WO2019181990A1 - 複層塗膜形成方法 - Google Patents
複層塗膜形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019181990A1 WO2019181990A1 PCT/JP2019/011617 JP2019011617W WO2019181990A1 WO 2019181990 A1 WO2019181990 A1 WO 2019181990A1 JP 2019011617 W JP2019011617 W JP 2019011617W WO 2019181990 A1 WO2019181990 A1 WO 2019181990A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- coating film
- coating
- resin
- primer
- mass
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/56—Three layers or more
- B05D7/57—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat
- B05D7/572—Three layers or more the last layer being a clear coat all layers being cured or baked together
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/36—Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D179/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C09D161/00 - C09D177/00
- C09D179/02—Polyamines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/002—Priming paints
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/70—Additives characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2201/00—Polymeric substrate or laminate
- B05D2201/02—Polymeric substrate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2420/00—Indexing scheme corresponding to the position of each layer within a multilayer coating relative to the substrate
- B05D2420/01—Indexing scheme corresponding to the position of each layer within a multilayer coating relative to the substrate first layer from the substrate side
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2425/00—Indexing scheme corresponding to the position of each layer within a multilayer coating relative to the surface
- B05D2425/01—Indexing scheme corresponding to the position of each layer within a multilayer coating relative to the surface top layer/ last layer, i.e. first layer from the top surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0254—After-treatment
Definitions
- a multi-layer coating comprising an adhesive layer consisting of a functional isocyanate-based adhesive, wherein (i) all aminoplast resins contained in the primer are at least 90% of the etherified methylol groups are butanol A fully methylolated and fully etherified melamine resin, such as being etherified, and ( i)
- the base coat contains at least 1.0% by weight of at least one polyester binder having a hydroxyl number of at least 240 mg KOH / g and an acid number of at most 10 mg KOH / g, based on the total weight of the base coat.
- the method for forming a multilayer coating film of the present invention it is possible to form a multilayer coating film that can be formed on an object to be coated such as a plastic member and has excellent adhesion to the object to be coated.
- the multilayer coating film is particularly effective when, for example, a glass member such as a windshield is adhered to an object to be coated having the multilayer coating film.
- a multilayer coating film forming method for sequentially performing Satisfies at least one of the following (A) and (B).
- the primer coating film can be prevented from becoming too hard due to the isocyanate, and the multilayer coating film can obtain sufficient adhesion.
- the isocyanate amount ⁇ is preferably 0.01 to 2.0 parts by mass, more preferably 0, based on 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content of the base paint (Y). 0.01 to 1.0 part by mass.
- the calibration curve is a polyisocyanate compound contained in the solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z) in the primer paint (X) (for example, “SOFLEX 3100CD Primer Gray L50” (trade name, manufactured by Kansai Paint Co., Ltd.)).
- X for example, “SOFLEX 3100CD Primer Gray L50” (trade name, manufactured by Kansai Paint Co., Ltd.)
- Duranate TLA100 (trade name, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd., polyisocyanate compound)) is obtained, and the peak area ratio in the sample is plotted.
- the method for measuring the amount of isocyanate ⁇ is as follows: (i) The multi-layer coating film used for the measurement is coated with a base coating (Y) to a coating thickness of 15 ⁇ m, and then a solvent-based two-component clear It is obtained by coating paint (Z) to a cured film thickness of 30 ⁇ m and then baking at 80 ° C.
- dp depth of penetration
- ⁇ wavelength of infrared light
- ⁇ incident angle of infrared light to sample
- n 1 refractive index of crystal used for measurement
- n 2 refractive index of sample
- the base resin in the primer paint (X), those known per se that are conventionally used in paints can be used.
- acrylic resin, polyester resin, alkyd resin, polyurethane resin, polyolefin resin, etc. can be mentioned.
- These base resins preferably have a crosslinkable functional group such as a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, and an epoxy group in the molecule.
- These base resins can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content is 15 to 70% by mass based on the total resin solid content in the primer coating (X) from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the resulting coating film. It is preferably 25 to 60% by mass.
- Chlorinated polyolefin resin is a chlorinated product of polyolefin resin.
- the polyolefin resin that is the base of the chlorinated polyolefin resin include a radical homopolymer or copolymer of at least one olefin selected from ethylene, propylene, butene, methylbutene, isoprene, and the like, and the olefin and acetic acid. Examples thereof include a radical copolymer with vinyl, butadiene, acrylic acid ester, methacrylic acid ester and the like.
- the chlorinated polyolefin resin preferably has a weight average molecular weight within the range of 30,000 to 200,000, and more preferably has a weight average molecular weight within the range of 50,000 to 150,000.
- the chlorine content of the chlorinated polyolefin resin is preferably in the range of 10 to 40% by mass. If the chlorine content is within this range, the solubility of the multilayer coating film in the solvent does not decrease. Therefore, atomization at the time of spray coating is sufficient, and the solvent resistance of the multilayer coating film does not deteriorate.
- the chlorine content is more preferably in the range of 12 to 35% by mass.
- chlorinated polyolefin resin chlorinated polyethylene, chlorinated polypropylene, chlorinated ethylene-propylene copolymer, chlorinated ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and the like are preferable.
- the component (a) is obtained by modifying a chlorinated and / or non-chlorinated polyolefin resin with an acrylic resin, and includes an acrylic portion and a chlorinated and / or non-chlorinated polyolefin portion.
- the acrylic-modified chlorinated polyolefin resin (a1) for example, an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid and / or an acid anhydride thereof is graft-copolymerized to the polyolefin resin to obtain an acid-modified polyolefin resin (a11). Then, the acid-modified polyolefin resin (a11) is chlorinated to give an acid-modified chlorinated polyolefin resin (a12), and then in the presence of a polymerization initiator, a polymerizable unsaturated compound containing a hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylic acid ester.
- a polymerization initiator a polymerizable unsaturated compound containing a hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylic acid ester.
- the acrylic-modified non-chlorinated polyolefin resin (a2) for example, an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid and / or an acid anhydride thereof is graft-copolymerized to the polyolefin resin to obtain the acid-modified polyolefin resin (a11).
- a method of graft-polymerizing a polymerizable unsaturated monomer containing a hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylic acid ester in the presence of a polymerization initiator to perform acrylic modification can be mentioned.
- (meth) acrylate means acrylate or methacrylate
- (meth) acrylic acid means acrylic acid or methacrylic acid
- Examples of the polymerizable unsaturated monomer include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl ( Alkyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid such as (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate; (meth) acrylic acid, glycidyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) Acrylic monomers such as acrylamide and (meth) acrylonitrile; and styrene and the like.
- butyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, and cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate are preferred.
- a peroxide initiator such as benzoyl peroxide and an azo initiator such as azobisisobutyronitrile can be preferably used.
- the acrylic-modified chlorinated polyolefin resin (a1) has a glass transition temperature of the acrylic portion of preferably ⁇ 50 to 0 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 45 to ⁇ 5 ° C., and still more preferably, from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the resulting coating film. Is ⁇ 35 to ⁇ 15 ° C.
- the acrylic-modified chlorinated polyolefin resin (a1) is preferably 7: 3 to 2: 8, more preferably a solid content mass ratio of the acrylic portion to the chlorinated polyolefin portion, from the viewpoint of adhesion of the resulting coating film. 6.5: 3.5 to 2.5: 7.5, more preferably 6: 4 to 3: 7.
- W1, W2,... Wn are the mass fractions of each monomer
- T1, T2,... Tn are the glass transition temperatures Tg (K) of the homopolymer of each monomer.
- the resin includes a base resin and a curing agent unless otherwise specified.
- the hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin can be obtained, for example, by esterifying a polybasic acid and a polyhydric alcohol with an excess of hydroxyl groups by a method known per se.
- the polyhydric alcohol is a compound having two or more hydroxyl groups in one molecule, for example, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, butylene glycol, hexanediol, 2-ethyl-2 -Butyl-1,3-propanediol, cyclohexanedimethanol, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, sorbitol and the like.
- the hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin preferably has a hydroxyl value in the range of 10 to 150 mgKOH / g, and more preferably in the range of 50 to 85 mgKOH / g, from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the resulting coating film.
- the hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin preferably has an acid value in the range of 0 to 50 mgKOH / g, more preferably in the range of 1 to 30 mgKOH / g, from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the resulting coating film.
- the hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin preferably has a number average molecular weight in the range of 1,500 to 100,000, and in the range of 2,000 to 30,000, from the viewpoint of the adhesion of the resulting coating film. Is more preferable.
- the use amount of the hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin is preferably 5 on the basis of the total resin solid content in the primer paint (X) from the viewpoint of adhesiveness of the resulting coating film. -15% by mass, more preferably 7-20% by mass.
- the hydroxyl group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer is a compound having a hydroxyl group and a polymerizable unsaturated group.
- monoesterified products of acrylic acid and diols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and ⁇ -caprolactone modified products of these compounds having a hydroxyl group, a (meth) acryloyl group, and a polymerizable unsaturated group are examples of monoesterified products of acrylic acid and diols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and ⁇ -caprolactone modified products of these compounds having a hydroxyl group, a (meth) acryloyl group, and a polymerizable unsaturated group.
- Examples of (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester monomers include, for example, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, ( And monoesterified products of (meth) acrylic acid and monoalcohols having 1 to 20 carbon atoms such as 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, and stearyl (meth) acrylate. it can.
- the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin preferably has a hydroxyl value in the range of 10 to 100 mgKOH / g, and more preferably in the range of 50 to 90 mgKOH / g, from the viewpoint of adhesiveness of the resulting coating film.
- the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin preferably has an acid value in the range of 0 to 50 mgKOH / g, and more preferably in the range of 2 to 30 mgKOH / g, from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the resulting coating film.
- the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin preferably has a weight average molecular weight in the range of 2,000 to 100,000, and in the range of 3,000 to 50,000, from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the resulting coating film. Is more preferable.
- a curing agent that can react with the functional group of the base resin can be used.
- the curing agent include melamine resin, epoxy resin, polyisocyanate compound, block polyisocyanate compound, polycarbodiimide compound, and the like. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the melamine resin preferably has a weight average molecular weight in the range of 400 to 4000, more preferably in the range of 600 to 3000, particularly from the viewpoint of adhesion of the resulting coating film. .
- the melamine resin preferably contains an imino group-containing melamine resin.
- the number of imino groups per triazine nucleus in the melamine resin is preferably 1 or more, and more preferably in the range of 1.2 to 2.
- the melamine resin When an imino group-containing melamine resin having a weight average molecular weight of 400 to 4000 is used in the primer paint (X), the melamine resin supplements the isocyanate, so that the isocyanate amount ⁇ can be reduced.
- the content of the primer coating (X) is the total in the primer coating (X) from the viewpoint of adhesiveness of the resulting coating film.
- the amount is preferably 2.5 to 15% by mass, more preferably 3 to 10% by mass, based on the resin solid content.
- epoxy resin examples include bisphenol A type epoxy resin; bisphenol F type epoxy resin; novolac type epoxy resin; hydrogenated bisphenol A type epoxy resin; ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, Propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane polyglycidyl ether, hexahydrophthalic acid diglycidyl ester, glycerin polyglycidyl ether, di Fats such as glycerin polyglycidyl ether and polyglycerin polyglycidyl ether Family type epoxy resins; biphenyl type epoxy resin; dicyclopentadiene type epoxy resin; and the like. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more
- the epoxy resin preferably has an epoxy equivalent in the range of 170 to 4000 g / equivalent, and an epoxy equivalent in the range of 220 to 2700 g / equivalent from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the resulting coating film. More preferred.
- the epoxy resin preferably has a molecular weight in the range of 170 to 2,800, more preferably in the range of 200 to 800, from the viewpoint of adhesion of the resulting coating film. Moreover, it is preferable that this epoxy resin has a hydroxyl group from an adhesive viewpoint of the coating film obtained.
- the polysulfide-modified epoxy resin is a bisphenol-type epoxy resin having a compound containing a bisphenol skeleton and a polysulfide skeleton in the molecular main chain.
- Examples of the compound containing a bisphenol skeleton include a bisphenol A type epoxy resin, a bisphenol AD type epoxy resin, a halogenated bisphenol A type epoxy resin, a bisphenol F type epoxy resin, and a halogenated bisphenol F type epoxy resin. .
- bisphenol F type epoxy resin is preferred from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the coating film obtained.
- the polysulfide-modified epoxy resin preferably has a number average molecular weight in the range of 350 to 4,500, more preferably in the range of 900 to 3,500, from the viewpoint of adhesion of the resulting coating film.
- the epoxy equivalent is preferably in the range of 110 to 500 g / equivalent, more preferably in the range of 130 to 400 g / equivalent, more preferably from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the resulting coating film. Within the range of 150 to 350 g / equivalent.
- polysulfide-modified epoxy resin those having a viscosity at 25 ° C. of 3000 poise or less are preferable, and those having a viscosity at 25 ° C. of 100 to 300 poise are more preferable from the viewpoint of easy handling.
- polysulfide-modified epoxy resins examples include “FLEP-10”, “FLEP-50”, “FLEP-60”, “FLEP-65”, “FLEP-80”, “FLEP-120X”, “FLEP -125X “,” FLEP-410C “,” FVD-103X “,” FVD-105X “,” FVD-423C “(all trade names, manufactured by Toray Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.).
- the content is preferably based on the total resin solid content in the primer paint (X) from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the resulting coating film. It is 5 to 25% by mass, more preferably 7 to 20% by mass, and further preferably 10 to 18% by mass.
- the polyisocyanate compound is a compound having at least two isocyanate groups in one molecule.
- the blocked polyisocyanate compound is a polyisocyanate compound in which an isocyanate group in the molecule is blocked with a blocking agent.
- polyisocyanate compound examples include aliphatic polyisocyanate compounds, alicyclic polyisocyanate compounds, araliphatic polyisocyanate compounds and aromatic polyisocyanate compounds, and derivatives of these polyisocyanate compounds. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- aliphatic polyisocyanate compound examples include trimethylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, pentamethylene diisocyanate, 1,2-propylene diisocyanate, 1,2-butylene diisocyanate, 2,3-butylene diisocyanate, 1, Aliphatic diisocyanate compounds such as 3-butylene diisocyanate, 2,4,4- or 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, dimer acid diisocyanate and methyl 2,6-diisocyanatohexanoate (common name: lysine diisocyanate) 2,6-diisocyanatohexanoic acid 2-isocyanatoethyl, 1,6-diisocyanato-3-isocyanatomethylhexane, 1,4,8-triisocyanate Natooctane, 1,6,11-triisocyanatoundecane,
- araliphatic polyisocyanate compound examples include methylene bis (1,4-phenylene) diisocyanate (common name: MDI), 1,3- or 1,4-xylylene diisocyanate, or a mixture thereof, ⁇ , ⁇ ′-diisocyanato.
- Aromatic aliphatic diisocyanate compounds such as 1,4-diethylbenzene and 1,3- or 1,4-bis (1-isocyanato-1-methylethyl) benzene (common name: tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate) or mixtures thereof;
- araliphatic triisocyanate compounds such as 1,3,5-triisocyanatomethylbenzene.
- aromatic polyisocyanate examples include m-phenylene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, 4,4′-diphenyl diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, 2,4- or 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, or a mixture thereof.
- Aromatic diisocyanates such as 4,4′-toluidine diisocyanate and 4,4′-diphenyl ether diisocyanate, triphenylmethane-4,4 ′, 4 ′′ -triisocyanate, 1,3,5-triisocyanatebenzene, Aromatic triisocyanates such as 4,6-triisocyanate toluene, aromatic tetraisocyanates such as 4,4′-diphenylmethane-2,2 ′, 5,5′-tetraisocyanate, and the like can be mentioned.
- polyisocyanate derivative examples include dimer, trimer, biuret, allophanate, uretdione, uretoimine, isocyanurate, oxadiazine trione, polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate (crude MDI, polymeric MDI). And crude TDI.
- the polyisocyanate compound is preferably an alicyclic diisocyanate or a derivative of the alicyclic diisocyanate, more preferably an alicyclic diisocyanate, from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the resulting coating film.
- the content thereof is preferably 1 on the basis of the total resin solid content in the primer coating (X) from the viewpoint of adhesiveness of the resulting coating film. -25% by mass, more preferably 5-20% by mass.
- the block polyisocyanate compound can be obtained, for example, by adding a blocking agent to the isocyanate group of the polyisocyanate compound.
- the blocked polyisocyanate compound is stable at normal temperature, but when heated to the baking temperature of the coating film (usually about 90 to about 200 ° C.), the blocking agent can be dissociated to regenerate free isocyanate groups. It is desirable to be a thing.
- the blocking agent satisfying such requirements include phenols such as phenol, cresol, xylenol, nitrophenol, ethylphenol, hydroxydiphenyl, butylphenol, isopropylphenol, nonylphenol, octylphenol, methyl hydroxybenzoate, ⁇ -caprolactam, Lactams such as ⁇ -valerolactam, ⁇ -butyrolactam, ⁇ -propiolactam; aliphatic alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol; ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl Ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoether Ethers such as ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, methoxymethanol; benzyl alcohol; glycolic acid; glycolic acid esters such as methyl glycolate, ethyl glycolate,
- Lactic acid ester type lactic acid ester type; alcohol type such as methylol urea, methylol melamine, diacetone alcohol, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate; formamide oxime, acetamide oxime, acetoxime, methyl ethyl ketoxime, diacetyl monooxime, benzophenone oxime, cyclohexane Oximes such as oximes; dimethyl malonate, diethyl malonate, diisopropyl malonate, di-n-butyl malonate, Malonic acid dialkyl esters such as diethyl tilmalonate, benzylmethyl malonate, diphenyl malonate; acetoacetates such as methyl acetoacetate, ethyl acetoacetate, isopropyl acetoacetate, n-propyl acetoacetate, benzyl acetoa
- the block polyisocyanate compound when used, its content is preferably based on the total resin solid content in the primer paint (X) from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the resulting coating film. It is in the range of 1 to 25% by mass, more preferably in the range of 5 to 20% by mass.
- a polycarbodiimide compound is a compound having at least two carbodiimide groups in one molecule.
- Examples of commercially available polycarbodiimide compounds include “Carbodilite SV-02”, “Carbodilite V-02”, “Carbodilite V-02-L2”, “Carbodilite V-04”, “Carbodilite E-01”, “Carbodilite E”. -02 ”(all manufactured by Nisshinbo Co., Ltd.).
- the content thereof is preferably 1 on the basis of the total resin solid content in the primer coating (X) from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the resulting coating film. -25% by mass, more preferably 5-20% by mass.
- the flat pigment When a flat pigment is used in the primer paint (X), the flat pigment physically inhibits the movement of the isocyanate, so that the amount of isocyanate ⁇ can be reduced.
- Examples of the flat pigment include mica, alumina, talc, silica, and aluminum flake, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of mica include mica, aluminum oxide coated with titanium oxide or iron oxide, mica coated with titanium oxide or iron oxide, and the like.
- flat pigments it is preferable to use a flat pigment having an average particle diameter of 8 ⁇ m or more from the viewpoint of adhesiveness of the obtained coating film.
- the content of the flat pigment is preferably in the range of 1 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total resin solid content in the primer paint (X). More preferably, it is in the range of 2 to 15 parts by mass, and further preferably in the range of 3 to 12 parts by mass.
- pigments other than flat pigments colored pigments, extender pigments, conductive pigments, and the like can be used.
- color pigments include titanium oxide, carbon black, chrome lead, ocher, yellow iron oxide, Hansa Yellow, pigment yellow, chrome orange, chrome vermillion, permanent orange, amber, permanent red, brilliant carmine, fast violet, and methyl violet.
- examples include rake, ultramarine, bitumen, cobalt blue, phthalocyanine blue, pigment green, and naphthol green.
- titanium oxide and carbon black are particularly preferable. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of titanium oxide is based on the total resin solid content in the primer paint (X) from the viewpoint of adhesiveness of the resulting coating film.
- the amount is preferably 100 to 150% by mass, more preferably 110 to 140% by mass.
- extender pigments examples include calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, zinc white (zinc oxide), and the like. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the extender is preferably 1 on the basis of the total resin solid content in the primer paint (X) from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the resulting coating film. -20% by mass, more preferably 3-15% by mass.
- the conductive pigment is not particularly limited as long as it can impart conductivity to the coating film to be formed, and any pigment, flake, or fiber (including whisker) shape can be used. be able to.
- conductive carbon such as conductive carbon, carbon nanotube, carbon nanofiber, and carbon microcoil; and metals such as silver, nickel, copper, graphite, and aluminum can be used.
- the content of the conductive carbon is the total resin solid content in the primer paint (X) from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the resulting coating film. Is preferably 1 to 10% by mass, more preferably 2 to 7% by mass.
- silane coupling agent examples include 2- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrialkoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltrialkoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyl dialkoxysilane, N-2- ( Aminoethyl) -3-aminopropylmethyldialkoxysilane, N-2- (aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrialkoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrialkoxysilane, 3-aminopropylmethyldialkoxysilane, 3-mercapto Propylmethyl dialkoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltrialkoxysilane, N-phenyl-3-aminopropyltrialkoxysilane, 3-ureidopropyltrialkoxysilane, 3-chloropropyltrialkoxysilane, bis (trialco Shi) tetrasulfide may
- the primer paint (X) preferably further contains a curing catalyst from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the resulting coating film.
- the curing catalyst examples include quaternary salt catalysts such as tetraethylammonium bromide, tetrabutylammonium bromide, tetraethylammonium chloride, tetrabutylphosphonium bromide and triphenylbenzylphosphonium chloride; amines such as triethylamine and tributylamine Can be mentioned.
- quaternary salt catalysts such as tetraethylammonium bromide, tetrabutylammonium bromide, tetraethylammonium chloride, tetrabutylphosphonium bromide and triphenylbenzylphosphonium chloride
- amines such as triethylamine and tributylamine Can be mentioned.
- the primer paint (X) can be produced by a known method.
- the primer paint (X) can be prepared, for example, by dissolving or dispersing a base resin, a curing agent, a pigment, and, if necessary, the above other components in an organic solvent.
- Primer paint (X) coating The primer paint (X) is applied on the object by air spraying so that the cured film thickness is preferably in the range of 1 to 20 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 3 to 15 ⁇ m. It can be performed using airless spray, dip coating, brush or the like. After the primer coating (X) is applied, the resulting primer coating surface can be allowed to stand at room temperature for about 30 seconds to 60 minutes, if necessary.
- Step (2) is a step of forming an uncured base coating film by coating the base coating (Y) on the uncured primer coating film obtained in step (1).
- the base paint (Y) can be used without particular limitation as long as it is a base paint that can satisfy at least one of the above (A) and (B).
- the base paint (Y) is preferably an organic solvent and / or water as a main solvent and containing a resin component such as a base resin and a curing agent and a pigment.
- the base paint (Y) is preferably a solvent-based paint containing an organic solvent as a main solvent from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the resulting coating film.
- Substrate resin examples of the base resin used in the base paint (Y) include resins such as acrylic resins, polyester resins, and alkyd resins having reactive functional groups such as hydroxyl groups, epoxy groups, carboxyl groups, and silanol groups. Can do. Among these, a hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin and a hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin are preferable from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the obtained coating film.
- hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin those described in the column of the primer paint (X) can be used.
- the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin preferably has a hydroxyl value in the range of 10 to 100 mgKOH / g, and more preferably in the range of 50 to 90 mgKOH / g, from the viewpoint of adhesiveness of the resulting coating film.
- the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin preferably has an acid value in the range of 0 to 50 mgKOH / g, and more preferably in the range of 2 to 30 mgKOH / g, from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the resulting coating film.
- the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin preferably has a weight average molecular weight in the range of 2,000 to 100,000, and in the range of 3,000 to 50,000, from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the resulting coating film. Is more preferable.
- the use amount of the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin is preferably 20 on the basis of the total resin solid content in the base paint (Y) from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the resulting coating film. It is -70 mass%, More preferably, it is 30-65 mass%.
- hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin those described in the column of the primer paint (X) can be used.
- the hydroxyl group-containing polyether resin preferably has a hydroxyl value in the range of 10 to 150 mgKOH / g, and more preferably in the range of 50 to 85 mgKOH / g, from the viewpoint of adhesion of the resulting coating film.
- the hydroxyl group-containing polyether resin preferably has an acid value in the range of 0 to 50 mgKOH / g, and more preferably in the range of 1 to 30 mgKOH / g, from the viewpoint of adhesion of the resulting coating film.
- the hydroxyl group-containing polyether resin preferably has a number average molecular weight in the range of 1,500 to 100,000, and preferably in the range of 2,000 to 30,000, from the viewpoint of adhesion of the resulting coating film. Is more preferable.
- the use amount thereof is preferably 15 to from the total resin solid content of the base paint (Y) from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness of the resulting coating film. It is 45% by mass, more preferably 20 to 40% by mass.
- the curing agent and the preferred content thereof in the base paint (Y) are the same as those described in the column for the primer paint (X).
- the curing agent in the base paint (Y) those capable of reacting with the functional group of the base resin can be used.
- the curing agent include melamine resin, epoxy resin, polyisocyanate compound, block polyisocyanate compound, polycarbodiimide compound, and the like. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the melamine resin preferably has a weight average molecular weight in the range of 400 to 4000, preferably 600 to 3000, particularly from the viewpoint of adhesion of the resulting coating film.
- the melamine resin preferably contains an imino group-containing melamine resin.
- the number of imino groups per triazine nucleus in the melamine resin is preferably 1 or more, and more preferably in the range of 1.2 to 2.
- the melamine resin When an imino group-containing melamine resin having a weight average molecular weight of 400 to 4000 is used in the base paint (Y), the melamine resin supplements the isocyanate, so that the isocyanate amount ⁇ can be reduced.
- the content is 2.5 to 15 based on the total resin solid content in the base paint (Y). From the viewpoint of adhesiveness of the resulting coating film, it is preferable that the content is 3% by mass, preferably 3 to 10% by mass.
- the pigment and its preferable content in the base paint (Y) are the same as those described in the column for the primer paint (X).
- known pigments can be used without limitation, but flat pigments are preferably used.
- the flat pigment When a flat pigment is used in the base paint (Y), the flat pigment physically inhibits the movement of the isocyanate, so that the amount of isocyanate ⁇ can be reduced.
- Examples of the flat pigment include mica, alumina, talc, silica, and aluminum flake, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of mica include mica, aluminum oxide coated with titanium oxide or iron oxide, mica coated with titanium oxide or iron oxide, and the like.
- flat pigments it is preferable to use a flat pigment having an average particle diameter of 8 ⁇ m or more from the viewpoint of chipping resistance of the resulting coating film.
- the amount of the flat pigment is generally 1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 100 parts by weight of the total resin solid content in the base paint (Y), preferably It is suitable to be in the range of 2 to 15 parts by mass, more preferably 3 to 12 parts by mass.
- pigments other than flat pigments colored pigments, extender pigments and the like can be used.
- coloring pigment and extender the same pigments as those described in the column of the primer paint (X) can be used.
- the base paint (Y) preferably contains an organic solvent as a main solvent.
- the organic solvent is not particularly limited as long as it can be dissolved or dispersed by mixing the base resin and the curing agent described above, and examples thereof include aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents, aromatic hydrocarbon solvents, alcohol solvents, esters. Solvents such as system solvents and ketone solvents are mentioned.
- the base paint (Y) further contains paint additives such as a curing catalyst, an ultraviolet absorber, a coating surface conditioner, a rheology control agent, an antioxidant, an antifoaming agent, a wax, and a preservative as necessary. be able to.
- paint additives such as a curing catalyst, an ultraviolet absorber, a coating surface conditioner, a rheology control agent, an antioxidant, an antifoaming agent, a wax, and a preservative as necessary. be able to.
- the base paint (Y) can be produced by a known method.
- the base paint (Y) can be produced, for example, by dissolving or dispersing a base resin, a curing agent, a pigment, and, if necessary, the above other components in an organic solvent.
- the base paint (Y) is applied on the uncured primer coating so that the cured film thickness is preferably in the range of 5 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 5 to 30 ⁇ m. More preferably, it can be carried out using air spray, airless spray, dip coating, brush or the like so as to be within the range of 10 to 20 ⁇ m. After the base paint (Y) is applied, the obtained base coating surface can be allowed to stand at room temperature for about 1 to 60 minutes as required.
- Process (3) In the step (3), an uncured base coating film obtained in the step (2) is coated with a solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z) containing a hydroxyl group-containing resin and a polyisocyanate compound. This is a step of forming a clear coating film.
- a solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z) containing a hydroxyl group-containing resin and a polyisocyanate compound.
- solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z) is a two-component clear coating having a hydroxyl group-containing resin as a main agent and a polyisocyanate compound as a curing agent.
- hydroxyl group-containing resin As the hydroxyl group-containing resin as the main agent, any conventionally known resin can be used without limitation as long as it contains a hydroxyl group.
- the hydroxyl group-containing resin include a hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin, a hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin, a hydroxyl group-containing polyether resin, and a hydroxyl group-containing polyurethane resin.
- Preferred examples include a hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin and a hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin.
- a hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin can be mentioned as a particularly preferable one.
- the hydroxyl value of the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin is preferably in the range of 80 to 200 mgKOH / g, more preferably in the range of 100 to 180 mgKOH / g.
- the hydroxyl value is 80 mgKOH / g or more, the multi-layer coating film has sufficient scratch resistance due to the high crosslinking density. Further, when the hydroxyl value is 200 mgKOH / g or less, the water resistance of the multilayer coating film is satisfied.
- the weight average molecular weight of the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin is preferably in the range of 2500 to 40000, and more preferably in the range of 5000 to 30000.
- the performance of the multilayer coating such as acid resistance is satisfied.
- the smoothness of a multilayer coating film becomes it enough that a weight average molecular weight is 40000 or less, the finishing property of a multilayer coating film is satisfied.
- a weight average molecular weight and a number average molecular weight are the values calculated on the basis of the molecular weight of standard polystyrene from the chromatogram measured by the gel permeation chromatograph.
- the gel permeation chromatograph “HLC8120GPC” (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) can be used.
- the glass transition temperature of the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin is preferably within the range of ⁇ 40 ° C. to 20 ° C., and more preferably within the range of ⁇ 30 ° C. to 10 ° C.
- the glass transition temperature is ⁇ 40 ° C. or higher, the hardness of the multilayer coating film is sufficient. Further, when the glass transition temperature is 20 ° C. or lower, the coated surface smoothness of the multilayer coating film is satisfied.
- the polyisocyanate compound which is a curing agent is a compound having at least two isocyanate groups in one molecule.
- Examples of the polyisocyanate compound include aliphatic polyisocyanate compounds, alicyclic polyisocyanate compounds, araliphatic polyisocyanate compounds, aromatic polyisocyanate compounds, and derivatives of any of these polyisocyanate compounds. .
- aliphatic polyisocyanate compound examples include trimethylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, pentamethylene diisocyanate, 1,2-propylene diisocyanate, 1,2-butylene diisocyanate, 2,3-butylene diisocyanate, 1, Aliphatic diisocyanates such as 3-butylene diisocyanate, 2,4,4- or 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, dimer acid diisocyanate, methyl 2,6-diisocyanatohexanoate (common name: lysine diisocyanate); 2,6-diisocyanatohexanoic acid 2-isocyanatoethyl, 1,6-diisocyanato-3-isocyanatomethylhexane, 1,4,8-triisocyanatooctane, , 6,11-triisocyanatoundecane, 1,
- alicyclic polyisocyanate compound examples include 4,4′-methylenebis (cyclohexyl isocyanate), 1,3-cyclopentene diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, 1,3-cyclohexane diisocyanate, and 3-isocyanatomethyl- 3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl isocyanate (common name: isophorone diisocyanate), 4-methyl-1,3-cyclohexylene diisocyanate (common name: hydrogenated TDI), 2-methyl-1,3-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 1 , 3- or 1,4-bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane (common name: hydrogenated xylylene diisocyanate) or a mixture thereof, methylene bis (4,1-cyclohexanediyl) diisocyanate (common name) : Hydrogenated MDI), alicyclic diisocyanate
- araliphatic polyisocyanate compound examples include methylene bis (4,1-phenylene) diisocyanate (common name: MDI), 1,3- or 1,4-xylylene diisocyanate or a mixture thereof, ⁇ , ⁇ ′-diisocyanato.
- Araliphatic diisocyanate compounds such as 1,4-diethylbenzene, 1,3- or 1,4-bis (1-isocyanato-1-methylethyl) benzene (common name: tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate) or mixtures thereof; 1 And araliphatic triisocyanate compounds such as 3,5-triisocyanatomethylbenzene.
- aromatic polyisocyanate compound examples include m-phenylene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, 4,4′-diphenyl diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate (common names: 2,4 -TDI) or 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate (common name: 2,6-TDI) or a mixture thereof, aromatic diisocyanate compounds such as 4,4'-toluidine diisocyanate, 4,4'-diphenyl ether diisocyanate; triphenylmethane Aromatic triisocyanate compounds such as -4,4 ', 4 "-triisocyanate, 1,3,5-triisocyanatobenzene, 2,4,6-triisocyanatotoluene; 4,4'-diphenylmethane-2 , 2 ', 5,5'-tetraiso And aromatic tetracarboxylic iso
- Examples of the derivative of the polyisocyanate compound include dimer, trimer, biuret, allophanate, uretdione, uretoimine, isocyanurate, oxadiazine trione, polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate (crude MDI, polymeric). MDI), crude TDI, and the like.
- the above polyisocyanate compounds and derivatives thereof may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- aliphatic diisocyanate compounds and derivatives thereof aliphatic diisocyanate compounds and derivatives thereof
- alicyclic diisocyanate compounds and derivatives thereof are preferable.
- hexamethylene diisocyanate and derivatives thereof are more preferable.
- 4,4'-methylenebis (cyclohexyl isocyanate) is more preferable.
- hexamethylene diisocyanate derivatives are most suitable from the viewpoints of adhesion, compatibility, and the like.
- polyisocyanate compound a prepolymer obtained by reacting the polyisocyanate compound and a derivative thereof with a compound capable of reacting with the polyisocyanate compound and the derivative under an isocyanate group-excess condition may be used.
- a compound capable of reacting with the polyisocyanate compound and derivatives thereof include compounds having an active hydrogen group such as a hydroxyl group and an amino group.
- the compound having an active hydrogen group include polyhydric alcohols, low molecular weight polyester resins, amines, and water.
- the viscosity of the polyisocyanate compound at 25 ° C. is preferably within the range of 0.35 to 5 Pa ⁇ s, and within the range of 0.4 to 4 Pa ⁇ s. Is more preferable, and a range of 0.45 to 2 Pa ⁇ s is even more preferable.
- the solvent-based two-component clear coating (Z) can appropriately contain a solvent such as an organic solvent, an additive such as a curing catalyst, an antifoaming agent, and an ultraviolet absorber as necessary.
- a solvent such as an organic solvent
- an additive such as a curing catalyst, an antifoaming agent, and an ultraviolet absorber as necessary.
- the solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z) can appropriately contain a color pigment as long as the transparency of the multilayer coating film is not impaired.
- a color pigment one or a combination of two or more conventionally known pigments for ink and paint can be blended.
- the amount of addition may be determined as appropriate, but is preferably 30 parts by mass or less, more preferably 0 with respect to 100 parts by mass of the vehicle-forming resin composition in the solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z). 0.01 to 10 parts by mass.
- the solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z) can be produced by a known method.
- the solvent-based two-component clear coating (Z) can be prepared, for example, by mixing a hydroxyl group-containing resin as a main agent, a polyisocyanate compound as a curing agent and, if necessary, the above-described other components immediately before use. .
- the hydroxyl group-containing resin and the polyisocyanate compound have an equivalent ratio (NCO / OH) of the hydroxyl group of the hydroxyl group-containing resin to the isocyanate group of the polyisocyanate compound from the viewpoints of curability and scratch resistance of the multilayer coating film, and the like. It is preferable to mix at a ratio so as to be in the range of ⁇ 2, and it is more preferable to mix at a ratio so as to be within the range of 0.8 to 1.5.
- the solid content concentration of the solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z) is preferably in the range of about 30 to 70% by mass, and more preferably in the range of about 40 to 60% by mass.
- the solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z) is used as an organic solvent-type paint composition.
- organic solvent used in this case, various organic solvents for paints such as aromatic or aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents; ester solvents; ketone solvents; ether solvents and the like can be used.
- organic solvent to be used when an organic solvent is used at the time of preparing the hydroxyl group-containing resin, the organic solvent may be used as it is, or may be added as appropriate.
- solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z) coating The above-mentioned solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z) is applied onto the uncured base coating film.
- the method for applying the solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z) is not particularly limited.
- the coating can be performed by the same method as the primer coating (X) and the base coating (Y), for example, by a coating method such as air spray, airless spray, rotary atomization coating, curtain coat coating, or the like. it can.
- a solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z) may be electrostatically applied as necessary.
- rotary atomization coating by electrostatic application is preferable.
- the viscosity of the solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z) it is preferable to adjust the viscosity of the solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z) to a viscosity range suitable for the coating method.
- the viscosity of the solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z) is 20 ° C. at Ford Cup No. It is preferable to adjust appropriately using a solvent such as an organic solvent so that a viscosity range of about 15 to 60 seconds is obtained by measurement with a four viscometer.
- the coating amount of the solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z) is preferably set to an amount of about 10 to 50 ⁇ m as a cured film thickness.
- a solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z) After applying a solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z) to form a clear coating film, it may be allowed to stand, for example, at room temperature for about 1 to 60 minutes in order to promote volatilization of volatile components.
- Step (4) the uncured primer coating, uncured base coating and uncured clear coating formed in steps (1) to (3) are heated to cure these coatings simultaneously. It is a process to make.
- Heating can be performed by a known means, for example, a curing furnace such as a hot air furnace, an electric furnace, an infrared induction heating furnace or the like can be applied.
- the heating temperature is preferably in the range of 60 to 95 ° C, more preferably in the range of 70 to 90 ° C.
- the heating time is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 20 to 40 minutes, more preferably in the range of 25 to 35 minutes.
- At least one of the primer coating (X) and the base coating (Y) contains an imino group-containing melamine resin having a weight average molecular weight of 400 to 4000. Moreover, it is preferable that at least one of the primer coating (X) and the base coating (Y) contains a flat pigment. Furthermore, it is preferable that at least one of the primer coating (X) and the base coating (Y) is a solvent-based coating.
- An adhesive layer made of an adhesive may be provided on the multilayer coating film obtained in the present invention.
- this adhesive agent is not specifically limited,
- the windshield is a window material for vehicles, such as a front window, a rear window, a sunroof, and the like.
- the glass member may be inorganic glass or resin glass.
- the resin glass include those made of a transparent resin such as polycarbonate and acrylic.
- vehicles include vehicles such as automobiles and trains, aircraft, and submarines.
- Part and % are based on mass.
- film thickness of a coating film is based on a cured coating film.
- Table 1 is a solid content display, and each component in Table 1 is as follows. “Sumijoule N3300” trade name, manufactured by Sumika Covestro Urethane Co., Ltd., polyisocyanate compound, viscosity: 2.5 Pa ⁇ s, "Cymel 202" trade name, manufactured by Allnex, imino group-containing melamine resin, imino group content: 1.7 per triazine nucleus, weight average molecular weight: 1200, “Cymel 325" trade name, manufactured by Allnex, imino group-containing melamine resin, imino group content: 1.9 per triazine nucleus, weight average molecular weight: 800, “Cymel 350”, trade name, manufactured by Allnex, imino group-free melamine resin, imino group content: 0 per triazine nucleus, weight average molecular weight: 550, “Talc MA” product name, manufactured by Nippon Talc Co.,
- Table 2 is a solid content display, and each component in Table 2 is as follows.
- Mycoat 508 trade name, manufactured by Allnex, imino group-containing melamine resin, imino group content: 2.0 per triazine nucleus, weight average molecular weight: 1500
- Table 3 is a solid content display, and each component in Table 3 is as follows. “Desmodur N3900”, trade name, manufactured by Sumika Cobestrourethane, viscosity: 0.7 / Pa ⁇ s "Death module N3400” trade name, manufactured by Sumika Covestro Urethane Co., Ltd., viscosity: 0.2 / Pa ⁇ s “Duranate TUL100” trade name, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd., viscosity: 0.3 / Pa ⁇ s
- test plate “X430” (trade name, manufactured by Nippon Polychem Co., Ltd., 350 mm ⁇ 10 mm ⁇ 2 mm) was prepared as a plastic member. The surface of “X430” was degreased by wiping with gauze containing isopropyl alcohol to obtain a test plate.
- Example 1 The primer coating (X-1) prepared above was spray-coated on the test plate so as to have a cured film thickness of 10 ⁇ m to form an uncured primer coating film. After leaving at room temperature for 3 minutes, the base coating (Y-10) was electrostatically coated to a cured film thickness of 15 ⁇ m to form an uncured base coating film. Next, the solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z-1) was electrostatically applied to a cured film thickness of 30 ⁇ m to form an uncured clear coating film. The sample was left at room temperature for 7 minutes and then heated at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes to obtain a test plate on which the multilayer coating film of Example 1 was formed.
- the isocyanate amount ⁇ at the interface between the test plate and the primer coating film and the isocyanate amount ⁇ at the interface between the primer coating film and the base coating film were measured by the following methods.
- the ATR-IR measurement was performed on the surface of the multilayer coating film on the side in contact with the test plate under the following conditions.
- the infrared absorption peak intensity at 1730 cm ⁇ 1 derived from the ester bond and the infrared radiation at 1670 cm ⁇ 1 derived from the urethane bond Absorption peak intensity was measured.
- the calibration curve is obtained by obtaining a sample obtained by adding the polyisocyanate compound contained in the solvent-based two-component clear paint (Z-1) to the primer paint (X-1), and plotting the peak area ratio in the sample.
- ATR-IR measurement conditions Apparatus: Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer “FT / IR610” manufactured by JASCO Corporation Measurement mode: ATR method (prism: zinc selenide, incident angle: 45 °) Resolution: 4cm -1 Integration count: 16 times Wavelength range: 400 cm -1 to 4000 cm -1
- the amount of isocyanate ⁇ is (i) the multi-layer coating film used for measurement is coated with a base coating (Y-10) on the substrate so that the cured film thickness is 15 ⁇ m, and then a solvent-based two-component clear coating (Z-1) was obtained by applying a cured film thickness of 30 ⁇ m and then heating at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes, and (ii) the above calibration curve was obtained from the base paint (Y A sample obtained by adding the polyisocyanate compound contained in the solvent-based two-component clear coating (Z-1) to -10) and plotting the peak area ratio in the sample. Except for the above, it was measured in the same manner as the method for measuring the isocyanate amount ⁇ .
- the cured adhesive layer is oriented at 180 degrees with respect to the coating film while cutting with a cutter knife until reaching the coating surface at an angle of about 45 degrees with respect to the coating film at intervals of 2 to 3 mm. Was pulled by hand to peel off the adhesive layer.
- the peeled state after peeling off the adhesive layer was evaluated according to the following criteria. When the initial adhesiveness was C and D evaluation, the standard was not achieved.
- A The width from the cut portion of the exposed surface of the article to be coated or the coating film was less than 0.5 mm.
- B The width from the cut portion of the exposed surface of the article to be coated or the coating film was 0.5 mm or more and less than 1.0 mm.
- C The width from the cut portion of the exposed surface of the object to be coated or the coating film was 1.0 mm or more and less than 3.0 mm.
- D The width from the cut portion of the exposed surface of the article to be coated or the coating film was 3.0 mm or more.
- ⁇ Adhesiveness after water resistance test> “Hamatite WS-272” was applied to the test plate in a thickness of 5 to 7 mm and a width of 20 mm, and left at room temperature for 10 days. Thereafter, each test plate was immersed in a constant temperature water bath set at 50 ° C. for 240 hours. Thereafter, the water on each test plate was sufficiently wiped off and cooled at room temperature for 1 hour.
- the cured adhesive layer is oriented at 180 degrees with respect to the coating film while cutting with a cutter knife until reaching the coating surface at an angle of about 45 degrees with respect to the coating film at intervals of 2 to 3 mm. Was pulled by hand to peel off the adhesive layer.
- the peeled state after peeling off the adhesive layer was evaluated according to the following criteria. When the adhesiveness after the water resistance test was C and D evaluation, the standard was not achieved.
- A The width from the cut portion of the exposed surface of the article to be coated or the coating film was less than 0.5 mm.
- B The width from the cut portion of the exposed surface of the article to be coated or the coating film was 0.5 mm or more and less than 1.0 mm.
- C The width from the cut portion of the exposed surface of the object to be coated or the coating film was 1.0 mm or more and less than 3.0 mm.
- D The width from the cut portion of the exposed surface of the article to be coated or the coating film was 3.0 mm or more.
- Example 1 ⁇ Examples 2 to 18, Comparative Examples 1 to 13>
- Example 1 the same procedures as in Example 1 were performed except that the primer paint, base paint, and solvent-based two-component clear paint were those shown in Table 4, and Examples 2 to 18 and Comparative Examples 1 to 13 were used. A test plate on which a multilayer coating film was formed was obtained.
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Abstract
Description
<1>工程(1):被塗物上にプライマー塗料(X)を塗装して未硬化のプライマー塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(2):工程(1)で得られた未硬化のプライマー塗膜上に、ベース塗料(Y)を塗装して未硬化のベース塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(3):工程(2)で得られた未硬化のベース塗膜上に、水酸基含有樹脂及びポリイソシアネート化合物を含有する溶剤系2液型クリヤー塗料(Z)を塗装して未硬化のクリヤー塗膜を形成する工程、並びに
工程(4):工程(1)~(3)で形成された未硬化のプライマー塗膜、未硬化のベース塗膜及び未硬化のクリヤー塗膜を加熱することによって、これら塗膜を同時に硬化させる工程、
を順次行なう複層塗膜形成方法であって、
以下の(A)及び(B)の少なくとも一方を満たす、複層塗膜形成方法。
(A)全反射赤外分光法により測定した、前記被塗物と硬化した前記プライマー塗膜との界面におけるイソシアネート量が、前記プライマー塗料(X)の樹脂固形分100質量部を基準として1.5質量部以下である。
(B)全反射赤外分光法により測定した、硬化した前記プライマー塗膜と硬化した前記ベース塗膜との界面におけるイソシアネート量が、前記ベース塗料(Y)の樹脂固形分100質量部を基準として3.5質量部以下である。
<2>前記プライマー塗料(X)及び前記ベース塗料(Y)の少なくとも一方が、重量平均分子量400~4000であるイミノ基含有メラミン樹脂を含有する、<1>に記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
<3>前記プライマー塗料(X)及び前記ベース塗料(Y)の少なくとも一方が、扁平顔料を含有する、<1>又は<2>に記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
<4>前記ポリイソシアネート化合物の25℃における粘度が、0.35~5Pa・sの範囲内である、<1>~<3>のいずれか1つに記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
<5>前記プライマー塗料(X)及び前記ベース塗料(Y)の少なくとも一方が、溶剤系塗料である、<1>~<4>のいずれか1つに記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
本発明の複層塗膜形成方法は、
工程(1):被塗物上にプライマー塗料(X)を塗装して未硬化のプライマー塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(2):工程(1)で得られた未硬化のプライマー塗膜上に、ベース塗料(Y)を塗装して未硬化のベース塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(3):工程(2)で得られた未硬化のベース塗膜上に、水酸基含有樹脂及びポリイソシアネート化合物を含有する溶剤系2液型クリヤー塗料(Z)を塗装して未硬化のクリヤー塗膜を形成する工程、並びに
工程(4):工程(1)~(3)で形成された未硬化のプライマー塗膜、未硬化のベース塗膜及び未硬化のクリヤー塗膜を加熱することによって、これら塗膜を同時に硬化させる工程、
を順次行なう複層塗膜形成方法であって、
以下の(A)及び(B)の少なくとも一方を満たす。
(A)全反射赤外分光法により測定した、前記被塗物と硬化した前記プライマー塗膜との界面におけるイソシアネート量αが、前記プライマー塗料(X)の樹脂固形分100質量部を基準として1.5質量部以下である。
(B)全反射赤外分光法により測定した、硬化した前記プライマー塗膜と硬化した前記ベース塗膜との界面におけるイソシアネート量βが、前記ベース塗料(Y)の樹脂固形分100質量部を基準として3.5質量部以下である。
被塗物(例えば、「コウベポリシート」(商品名、スタンダードデストピース社製、ポリプロピレンシート))にプライマー塗料(X)を硬化膜厚で10μmになるように塗装し、次いでベース塗料(Y)を硬化膜厚で15μmになるように塗装し、さらに次いで溶剤系2液型クリヤー塗料(Z)を硬化膜厚で30μmになるように塗装する。その後、得られた塗膜を80℃で30分間焼付けて複層塗膜を得る。該複層塗膜を任意の場所で切り出し、該複層塗膜を被塗物から剥離する。
装置:フーリエ変換赤外分光光度計「FT/IR610」 日本分光社製
測定モード:ATR法(プリズム:セレン化亜鉛、入射角:45°)
分解能:4cm-1
積算回数:16回
波長範囲:400cm-1~4000cm-1
イソシアネート量βの測定方法は、(i)測定に供する複層塗膜が、被塗物にベース塗料(Y)を硬化膜厚で15μmになるように塗装し、さらに次いで溶剤系2液型クリヤー塗料(Z)を硬化膜厚で30μmになるように塗装した後、80℃で35分間焼付けて得られるものであること、及び、(ii)検量線が、ベース塗料(Y)に、溶剤系2液型クリヤー塗料(Z)中に含まれるポリイソシアネート化合物(例えば、「デュラネートTLA100」(商品名、旭化成社製、ポリイソシアネート化合物))を添加したサンプルを得て、該サンプルにおける上記ピーク面積比をプロットすることによって得られるものであること以外は、イソシアネート量αの測定方法と同様である。
λ:赤外光の波長
θ:試料への赤外光の入射角
n1:測定に使用したクリスタルの屈折率
n2:試料の屈折率
工程(1)は、被塗物上にプライマー塗料(X)を塗装して未硬化のプライマー塗膜を形成する工程である。
本発明で用いる被塗物は特に限定されず、例えば、プラスチック部材等を挙げることができる。
プライマー塗料(X)は、上記(A)及び(B)の少なくとも一方を満たすことができるプライマー塗料であれば、特に制限なく使用することができる。
プライマー塗料(X)において、基体樹脂としては、従来から塗料に使用されているそれ自体既知のものを使用することができ、例えば、アクリル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、アルキド樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、ポリオレフィン樹脂等が挙げられる。これらの基体樹脂は、分子中に、水酸基、カルボキシル基、エポキシ基等の架橋性官能基を有していることが好ましい。これらの基体樹脂は、それぞれ単独で又は2種以上組み合わせて使用することができる。
塩素化ポリオレフィン樹脂は、30,000~200,000の範囲内の重量平均分子量を有することが好ましく、50,000~150,000の範囲内の重量平均分子量を有することがより好ましい。
1/Tg(K)=W1/T1+W2/T2+・・・Wn/Tn
Tg(℃)=Tg(K)-273
プライマー塗料(X)において、硬化剤としては、上記基体樹脂が有する官能基と反応し得るものを使用することができる。かかる硬化剤としては、例えば、メラミン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリイソシアネート化合物、ブロックポリイソシアネート化合物、ポリカルボジイミド化合物等が挙げられる。これらはそれぞれ単独で又は2種以上組み合わせて使用することができる。
ポリカルボジイミド化合物の市販品としては、例えば、「カルボジライトSV-02」、「カルボジライトV-02」、「カルボジライトV-02-L2」「カルボジライトV-04」、「カルボジライトE-01」、「カルボジライトE-02」(いずれも日清紡社製)等が挙げられる。
プライマー塗料(X)において、顔料としては、既知のものを制限なく使用することができるが、扁平顔料を使用することが好ましい。
プライマー塗料(X)は、上述のとおり、有機溶剤を主たる溶媒とすることが好ましい。
有機溶剤としては、前述の基体樹脂及び硬化剤を混合して溶解乃至分散できるものであれば特に制限されず、例えば、脂肪族炭化水素系溶剤、芳香族炭化水素系溶剤、アルコール系溶剤、エステル系溶剤、ケトン系溶剤等の溶剤が挙げられる。
プライマー塗料(X)は、さらに必要に応じて、シランカップリング剤、増粘剤、消泡剤、表面調整剤、造膜助剤等の塗料用添加剤等を含有することができる。
プライマー塗料(X)は、公知の方法によって作製することができる。プライマー塗料(X)は、例えば、基体樹脂、硬化剤、顔料及び必要に応じ上記その他の成分を有機溶媒に溶解又は分散させて作製することができる。
プライマー塗料(X)の塗装は、前記被塗物上に、硬化膜厚で好ましくは1~20μmの範囲内となるように、より好ましくは3~15μmの範囲内となるように、エアスプレー、エアレススプレー、浸漬塗装、刷毛等を用いて行なうことができる。プライマー塗料(X)の塗装後、得られるプライマー塗膜面を、必要に応じて、室温で30秒~60分間程度静置することができる。
工程(2)は、工程(1)で得られた未硬化のプライマー塗膜上に、ベース塗料(Y)を塗装して未硬化のベース塗膜を形成する工程である。
ベース塗料(Y)は、上記(A)及び(B)の少なくとも一方を満たすことができるベース塗料であれば、特に制限なく使用することができる。
ベース塗料(Y)に使用される基体樹脂としては、例えば、水酸基、エポキシ基、カルボキシル基、シラノール基のような反応性官能基を有する、アクリル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、アルキド樹脂等の樹脂を挙げることができる。なかでも得られる塗膜の接着性の観点から、水酸基含有アクリル樹脂及び水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂が好ましい。
ベース塗料(Y)における硬化剤及びその好ましい含有量は、前記プライマー塗料(X)の欄で記載したものと同様である。
ベース塗料(Y)において硬化剤としては、上記基体樹脂が有する官能基と反応し得るものを使用することができる。かかる硬化剤としては、例えば、メラミン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリイソシアネート化合物、ブロックポリイソシアネート化合物、ポリカルボジイミド化合物等が挙げられる。これらはそれぞれ単独で又は2種以上組み合わせて使用することができる。
ベース塗料(Y)における顔料及びその好ましい含有量は、前記プライマー塗料(X)の欄で記載したものと同様である。
ベース塗料(Y)において、顔料としては、既知のものを制限なく使用することができるが、扁平顔料を使用することが好ましい。
ベース塗料(Y)は、上述のとおり、有機溶剤を主たる溶媒とすることが好ましい。
有機溶剤としては、前述の基体樹脂及び硬化剤を混合して溶解乃至分散できるものであれば特に制限されず、例えば、脂肪族炭化水素系溶剤、芳香族炭化水素系溶剤、アルコール系溶剤、エステル系溶剤、ケトン系溶剤等の溶剤が挙げられる。
ベース塗料(Y)は、さらに必要に応じて、硬化触媒、紫外線吸収剤、塗面調整剤、レオロジーコントロール剤、酸化防止剤、消泡剤、ワックス、防腐剤等の塗料用添加剤を含有することができる。
ベース塗料(Y)は、公知の方法によって作製することができる。ベース塗料(Y)は、例えば、基体樹脂、硬化剤、顔料及び必要に応じ上記その他の成分を有機溶媒に溶解又は分散させて作製することができる。
ベース塗料(Y)の塗装は、前記の未硬化のプライマー塗膜上に、硬化膜厚で好ましくは5~50μmの範囲内となるように、より好ましくは5~30μmの範囲内となるように、さらに好ましくは10~20μmの範囲内となるように、エアスプレー、エアレススプレー、浸漬塗装、刷毛等を用いて行なうことができる。ベース塗料(Y)塗装後、得られるベース塗膜面を、必要に応じて室温で1~60分間程度静置することができる。
工程(3)は、工程(2)で得られた未硬化のベース塗膜上に、水酸基含有樹脂及びポリイソシアネート化合物を含有する溶剤系2液型クリヤー塗料(Z)を塗装して未硬化のクリヤー塗膜を形成する工程である。
溶剤系2液型クリヤー塗料(Z)は、主剤である水酸基含有樹脂及び硬化剤であるポリイソシアネート化合物を有する2液型クリヤー塗料である。
主剤である水酸基含有樹脂としては、水酸基を含有するものであれば従来公知の樹脂が制限なく使用できる。該水酸基含有樹脂としては、例えば、水酸基含有アクリル樹脂、水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂、水酸基含有ポリエーテル樹脂、水酸基含有ポリウレタン樹脂等を挙げることができ、好ましいものとして、水酸基含有アクリル樹脂及び水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂を挙げることができ、特に好ましいものとして、水酸基含有アクリル樹脂を挙げることができる。
硬化剤であるポリイソシアネート化合物は、1分子中に少なくとも2個のイソシアネート基を有する化合物である。ポリイソシアネート化合物としては、例えば、脂肪族ポリイソシアネート化合物、脂環族ポリイソシアネート化合物、芳香脂肪族ポリイソシアネート化合物、芳香族ポリイソシアネート化合物、これらのいずれかのポリイソシアネート化合物の誘導体等を挙げることができる。
溶剤系2液型クリヤー塗料(Z)は、必要に応じて、有機溶剤等の溶媒、硬化触媒、消泡剤、紫外線吸収剤等の添加剤を適宜含有することができる。
溶剤系2液型クリヤー塗料(Z)は、公知の方法によって作製することができる。溶剤系2液型クリヤー塗料(Z)は、例えば、主剤である水酸基含有樹脂、硬化剤であるポリイソシアネート化合物及び必要に応じ上記その他の成分を、使用する直前に混合させて作製することができる。
前記未硬化のベース塗膜上に、前述の溶剤系2液型クリヤー塗料(Z)の塗装が行なわれる。溶剤系2液型クリヤー塗料(Z)の塗装方法は、特に限定されない。該塗装は、前記プライマー塗料(X)及びベース塗料(Y)と同様の方法で行うことができ、例えば、エアスプレー、エアレススプレー、回転霧化塗装、カーテンコート塗装等の塗装方法により行なうことができる。
工程(4)は、工程(1)~(3)で形成された未硬化のプライマー塗膜、未硬化のベース塗膜及び未硬化のクリヤー塗膜を加熱することによって、これら塗膜を同時に硬化させる工程である。
<製造例1>
「ハードレンM-28P」(商品名、東洋紡社製、マレイン酸変性塩素化ポリオレフィン、塩素化率20%)50部、2-ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート6部、2-エチルヘキシルアクリレート21部、シクロヘキシルメタクリレート1部、エチルアクリレート14部及びメチルメタクリレート8部を、ベンゾイルパーオキサイドの存在下、トルエン中でグラフト重合させて、アクリル部分のガラス転移温度が-25℃である、固形分濃度が40%のアクリル変性塩素化ポリオレフィン樹脂(a1)を得た。
<製造例2>
攪拌機、温度計、還流冷却器、及び滴下装置を備えた反応容器に、酢酸ブチル45部を仕込み、窒素ガスを吹き込みながら110℃で攪拌し、この中にメチルメタクリレート50部、エチルアクリレ-ト30部、2-ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート8部、アクリル酸2部、酢酸ブチル10部及び2,2´-アゾビスイソブチロニトリル0.6部の混合物を4時間かけて均一速度で滴下し、さらに同温度で2時間熟成した。その後さらに酢酸ブチル15部及び2,2´-アゾビスイソブチロニトリル1.0部の混合物を3時間かけて反応容器に滴下し、滴下終了後1時間熟成させたのち、メチルエチルケトン30部で希釈し、固形分濃度50%の水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(R-1)溶液を得た。
得られた水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(R-1)の酸価は7.7gKOH/g、水酸基価は65mgKOH/g、重量平均分子量は20,000であった。
攪拌機、温度計、還流冷却器、及び滴下装置を備えた反応容器に、酢酸ブチル45部を仕込み、窒素ガスを吹き込みながら110℃で攪拌し、この中にメチルメタクリレート60部、スチレン20部、エチルアクリレ-ト5部、アクリル酸4.4部、酢酸ブチル10部及び2,2´-アゾビスイソブチロニトリル0.6部の混合物を4時間かけて均一速度で滴下し、さらに同温度で2時間熟成した。その後さらに酢酸ブチル15部及び2,2´-アゾビスイソブチロニトリル1.0部の混合物を3時間かけて反応容器に滴下し、滴下終了後1時間熟成させたのち、メチルエチルケトン30部で希釈し、固形分濃度50%の水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(R-2)溶液を得た。
得られた水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(R-2)の酸価は5.0gKOH/g、重量平均分子量は47,000であった。
<製造例4>
温度計、サーモスタット、攪拌機、還流冷却器及び水分離器を備えた反応容器に、1,6-ヘキサンジオール(分子量146)52.6部(0.36mol)、1,4-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸(分子量172)10.3部(0.6mol)及びトリメチロールプロパン(分子量134)33.5部(0.25mol)を仕込み、160℃から230℃まで3時間かけて昇温させた後、縮合水を水分離器により留去させながら230℃で保持し、酸価が5mgKOH/gとなるまで反応させた。次いで、キシレン/「スワゾール1000」(商品名、丸善石油化学社製、石油系芳香族炭化水素系溶剤)=50/50(質量比)の混合溶剤で固形分濃度60%となるよう希釈し、水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂(R-3)溶液を得た。
得られた水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂(R-3)は、水酸基価が118mgKOH/g、数平均分子量が1,870であった。
<製造例5>
アクリル変性塩素化ポリオレフィン樹脂(a1)15部(固形分)、「スーパークロン422S」(商品名、日本製紙社製、塩素化ポリオレフィン、塩素化度:22%、分子量:11万、固形分濃度20%)50部、「FLEP-50」(商品名、東レファインケミカル社製、ポリサルファイド変性ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂、エポキシ等量:320、粘度:260ポイズ)15部(固形分)、「デュラネートMF-K60X」(商品名、旭化成社製、活性メチレンブロックポリイソシアネート化合物)15部(固形分)、「サイメル327」(商品名、Allnex社製、イミノ基含有メラミン樹脂、イミノ基含有量:トリアジン1核あたり1.8個、重量平均分子量:650)5部(固形分)、「ケッチェンブラックEC300J」(商品名、ライオン・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ社製、導電性カーボンブラック顔料)5部(固形分)、及び「タイピュアR-902+」(商品名、Chemours社製、酸化チタン)130部(固形分)の混合物をキシレン/トルエン=1/1(質量比)の混合溶剤に混合し、20℃においてフォードカップ#4を用いて測定した粘度が13秒となるプライマー塗料(X-1)を得た。
製造例5において、配合組成を表1に示すとおりとした以外は製造例5と同様に操作して、各プライマー塗料(X-2)~(X-14)を得た。
「スミジュールN3300」 商品名、住化コベストロウレタン社製、ポリイソシアネート化合物、粘度:2.5Pa・s、
「サイメル202」 商品名、Allnex社製、イミノ基含有メラミン樹脂、イミノ基含有量:トリアジン1核あたり1.7個、重量平均分子量:1200、
「サイメル325」 商品名、Allnex社製、イミノ基含有メラミン樹脂、イミノ基含有量:トリアジン1核あたり1.9個、重量平均分子量:800、
「サイメル350」 商品名、Allnex社製、イミノ基非含有メラミン樹脂、イミノ基含有量:トリアジン1核あたり0個、重量平均分子量:550、
「タルクMA」 商品名、日本タルク社製、タルク、平均粒子径14μm、
「TTKタルク」 商品名、竹原化学社製、タルク、平均粒子径17μm、
「Tタルク」 商品名、竹原化学社製、タルク、平均粒子径9μm、
「ハイラック」 商品名、竹原化学社製、タルク、平均粒子径7μm、
「BARIFINE BF-20」 商品名、堺化学工業社製、硫酸バリウム粉末、平均一次粒子径0.03μm、
「バリエースB-35」 商品名、堺化学工業社製、硫酸バリウム粉末、平均一次粒子径0.3μm。
<製造例19>
水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(R-1)35部(固形分)、水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(R-2)20部(固形分)、水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂(R-3)35部(固形分)、「サイメル327」10部(固形分)及び「Raven5000」(商品名、BIRLA CARBON社製、黒顔料)4部(固形分)の混合物をキシレン/トルエン=1/1(質量比)の混合溶剤に混合し、20℃においてフォードカップ#4を用いて測定した粘度が13秒となるベース塗料(Y-1)を得た。
製造例19において、配合組成を表2に示すとおりとした以外は製造例19と同様に操作して、各ベース塗料(Y-2)~(Y-14)を得た。
「Mycoat508」 商品名、Allnex社製、イミノ基含有メラミン樹脂、イミノ基含有量:トリアジン1核あたり2.0個、重量平均分子量:1500
「ツインクルパール SXC-SO」 商品名、日本光研工業社製、マイカ、平均粒子径:22μm
「ノンリーフィングアルペースト 7640NS」 商品名、東洋アルミニウム社製、アルミニウム、平均粒子径:21μm
<製造例33>
「ソフレックス910」(商品名、関西ペイント社製、水酸基含有アクリル樹脂を含む2液型クリヤー塗料の主剤)100部(固形分)と「デュラネートTLA100」(商品名、旭化成社製、ポリイソシアネート化合物、粘度:0.5/Pa・s)30部(固形分)とをキシレン/トルエン=1/1(質量比)の混合溶剤に混合し、20℃においてフォードカップ#4を用いて測定した粘度が13秒となる溶剤系2液型クリヤー塗料(Z-1)を得た。
製造例33において、配合組成を表3に示すとおりとした以外は製造例33と同様に操作して、各溶剤系2液型クリヤー塗料(Z-2)~(Z-5)を得た。
「デスモジュールN3900」 商品名、住化コベストロウレタン社製、粘度:0.7/Pa・s
「デスモジュールN3400」 商品名、住化コベストロウレタン社製、粘度:0.2/Pa・s
「デュラネートTUL100」 商品名、旭化成社製、粘度:0.3/Pa・s
プラスチック部材として「X430」(商品名、日本ポリケム社製、350mm×10mm×2mm)を用意した。そして、「X430」の表面を、イソプロピルアルコールを含ませたガーゼで拭いて脱脂処理し、試験板を得た。
<実施例1>
上記試験板に、上記で作製したプライマー塗料(X-1)を硬化膜厚10μmになるようにスプレー塗装し、未硬化のプライマー塗膜を形成した。室温で3分間放置してから、ベース塗料(Y-10)を硬化膜厚15μmになるように静電塗装し、未硬化のベース塗膜を形成した。次に、溶剤系2液型クリヤー塗料(Z-1)を硬化膜厚30μmになるように静電塗装し、未硬化のクリヤー塗膜を形成した。室温で7分間放置してから、80℃にて30分間加熱して実施例1の複層塗膜が形成された試験板を得た。
複層塗膜の試験板に接していた側の表面においてATR-IR測定を下記条件にて行い、エステル結合由来の1730cm-1における赤外吸収ピーク強度及びウレタン結合由来の1670cm-1における赤外吸収ピーク強度を測定した。ピーク面積比(ウレタン結合面積/エステル結合面積)の数値を、予め作成した検量線に当てはめてイソシアネート量を測定し、剥離した複層塗膜中に含まれるプライマー塗料の樹脂固形分100質量部あたりのイソシアネート量α(質量部)を求めた。
装置:フーリエ変換赤外分光光度計「FT/IR610」 日本分光社製
測定モード:ATR法(プリズム:セレン化亜鉛、入射角:45°)
分解能:4cm-1
積算回数:16回
波長範囲:400cm-1~4000cm-1
イソシアネート量βを、(i)測定に供する複層塗膜が、被塗物にベース塗料(Y-10)を硬化膜厚で15μmになるように塗装し、さらに次いで溶剤系2液型クリヤー塗料(Z-1)を硬化膜厚で30μmになるように塗装した後、80℃にて30分間加熱して得られたものであること、及び、(ii)上記検量線が、ベース塗料(Y-10)に、溶剤系2液型クリヤー塗料(Z-1)中に含まれるポリイソシアネート化合物を添加したサンプルを得て、該サンプルにおける上記ピーク面積比をプロットすることによって得られるものであること以外は、イソシアネート量αの測定方法と同様にして測定した。
<初期接着性>
試験板に「ハマタイトWS-272」(商品名、横浜ゴム社製、ウィンドウ接着剤)を厚さ5~7mm及び幅20mm塗布し、室温下で10日間放置した。
B:被塗物または塗膜の露出面の切削部からの幅が、0.5mm以上1.0mm未満であった。
C:被塗物または塗膜の露出面の切削部からの幅が、1.0mm以上幅3.0mm未満であった。
D:被塗物または塗膜の露出面の切削部からの幅が、3.0mm以上であった。
試験板に「ハマタイトWS-272」を厚さ5~7mm及び幅20mm塗布し、室温下で10日間放置した。その後、各試験板を、50℃に設定した恒温水槽中に240時間浸漬させた。その後、各試験板の水分を十分に拭き取り、室温にて1時間冷却した。
B:被塗物または塗膜の露出面の切削部からの幅が、0.5mm以上1.0mm未満であった。
C:被塗物または塗膜の露出面の切削部からの幅が、1.0mm以上幅3.0mm未満であった。
D:被塗物または塗膜の露出面の切削部からの幅が、3.0mm以上であった。
実施例1において、プライマー塗料、ベース塗料及び溶剤系2液型クリヤー塗料を表4に示すものとした以外は実施例1と同様に操作して、実施例2~18、比較例1~13の複層塗膜が形成された試験板を得た。
Claims (5)
- 工程(1):被塗物上にプライマー塗料(X)を塗装して未硬化のプライマー塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(2):工程(1)で得られた未硬化のプライマー塗膜上に、ベース塗料(Y)を塗装して未硬化のベース塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(3):工程(2)で得られた未硬化のベース塗膜上に、水酸基含有樹脂及びポリイソシアネート化合物を含有する溶剤系2液型クリヤー塗料(Z)を塗装して未硬化のクリヤー塗膜を形成する工程、並びに
工程(4):工程(1)~(3)で形成された未硬化のプライマー塗膜、未硬化のベース塗膜及び未硬化のクリヤー塗膜を加熱することによって、これら塗膜を同時に硬化させる工程、
を順次行なう複層塗膜形成方法であって、
以下の(A)及び(B)の少なくとも一方を満たす、複層塗膜形成方法。
(A)全反射赤外分光法により測定した、前記被塗物と硬化した前記プライマー塗膜との界面におけるイソシアネート量が、前記プライマー塗料(X)の樹脂固形分100質量部を基準として1.5質量部以下である。
(B)全反射赤外分光法により測定した、硬化した前記プライマー塗膜と硬化した前記ベース塗膜との界面におけるイソシアネート量が、前記ベース塗料(Y)の樹脂固形分100質量部を基準として3.5質量部以下である。 - 前記プライマー塗料(X)及び前記ベース塗料(Y)の少なくとも一方が、重量平均分子量400~4000であるイミノ基含有メラミン樹脂を含有する、請求項1に記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
- 前記プライマー塗料(X)及び前記ベース塗料(Y)の少なくとも一方が、扁平顔料を含有する、請求項1又は2に記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
- 前記ポリイソシアネート化合物の25℃における粘度が、0.35~5Pa・sの範囲内である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
- 前記プライマー塗料(X)及び前記ベース塗料(Y)の少なくとも一方が、溶剤系塗料である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
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| EP19771086.6A EP3769856A4 (en) | 2018-03-21 | 2019-03-19 | Multi-layer coating film formation method |
| CA3092258A CA3092258C (en) | 2018-03-21 | 2019-03-19 | Multi-layer coating film formation method |
| CN201980020187.2A CN111886082A (zh) | 2018-03-21 | 2019-03-19 | 多层涂膜的形成方法 |
| JP2020507864A JP7315530B2 (ja) | 2018-03-21 | 2019-03-19 | 複層塗膜形成方法 |
| US16/976,627 US20210009848A1 (en) | 2018-03-21 | 2019-03-19 | Multi-layer coating film formation method |
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| JP2021115488A (ja) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-08-10 | 関西ペイント株式会社 | プラスチック成形品の塗装方法 |
| JP2021195500A (ja) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-12-27 | 大日本塗料株式会社 | 塗料組成物及び塗膜 |
| JP2024071485A (ja) * | 2019-11-28 | 2024-05-24 | 東邦化研株式会社 | ガラス用熱硬化型水溶性塗料組成物、ガラス瓶容器及びガラス部品の塗装方法、並びにガラス瓶容器及びガラス部品塗装物の製造方法 |
| WO2025004913A1 (ja) * | 2023-06-30 | 2025-01-02 | 株式会社ニコン・エシロール | 眼鏡レンズ |
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| CN117165163A (zh) * | 2022-05-27 | 2023-12-05 | Ppg涂料(天津)有限公司 | 双组份涂料组合物及涂料体系 |
| EP4536759A1 (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2025-04-16 | BASF Coatings GmbH | Low temperature curable multilayer coating systems with excellent appearance |
| CN117625026A (zh) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-03-01 | Ppg涂料(天津)有限公司 | 涂料及体系、基材、部件、方法及作为车辆涂料的用途 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2024071485A (ja) * | 2019-11-28 | 2024-05-24 | 東邦化研株式会社 | ガラス用熱硬化型水溶性塗料組成物、ガラス瓶容器及びガラス部品の塗装方法、並びにガラス瓶容器及びガラス部品塗装物の製造方法 |
| JP2021115488A (ja) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-08-10 | 関西ペイント株式会社 | プラスチック成形品の塗装方法 |
| JP7272971B2 (ja) | 2020-01-22 | 2023-05-12 | 関西ペイント株式会社 | プラスチック成形品の塗装方法 |
| JP2021195500A (ja) * | 2020-06-18 | 2021-12-27 | 大日本塗料株式会社 | 塗料組成物及び塗膜 |
| WO2025004913A1 (ja) * | 2023-06-30 | 2025-01-02 | 株式会社ニコン・エシロール | 眼鏡レンズ |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP7315530B2 (ja) | 2023-07-26 |
| EP3769856A4 (en) | 2021-12-29 |
| CN111886082A (zh) | 2020-11-03 |
| JPWO2019181990A1 (ja) | 2021-03-25 |
| EP3769856A1 (en) | 2021-01-27 |
| CA3092258A1 (en) | 2019-09-26 |
| CA3092258C (en) | 2023-07-18 |
| US20210009848A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 |
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