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WO2019224944A1 - Climatiseur - Google Patents

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Publication number
WO2019224944A1
WO2019224944A1 PCT/JP2018/019844 JP2018019844W WO2019224944A1 WO 2019224944 A1 WO2019224944 A1 WO 2019224944A1 JP 2018019844 W JP2018019844 W JP 2018019844W WO 2019224944 A1 WO2019224944 A1 WO 2019224944A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
refrigerant
refrigerant pipe
heating
outdoor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2018/019844
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
惇 川島
雄亮 田代
早丸　靖英
近藤　雅一
雅一 佐藤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority to PCT/JP2018/019844 priority Critical patent/WO2019224944A1/fr
Priority to JP2020520932A priority patent/JP7042906B2/ja
Publication of WO2019224944A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019224944A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air conditioner that simultaneously performs defrosting of an outdoor heat exchanger and indoor heating.
  • Patent Document 1 has a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, a pressure reducing device, and an outdoor heat exchanger are connected by refrigerant piping, and allows hot gas to flow from the discharge side of the compressor to the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • a bypass circuit is provided.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger divides the refrigerant circuit into two parts, upper and lower, and constitutes a lower heat exchanger and an upper heat exchanger.
  • the control device opens and closes the main circuit opening / closing mechanism and the second expansion device, heats the lower heat exchanger while defrosting the upper heat exchanger, and then deheats the lower heat exchanger.
  • Heating defrost operation is performed by heating with an exchanger.
  • Patent Literature 1 when defrosting the upper heat exchanger during heating defrost operation, the melted drain water flows down on the heat transfer fins of the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the drain water flowing down is drawn to the leeward side of the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the amount of drain water on the lee side of the heat transfer fin of the outdoor heat exchanger becomes larger than the amount of drain water on the upper side, and the flow capacity of the lee side drain water is saturated.
  • a certain amount of drain water is retained on the leeward side of the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems.
  • the upper heat exchanger functions as an evaporator after the defrosting of the upper heat exchanger, the drain water retained at the time of defrosting is re-iced. And it aims at providing the air conditioner which can suppress that a heating capability falls.
  • An air conditioner according to the present invention is condensed by a compressor that compresses and discharges a refrigerant, an indoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and room air, and the indoor heat exchanger.
  • the first expansion device for decompressing the refrigerant and the upper heat exchanger and the lower heat exchanger whose flow paths are independent from each other are configured to exchange heat between the refrigerant that has passed through the first expansion device and the outside air.
  • An outdoor heat exchanger, a flow path switching device that selectively switches a flow path to the upper heat exchanger side or the lower heat exchanger side, are sequentially connected by piping, a refrigerant circuit in which refrigerant circulates, and the outdoor An outdoor fan for supplying air to the heat exchanger, a hot gas bypass pipe connecting the discharge side of the compressor and the flow path switching device, a second expansion device provided in the hot gas bypass pipe, and heating While performing normal operation, the upper heat exchanger And a control device that performs a heating defrost operation that alternately defrosts the lower heat exchanger, and the control device depresses the upper heat exchanger during the heating defrost operation.
  • the number of rotations is controlled to the minimum number of rotations that can be taken during normal heating operation, and when the lower heat exchanger is defrosted, the number of rotations of the outdoor fan is controlled to be higher than the minimum number of rotations. Is.
  • the rotation speed of the outdoor fan is controlled to the lowest rotation speed that can be taken during the normal heating operation.
  • the rotational speed of the outdoor fan is controlled to be higher than the minimum rotational speed.
  • the amount of drain water retained on the leeward side of the upper heat exchanger at the time of defrosting of the upper heat exchanger can be suppressed, and after defrosting of the upper heat exchanger, the upper heat exchanger functioned as an evaporator In this case, it is possible to ensure the heating capacity while suppressing the drainage water held on the leeward side of the upper heat exchanger from re-freezing and reducing the heating capacity.
  • FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of an air conditioner 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • An air conditioner 100 according to the present embodiment includes an outdoor unit 1 and an indoor unit 2, and the outdoor unit 1 and the indoor unit 2 are separated by refrigerant pipes 83 and 84 and electric wiring (not shown). It is a shape.
  • the outdoor unit 1 includes a compressor 10, a first flow switching device 20, a first expansion device 30, a second expansion device 60, a second flow switching device 70, an outdoor heat exchanger 50, and an outdoor fan. 500, an outside air temperature detecting device 200 for detecting the outside air temperature, and a control device 300.
  • the indoor unit 2 includes an indoor heat exchanger 40 and an indoor fan 400.
  • the compressor 10, the first flow path switching device 20, the indoor heat exchanger 40, the first expansion device 30, the outdoor heat exchanger 50, and the second flow path switching device 70 include refrigerant pipes 81 to 85. , 86A to 87A and 86B to 87B, 89, 91 are sequentially connected to have a refrigerant circuit in which the refrigerant circulates.
  • refrigerants that circulate in the refrigerant circuit can be employed, such as R32 and R410A.
  • the discharge side of the compressor 10 and the A port of the second flow path switching device 70 are connected by hot gas bypass pipes 80 and 88, and the second throttle device 60 is provided in the hot gas bypass pipes 80 and 88. It has been.
  • the refrigerant pipe 81 is connected to the discharge side of the compressor 10 and branches into a hot gas bypass pipe 80 and a refrigerant pipe 82 on the way.
  • the refrigerant pipe 82 is connected to the G port of the first flow path switching device 20, and the hot gas bypass pipe 80 is connected to the second expansion device 60.
  • the refrigerant pipe 83 connects the H port of the first flow path switching device 20 and the indoor heat exchanger 40.
  • the refrigerant pipe 84 connects the indoor heat exchanger 40 and the first expansion device 30.
  • the refrigerant pipe 85 is connected to the first throttling device 30 and is branched into a refrigerant pipe 86A and a refrigerant pipe 86B on the way, the refrigerant pipe 86A is connected to the upper heat exchanger 50A of the outdoor heat exchanger 50, and the refrigerant pipe 86B is The outdoor heat exchanger 50 is connected to a lower heat exchanger 50B.
  • the refrigerant pipe 87A connects the upper heat exchanger 50A and the B2 port of the second flow path switching device 70, and the refrigerant pipe 87B connects the lower heat exchanger 50B and the B1 port of the second flow path switching device 70. .
  • the hot gas bypass pipe 88 connects the second expansion device 60 and the A port of the second flow path switching device 70.
  • the refrigerant pipe 89 connects the C port of the second flow path switching device 70 and the E port of the first flow path switching device 20.
  • the refrigerant pipe 91 connects the F port of the first flow path switching device 20 and the suction side of the compressor 10.
  • the control device 300 includes, for example, dedicated hardware or a CPU (also referred to as a central processing unit, a central processing device, a processing device, an arithmetic device, a microprocessor, a microcomputer, or a processor) that executes a program stored in a memory. Has been.
  • a CPU also referred to as a central processing unit, a central processing device, a processing device, an arithmetic device, a microprocessor, a microcomputer, or a processor
  • the air conditioner 100 There are two types of operation of the air conditioner 100 according to the present embodiment: a cooling operation and a heating operation.
  • the heating operation the heating normal operation in which both the upper heat exchanger 50A and the lower heat exchanger 50B function as an evaporator, and one of the upper heat exchanger 50A and the lower heat exchanger 50B is an evaporator.
  • heating and defrosting operation in which the other functions as a condenser.
  • the control apparatus 300 performs either of these driving
  • the compressor 10 is configured such that the operating frequency can be changed by a control signal received from the control device 300. By changing the operating frequency of the compressor 10, the output of the compressor 10 can be adjusted.
  • Various types of compressor 10 can be employed, such as a rotary type, a reciprocating type, a scroll type, and a screw type.
  • the first flow path switching device 20 is a device that switches between a cooling operation and a heating operation, and is a four-way valve, for example, but may be configured by combining a two-way valve and a three-way valve.
  • the heating operation as shown by the solid line in FIG. 1, the refrigerant pipe 82 and the refrigerant pipe 83 which are discharge pipes of the compressor 10 are connected, and the refrigerant pipe 89 and the refrigerant pipe 91 which is a compressor suction pipe are connected. To do.
  • the refrigerant pipe 82 and the refrigerant pipe 89 are connected, and the refrigerant pipe 83 and the refrigerant pipe 91 are connected as indicated by a broken line in FIG.
  • the first throttling device 30 is a device that depressurizes the refrigerant flowing into the first throttling device 30, and is, for example, an expansion valve.
  • the indoor fan 400 is provided in the indoor heat exchanger 40 and supplies air to the indoor heat exchanger 40.
  • the outdoor fan 500 is provided in the outdoor heat exchanger 50 and supplies air to the outdoor heat exchanger 50.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 50 is a finned tube heat exchanger having a plurality of heat transfer pipes and a plurality of heat transfer fins.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 50 includes, for example, an upper heat exchanger 50A and a lower heat exchanger 50B that are divided vertically as shown in FIG. 3, and the upper heat exchanger 50A and the lower heat exchanger 50B are Are connected to each other in parallel. Further, the upper heat exchanger 50A and the lower heat exchanger 50B have divided heat transfer fins.
  • the refrigerant flow direction will be described in the description of the operation.
  • the hot gas bypass pipes 80 and 88 are provided in order to use a part of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 for defrosting the upper heat exchanger 50A and the lower heat exchanger 50B.
  • the hot gas bypass pipe 80 is connected with a second throttle device 60, which is an expansion valve, for example, as a throttle mechanism. After the pressure of a part of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 is reduced to an intermediate pressure, the second flow path switching is performed. The refrigerant is guided to the defrost target among the upper heat exchanger 50A and the lower heat exchanger 50B via the device 70.
  • the compressor 10 sucks the refrigerant from the refrigerant pipe 91 and compresses it.
  • the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant is discharged from the compressor 10 and flows to the refrigerant pipe 89 via the refrigerant pipe 81, the refrigerant pipe 82, and the first flow path switching device 20.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 89 is branched by the second flow path switching device 70 as shown by the solid line in FIG. 1, and one of the refrigerant flows from the port B2 to the refrigerant pipe 87A and the other flows from the port B1 to the refrigerant pipe 87B.
  • the gas refrigerant branched into the refrigerant pipe 87A flows into the upper heat exchanger 50A, exchanges heat with outdoor air in the upper heat exchanger 50A, condenses, and flows into the refrigerant pipe 86A as a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
  • the gas refrigerant branched to the refrigerant pipe 87B flows to the lower heat exchanger 50B, exchanges heat with outdoor air in the lower heat exchanger 50B, condenses, and flows into the refrigerant pipe 86B as a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
  • the control apparatus 300 can adjust the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 500 with a control signal. At this time, the amount of air transported to the outdoor heat exchanger 50 is changed by adjusting the rotational speed of the outdoor fan 500 by the control device 300, and the heat exchanged between the refrigerant and the air in the outdoor heat exchanger 50 is adjusted. be able to.
  • the control apparatus 300 can adjust the opening degree of the 1st expansion device 30 with a control signal.
  • the decompression amount of the refrigerant can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the first throttling device 30 by the control device 300.
  • the opening degree of the first expansion device 30 is changed in the opening direction, the refrigerant pressure on the outlet side of the first expansion device 30 increases and the dryness of the refrigerant decreases.
  • the opening degree of the first expansion device 30 is changed in the closing direction, the refrigerant pressure on the outlet side of the first expansion device 30 decreases, and the dryness of the refrigerant increases.
  • the liquid refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 84 flows into the indoor heat exchanger 40, exchanges heat with the indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 40, evaporates, and flows into the refrigerant pipe 83 as a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the control apparatus 300 can adjust the rotation speed of the indoor fan 400 by a control signal. At this time, the amount of air transported to the indoor heat exchanger 40 is changed by adjusting the rotational speed of the indoor fan 400 by the control device 300, and the exchange heat amount of refrigerant and air in the indoor heat exchanger 40 is adjusted. be able to.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 83 flows again from the refrigerant pipe 91 to the compressor 10 via the first flow path switching device 20.
  • the compressor 10 sucks the refrigerant from the refrigerant pipe 91 and compresses it.
  • the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant is discharged from the compressor 10 and flows to the refrigerant pipe 83 via the refrigerant pipe 81, the refrigerant pipe 82, and the first flow path switching device 20.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing into the indoor heat exchanger 40 from the refrigerant pipe 83 exchanges heat with indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 40, condenses, and flows into the refrigerant pipe 84 as a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
  • the control device 300 controls the rotational speed of the indoor fan 400 to the indoor heat exchanger 40, and the amount of heat exchanged between the refrigerant and the air in the indoor heat exchanger 40 is adjusted. Can do.
  • the liquid refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor heat exchanger 40 is reduced in pressure by the first expansion device 30 through the refrigerant pipe 84 and flows into the refrigerant pipe 85 as a low-temperature and low-pressure two-phase refrigerant.
  • the decompression amount of the refrigerant can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the first throttling device 30 by the control device 300.
  • the opening degree of the first expansion device 30 is changed in the opening direction, the refrigerant pressure on the outlet side of the first expansion device 30 increases and the dryness of the refrigerant decreases.
  • the opening degree of the first expansion device 30 is changed in the closing direction, the refrigerant pressure on the outlet side of the first expansion device 30 decreases, and the dryness of the refrigerant increases.
  • the two-phase refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 85 branches into a refrigerant pipe 86A and a refrigerant pipe 86B.
  • the two-phase refrigerant branched into the refrigerant pipe 86A flows into the upper heat exchanger 50A, exchanges heat with outdoor air in the upper heat exchanger 50A, evaporates, and flows into the refrigerant pipe 87A as a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the two-phase refrigerant branched into the refrigerant pipe 86B flows into the lower heat exchanger 50B, exchanges heat with outdoor air in the lower heat exchanger 50B, evaporates and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant into the refrigerant pipe 87B. Flowing. At this time, the amount of air transported to the outdoor heat exchanger 50 is changed by adjusting the rotational speed of the outdoor fan 500 by the control device 300, and the heat exchanged between the refrigerant and the air in the outdoor heat exchanger 50 is adjusted. Can do.
  • the opening degree of the second expansion device 60 may be open or fully closed. Since the second flow path switching device 70 communicates between the port B1 and the port C and communicates between the port B2 and the port C, even if a refrigerant is present in the hot gas bypass pipe 88, the port A1 and others The refrigerant does not flow out to the other port.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 50 may be frosted and may need to be defrosted. In that case, it is conceivable to temporarily stop the normal heating operation, switch to the cooling operation, and perform a defrost operation in which the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant compressed by the compressor 10 flows to the outdoor heat exchanger 50. In this case, since the heating normal operation is interrupted, indoor comfort is lost.
  • heating defrost operation Next, heating defrost operation will be described.
  • the second flow path switching device 70 is operated to alternately defrost the upper heat exchanger 50A and the lower heat exchanger 50B.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the hot gas bypass pipe 80 is decompressed by the second expansion device 60, and passes through the hot gas bypass pipe 88, the second flow path switching device 70, and the refrigerant pipe 87A to the upper heat exchanger 50A that is a defrost target. Flows in.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the upper heat exchanger 50A is condensed while exchanging heat with frost, and defrosts the upper heat exchanger 50A.
  • the opening degree of the second expansion device 60 by adjusting the opening degree of the second expansion device 60 by the control device 300, the amount of refrigerant flowing into the upper heat exchanger 50A that is the defrost target is adjusted, and the exchange heat amount between the refrigerant and frost is adjusted. Can do.
  • the amount of refrigerant at the outlet of the second expansion device 60 increases, the amount of refrigerant flowing through the upper heat exchanger 50A increases, and the amount of heat exchanged between the refrigerant and frost. Will increase. At this time, the amount of refrigerant flowing through the indoor heat exchanger 40 decreases, so the heating capacity decreases.
  • the refrigerant amount at the outlet of the second expansion device 60 decreases, the refrigerant amount flowing through the upper heat exchanger 50A decreases, and the refrigerant and frost The amount of exchange heat is reduced. At this time, since the amount of refrigerant flowing through the indoor heat exchanger 40 increases, the heating capacity increases.
  • the refrigerant condensed in the upper heat exchanger 50A merges with the refrigerant condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 40 and depressurized in the first expansion device 30 at the junction of the refrigerant pipe 86A and the refrigerant pipe 85, and enters the refrigerant pipe 86B. Flowing.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the refrigerant pipe 86B flows into the lower heat exchanger 50B and evaporates. Thereafter, the refrigerant flows from the refrigerant pipe 91 to the compressor 10 again via the refrigerant pipe 87B, the second flow path switching device 70, and the refrigerant pipe 89.
  • the hot gas bypass pipe 88 and the refrigerant pipe 87B are The second flow path switching device 70 is operated so that the refrigerant pipe 87A and the refrigerant pipe 89 are connected. Thereby, a part of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows into the hot gas bypass pipe 80, and the remaining gas refrigerant passes through the refrigerant pipe 82, the first flow path switching device 20, and the refrigerant pipe 83. To the indoor heat exchanger 40.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the hot gas bypass pipe 80 is depressurized by the second expansion device 60, and the lower heat exchanger that is a defrost target via the hot gas bypass pipe 88, the second flow path switching device 70, and the refrigerant pipe 87B. It flows into 50B.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the lower heat exchanger 50B condenses while exchanging heat with frost, and defrosts the lower heat exchanger 50B.
  • the refrigerant condensed in the lower heat exchanger 50B is merged with the refrigerant condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 40 and decompressed in the first expansion device 30 at the junction of the refrigerant pipe 86B and the refrigerant pipe 85, and the refrigerant pipe 86A. Flowing into.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the refrigerant pipe 86A flows into the upper heat exchanger 50A and evaporates. Thereafter, the refrigerant flows from the refrigerant pipe 91 to the compressor 10 again via the refrigerant pipe 87A, the second flow path switching device 70, and the refrigerant pipe 89.
  • FIG. 2 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a modification of the air conditioner 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the refrigerant circuit of FIG. 1 can be substituted by the refrigerant circuit of FIG. 2, and the same effect as in the case of FIG. 1 can be obtained. Below, the refrigerant circuit structure of FIG. 2 is demonstrated.
  • the four-way valves 600 and 700 are an example of a device that switches between a cooling operation, a heating normal operation, and a heating defrost operation. Note that the K port of the four-way valve 600 and the Q port of the four-way valve 700 are sealed so that refrigerant does not flow out. Further, the four-way valves 600 and 700 may be configured by combining two-way valves and three-way valves.
  • the first flow path switching device 20 is a device that switches between a cooling operation and a heating operation, and is, for example, a four-way valve, but may be configured by combining a two-way valve and a three-way valve.
  • the heating operation as shown by the solid line in FIG. 2, the refrigerant pipe 82 and the refrigerant pipe 83 that are discharge pipes of the compressor 10 are connected, and the refrigerant pipe 95 and the refrigerant pipe 92 are connected.
  • the refrigerant pipe 82 and the refrigerant pipe 92 are connected, and the refrigerant pipe 83 and the refrigerant pipe 95 are connected as indicated by a broken line in FIG.
  • the check valve 90 is an example of an apparatus configured to allow the refrigerant to flow only in one direction. With the connection direction as shown in FIG. 2, the refrigerant flows out from the refrigerant pipe 92 toward the refrigerant pipe 96 and does not flow out from the refrigerant pipe 96 toward the refrigerant pipe 92.
  • the refrigerant pipe 87A is connected to the M port of the four-way valve 600, and the refrigerant pipe 93 is connected to the L port.
  • a refrigerant pipe 87B is connected to the S port of the four-way valve 700, and a refrigerant pipe 94 is connected to the R port.
  • the refrigerant pipes 93 and 94 merge and are connected to the refrigerant pipe 89 at the junction.
  • the hot gas bypass pipe 88 is bifurcated and connected to the J port of the four-way valve 600 and the P port of the four-way valve 700, respectively.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows from the refrigerant pipe 82 to the refrigerant pipe 92 via the first flow path switching device 20, passes through the check valve 90, and passes through the refrigerant pipe 96 to hot gas bypass. It flows to the pipe 88. Thereafter, the refrigerant branches and flows into the J port of the four-way valve 600 and the P port of the four-way valve 700, respectively.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing into the J port of the four-way valve 600 flows through the refrigerant pipe 87A, exchanges heat with outdoor air in the upper heat exchanger 50A, condenses, and flows into the refrigerant pipe 86A as a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing into the P port of the valve 700 flows through the refrigerant pipe 87B, exchanges heat with outdoor air in the lower heat exchanger 50B, condenses, and flows into the refrigerant pipe 86B as a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
  • the liquid refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 84 flows into the indoor heat exchanger 40, exchanges heat with indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 40, evaporates, and flows into the refrigerant pipe 83 as a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 83 flows again from the refrigerant pipe 91 to the compressor 10 via the first flow path switching device 20 and the refrigerant pipe 95.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows to the refrigerant pipe 83 via the refrigerant pipe 81, the refrigerant pipe 82, and the first flow path switching device 20.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing into the indoor heat exchanger 40 from the refrigerant pipe 83 exchanges heat with indoor air in the indoor heat exchanger 40, condenses, and flows into the refrigerant pipe 84 as a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
  • the liquid refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor heat exchanger 40 is reduced in pressure by the first expansion device 30 through the refrigerant pipe 84 and flows into the refrigerant pipe 85 as a low-temperature and low-pressure two-phase refrigerant.
  • the two-phase refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 85 branches into a refrigerant pipe 86A and a refrigerant pipe 86B.
  • the two-phase refrigerant branched into the refrigerant pipe 86A flows into the upper heat exchanger 50A, exchanges heat with outdoor air in the upper heat exchanger 50A, and evaporates to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the two-phase refrigerant branched to the refrigerant pipe 86B flows to the lower heat exchanger 50B, exchanges heat with outdoor air in the lower heat exchanger 50B, and evaporates to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant that has come out of the upper heat exchanger 50A flows from the refrigerant pipe 87A through the four-way valve 600 to the refrigerant pipe 93. Further, the refrigerant that has come out of the lower heat exchanger 50B flows through the refrigerant pipe 87B through the four-way valve 700 and then into the refrigerant pipe 94.
  • the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 93 and the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 94 merge at the junction of the refrigerant pipes 93, 94 and the refrigerant pipe 89, flow into the refrigerant pipe 89, and flow from the refrigerant pipe 91 to the compressor 10 again.
  • Heating defrost operation Next, heating defrost operation will be described.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 50 When the outdoor heat exchanger 50 is frosted during normal heating operation, for example, when it is necessary to defrost the upper heat exchanger 50A, the J port and the M port are connected, and the K port and the L port are connected.
  • the four-way valve 600 is operated so that the port is connected.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the hot gas bypass pipe 80 is depressurized by the second expansion device 60, and flows into the upper heat exchanger 50A that is the defrost target via the hot gas bypass pipe 88, the four-way valve 600, and the refrigerant pipe 87A.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the upper heat exchanger 50A is condensed while exchanging heat with frost, and defrosts the upper heat exchanger 50A.
  • the opening degree of the second expansion device 60 by adjusting the opening degree of the second expansion device 60 by the control device 300, the amount of refrigerant flowing into the upper heat exchanger 50A that is the defrost target is adjusted, and the exchange heat amount between the refrigerant and frost is adjusted. Can do.
  • the amount of refrigerant at the outlet of the second expansion device 60 increases, the amount of refrigerant flowing through the upper heat exchanger 50A increases, and the amount of heat exchanged between the refrigerant and frost. Will increase. At this time, the amount of refrigerant flowing through the indoor heat exchanger 40 decreases, so the heating capacity decreases.
  • the refrigerant amount at the outlet of the second expansion device 60 decreases, the refrigerant amount flowing through the upper heat exchanger 50A decreases, and the refrigerant and frost The amount of exchange heat is reduced. At this time, since the amount of refrigerant flowing through the indoor heat exchanger 40 increases, the heating capacity increases.
  • the refrigerant condensed in the upper heat exchanger 50A merges with the refrigerant condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 40 and depressurized in the first expansion device 30 at the junction of the refrigerant pipe 86A and the refrigerant pipe 85, and enters the refrigerant pipe 86B. Flowing.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the refrigerant pipe 86B flows into the lower heat exchanger 50B and evaporates. Thereafter, the refrigerant flows from the refrigerant pipe 91 to the compressor 10 again via the refrigerant pipe 87B, the four-way valve 700, and the refrigerant pipes 94 and 89.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 50 when the outdoor heat exchanger 50 is frosted during the normal heating operation, for example, when the lower heat exchanger 50B needs to be defrosted, the P port and the S port are connected, and the Q The four-way valve 700 is operated so that the port and the R port are connected. Thereby, a part of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows into the hot gas bypass pipe 80, and the remaining gas refrigerant passes through the refrigerant pipe 82, the first flow path switching device 20, and the refrigerant pipe 83. To the indoor heat exchanger 40.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the hot gas bypass pipe 80 is depressurized by the second expansion device 60, and flows into the lower heat exchanger 50B that is a defrost target via the hot gas bypass pipe 88, the four-way valve 700, and the refrigerant pipe 87B.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the lower heat exchanger 50B condenses while exchanging heat with frost, and defrosts the lower heat exchanger 50B.
  • the refrigerant condensed in the lower heat exchanger 50B is merged with the refrigerant condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 40 and decompressed in the first expansion device 30 at the junction of the refrigerant pipe 86B and the refrigerant pipe 85, and the refrigerant pipe 86A. Flowing into.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the refrigerant pipe 86A flows into the upper heat exchanger 50A and evaporates. Thereafter, the refrigerant flows from the refrigerant pipe 91 to the compressor 10 again via the refrigerant pipe 87A, the four-way valve 600, and the refrigerant pipes 93 and 89.
  • the defrost order of the upper heat exchanger 50A and the lower heat exchanger 50B connected in parallel to each other is such that after the defrost of the lower heat exchanger 50B, the upper heat exchanger 50A is defrosted, and then the lower side again It is desirable to defrost the heat exchanger 50B. The reason will be described below.
  • drain water A portion of the drain water flowing down from the upper heat exchanger 50A to the lower heat exchanger 50B is re-iced in the lower heat exchanger 50B functioning as an evaporator.
  • the lower heat exchanger 50B is defrosted to defrost frost generated during normal heating operation, and then the upper heat exchanger 50A is defrosted to defrost frost generated during normal heating operation. Finally, in order to defrost a part of the drain water flowing down from the upper heat exchanger 50A and re-freezing, the lower heat exchanger 50B is defrosted again. Thereby, defrost time can be shortened.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a cross section of the outdoor heat exchanger 50 and the outdoor fan 500 of the air conditioner 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention. Note that the number of stages, the number of divided stages, the number of rows, the number of passes, and the like of the outdoor heat exchanger 50 in FIG. 3 are merely examples, and are not limited to the configuration of the outdoor heat exchanger 50 illustrated in FIG.
  • the frost attached to the heat transfer fins melts and flows down on the heat transfer fin surface of the upper heat exchanger 50A. .
  • a portion of the drain water that has reached the lower end of the heat transfer fin of the upper heat exchanger 50A falls on the heat transfer fin surface of the lower heat exchanger 50B.
  • a part of the drain water flowing down on the heat transfer fins of the upper heat exchanger 50 ⁇ / b> A is drawn toward the leeward side of the heat transfer fins by the blowing of the outdoor fan 500.
  • the amount of drain water on the leeward side becomes larger than the amount of drain water on the windward side of the heat transfer fin surface at the lower end of the heat transfer fin of the upper heat exchanger 50A. Then, the flow capacity on the leeward side (leeward side drainage path 900 in FIG. 3) is saturated, and a certain amount of drain water is held on the leeward side at the lower end of the heat transfer fin of the upper heat exchanger 50A. .
  • the drain water held on the leeward side of the lower end portion of the heat transfer fin of the upper heat exchanger 50A is re-iced. .
  • the re-freezing drain water inhibits the air flow by the outdoor fan 500, and the amount of exchange heat is reduced, leading to a reduction in heating capacity.
  • the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant flowing in the evaporator is lowered, and the amount of frost formation on the heat transfer fins of the evaporator is increased.
  • problems such as a decrease in heating capacity and a longer defrost completion time (hereinafter referred to as a first problem) occur.
  • the first problem described above can be prevented by increasing the rotational speed of the outdoor fan 500 and blowing away drain water held on the leeward side of the lower end portion of the heat transfer fin of the upper heat exchanger 50A.
  • drain water adheres to the outdoor fan 500 held on the leeward side of the upper heat exchanger 50A when the upper heat exchanger 50A is defrosted and re-freezes, increasing the amount of freezing.
  • a second problem different from the above-mentioned first problem that causes breakage occurs. Therefore, it is not preferable to increase the number of rotations of the outdoor fan 500 to blow away the drain water held on the leeward side of the lower end portion of the heat transfer fin of the upper heat exchanger 50A.
  • the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 500 during normal heating operation is Ra
  • FIG. 4 is a first diagram showing a control flow of outdoor fan 500 during the heating operation of air conditioner 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a second diagram showing a control flow of outdoor fan 500 during the heating operation of air conditioner 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control flow of the outdoor fan 500 during the heating operation of the air conditioner 100 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • step S1 After starting the heating operation, first, after starting the normal heating operation, the control device 300 determines whether or not time t1 has elapsed (step S1). In step S1, when it is determined that time t1 has elapsed (Yes in step S1), control device 300 starts the heating defrost operation and starts defrosting of lower heat exchanger 50B (step S2).
  • control device 300 changes the number of rotations of outdoor fan 500 from the number of rotations Ra during normal heating operation to Rb based on the outside air temperature detected by outside air temperature detection device 200 (steps S3 and S4). ).
  • step S5 the control device 300 determines whether time t2 has elapsed.
  • step S5 when it is determined that time t2 has elapsed (Yes in step S5), control device 300 ends defrosting of lower heat exchanger 50B and starts defrosting of upper heat exchanger 50A (step S6). ). And the control apparatus 300 changes the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 500 from Rb to Rc (step S7).
  • step S8 the control device 300 determines whether time t3 has elapsed.
  • step S8 when it is determined that time t3 has elapsed (Yes in step S8), control device 300 ends defrosting of upper heat exchanger 50A and starts defrosting of lower heat exchanger 50B (step S9). ).
  • control device 300 changes the rotational speed of the outdoor fan 500 from Rc to Rd based on the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature detecting device 200 (steps S10 and S11).
  • Step S12 the control device 300 determines whether time t4 has elapsed (step S12).
  • Step S12 when it is determined that time t4 has elapsed (Yes in Step S12), the control device 300 ends the defrosting of the lower heat exchanger 50B and ends the heating defrosting operation (Step S13). Return to operation.
  • an icing temperature is assumed as a preset temperature, and is set to 0 ° C., for example.
  • the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 500 is set to be equal to or higher than the rotation speed Ra0 during the heating normal operation immediately before the heating defrost operation is started.
  • the rotation speed Ra0 of the outdoor fan 500 during normal heating operation immediately before the start of the heating defrost operation is the maximum rotation speed Rmax that can be taken during the normal heating operation
  • the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 500 is set to the maximum rotation speed Rmax.
  • defrost can be advanced efficiently by applying a lot of outside air having a temperature higher than 0 ° C. to the frost and using the heat energy of the outside air for the defrost.
  • the rotation speed R is set so that it does not freeze again when the upper heat exchanger 50A becomes an evaporator.
  • the rotational speed R of the outdoor fan 500 is set to a value smaller than the rotational speed Ra0 during normal heating operation immediately before starting the heating defrost operation.
  • the rotational speed R of the outdoor fan 500 is experimental for each heat exchanger. It is desirable to decide. As the rotational speed R of the outdoor fan 500 determined experimentally is larger than the minimum rotational speed Rmin that can be taken during normal heating operation, the evaporator can efficiently collect heat from the outside air. Therefore, it is possible to ensure the heating capacity while suppressing the drain water held at the lower end portion of the heat transfer fin of the upper heat exchanger 50A from re-freezing and reducing the heating capacity.
  • the rotational speed R of the outdoor fan 500 is experimentally determined, it is difficult to verify that the rotational speed is suitable in any cold region, and the rotational speed is not necessarily a general-purpose rotational speed. .
  • the rotational speed R of the outdoor fan 500 is the minimum rotational speed Rmin that can be taken during the normal heating operation while allowing a slight decrease in the heating capacity. By doing so, the amount of drain water retained on the leeward side of the upper heat exchanger 50A can be suppressed, and the first problem can be avoided. Furthermore, the second problem does not occur.
  • the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 500 is equal to or less than the rotation speed Ra0 during the normal heating operation immediately before starting the heating defrost operation, and is larger than the rotation speed R. It is made larger than the minimum rotation speed Rmin that can be taken during normal operation.
  • the lower heat exchanger 50B which is a condenser, reduces the amount of heat taken away from the refrigerant flowing through the outside air by reducing the outside air supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 50 at 0 ° C. or less, thereby improving the efficiency of defrosting. Can proceed well.
  • the rotational speed of the upper heat exchanger 50A is set to the same rotational speed R1 as when the outside air temperature is higher than 0 ° C., that is, the lowest rotational speed Rmin that can be taken during normal heating operation. . By doing so, the amount of drain water retained on the leeward side of the outdoor heat exchanger 50 can be suppressed, and the first problem can be avoided.
  • the air conditioner 100 includes the compressor 10 that compresses and discharges the refrigerant, the indoor heat exchanger 40 that exchanges heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 and the indoor air,
  • the first expansion device 30 is configured to depressurize the refrigerant condensed in the heat exchanger 40, and the upper heat exchanger 50A and the lower heat exchanger 50B are independent from each other.
  • An outdoor heat exchanger 50 that exchanges heat between the refrigerant that has passed and the outside air, and a second flow path switching device 70 that selectively switches the flow path to the upper heat exchanger 50A side or the lower heat exchanger side 50B are sequentially provided.
  • the control device 300 controls the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 500 to the minimum rotation speed Rmin that can be taken during the normal heating operation, so that the lower heat exchange is performed.
  • the rotational speed of the outdoor fan 500 is controlled to be higher than the minimum rotational speed Rmin.
  • the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 500 is set to the minimum rotation speed Rmin that can be taken during the heating normal operation.
  • the rotational speed of the outdoor fan 500 is controlled to be higher than the minimum rotational speed Rmin.
  • the air conditioner 100 includes an outside air temperature detection device 200 that detects the outside air temperature, and the control device 300 detects the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature detection device 200 during the heating defrost operation.
  • the rotational speed of the outdoor fan 500 is controlled to be equal to or higher than the rotational speed Ra0 during the normal heating operation immediately before starting the heating defrost operation.
  • the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature detection device 200 is equal to or lower than a preset temperature
  • the lower heat exchanger 50B is defrosted, the number of rotations of the outdoor fan 500 is set to the heating just before the heating defrost operation is started.
  • the rotational speed Ra0 during normal operation is controlled below.
  • the rotational speed of the outdoor fan 500 is Is controlled to be equal to or higher than the rotation speed Ra0 during the heating normal operation immediately before the heating defrost operation is started.
  • the rotational speed of the outdoor fan 500 is Is controlled to be equal to or higher than the rotation speed Ra0 during the heating normal operation immediately before the heating defrost operation is started.
  • the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 500 is set to the normal heating immediately before the heating defrost operation is started.
  • the rotational speed Ra0 during operation is controlled below.
  • the operation frequency of the compressor 10 may be increased.
  • the opening degree of the second expansion device 60 may be changed in the closing direction. In this case, since the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the hot gas bypass pipe 88 decreases, the amount of heat exchanged in the heat exchanger to be defrosted decreases.
  • the opening degree of the first expansion device 30 may be changed in the opening direction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un climatiseur pourvu : d'un circuit de fluide frigorigène, à travers lequel circule le fluide frigorigène et qui est formé par raccordement séquentiel, par canalisation, d'un compresseur, qui comprime le fluide frigorigène et qui évacue le fluide frigorigène, d'un échangeur de chaleur intérieur, qui échange de la chaleur entre l'air intérieur et le fluide frigorigène qui a été évacué du compresseur, d'un premier dispositif d'étranglement, qui réduit la pression du fluide frigorigène qui a été condensé par l'échangeur de chaleur intérieur, d'un échangeur de chaleur extérieur, qui comprend un échangeur de chaleur supérieur et un échangeur de chaleur inférieur, comportant des passages d'écoulement indépendants l'un de l'autre, l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur échangeant de la chaleur entre l'air extérieur et le fluide frigorigène ayant circulé à travers le premier dispositif d'étranglement et d'un dispositif de commutation de passage d'écoulement, qui commute de manière sélective un passage d'écoulement vers le côté échangeur de chaleur supérieur ou vers le côté échangeur de chaleur inférieur ; d'un ventilateur extérieur, permettant de fournir de l'air à l'échangeur de chaleur extérieur ; d'une tuyauterie de dérivation de gaz chaud, permettant de relier le dispositif de commutation de passage d'écoulement et le côté d'évacuation du compresseur ; d'un second dispositif d'étranglement, disposé dans la tuyauterie de dérivation de gaz chaud ; et d'un dispositif de régulation qui, tout en effectuant un fonctionnement normal de chauffage, effectue une opération de dégivrage par chauffage qui dégivre en alternance l'échangeur de chaleur supérieur et l'échangeur de chaleur inférieur. Pendant l'opération de dégivrage par chauffage, lors du dégivrage de l'échangeur de chaleur supérieur, le dispositif de régulation régule la vitesse du ventilateur extérieur à la vitesse la plus basse pouvant être obtenue pendant l'opération normale de chauffage et, lors du dégivrage de l'échangeur de chaleur inférieur, le dispositif de régulation régule la vitesse du ventilateur extérieur à une vitesse supérieure à la vitesse la plus basse.
PCT/JP2018/019844 2018-05-23 2018-05-23 Climatiseur Ceased WO2019224944A1 (fr)

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CN112460740A (zh) * 2020-11-30 2021-03-09 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 除霜的控制方法和控制装置
CN112539521A (zh) * 2020-12-21 2021-03-23 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种空调多联机及其化霜控制方法、装置和存储介质
CN113932506A (zh) * 2021-10-11 2022-01-14 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 空调
CN118056104A (zh) * 2021-10-07 2024-05-17 大金工业株式会社 热源机组及空调装置
WO2025192539A1 (fr) * 2024-03-11 2025-09-18 ダイキン工業株式会社 Dispositif à cycle frigorifique

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WO2010032430A1 (fr) * 2008-09-16 2010-03-25 パナソニック株式会社 Dispositif de conditionnement d'air
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JP2013160483A (ja) * 2012-02-08 2013-08-19 Daikin Industries Ltd 空気調和装置
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WO2017006596A1 (fr) * 2015-07-06 2017-01-12 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif à cycle de réfrigération

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JP2010276313A (ja) * 2009-05-29 2010-12-09 Daikin Ind Ltd 空気調和機の室外機
JP2013160483A (ja) * 2012-02-08 2013-08-19 Daikin Industries Ltd 空気調和装置
JP2016031182A (ja) * 2014-07-29 2016-03-07 日立アプライアンス株式会社 空気調和機
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112460740A (zh) * 2020-11-30 2021-03-09 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 除霜的控制方法和控制装置
CN112539521A (zh) * 2020-12-21 2021-03-23 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种空调多联机及其化霜控制方法、装置和存储介质
CN118056104A (zh) * 2021-10-07 2024-05-17 大金工业株式会社 热源机组及空调装置
CN113932506A (zh) * 2021-10-11 2022-01-14 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 空调
WO2025192539A1 (fr) * 2024-03-11 2025-09-18 ダイキン工業株式会社 Dispositif à cycle frigorifique

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