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WO2019052499A1 - Four électrique de chauffage de minerai sans courant de dérivation entre électrodes - Google Patents

Four électrique de chauffage de minerai sans courant de dérivation entre électrodes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019052499A1
WO2019052499A1 PCT/CN2018/105423 CN2018105423W WO2019052499A1 WO 2019052499 A1 WO2019052499 A1 WO 2019052499A1 CN 2018105423 W CN2018105423 W CN 2018105423W WO 2019052499 A1 WO2019052499 A1 WO 2019052499A1
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furnace
independent
electrode
electrodes
furnaces
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巴涌
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories or equipment, e.g. dust-collectors, specially adapted for hearth-type furnaces

Definitions

  • An electrodeless branch current ore electric furnace can be applied to a closed, semi-closed and open type submerged arc furnace; configured to smelt calcium carbide, silicon (industrial silicon, ferrosilicon, silicon calcium, silicon germanium, silicon aluminum, etc.), Manganese-based (silicon-manganese and ferromanganese), chromium-based (ferrochrome and silicon-chromium) or nickel-based, ferromolybdenum, tungsten-iron, ferrotitanium and yellow-phosphorus ore furnaces; power supply methods using DC, low frequency, intermediate frequency and high frequency AC or plasma smelting, electromagnetic smelting furnace new energy ore furnace; power transformer uses three-phase transformer or single-phase transformer; electrode uses pre-baked or self-baked carbon electrode, or graphite and other electrodes, independent furnace single-phase electrode can use single electrode It can also be multi-electrode; the electrode power supply device adopts copper tile or combined handle conductive element or other power-on mode; the electrode
  • the traditional multi-phase smelting ore furnace is a multi-phase electrode in the furnace.
  • the work between the electrodes is mainly the work of the corner joint, and the resistance of the ore furnace and the operation resistance due to the work of the electrode angle Small, the current between the poles is large, which will cause the electrode to be lifted or insufficiently inserted, resulting in increased smelting energy consumption, low product quality, more faults in derivative equipment, difficulty in long-term low-cost and stable operation, and comparison of quality requirements for raw materials. harsh.
  • the electrodeless electric current electric furnace of the non-polar branch is mainly used to change the working connection mode of the electrode under the premise of ensuring the load and the submerged arc of the electrode, reducing the work of the corner joint, increasing the proportion of work done by the star, greatly increasing the material resistance and realizing the mine heat.
  • the furnace electrode is better inserted, and the phase separation power supply is used to increase the load of the electrode and the submerged arc furnace after the six electrodes; at the same time, the secondary voltage of the smelting furnace is greatly increased to improve the utilization of the electric energy of the submerged arc furnace and the transformer of the submerged arc furnace itself.
  • Efficiency reduce the power supply line loss of the electrode and short grid system, improve the power factor of the submerged furnace transformer and the electrical efficiency and thermal energy utilization of the submerged arc furnace, and reduce the furnace gas temperature of the submerged arc furnace.
  • the present application provides an electrodeless branch current ore electric furnace
  • the electrodeless branch current ore electric furnace is composed of a plurality of independent furnaces and independent furnace shells, each of which has a phase electrode, and the number of electrodes of the independent furnace can be Single or multiple, each furnace has a sufficient cooling distance between the furnace shells, and the furnace shell is insulated from the common furnace bottom; the smelting current between the independent furnaces is only conducted from the bottom of the furnace, and there is no current from the furnace wall of the independent furnace or The furnace shells are passed between; the furnace bottoms of the independent furnaces are electrically connected to the common furnace bottom or the conductive furnace bottoms of the independent furnaces are connected by cables; the horizontal section of each independent furnace is round, runway-shaped oval, elliptical, fan-shaped structure Or other polygons; the longitudinal section of the geometric center of the independent furnace through the furnace is in the form of a column, a truncated cone or a hyperbolic structure.
  • the three-phase AC-powered non-electrode branch current electric arc furnace has a number of independent furnaces that is a multiple of three; the independent furnace of the electrodeless branch current ore furnace has a three-electrode triangle or a six-electrode six-sided arrangement. Arranged in a circular array of shapes; or arranged in a rectangular array of single or double rows, such as single row three columns, single row six columns or two rows three columns, etc.
  • the common conductive bottom of each independent furnace or the bottom of each independent furnace led out by a cable is a common pole
  • the common pole can be configured to be connected to the anode of the direct current smelting, or to be configured as an AC power supply, and the electrode is fired.
  • the zero point access when the secondary smelting voltage is connected the secondary heating of the submerged arc furnace, that is, the electrode power supply, using the angle connection or the star connection, the AC can not lead out the common pole when using the corner connection power; when using the six electrodes,
  • the single electrode in the independent furnace and the six electrodes of the two electrodes in the independent furnace can be separated by phase or star connection to realize the work balance of multiple independent furnace electrodes and the overall load of the ore furnace.
  • the power supply of the non-polar branch current current electric furnace is powered by DC or high, medium or low frequency AC; when DC power is supplied, the bottom of each independent furnace led out by the furnace bottom or cable is extremely positive, and the independent furnaces are
  • the electrode is a negative electrode; the high-, medium- or low-frequency three-phase power supply mode is used with the power frequency three-phase AC power supply.
  • the electrodeless electric current electric furnace of the non-polar branch branch is integrated into the bottom of the electric furnace or connected to the bottom of the furnace with multiple independent furnaces.
  • the bottom of the furnace is made of high quality carbon brick and other high temperature resistant conductive materials.
  • the diameter is 1.200-9.999 times the diameter of the single electrode, and the electrode of the independent furnace is circular. This diameter is the diameter of the electrode of the independent furnace.
  • the electrode adopts other shapes.
  • the diameter of the electrode is the diameter of the external concentric circle of the electrode cross section;
  • the independent furnace The horizontal section can adopt other polygons according to smelting requirements, runway-type long circle, ellipse or fan shape; single-phase electrodes of independent furnaces can be single, double or multiple; arrangement of multi-independent furnaces of non-polar branch current current electric furnace a centrally symmetric annular array such as a three-furnace positive triangle or a six-furnace hexagonal hexagonal shape; or a separate furnace with a rectangular array such as a single row or three columns or a single row of six columns, two rows and three columns (including two rows of three independent furnaces with two separate furnaces) Column and independent furnace two-electrode three-furnace electrode two rows and three columns), or two rows and six columns, etc.
  • the electrode power supply can adopt the split phase power supply mode to achieve the work balance of the plurality of independent furnace electrodes and the load increase of the ore furnace.
  • the scheme of this specification is only: the equilateral triangle layout of three independent furnaces in a single furnace (Fig. 1), the single-electrode independent furnace in a separate furnace, single row and three rows (Fig. 2), and the double in the independent furnace.
  • the electrode is arranged in a triangle or three independent six-electrode furnaces (Fig. 3), six independent furnaces in a separate furnace, six independent furnaces (Fig. 4), and a six-electrode linear arrangement of two independent three-electrode furnaces in a separate furnace (Fig. 5).
  • the cross-section of the non-polar branch current electrothermal electric furnace is arranged in an equilateral triangle for each independent furnace.
  • the geometric center of the three electrode cross-sections is the center of the ore furnace, and the independent furnace is made with the center of each electrode as the center of the core (if it is Multiple electrodes in independent furnaces are independent furnace centers with multiple electrode geometric centers; single-row three-column structure arranged in a rectangular matrix of electrodes or six rows in a single row, arranged in a single matrix with single-pole and two-electrode arranged in a ring matrix, with electrode diameter Or the diameter of the external concentric circle of the electrode is 1.2-9.999 times as the diameter of the independent furnace, the spacing of the furnace shell of the independent furnace is to meet the heat dissipation and insulation between the furnace of the independent furnace and the independent furnace.
  • the furnace shell 8 of each independent furnace maintains sufficient cooling and cooling distance. If necessary, the water-cooled furnace shell is used to ensure that the current between the furnaces is only conduction from the bottom of the furnace, and cannot be conducted from the furnace shell of the independent furnace; the furnace of the independent furnace The insulation between the shell and the bottom of the furnace is not conductive, and the shell of the independent furnace is to be magnetically shielded.
  • the bottom of the furnace is separated from the bottom of the furnace by 6, 7 and 8 Carbon bricks and places in contact with air 6, 7, 8 must be refractory brick insulation or water cooling and air isolation; the inside of the furnace shell 5 of the common hearth part is refractory and sealed to isolate the air to prevent heat loss in the public furnace bottom.
  • the bottom carbon bricks are exposed to air oxidation at high temperatures, while the common hearth 9 is insulated from the common hearth casing 5 and insulated from the individual furnace shells 3, 10.
  • the electrode 1 of the non-polar branch current current electric furnace is generally located in the center of the independent furnace.
  • the multi-electrode is designed according to the layout. In actual operation, because the arrangement of the independent furnace is different, the individual electrodes will have different feeding materials around, and can be moderate according to actual needs. Deviation from the center of the independent furnace, so when designing the position of the electrode 1 of the independent furnace 2, the electrode should be properly adjusted; at the same time, in the actual operation, the shape of the independent furnace should be adjusted according to the actual arrangement and smelting needs.
  • the transformer of the non-polar branch current electrothermal electric furnace is designed according to the furnace type with independent furnace arrangement.
  • the independent furnace and the electrode triangle arrangement ore furnace can adopt three single-phase transformers, and the independent furnace and electrode are arranged in a straight line.
  • the single-phase transformer can be used on both sides, the three-phase three-phase transformer or the three-phase transformer on one side, and the other furnace and electrode arrangement methods are designed according to the actual needs and the short and symmetrical principle of the short net.
  • the electrodeless electric current furnace can be used to draw the common pole through the gap position 6, 7, 8 and so on. It is powered by DC, the positive pole is made through the common poles 6, 7, and 8, and the original electrode AC power supply short grid is used as the negative pole.
  • DC smelting, using the negative (negative) electrode and the positive (positive) pole of the furnace can reduce the electrode consumption and reduce the furnace bottom to extend the furnace age. If necessary, or according to the needs of the smelting of the smelting furnace, the furnace can be adjusted regularly or in stages. Bottom and electrode supply polarity.
  • the electrodeless electric current furnace of the non-polar branch current adopts AC smelting
  • the secondary short net (electrode supply) adopts the angle connection or the star connection.
  • the electrodes are connected by star work, and the common pole can adjust the independent independent furnace load and electrode. Insertion depth, the common pole 6, 7, 8 lead terminals in the AC power supply through the electrode secondary side star or corner connection smelting can achieve a variety of smelting needs and adjust the independent furnace electrode load, do not change the electrode star angle wiring and When there is no secondary AC corner power supply required for various smelting, and the submerged arc furnace adopting the split phase power supply mode, the common poles 6, 7, and 8 may not be taken to reduce the cost of the submerged arc furnace and reduce the faulty maintenance point.
  • An electrodeless branch current ore furnace is superior to DC smelting.
  • the vertical section of the center of each furnace of the independent furnace adopts a column shape, which is large and small, and has a large shape or a hyperbolic structure.
  • the horizontal section of the independent furnace can be round and positive. Polygons, ellipses, scallops, runway long circles (as shown in separate furnaces in Figures 3 and 5) or other shapes, depending on the type of smelting and the characteristics of the raw materials and the horizontal independent furnace arrangement.
  • the six electrodes can be powered by single-phase, and the three-phase AC input and output are sequentially supplied by AX, BY, CZ.
  • the six-electrode figure shows the first number of the middle electrode number.
  • the No. 1 electrode N01 is connected to A
  • the No. 2 electrode N02 is connected to X
  • the No. 3 electrode N03 is connected to B
  • the No. 4 electrode N04 is connected to Y
  • the No. 5 electrode is connected to C
  • the electrode N06 is connected to Z
  • the six electrodes can also be connected by phase separation.
  • the No. 1 electrode N01 is connected to A
  • the No. 2 electrode N02 is connected to X
  • 3 electrode N03 is connected to Y
  • the No. 4 electrode N04 is connected to B
  • the No. 5 electrode is connected to Z.
  • the No. 6 electrode N06 is connected to C, and the subsequent single-phase power supply is inverted, so that the interelectrode two-phase electrode works, the power of the ore furnace is increased, and the balance of the three-phase load and the electrode work is realized, wherein the three phases of A, B and C are realized.
  • the AC power supply sequence can simultaneously change the phase sequence.
  • the common bottom area between 12 and 11 can be reduced, so that the 12 furnace walls are exposed to increase the position of the furnace opening; in the various independent furnace arrangement, the common furnace bottom that does not affect the conduction of the furnace bottom is It can be reduced, and as many as possible, the number of outlets of each electrode is 1-3, and 3 is the outer furnace shell of the independent furnace. The position of the outlet can be arranged at this position as needed, keeping 1-3 outlets for each electrode. .
  • the electrodeless electric current furnace with non-polar branch current has large material resistance loop, good electrode insertion depth, small smelting flow pressure ratio, and the overall secondary short net loss will be greatly reduced.
  • the natural power factor of the transformer is high, thus achieving energy-saving operation, with ordinary single
  • the multi-phase electrode ore furnace of the furnace can not compare the advantages; the non-polar branch current current electric furnace, the same raw material, the smelting electricity consumption will be lower than the single furnace multi-electrode ore furnace about 8-50%, will increase production 20- 80%; on the large-scale furnace, the advantage of the non-polar branch current current electric furnace and the energy-saving and production-increasing effect are more obvious.
  • FIG. 3, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 can solve the fundamental problem of poor insertion, high consumption and low production, and high material surface temperature in the 6-electrode smelting in a single furnace.
  • the electrodeless electric current furnace of the non-polar branch current adopts AC smelting
  • the secondary short net work adopts the angle connection or the star connection.
  • the electrodes are connected by star work, which has the characteristics of the direct current furnace and the low frequency furnace, and the cost of the same capacity ore furnace Compared with DC ore furnace and low frequency furnace, the investment is small, the energy utilization rate is high, there is no cost of rectification and frequency conversion equipment and the loss of power supply system of frequency conversion rectification.
  • DC smelting this structure is better than single furnace multi-electrode DC furnace. The product quality is higher and the power loss is lower.
  • the non-polar branch current electric arc furnace can change the status of low natural power factor, high power consumption and low output of traditional single-furnace multi-phase electrode ore electric furnace, reflecting large or super large mines.
  • the high production, low consumption and scale efficiency of the hot electric furnace, and the applicability of various submerged arc furnaces to low grade raw materials, is a new technology of large-scale ore electric furnace with very development trend.
  • FIG. 1 The electrodeless cross-section of the electrodeless electric current furnace is a regular triangular layout of three independent furnaces with a single electrode in a separate furnace;
  • Figure 2 The cross-section of the furnace of the non-electrode branch current is the single-row and three-row arrangement of the single-electrode independent furnace in the independent furnace;
  • the current between the stepless branch current and the electric furnace of the ore furnace is a two-electrode triangular arrangement of independent furnaces or a six-electrode hexagonal three independent furnace;
  • FIG. 4 The electrodeless electric current furnace furnace cross section of the electrodeless electric current furnace is a single-electrode six independent furnaces in a separate furnace.
  • Figure 5 Inverter branch current
  • the cross section of the furnace is the six-electrode linear arrangement of the two-electrode three independent furnaces in the independent furnace.
  • the furnace shell of the independent furnace is located in the furnace shell part on the common furnace bottom; 11-the reduced common part of the furnace bottom; the outer shell of the 12-independent furnace can be arranged with the furnace mouth position; 101, 102, 103-electrode; 201, 202 , 203-electrode; 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306-electrode; 401, 402, 403, 404, 405, 406-electrode; 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 506-electrode.
  • the construction of the electrodeless electric current electric furnace is similar to that of the single furnace multi-electrode ore furnace.
  • the whole conductive bottom is used. Because the bottom of the furnace needs to be electrically conductive, the carbon brick or material of the furnace bottom is better, and the thickness of the carbon brick is thick.
  • the submerged arc furnace In a single furnace, the submerged arc furnace.
  • Furnace masonry can be constructed by carbon brick and refractory brick. Firstly, the whole furnace bottom is built according to the independent furnace layout. The inside of the furnace bottom is insulated and insulated, then the furnace shell of the independent furnace is built, and then the furnace shell is built. The outer insulation material of the furnace bottom and the furnace wall inside the furnace.
  • the bridge between the non-polar branch current and the electric iron furnace should consider the heat insulation and oxygen barrier seal of the exposed carbon conductors 6, 7 and 8 on the outside of the furnace.
  • the tops of the 6, 7 and 8 carbon bricks in the independent furnace are fireproof.
  • the brick is insulated and sealed, and if necessary, water cooling or oil cooling is added; the conductive furnace bottom 9 and the common hearth casing 5 are insulated and insulated.
  • the value of the electrical parameters of the transformer and short net of the non-polar branch current electric furnace is very different.
  • the secondary voltage of the variable furnace is 1.5-5.0 times that of the traditional single-furnace multi-electrode ore furnace of the same power.
  • the specific smelting voltage According to the type of smelting and the secondary star angle or split phase power supply mode adopted by the ore furnace.
  • the thermal furnace of the ore furnace should consider the heat dissipation and cooling of the conductive furnace bottom in the high temperature zone of the submerged arc furnace, the conductivity of the furnace bottom, the insulation of the furnace shell and the common pole lead-out method and the cooling and anti-oxidation measures of the lead-out cable. If necessary, a conductive alloy or a temperature-resistant superconducting material may be built in the bottom of the furnace to increase the electrical conductivity of the common furnace bottom.
  • the cooling and insulation should be done to prevent the temperature rise between the independent furnaces.
  • the current flows through the leakage between the furnace walls, and the furnace wall and the furnace shell should be paid attention to.
  • the anti-magnetic and magnetic isolation treatment of the equipment, the independent furnace shell itself can not be eddy-heated or conductive, and can be made of temperature-resistant non-conductive non-magnetic materials or alloys.
  • the non-electrode branch current The electric ore furnace has a flexible tapping position, and the furnace outlet can be set at a convenient location, and the furnace equipment and the rail and the ladle traction system are matched with the layout.
  • the independent furnace triangle arrangement can be in the independent furnace shell. Three to three outlets are designed on the outer side, and the single-row linear arrangement of the counter electrode can be designed with a tapping port on each side.
  • the secondary short-net connection of the non-polar branch current electric furnace is relatively long, so the independent furnace distribution is preferably equilateral triangle or hexagon arranged in the center of the annular array.
  • the short-circuit loop Longer, higher impedance, it is recommended to use other new low-impedance casing type short-net connection, or use smelting low-frequency power supply technology to reduce the loss of short-grid power supply.
  • the electrodeless electric current electric furnace can change the operating resistance by adjusting the shape and size of the electrode and the shape of the independent furnace of the submerged arc furnace to meet the needs of different products and smelting types. In actual smelting, the electrode is not centrally symmetric according to the smelting and eating materials. Design adjustments.
  • the electrodeless electric current furnace of the non-polar branch current is designed by internal combustion furnace, semi-closed or closed furnace.
  • the furnace wall and the furnace cover are the same as the single furnace multi-electrode ore furnace.
  • the furnace cover can be integrated or separated separately, and the furnace cover and environmental protection
  • the wind can be designed as a separate furnace, or it can be designed in one piece or in multiple separate furnaces.
  • the electrode is lowered and lifted according to the traditional single furnace electrode system, but the lift stroke is increased if necessary.
  • the extraction method of the common pole can learn from the existing large-scale electrolytic aluminum tank power supply technology or other large current extraction methods.
  • the aluminum material has better oxidation resistance and poor temperature resistance.
  • the copper material is used to pay attention to the anti-oxidation treatment of copper at high temperature. Silver plating can be used to prevent oxidation.
  • the power supply uses the negative (negative) electrode and the positive (positive) pole of the furnace to reduce the electrode consumption and reduce the furnace bottom to extend the furnace age. If necessary, or according to the needs of the smelting furnace Regulate the polarity of power supply on a regular or long-term basis.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un four électrique de chauffage de minerai sans courant de dérivation entre les électrodes, qui est constitué d'une combinaison d'une pluralité de soles indépendantes (2) et d'enceintes de four (3). Chaque sole indépendante (2) comporte une électrode monophasée (1). Le nombre d'électrodes (1) de chaque phase peut être un ou plusieurs. Une distance de refroidissement suffisante entre les enceintes de four (3) des soles indépendantes est assurée. Les enceintes de four (3) sont isolées d'un fond de four commun (9). Un courant de fusion entre les soles indépendantes (2) circule uniquement à partir du fond de four (9), et aucun courant n'est autorisé à circuler à travers les parois de four (4) ou les enceintes de four (3) des soles indépendantes (2). Le four électrique de chauffage de minerai sans courant de dérivation entre les électrodes est agencé sous la forme d'un réseau circulaire et d'un réseau rectangulaire. Une section horizontale de la sole indépendante peut être ronde ou polygonale. Lorsque le four électrique de chauffage de minerai sans courant de dérivation entre les électrodes utilise une alimentation électrique à courant alternatif triphasé, l'électricité est fournie aux électrodes par l'intermédiaire d'une connexion angulaire ou d'une connexion en étoile. Lorsque le four électrique de chauffage de minerai sans courant de dérivation entre les électrodes utilise une alimentation en courant continu, le fond de four commun (9) et les électrodes communes (6, 7, 8) sont des électrodes positives, et les électrodes (1) des soles indépendantes sont des électrodes négatives. Les modes d'alimentation électrique triphasés à haute, moyenne et basse fréquence sont les mêmes qu'un mode d'alimentation électrique en courant alternatif triphasé à fréquence industrielle.
PCT/CN2018/105423 2017-09-15 2018-09-13 Four électrique de chauffage de minerai sans courant de dérivation entre électrodes Ceased WO2019052499A1 (fr)

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CN201710830452.6A CN107401917A (zh) 2017-09-15 2017-09-15 一种无极间支路电流矿热电炉

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CN107401917A (zh) * 2017-09-15 2017-11-28 巴涌 一种无极间支路电流矿热电炉
CN108826975B (zh) * 2018-05-31 2019-10-25 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 用于提高矿棉电炉启炉成功率的方法
CN117287970B (zh) * 2022-08-24 2025-11-25 赢海复兴工程科技(成都)有限公司 一种超大型黄磷电炉

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CN201666723U (zh) * 2009-08-26 2010-12-08 巴涌 节能型固定式系列矿热炉和电石炉
CN203132321U (zh) * 2013-02-25 2013-08-14 成都高威节能科技有限公司 六电极交流矿热炉
CN203719426U (zh) * 2014-01-10 2014-07-16 嵩明县汇成冶金设备制造厂 矿热炉
CN107401917A (zh) * 2017-09-15 2017-11-28 巴涌 一种无极间支路电流矿热电炉
CN207622493U (zh) * 2017-09-15 2018-07-17 巴涌 一种无极间支路电流矿热电炉

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