ions becomes easier.
- the extractant contains bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid, its purity can be, for example, 95% or more.
- the extractant can be used by diluting it with a hydrocarbon-based organic solvent such as an aromatic, paraffinic, or naphthene-based solvent to a concentration of 10 to 30% by volume.
- the solution after the back extraction (aqueous phase) obtained in the first extraction step and the above-mentioned extractant (organic phase) are brought into contact with each other and mixed with a mixer, for example, 200 Stir mix at ⁇ 500 rpm for 5-60 minutes to react the cobalt ions with the extractant.
- the liquid temperature at this time is 15° C. to 60° C.
- the mixed organic phase and aqueous phase are separated by a settler by the difference in specific gravity.
- the solvent extraction may be repeated, for example, a multi-stage method in which the organic phase and the aqueous phase are in countercurrent contact.
- the O/A ratio volume ratio of organic phase to aqueous phase
- the O/A ratio volume ratio of organic phase to aqueous phase
- the equilibrium pH at the time of extraction is preferably 4-7, and more preferably 5-6.
- nickel ions can be left in the aqueous phase and cobalt ions can be effectively extracted into the organic phase.
- the appropriate pH range may be out of the above range because it changes depending on the combination of the cobalt concentration, the volume fraction of the extractant, the phase ratio of oil and water, the temperature, and the like.
- the organic phase containing cobalt ions is back-extracted.
- the back extraction can be performed by using a back extraction liquid such as an acidic aqueous solution of sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid and stirring and mixing at 200 to 500 rpm for 5 to 60 minutes with a mixer or the like.
- a back extraction liquid such as an acidic aqueous solution of sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid
- the acid concentration of the back extract is preferably adjusted to pH: 1.0 to 3.0, more preferably adjusted to pH: 1.5 to 2.5.
- the back extraction can be carried out at 15°C to 60°C or lower.
- the cobalt ions move from the organic phase to the aqueous phase side, and a liquid after the back extraction (aqueous phase) containing cobalt ions can be obtained.
- a liquid after the back extraction aqueous phase
- the cobalt concentration in the liquid after extraction is, for example, 1 g/L to 200 g/L, typically 80 g/L to 100 g/L.
- the nickel concentration in the liquid after extraction can be, for example, 2 mg/L or less, typically 1 mg/L or less.
- the back extraction liquid obtained in the second extraction process is subjected to a crystallization process for recovering Co for crystallizing the cobalt ions contained therein.
- the liquid after back extraction is heated to, for example, 40° C. to 120° C. and concentrated to crystallize cobalt ions as cobalt sulfate.
- impurities other than cobalt ions are sufficiently removed from the post-back extraction liquid obtained in the second extraction step by passing through the steps described above. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is possible to omit performing the cleaning step for removing impurities after the second extraction step and prior to the crystallization step. Therefore, in this embodiment, the crystallization step can be performed on the post-back-extraction liquid obtained in the second extraction step without going through the washing step.
- the cobalt sulfate produced in this manner has a nickel content of preferably 5 mass ppm or less, and since nickel is sufficiently removed, it is effectively used as a raw material for the production of lithium ion secondary batteries and other batteries. Can be used.
- a carboxylic acid-based extractant is preferably used for the extraction residual liquid obtained in the first extraction step for recovering Co described above as a solvent extraction process, and nickel is extracted from the extraction residual liquid.
- the ions are separated and nickel ions are extracted into the solvent.
- the carboxylic acid-based extractant include neodecanoic acid and naphthenic acid. Among them, neodecanoic acid is preferable because of its nickel ion extraction ability.
- the pH is preferably 6.0 to 8.0, more preferably 6.8 to 7.2.
- a scrubbing process of scrubbing the solvent from which the nickel ions have been extracted is performed with the purpose of removing the sodium ions that can be extracted into the solvent.
- the pH of the scrubbing solution used in the scrubbing process is preferably 4-5. As a result, sodium ions can be more effectively removed without leaving a large amount of nickel ions in the solvent in the scrubbing solution. If the pH of the scrubbing solution is less than 4, there is a risk of causing loss of nickel in the solvent. On the other hand, if the pH exceeds 5, it is feared that sodium will not be sufficiently removed. From this point of view, the pH of the scrubbing liquid is more preferably 4.3 to 4.6.
- the scrubbing liquid can be, for example, a sulfuric acid acidic solution.
- the number of times the solvent is scrubbed and the O/A ratio in the scrubbing process can be appropriately determined according to the liquid composition and other conditions.
- the number of times of the scrubbing is 1 or more, and the O/A ratio is 0.5 to 1 It is preferably set to 0.5.
- the sodium concentration in the solvent can be 5 mg/L or less, preferably 1 mg/L or less.
- the scrubbing solution may contain nickel ions.
- the scrubbing solution after scrubbing is mixed with the acidic solution before nickel ion extraction in the extraction step for recovering Ni, such nickel ion loss can be reduced.
- the organic phase containing nickel ions is subjected to a back extraction process using a back extraction liquid such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or nitric acid.
- a back extraction liquid such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or nitric acid.
- sulfuric acid is desirable.
- it is carried out under conditions of pH such that 100% of nickel ions are extracted from the organic phase into the acidic solution (aqueous phase).
- the pH is preferably in the range of 1.0 to 3.0, more preferably 1.5 to 2.5.
- the O/A ratio and the number of times can be appropriately determined, but the O/A ratio is 5 to 1, more preferably 4 to 2.
- the solution after the back extraction obtained in the extracting step for recovering Ni is heated to, for example, 40° C. to 120° C. and concentrated to crystallize nickel ions as nickel sulfate.
- the cobalt sulfate obtained in this crystallization step contains almost no impurities and is suitable for use as a raw material for manufacturing a lithium ion secondary battery.
- Each step shown in FIG. 3 was performed on the acidic solution to obtain cobalt sulfate and nickel sulfate. More specifically, it is as follows.
- the first extraction step was performed on the above acidic solution (solution B).
- the conditions of the solvent extraction process of the first extraction process were 2-ethylhexyl 2-ethylhexylphosphonate (trade name: PC-88A), and the pH during extraction was 5.5.
- an extractant (solvent a) from which cobalt ions were extracted was obtained.
- Various metal concentrations in the extraction residual liquid (solution C) are as shown in Table 2.
- solution D The above-mentioned solution after the back extraction (solution D) was diluted, and the solution D′ thus obtained was subjected to the second extraction step.
- the extraction conditions in the second extraction step were ALBRITECT TH1, pH during extraction was 5.5, and back extraction was pH 2.0.
- Tables 5 and 6 show the metal concentration before and after the extraction in the second extraction step and the metal concentration of the liquid (solution F) after the back extraction, respectively.
- the solution E in Table 5 is the extraction residual liquid of the second extraction step.
- the liquid after the back extraction (solution F) from the second extraction step was subjected to a crystallization step at 80°C to obtain cobalt sulfate.
- the metal grade of cobalt sulfate was as shown in Table 7. It can be seen from Table 7 that the cobalt sulfate has a sufficiently reduced amount of impurities such as nickel and sodium, and has a high cobalt purity.
- nickel sulfate was obtained by the crystallization step of concentrating at 80°C.
- the metal grade of nickel sulfate was as shown in Table 11.
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Abstract
Description
一の実施形態に係る有価金属の回収方法は、リチウムイオン二次電池の正極材を含む廃棄物に対して湿式処理を施して得られ、コバルトイオン、ニッケルイオン及び不純物を含有する酸性溶液に対し、図1に例示するような各工程を行い、そこから有価金属であるコバルト及びニッケルのうちの少なくともコバルトを回収するものである。具体的には、この実施形態は、酸性溶液から、溶媒抽出によりコバルトイオンを抽出するとともに逆抽出するCo回収用の第一抽出工程と、Co回収用の第一抽出工程で得られる逆抽出後液から、溶媒抽出によりコバルトイオンを抽出するとともに逆抽出するCo回収用の第二抽出工程とを含むものであり、このうちCo回収用の第一抽出工程が、酸性溶液中のコバルトイオンを溶媒に抽出する溶媒抽出過程、コバルトイオンを抽出した溶媒をスクラビングするスクラビング過程、および、スクラビング後の溶媒中のコバルトイオンを溶液に逆抽出する逆抽出過程を有する。
酸性溶液を得るには、たとえば図2に示すように、リチウムイオン二次電池の正極材を含む廃棄物を焙焼する焙焼工程の後、必要に応じて篩別工程を行い、その篩下に対して水等を用いてリチウムを溶解させるリチウム溶解工程及び、リチウム溶解工程の残渣を酸で浸出させる酸浸出工程を行うことができる。この浸出後液を酸浸出液とすることができる。場合によっては、酸浸出工程の後に、その浸出後液に対し、中和工程のみ、もしくはAl・Mn抽出工程のみ、または、中和工程及びAl・Mn抽出工程の順にそれらの両方を行い、その中和後液又は抽出後液を酸性溶液とすることもできる。以下にそれぞれを詳細に述べる。但し、酸性溶液は、リチウムイオン二次電池の正極材を含む廃棄物に対して何らかの湿式処理を施して得られるものであれば、ここで述べるものに限らない。
対象とするリチウムイオン二次電池の正極材を含む廃棄物(以下、単に「電池廃棄物」ともいう。)は、携帯電話その他の種々の電子機器等で使用され得るリチウムイオン二次電池で、電池製品の寿命や製造不良またはその他の理由によって廃棄された正極材を含むものである。このような電池廃棄物から有価金属を回収することは、資源の有効活用の観点から好ましい。またここでは、有価金属であるコバルト及びニッケルを高純度で回収し、リチウムイオン二次電池の製造に再度使用できるものとすることを目的とする。
焙焼工程では、上記の電池廃棄物を加熱する。この焙焼工程は、たとえば、電池廃棄物に含まれるリチウム、コバルト等の金属を、溶かしやすい形態に変化させること等を目的として行う。
焙焼工程では、電池廃棄物を、たとえば450℃~1000℃、好ましくは600℃~800℃の温度範囲で0.5時間~4時間にわたって保持する加熱を行うことが好適である。この焙焼工程は、ロータリーキルン炉その他の各種の炉や、大気雰囲気で加熱を行う炉等の様々な加熱設備を用いて行うことができる。
リチウム溶解工程では、焙焼工程を経た電池廃棄物を水と接触させ、それに含まれるリチウムを溶解させる。これにより、電池廃棄物に含まれるリチウムを、回収プロセスの早い段階で分離させることができる。ここで使用する水は、水道水、工業用水、蒸留水、精製水、イオン交換水、純水、超純水等とすることができる。
酸浸出工程では、上記のリチウム溶解工程で得られた残渣を、硫酸等の酸に添加して浸出させる。酸浸出工程は公知の方法ないし条件で行うことができるが、酸性溶液のpHは0~2.0とすること、酸性溶液の酸化還元電位(ORP値、銀/塩化銀電位基準)を0mV以下とすることが好適である。
酸浸出工程で得られる浸出後液に対しては、浸出後液に水酸化ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、アンモニア等のアルカリを添加して、pHを上昇させる中和工程を行うことができる。これにより、浸出後液中のアルミニウムを沈殿させて除去することができる。但し、この中和工程は省略することも可能である。
中和工程では通常、共沈によるコバルトやニッケルのロスを抑制するため、浸出後液に含まれるアルミニウムの一部が除去される条件とする。それにより、中和後液には、アルミニウムの残部が溶けた状態で残留することになる。このアルミニウムの残部は、次の抽出工程で除去することができる。中和工程後のアルミニウム濃度は、一般に0.1g/L~1.0g/L、典型的には0.3g/L~0.8g/Lである。
酸浸出工程後、又は中和工程を行った場合は中和工程後、浸出後液又は中和後液からアルミニウムの残部およびマンガンを抽出するAl・Mn抽出工程を行う。そしてここでは、アルミニウムの残部およびマンガンを抽出することによって、それらが除去された抽出残液(水相)を得る。このAl・Mn抽出工程は省略することもできる。但し、この実施形態では、後述するスクラビング過程等でアルミニウムやマンガンを除去することは困難であるから、アルミニウムイオン及び/又はマンガンイオンを比較的多く含む場合は、Al・Mn抽出工程を行ってこれらを十分に取り除いておくことが望ましい。
この溶媒抽出では、pHを、好ましくは2.3~3.5、より好ましくは2.5~3.0とする。
また、酸性溶液は、不純物として、ナトリウムイオン、アルミニウムイオン、マンガンイオン、リチウムイオンからなる群から選択される少なくとも一種を含むことがある。なかでもナトリウムイオンは、中和工程等といったような様々な工程で混入する可能性のある不純物であり、後述する工程でこれを有効に取り除くことが重要である。ナトリウムイオンを含む場合、ナトリウム濃度は、たとえば0g/L~30g/L、典型的には10g/L~20g/Lである。アルミニウムイオンを含む場合、アルミニウム濃度は、たとえば0.000g/L~0.050g/L、典型的には0.010g/L~0.020g/Lである。マンガンイオンを含む場合、マンガン濃度は、たとえば0.000g/L~0.100g/L、典型的には0.010g/L~0.050g/Lである。アルミニウム及びマンガンは以下の工程で除去できないことが懸念されるので、アルミニウム及びマンガンの合計濃度は、たとえば1mg/L以下程度に十分に低くしておくことが望ましい。リチウムイオンを含む場合、リチウム濃度は、たとえば0.000g/L~2g/L、典型的には0.100g/L~1.5g/Lである。その他、酸性溶液は、鉄イオン及び/又は銅イオンを含むことがあるが、鉄濃度は10mg/L以下、さらに0.005g/L以下であることが好ましく、銅濃度は10mg/L以下、さらに0.005g/L以下であることが好ましい。
(第一抽出工程)
上述した酸性溶液から、コバルト及びニッケルのうちのコバルト又は両方を回収するため、第一抽出工程を行う。この第一抽出工程は、溶媒抽出により、酸性溶液中の、主としてコバルトイオンを抽出するとともに逆抽出するものであるので、Co回収用の第一抽出工程ともいう。
このようなスクラビング過程を経ることにより、溶媒中のナトリウム濃度を5mg/L以下、好ましくは1mg/L以下にすることができる。
(第二抽出工程)
溶上記のCo回収用の第一抽出工程で得られる逆抽出後液からコバルトイオンを、ニッケルイオンから分離させて選択的に抽出するため、溶媒抽出による第二抽出工程(Co回収用の第二抽出工程)を行う。なお、Co回収用工程では、ニッケルイオンは不純物として取り扱われ得る。
具体的には、第一抽出工程で得られた逆抽出後液と、この第二抽出工程での抽出剤とを接触させる前もしくは後に、逆抽出後液にアンモニアイオンを添加してpHを調整し、コバルトイオンを抽出することができる。アンモニアイオンは、たとえば、アンモニア水または、塩化アンモニウム(NH4Cl)等の形態として添加することができる。アンモニア水を添加する場合、アンモニア水の添加量は、コバルト溶解液に対する体積比で1%~10%とすることが好適である。
抽出剤は、芳香族系、パラフィン系、ナフテン系等の炭化水素系有機溶剤を用いて、濃度が10~30体積%となるように希釈して使用することができる。
溶媒抽出は繰り返し行ってもよく、たとえば有機相と水相が向流接触するようにした多段方式とすることもできる。O/A比(水相に対する有機相の体積比)は0.1~10とすることが一般的である。
逆抽出液としては、次工程である硫酸コバルトの結晶化工程を考慮すると、硫酸を使用することが好ましい。逆抽出液の酸濃度はpH:1.0~3.0に調整することが好ましく、pH:1.5~2.5に調整することがより好ましい。
逆抽出は、15℃~60℃以下で実施することができる。
抽出後液中のコバルト濃度は、たとえば1g/L~200g/L、典型的には80g/L~100g/Lになる。また抽出後液中のニッケル濃度は、たとえば2mg/L以下、典型的には1mg/L以下とすることができる。
第二抽出工程で得られた逆抽出後液に対しては、そこに含まれるコバルトイオンを結晶化させるCo回収用の結晶化工程を行う。ここでは、逆抽出後液を、たとえば40℃~120℃に加熱して濃縮し、コバルトイオンを硫酸コバルトとして晶析させる。
(抽出工程)
Ni回収用の抽出工程では、はじめに溶媒抽出過程として、上述したCo回収用の第一抽出工程で得られる抽出残液に対し、好ましくはカルボン酸系抽出剤を使用し、その抽出残液からニッケルイオンを分離させ、ニッケルイオンを溶媒に抽出する。カルボン酸系抽出剤としては、たとえばネオデカン酸、ナフテン酸等があるが、なかでもニッケルイオンの抽出能力の理由によりネオデカン酸が好ましい。
溶媒抽出過程では、pHを、好ましくは6.0~8.0、より好ましくは6.8~7.2とする。
スクラビング過程により、溶媒中のナトリウム濃度を5mg/L以下、好ましくは1mg/L以下にすることができる。
Ni回収用の結晶化工程では、上記のNi回収用の抽出工程で得られた逆抽出後液を、たとえば40℃~120℃に加熱して濃縮し、ニッケルイオンを硫酸ニッケルとして晶析させる。
この結晶化工程で得られた硫酸コバルトは、不純物がほぼ含まれておらず、リチウムイオン二次電池の製造の原料として用いることに適している。
黒色粉末状のリチウムイオン二次電池の正極材を含む廃棄物に対し、先に述べたように、焙焼、リチウム溶解、酸浸出、中和及びAl・Mn抽出の各工程を順次に行って、コバルトイオン及びニッケルイオンを含む酸性溶液(溶液B)を得た。この酸性溶液(溶液B)を得たAl・Mn抽出の前後の液中の各種金属濃度を表1に示す。表1中、溶液Aは、Al・Mn抽出工程を行う前の溶液である。
上記の酸性溶液(溶液B)に対して第一抽出工程を行った。第一抽出工程の溶媒抽出過程の条件は、2-エチルヘキシルホスホン酸2-エチルヘキシル(商品名:PC-88A)を用い、抽出時のpHは5.5とした。これにより、コバルトイオンを抽出した抽出剤(溶媒a)を得た。抽出残液(溶液C)における各種金属濃度は表2に示すとおりとなった。
Co回収用工程における第一抽出工程で得られた抽出残液(溶液C)を用いて、ニッケルイオンを抽出・逆抽出する抽出工程を行った。このときの抽出過程の条件は、ネオデカン酸を用いてpH7とし、スクラビング過程の条件はpH4.5とし、逆抽出過程の条件はpH2とした。この溶媒抽出過程の前後の液中の各種金属濃度を表8に、またスクラビング過程の前後の各種金属濃度を表9に、また逆抽出過程後に得られた逆抽出後液(溶液H)の各種金属濃度を表10にそれぞれ示す。なお、表8の溶液Gは、この抽出工程の抽出残液であり、表9の溶媒c及びdはそれぞれ、スクラビング前後の各溶媒である。
Claims (9)
- リチウムイオン二次電池の正極材を含む廃棄物に対して湿式処理を施して得られ、コバルトイオン、ニッケルイオン及び不純物を含有する酸性溶液から、有価金属であるコバルト及びニッケルのうちの少なくともコバルトを回収する方法であって、
前記酸性溶液から、溶媒抽出によりコバルトイオンを抽出するとともに逆抽出するCo回収用の第一抽出工程と、Co回収用の第一抽出工程で得られる逆抽出後液から、溶媒抽出によりコバルトイオンを抽出するとともに逆抽出するCo回収用の第二抽出工程とを含み、
前記Co回収用の第一抽出工程が、前記酸性溶液中のコバルトイオンを溶媒に抽出する溶媒抽出過程、コバルトイオンを抽出した前記溶媒をスクラビングするスクラビング過程、および、スクラビング後の前記溶媒中のコバルトイオンを溶液に逆抽出する逆抽出過程を有する、有価金属の回収方法。 - Co回収用の第一抽出工程の前記スクラビング過程で、前記溶媒のスクラビングに用いるスクラビング液のpHを4~5とする、請求項1に記載の有価金属の回収方法。
- 前記酸性溶液に含まれる不純物に、ナトリウムイオンが含まれ、
Co回収用の第一抽出工程の前記スクラビング過程で、前記溶媒中のナトリウム濃度を5mg/L以下にする、請求項1又は2に記載の有価金属の回収方法。 - Co回収用の第一抽出工程で得られる抽出残液から、溶媒抽出によりニッケルイオンを抽出するとともに逆抽出するNi回収用の抽出工程をさらに含み、
前記Ni回収用の抽出工程が、前記酸性溶液中のニッケルイオンを溶媒に抽出する溶媒抽出過程、ニッケルイオンを抽出した前記溶媒をスクラビングするスクラビング過程、および、スクラビング後の前記溶媒中のニッケルイオンを溶液に逆抽出する逆抽出過程を有する、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の有価金属の回収方法。 - Ni回収用の抽出工程で得られる逆抽出後液で、該逆抽出後液に含まれるニッケルイオンを結晶化させるNi回収用の結晶化工程をさらに含む、請求項4に記載の有価金属の回収方法。
- Ni回収用の抽出工程の前記スクラビング過程で、前記溶媒のスクラビングに用いるスクラビング液のpHを4~5とする、請求項4又は5に記載の有価金属の回収方法。
- 前記酸性溶液に含まれる不純物に、ナトリウムイオンが含まれ、
Ni回収用の抽出工程の前記スクラビング過程で、前記溶媒中のナトリウム濃度を5mg/L以下にする、請求項4~6のいずれか一項に記載の有価金属の回収方法。 - 前記酸性溶液が含有する不純物に、アルミニウム及び/又はマンガンが含まれ、該酸性溶液中のアルミニウム及びマンガンの合計濃度が1mg/L以下である、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の有価金属の回収方法。
- 前記酸性溶液が含有する不純物に、アルミニウム及び/又はマンガンが含まれ、
前記酸性溶液が、溶媒抽出によりアルミニウムイオン及び/又はマンガンイオンを抽出するとともに逆抽出するAl・Mn抽出工程を経て得られたものである、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の有価金属の回収方法。
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